Gibberella xylarioides (Fusarium xylarioides) is a species of fungus in the family Nectriaceae. It is the causative agent of coffee wilt disease (CWD). The disease caused a severe problem in several countries in West and East Africa during the 1940s and 1950s.[1] CWD was first seen in Coffea liberica.[2]
Main hosts
Coffea arabica (arabica coffee)
Coffea canephora (robusta coffee)
Coffea liberica (Liberian coffee tree)
Other hosts
Gossypium (cotton)
Musa × paradisiaca (plantain)[1]
Similar to other vascular wilt pathogens, the fungus colonizes the xylem and causes the flow of water to be cut off. It can be diagnosed by several visual signs. The leaves can wilt, have vein necrosis, and abscission. The coffee bark, when scraped with a knife, will have a blue-black coloration. The berries will appear as though they are ripening prematurely but will stay on the coffee plant after the leaves have fallen off.[3] Necrosis can often be seen near the collar of the plant.[4]
Young trees can be killed within a few days of infection while more mature coffee plants can survive up to 8 months.[2]
Gibberella xylarioides (Sexual form) will make purple perithecia and ascospores, but resting structures are rarely found in the soil. Fusarium xylarioides (Asexual form) make sickle shaped conidia and are spread by wind, rain, and human activities like weeding and harvesting.
Other methods of management include:
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) Gibberella xylarioides (Fusarium xylarioides) is a species of fungus in the family Nectriaceae. It is the causative agent of coffee wilt disease (CWD). The disease caused a severe problem in several countries in West and East Africa during the 1940s and 1950s. CWD was first seen in Coffea liberica.
Gibberella xylarioides est une espèce de champignons ascomycètes de la famille des Nectriaceae.
Ce champignon est l'agent pathogène de la trachéomycose du caféier.
Selon USDA-ARS, Fungal Databases[2] :
L'aire de répartition de ce champignon comprend divers pays d'Afrique occidentale, centrale et orientale, de la Côte d'Ivoire à l'Éthiopie et à la Tanzanie, ainsi que le Brésil, mais sur des hôtes différents (soja et cotonnier)[2].
La gamme de plantes-hôtes connues pour être parasitées par ce champignon comprend diverses espèces de caféiers (Coffea abeokutae, Coffea arabica[3], Coffea canephora, Coffea liberica), ainsi que Glycine max (soja) et Gossypium hirsutum (cotonnier mexicain) au Brésil[2].
Gibberella xylarioides est une espèce de champignons ascomycètes de la famille des Nectriaceae.
Ce champignon est l'agent pathogène de la trachéomycose du caféier.
Gibberella xylarioides je grzib[3], co go ôpisoł R. Heim & Saccas 1950. Gibberella xylarioides nŏleży do zorty Gibberella i familije Nectriaceae.[4][5] Żŏdne podgatōnki niy sōm wymianowane we Catalogue of Life.[4]
Gibberella xylarioides je grzib, co go ôpisoł R. Heim & Saccas 1950. Gibberella xylarioides nŏleży do zorty Gibberella i familije Nectriaceae. Żŏdne podgatōnki niy sōm wymianowane we Catalogue of Life.
