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Colubroidea ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Colubroidea is a superfamily of snakes in the clade Colubroides that includes Colubridae, with some studies splitting Colubridae into multiple families that make up Colubroidea. Historically, Colubroidea also included other caenophidian snakes such as cobras and vipers, as these snakes form a clade. However these groups are now divided into several distinct, but related, families.[1][2][3][4] Zaher et al. (2009) proposed to redefine Colubroidea for colubrids and related families, while designating Colubroides as the group containing vipers and cobras as well as colubroids.[1] The ReptileDatabase considers Colubroidea to be composed of Colubridae and the members of its sister group, Elapoidea, and does not recognize the division of Colubridae into multiple families.[5]

Classification

Phylogeny[1][2][3][4]

Colubroidea Colubridae

Grayiinae

Calamariinae

Ahaetuliinae

Colubrinae

Sibynophiidae

Natricidae

Pseudoxenodontidae

Dipsadidae

Carphophiinae

Xenodontinae

Dipsadinae

Families and Subfamilies[1][2][3][4]

Usual taxonomy:[5]

Alternate taxonomy:[4]

Unknown Genera incertae sedis (not currently placed in a family, usually because of the absence of genetic data, but suspected to be colubroids based on morphology)

Fossil Colubroidea

North America

Mexico
Colubroidea is located in Mexico
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Locations of Colubroidea fossil finds in Mexico
White pog.svg Cueva de Abra Travertine
Yellow ffff80 pog.svg Goleta Formation#
Yellow pog.svg Las Tunas Wash; Jeffries Site

South America

Colubroidea is located in South America
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Locations of Colubroidea fossil finds in South America
White pog.svg Pleisto-Holocene ages
Yellow ffff80 pog.svg Pliocene ages
Yellow pog.svg Miocene ages
Legend

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Zaher, H.; Grazziotin, F. G.; Cadle, J. E.; Murphy, R. M.; Cesar de Moura-Leite, J.; Bonatto, S. L. (2009). "Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 49 (11): 115–153. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492009001100001.
  2. ^ a b c Grazziotin, F. G.; Zaher, H.; Murphy, R. W.; Srocchi, G.; Benavides, M. A.; Zhang, Y.; Bonatto, S. L. (2012). "Molecular phylogeny of the new world Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal". Cladistics. 28 (5): 437–459. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x. S2CID 84934386.
  3. ^ a b c Pyron; Burbrink; Wiens (2013). "A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13: 93. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-93. PMC 3682911. PMID 23627680.
  4. ^ a b c d Figueroa, A.; McKelvy, A. D.; Grismer, L. L.; Bell, C. D.; Lailvaux, S. P. (2016). "A species-level phylogeny of extant snakes with description of a new colubrid subfamily and genus". PLOS ONE. 11 (9): e0161070. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1161070F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161070. PMC 5014348. PMID 27603205.
  5. ^ a b "Search results | The Reptile Database". reptile-database.reptarium.cz. Retrieved 2022-07-21.
  6. ^ Fossilworks
  7. ^ Fossilworks
  8. ^ "La Goleta ( of Mexico)". Fossilworks. Retrieved 14 December 2021 from the Paleobiology Database.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  9. ^ Fossilworks
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  13. ^ Fossilworks
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  21. ^ Fossilworks
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Colubroidea: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Colubroidea is a superfamily of snakes in the clade Colubroides that includes Colubridae, with some studies splitting Colubridae into multiple families that make up Colubroidea. Historically, Colubroidea also included other caenophidian snakes such as cobras and vipers, as these snakes form a clade. However these groups are now divided into several distinct, but related, families. Zaher et al. (2009) proposed to redefine Colubroidea for colubrids and related families, while designating Colubroides as the group containing vipers and cobras as well as colubroids. The ReptileDatabase considers Colubroidea to be composed of Colubridae and the members of its sister group, Elapoidea, and does not recognize the division of Colubridae into multiple families.

許可
cc-by-sa-3.0
版權
Wikipedia authors and editors
原始內容
參訪來源
合作夥伴網站
wikipedia EN