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Distribution and Habitat ( 英語 )

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Population and Distribution Litoria piperata was formerly known from five streams draining the east of the Northern Tablelands, from 800-1120 m, from Gibraltar Range to Armidale, n. NSW (Tyler & Davies 1985). The area of occurrence of the species is approximately 5000 km2 (map in Gillespie & Hines 1999). Despite searches of the historic localities and other streams with similar habitat within the region (Mahony 1997), the species has not been seen since 1973. However, in 1992, surveys outside the known range of L. piperata on the Northern Tablelands located populations of frogs which closely resemble this species (NSW NPWS 1994). While the external morphology of the population closely resembles L. piperata, the mating call is very similar to L. pearsoniana (M. Mahony pers. comm. in Tyler 1997). It is possible that this species represents morphologically distinct outlying populations of L. pearsoniana. Considerable confusion exists over the systematics of the Litoria barringtonensis, L. pearsoniana, L. phyllochroa, and L. piperata complex. Studies of the genetic variation in populations of this complex revealed that the currently recognised species boundaries are in need of major review (Donellan et al. 1999). Further genetic and morphometric studies are required to resolve the systematics of these n. populations.(Gillespie & Hines 1999)Formerly known from the Oxley Wild Rivers NP (Gara River Nature Reserve) and Mitchell SF (H. Hines pers. comm.). Several of the type specimens were taken on freehold and leasehold land in the vicinity of Glen Innes (Tyler 1997). HabitatLitoria piperata occupied open forest and wet sclerophyll forest (Heatwole et al. 1995) at altitudes of 800 to 1120 m (Gillespie & Hines 1999).

參考資料

  • Donnellan, S.C., McGuigan, K., Knowles, R., Mahony, M. and Moritz, C. (1999). ''Genetic evidence for species boundaries in frogs of the Litoria citropa species-group (Anura: Hylidae) .'' Australian Journal of Zoology, 47, 275-293.
  • Mahony, M., Knowles, R., and Patterson, L. (1997). Peppered Tree Frog Litoria piperata. in: Threatened Frogs of New South Wales: Habitats, Status and Conservation. H. Ehmann (ed.) pp 182-187. Frog and Tadpole Study Group of N.S.W. Inc., Sydney South, Australia.
  • Tyler, M.J. and Davies, M. (1985). ''A new species of Litoria (Anura: Hylidae) from New South Wales, Australia.'' Copeia, 1985(1), 145-149.

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J.-M. Hero
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H. Hines
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L. Shoo
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M. Stoneham
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors ( 英語 )

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ReproductionLittle is known about the breeding biology of this species. However, morphological similarity to Litoria pearsoniana and L. phyllochroa suggests that ecological similarities are likely (Gillespie & Hines 1999). Advertisement call is not known.Invasive speciesIntroduced predatory fish species (Eastern Gambusia Gambusia holbrooki and salmonids) occur in streams formerly occupied by the species and may have displaced frog populations by predation upon larvae (Gillespie & Hines 1999). Given the vulnerability of other members of the L. citropa group to trout predation, these fish are likely to have had a significant impact on L. piperata.
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors ( 英語 )

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Causes of apparent declines are unknown. However, most of the historic sites and other streams in the region have undergone substantial alteration and suffered significant habitat disturbance through land clearance, grazing and timber harvesting (Hines pers. comm.). Introduced predatory fish species also occur in these streams and may have displaced frog populations through predation upon larvae (Gillespie & Hines 1999).
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Peppered tree frog ( 英語 )

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The peppered tree frog (Ranoidea piperata) is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae. It has a green back speckled with black, a cream-coloured belly and a dark stripe running from the shoulder. It is endemic to a very small area of the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia where it is known from five stream systems. It has not been observed in the wild since the 1970s, but a frog of very similar appearance has been observed in an area slightly further north, and it is not clear whether these are examples of the peppered tree frog or an outlying population of Pearson's green tree frog. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the peppered tree frog's conservation status as being "data deficient".

Distribution

This species was formerly known from five streams at elevations of 800–1120 m draining east in the Northern Tablelands of NSW from Gibraltar Range in the north to Armidale in the south. After searches in these streams and adjacent areas, this species has not been located in the wild since 1973.

In 1999, though, frogs similar in appearance to this species were discovered in streams north of their known range. The frogs had calls similar to Pearson's green tree frog, and genetic testing is required to determine if this population is the peppered tree frog or a disjunct population of Pearson's green tree frog.

Description

This is a small species of frog reaching 30 mm (1.2 in) in length. It is olive-grey to slate above, with many scattered black dots and tubercles across the back, flanks, and legs, giving the dorsal surface a "peppered" appearance, which gives this species its name. The tympanum is distinct. It has some green colouration on the side of the head. The toes discs are large, and toes are webbed. The belly is cream. An indistinct dark stripe runs from the shoulder, which is shared with other species in the leaf green tree frog complex, of which this species is a member. However, due to a lack of information on this species, it has been omitted from the complex key on that page.

Behaviour and ecology

This species is associated with flowing, rocky creeks in highland areas of northern New South Wales. The call of this species has not been recorded but is likely to be similar to other species in the R. phyllochroa complex. Males are likely to call during spring and summer from vegetation and rocks bordering streams and creeks.

This species and the yellow-spotted bell frog, two species of frogs in the northern tablelands, suffered severe population declines in the 1980s. The cause of these declines is not fully understood, partly because it was too swift to document. Chytrid fungus is believed to have been a significant factor.

References

  1. ^ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2022). "Litoria piperata". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2022: e.T12151A78435247.
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Peppered tree frog: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

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The peppered tree frog (Ranoidea piperata) is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae. It has a green back speckled with black, a cream-coloured belly and a dark stripe running from the shoulder. It is endemic to a very small area of the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia where it is known from five stream systems. It has not been observed in the wild since the 1970s, but a frog of very similar appearance has been observed in an area slightly further north, and it is not clear whether these are examples of the peppered tree frog or an outlying population of Pearson's green tree frog. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the peppered tree frog's conservation status as being "data deficient".

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Litoria piperata ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Litoria piperata (peppered tree frog) es una especie de anfibio anuro del género Litoria, de la familia Hylidae. Es originaria de Australia, en Nueva Gales del Sur.[1][2][3]

Esta rana es en peligro crítico de extinción. Es posible que ya esté extincto. Los científicos no han visto esta rana con seguridad desde 1973. Algunos científicos veían una rana con la misma apariencia de Litoria piperata en la década de 1990, pero sus voces sonaban diferentes. En la década de 1990, científicos decidieron que necesitaban estudiar los genes y ADN de esta rana y sus parientes antes de poder decir realmente cuáles eran especies separadas y cuáles no. Los parientes de Litoria piperata son Litoria barringtonensis, Litoria pearsoniana, y Litoria phyllochroa.[2]

Los científicos no están seguros por qué esta rana es en peligro de extinción. Muchos de los arroyos en que vivía han estado cambiado por gente que querían usa el área para pastar animales. Los arroyos también tienen especies invasoras, como el pez mosquito, que se alimenta de renacuajos.[2]

Referencias

  1. «Ranoidea piperata (Tyler and Davies, 1985)». American Museum of Natural History. Consultado el 25 de septiembre de 2020.
  2. a b c J-M. Hero; H. Hines; L. Shoo; M. Stoneham (15 de marzo de 2002). «Litoria piperata: Peppered Treefrog». Amphibiaweb. Consultado el 25 de septiembre de 2020.
  3. «Litoria piperata: Peppered Tree Frog». Frogs of Australia. Consultado el 25 de septiembre de 2020.
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Litoria piperata: Brief Summary ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Litoria piperata (peppered tree frog) es una especie de anfibio anuro del género Litoria, de la familia Hylidae. Es originaria de Australia, en Nueva Gales del Sur.​​​

Esta rana es en peligro crítico de extinción. Es posible que ya esté extincto. Los científicos no han visto esta rana con seguridad desde 1973. Algunos científicos veían una rana con la misma apariencia de Litoria piperata en la década de 1990, pero sus voces sonaban diferentes. En la década de 1990, científicos decidieron que necesitaban estudiar los genes y ADN de esta rana y sus parientes antes de poder decir realmente cuáles eran especies separadas y cuáles no. Los parientes de Litoria piperata son Litoria barringtonensis, Litoria pearsoniana, y Litoria phyllochroa.​

Los científicos no están seguros por qué esta rana es en peligro de extinción. Muchos de los arroyos en que vivía han estado cambiado por gente que querían usa el área para pastar animales. Los arroyos también tienen especies invasoras, como el pez mosquito, que se alimenta de renacuajos.​

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Litoria piperata ( 巴斯克語 )

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Litoria piperata Litoria generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Hylidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

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Litoria piperata: Brief Summary ( 巴斯克語 )

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Litoria piperata Litoria generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Hylidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

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Dryopsophus piperatus ( 法語 )

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Dryopsophus piperatus est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Pelodryadidae[1].

Répartition

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Distribution de Litoria piperata

Cette espèce est endémique du Nord de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud en Australie. Elle se rencontre entre 800 et 1 120 m d'altitude dans cinq cours d'eau s'écoulant de l'Est des Northern Tablelands du parc national de Gibraltar Range à Armidale[1],[2].

Description

Les mâles mesurent de 20 à 27 mm et les femelles de 24 à 31 mm[3].

Publication originale

  • Tyler & Davies, 1985 : A New Species of Litoria (Anura: Hylidae) from New South Wales, Australia. Copeia, vol. 1985, no 1, p. 145-149.

Notes et références

  1. a et b Amphibian Species of the World, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  2. UICN, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  3. Tyler & Knight, 2011 : Field Guide to the Frogs of Australia: Revised Edition. Csiro Publishing, p. 1-188.
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Dryopsophus piperatus: Brief Summary ( 法語 )

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Dryopsophus piperatus est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Pelodryadidae.

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