Common Names
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
ticklegrass
hairgrass
rough bentgrass
winter bentgrass
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Cover Value
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
coverIn certain areas, tickle grass provides moderate cover for white-tailed
deer, pronghorn, small mammals, upland gamebirds, and small nongame
birds. It may also provide good cover for waterfowl [
8].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Description
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
Tickle grass is a short-lived, perennial bunchgrass. Culms are slender
and erect, and the basal leaves are often scabrous. The panicle is
large and diffuse at maturity [
1,
10,
30,
47]. Tickle grass is typically 6
to 39 inches (15-100 cm) tall [
10,
18,
23] but often reaches 50 inches
(130 cm) in height [
31,
32]. The plant has a fibrous root system [
48]
but is not rhizomatous [
31].
Tickle grass is often confused with winter bentgrass (A. hyemalis (Walt.)
B.S.P.), but the latter generally flowers earlier [
13].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Distribution
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
Tickle grass is distributed throughout Alaska, the continental United
States (but sparingly in the Southeast), Greenland, Canada, Mexico, and
Asia [
2,
13,
17,
42,
47].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Fire Ecology
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
fire regimeWind-dispersed tickle grass seeds readily colonize bare mineral soil on
recently burned sites [
6,
20,
38]. Seeds may also be stored for short
durations in the soil, allowing for early establishment of areas burned
in the spring [
11].
FIRE REGIMES : Find fire regime information for the plant communities in which this
species may occur by entering the species name in the
FEIS home page under
"Find FIRE REGIMES".
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification)
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. More info for the term:
hemicryptophyte Hemicryptophyte
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat characteristics
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
forestTickle grass occurs throughout a wide variety of habitats including
woodlands, forest openings, grasslands, shrublands, meadows, swamps,
bogs, marshes, and stream and lake margins [
5,
6,
24,
47]. It also grows
on disturbed sites, such as in ditches or along roadsides, and in
pastures or abandoned fields [
14,
24,
28]. Tickle grass occurs from sea
level to alpine zones [
4,
15,
17]. It occupies sites as high as 12,000
feet (3,600 m) in Colorado [
8]. Tickle grass is tolerant of a wide range
of moisture regimes; it thrives in wet or moist soils and can survive
seasonal stem submergence [
13,
15,
41]. Tickle grass is also found in dry
habitats and is a common component of semiarid grasslands and sagebrush
communities [
8,
10,
15,
18].
Tickle grass grows well on sandy loam, loam, and clay loam soil textures
[
8]. It is adapted to soils that are low in nutrients and is tolerant
of low pH levels [
15]. Tickle grass shows poor growth in sodic soils
[
8].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Cover Types
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):
1 Jack pine
5 Balsam fir
12 Black spruce
13 Black spruce - tamarack
15 Red pine
16 Aspen
18 Paper birch
38 Tamarack
69 Sand pine
70 Longleaf pine
80 Loblolly pine - shortleaf pine
81 Loblolly pine
107 White spruce
201 White spruce
202 White spruce - paper birch
204 Black spruce
210 Interior Douglas-fir
212 Western larch
216 Blue spruce
217 Aspen
218 Lodgepole pine
221 Red alder
222 Black cottonwood - willow
224 Western hemlock
225 Western hemlock - Sitka spruce
227 Western redcedar - western hemlock
228 Western redcedar
229 Pacific Douglas-fir
230 Douglas-fir - western hemlock
235 Cottonwood - willow
237 Interior ponderosa pine
239 Pinyon - juniper
244 Pacific ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir
245 Pacific ponderosa pine
251 White spruce - aspen
252 Paper birch
253 Black spruce - white spruce
254 Black spruce - paper birch
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Ecosystem
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):
More info for the term:
shrub FRES10 White - red - jack pine
FRES11 Spruce - fir
FRES12 Longleaf - slash pine
FRES13 Loblolly - shortleaf pine
FRES17 Elm - ash - cottonwood
FRES19 Aspen - birch
FRES20 Douglas-fir
FRES21 Ponderosa pine
FRES23 Fir - spruce
FRES24 Hemlock - Sitka spruce
FRES25 Larch
FRES26 Lodgepole pine
FRES28 Western hardwoods
FRES29 Sagebrush
FRES34 Chaparral - mountain shrub
FRES35 Pinyon - juniper
FRES36 Mountain grasslands
FRES37 Mountain meadows
FRES38 Plains grasslands
FRES39 Prairie
FRES40 Desert grasslands
FRES41 Wet grasslands
FRES42 Annual grasslands
FRES44 Alpine
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Plant Associations
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):
More info for the terms:
bog,
forest,
shrub,
woodland K001 Spruce - cedar - hemlock forest
K002 Cedar - hemlock - Douglas-fir forest
K005 Mixed conifer forest
K008 Lodgepole pine - subalpine forest
K010 Ponderosa shrub forest
K011 Western ponderosa forest
K012 Douglas-fir forest
K014 Grand fir - Douglas-fir forest
K015 Western spruce - fir forest
K016 Eastern ponderosa forest
K017 Black Hills pine forest
K018 Pine - Douglas-fir forest
K019 Arizona pine forest
K021 Southwestern spruce - fir forest
K023 Juniper - pinyon woodland
K026 Oregon oakwoods
K037 Mountain-mahogany - oak scrub
K038 Great Basin sagebrush
K047 Fescue - oatgrass
K048 California steppe
K049 Tule marshes
K050 Fescue - wheatgrass
K051 Wheatgrass - bluegrass
K052 Alpine meadows and barren
K053 Grama - galleta steppe
K054 Grama - tobosa prairie
K055 Sagebrush steppe
K056 Wheatgrass - needlegrass shrubsteppe
K057 Galleta - three-awn shrubsteppe
K063 Foothills prairie
K064 Grama - needlegrass - wheatgrass
K065 Grama - buffalograss
K066 Wheatgrass - needlegrass
K067 Wheatgrass - bluestem - needlegrass
K068 Wheatgrass - grama - buffalograss
K069 Bluestem - grama prairie
K070 Sandsage - bluestem prairie
K074 Bluestem prairie
K075 Nebraska Sandhills prairie
K076 Blackland prairie
K081 Oak savanna
K084 Cross Timbers
K093 Great Lakes spruce - fir forest
K094 Conifer bog
K095 Great Lakes pine forest
K098 Northern floodplain forest
K108 Northern hardwoods - spruce forest
K110 Northeastern oak - pine forest
K111 Oak - hickory - pine forest
K112 Southern mixed forest
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Immediate Effect of Fire
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
Fire generally top-kills tickle grass. Specific effects on tickle grass
mortality, however, are not well documented.
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Importance to Livestock and Wildlife
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
seedAlthough tickle grass is a common and widespread species, the large ratio
of seed head to foliage prevents it from being an important livestock
forage plant. Prior to flowering, however, cattle, sheep, and horses
readily consume it [
32,
41].
Tickle grass is occasionally eaten by elk, mule deer, white-tail deer,
pronghorn, small mammals, upland gamebirds, and waterfowl [
8]. Moose
may also graze on tickle grass throughout the year [
26].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Key Plant Community Associations
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
codominantTickle grass occurs throughout a wide variety of habitats and may be a
dominant or codominant in moist meadows or on streambanks. Published
classifications listing tickle grass as a dominant component of plant
associations (pas) or community types (cts) are as follows:
AREA CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY
CA: Sequoia NP montane meadow pas Halpern 1986
ID: Upper Salmon/Middle riparian cts Tuhy & Jensen 1982
Fork Salmon River
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Life Form
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
graminoidGraminoid
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Management considerations
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
cover,
seedTickle grass is one of the most successful native grasses in the
revegetation programs in which it has been included [
29,
43]. It has
shown good potential for both short-term and long-term revegetation, and
has low establishment requirements [
8]. Tickle grass seed is not
available commercially, but it is produced at the Plant Materials Center
in Bridger, Montana [
4,
29]. Seed can be collected at a rate of
approximately 3.3 ounces per hour (95 g/hr) [
29]. Tickle grass produces
lush growth in the first year if fertilized. In field trials near Tent
Mountain, Alberta, it produced greater than 20 percent cover in
fertilized plots in the first growing season [
15]. In alpine areas,
seeds should be planted in the fall to avoid breaking dormancy and to
allow for optimal growth in the spring [
29]. Tickle grass is very
effective at seed dispersal, and it is not necessary to plant seeds in
areas where a source is nearby [
15].
Tickle grass increases in response to grazing [
46]. Because the plant is
not readily grazed after flowering, it is only utilized in the spring or
early summer.
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Nutritional Value
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
Tickle grass has been rated as fair in energy value and low in protein
value [
8].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Occurrence in North America
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE FL GA
HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD
MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ
NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA RI SC
SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY
AB BC LB MB NB NF NT NS ON PE
PQ SK YT MEXICO
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Palatability
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
Tickle grass is considered to be relatively unpalatable to livestock but
is consumed early in the season [
32,
33,
41]. The relish and degree of
use shown by livestock and wildlife in several western states is rated
as follows [
8]:
UT WY MT ND
Cattle good fair poor fair
Sheep fair fair poor fair
Horses fair fair poor fair
Elk good good ---- ----
Mule deer fair poor ---- ----
White-tailed deer ---- poor ---- poor
Pronghorn poor poor ---- poor
Upland gamebirds poor fair ---- ----
Waterfowl poor poor ---- fair
Small nongame birds poor fair ---- ----
Small mammals poor fair ---- ----
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Phenology
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. More info for the term:
seedTickle grass flowers from June to September, depending on location
[
8,
10,
13]. Seed is shed in late summer [
41].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Plant Response to Fire
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
seedIn general, tickle grass increases in abundance in response to fire.
Seedlings immediately colonize recently burned areas, provided a
favorable seedbed has been established [
27,
39]. Annual spring burns in
aspen stands in Alberta caused an increase in tickle grass inflorescence
production. In unburned areas, there was an average of one flower head
per square foot (10/sq m), but on burned sites 10 flower heads per
square foot (110/sq m) were produced [
2]. In interior Alaska, seedlings
were not found in burned plots where the organic layer had not been
completely removed, although a seed source was nearby. Seedlings were,
however, abundant on adjacent firelines [
45].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Post-fire Regeneration
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
graminoid,
tussock Tussock graminoid
Initial-offsite colonizer (off-site, initial community)
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Regeneration Processes
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
seedTickle grass reproduces primarily by seed but can spread laterally by
stolons. The diffuse inflorescence breaks away at maturity and can be
dispersed over long distances by wind [
15]. Seeds colonize recently
disturbed sites with exposed mineral soil seedbeds [
22].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Regional Distribution in the Western United States
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):
1 Northern Pacific Border
2 Cascade Mountains
3 Southern Pacific Border
4 Sierra Mountains
5 Columbia Plateau
6 Upper Basin and Range
7 Lower Basin and Range
8 Northern Rocky Mountains
9 Middle Rocky Mountains
10 Wyoming Basin
11 Southern Rocky Mountains
12 Colorado Plateau
13 Rocky Mountain Piedmont
14 Great Plains
15 Black Hills Uplift
16 Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Successional Status
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. More info for the terms:
climax,
forest,
seed,
successionFacultative Seral Species
Tickle grass is generally a pioneer or invader species [
11,
15,
22]. It is
relatively shade intolerant, and thrives in open, sunny locations [
15].
Seed is widely dispersed by wind and requires bare mineral soil for
establishment; seedlings are common on recently disturbed sites [
15,
22].
Tickle grass has invaded abandoned fields throughout prairie regions, and
barren sandy soils near Coniston, Ontario. It is a pioneer of dry white
spruce (Picea glauca) sites near Norman Wells, Northwest Territories
[
15], and clearcut jack pine (Pinus banksiana) sites in Saskatchewan
[
7].
Once tickle grass becomes established, it may remain important throughout
the early seral stages [
22]. In boreal forest floodplain succession,
tickle grass invades initially, and then endures through the early willow
stages [
25,
44]. Tickle grass is also a component of near climax range
communities in Montana [
36]. In the Sierra Nevada, California,
tickle grass is an increaser species in climax meadow vegetation [
33].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Synonyms
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. var. tenuis (Tuckerm.) Gl.
Agrostis geminata Trin.
Agrostis hyemalis Auct.
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Taxonomy
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
fernThe currently accepted scientific name of tickle grass is Agrostis scabra
Willdenow [
21,
35,
41,
47]. It is also occasionally referred to as A.
hyemalis Auct. (or other authorities) [
2,
17,
18] but is considered to be
specifically distinct from A. hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. The following
varieties are recognized:
Agrostis scabra var. geminata (Trin.) Swallen [
16,
21,
30,
42]
Agrostis scabra var. septentrionalis Fern. [
10,
21,
35,
42]
A. scabra hybridizes with A. stolonifera and A. exarata [
47].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Value for rehabilitation of disturbed sites
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
seedTickle grass is a suitable candidate for revegetation programs,
particularly in northern regions [
43]. It has been used successfully
in seeding experiments on alpine sites, where areas disturbed by
grazing, recreation, and mining or mineral exploration are common [
4].
Tickle grass is also reported to be common on abandoned coal-mine sites
in Alberta [
37] and has colonized industrially damaged sites near
Sudbury, Ontario [
19]. It naturally invades areas damaged by sulfur
emissions [
48] and can be found on soils with copper concentrations of
450 p/m and nickel concentrations of 500 p/m [
15]. In Yellowstone
National Park, tickle grass was seeded onto disturbed sites and after one
growing season comprised 18 to 30 percent of the vegetation on test
plots [
29]. In revegetation trials in the Yukon Territory, seedlings
emerged in the first growing season in 100 percent of seeded plots. All
plots contained viable plants 7 years later. Eighty-six percent of
plants produced seed in the second growing season, and all live plants
produced seed during the seventh growing season [
43]. In addition,
tickle grass has a fibrous root system that is effective in preventing
soil erosion [
8,
15,
48].
- الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
- Matthews, Robin F. 1992. Agrostis scabra. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Physical Description
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من USDA PLANTS text
Perennials, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly basal, below middle of stem, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smooth, glabrous, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blades very narrow or filiform, less than 2 mm wide, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blade margins folded, involute, or conduplicate, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Leaf blades scabrous, roughened, or wrinkled, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence an open panicle, openly paniculat e, branches spreading, Inflorescence solitary, with 1 spike, fascicle, glomerule, head, or cluster per stem or culm, Inflorescence branches more than 10 to numerous, Lower panicle branches whorled, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets laterally compressed, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 1 fertile floret, Spikelets solitary at rachis nodes, Spikelets all alike and fertille, Spikelets bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating above the glumes, glumes persistent, Spikelets disarticulating beneath or between the florets, Entire inflorescence falling intact, as a tumbleweed, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes equal or subequal, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longer than spikelet, Glumes 1 nerved, Lemmas thin, chartaceous, hyaline, cartilaginous, or membranous, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma glabrous, Lemma apex truncate, rounded, or obtuse, Lemma awnless, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma stra ight, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis, Caryopsis ellipsoid, longitudinally grooved, hilum long-linear.
Maeswellt garw: Brief Summary
(
الويلزية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia CY
Planhigyn blodeuol Monocotaidd a math o wair yw Maeswellt garw sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Poaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Agrostis scabra a'r enw Saesneg yw Rough bent.
Gall dyfu bron mewn unrhyw fan gan gynnwys gwlyptiroedd, coedwigoedd a thwndra. Dofwyd ac addaswyd y planhigyn gan ffermwyr dros y milenia; chwiorydd i'r planhigyn hwn yw: india corn, gwenith, barlys, reis ac ŷd.
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Agrostis scabra: Brief Summary
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia EN
Agrostis scabra is a common species of grass known by the common names hair grass, rough bent, rough bent grass, winter bent grass, and ticklegrass. A tumbleweed, it is a bunchgrass native to Asia and much of North America, and widely known elsewhere as an introduced species.
Rikkarölli: Brief Summary
(
الفنلندية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia FI
Rikkarölli (Agrostis scabra) on heinälaji röllien suvussa. Se on yksivuotinen tai kaksivuotinen ja kasvaa mätästävänä enintään puolen metrin korkeaksi. Heinän lehtien lavat ovat enintään 3 mm leveät ja keskimäärin kapeammat kuin paljon samannäköisellä hoikkaröllillä. Rikkarölli kasvaa alkuperäisenä Pohjois-Amerikassa ja Koillis-Aasiassa. Sitä esiintyy tulokaskasvina liikennepaikoilla Etelä-Suomessa.
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Agrostis scabra: Brief Summary
(
الفرنسية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia FR
Agrostis scabra ou Agrostis geminata ou Agrostis hyemalis est une herbe de la famille des Poaceae et de type tumbleweed.
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Hruba wjechelca: Brief Summary
(
اللغة الصربية العليا
)
المقدمة من wikipedia HSB
Hruba wjechelca (Agrostis scabra) je rostlina ze swójby słódkich trawow (Poaceae).
Agrostis laxiflora var. montana: Brief Summary
(
البرتغالية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia PT
Agrostis laxiflora var. montana é uma espécie de gramínea do gênero Agrostis, pertencente à família Poaceae.
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Agrostis scabra
(
الأوكرانية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia UK
Опис
Утворює щільні пучки. Стебла прямі, довжиною 30–60 см. Листя: лігули 1.5–4 мм завдовжки; листові пластини грубі, довжиною до 14 сантиметрів, 0.5–3 мм шириною. Суцвіття — волоть відкрита, яйцевидна, довжиною 7–30 см з колосками, згрупованими до кінчиків гілочок. Первинні гілочки суцвіть розлогі, тонкі, шершаві, розгалужені вище середини, довжиною 5–15 см. Колоски одиночні. Родючі колоски з квітоніжками. Родючий колосок складається з 1 родючої квітки. Колоски еліптичні, 2.2–3 мм завдовжки, розпадаються при зрілості. Колоскові луски стійкі, подібні, перевищують верхівки квітів, міцніші ніж родючі леми, блискучі. Нижня колоскова луска ланцетна, 2.2–3 мм завдовжки, 1-кілева, 1-жильна, верхівка гостра або загострена. Верхня колоскова луска такої ж довжини й основних характеристик. Родюча лема довгаста, 0.9–1.2 мм завдовжки, гіалінова, без кіля, 5-жильна. Верхня квіткова луска відсутня або крихітна. Пиляків 3; 0.6 мм завдовжки.
Поширення
Північна Америка: Ґренландія, Канада, США, Мексика; Азія: Японія, Корея, східний Сибір, Далекий Схід. Натуралізований: Австрія, Ліхтенштейн, Бельгія, Люксембург, Велика Британія, Данія, Фінляндія, Франція, Німеччина, Нідерланди, Норвегія, Російська Федерація, Швеція, Домініканська Республіка, Аргентина, Чилі. Живе в безлічі місць проживання, від теплих прибережних долин до альпійського клімату високих гірських хребтів.
Галерея
Джерела
