Trophic Strategy
(
英語
)
由Fishbase提供
Oceanic, found below 1,000 m during the day and from the surface to 200 m at night (Ref. 4479).
Morphology
(
英語
)
由Fishbase提供
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 15; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 21 - 25; Vertebrae: 38 - 40
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Migration
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英語
)
由Fishbase提供
Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
Diagnostic Description
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英語
)
由Fishbase提供
Branchiostegal rays: 8-9 (Ref. 31442). Anal organs 14-15; males with single supracaudal gland filling about 1/2 the supracaudal space, females with 3 coalesced infracaudal gland patches, sometimes separate (Ref. 39633).
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Biology
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英語
)
由Fishbase提供
Oceanic, found below 1,000 m during the day and from the surface to 200 m at night (Ref. 4479). Neustonic to mesopelagic (Ref. 58302). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 31442). Lipid content is 3.3 % in fresh body weight and wax ester is 10 % in total lipids (Ref. 9197). Reach sexual maturity at 4,6 cm (Ref. 47377).
Comprehensive Description
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英語
)
由Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology提供
Hygophum reinhardtii
This medium-size myctophid grows to 45 mm in the study area, to 61 mm elsewhere (Hulley, 1981). A questionably bipolar subtropical species (Backus et al., 1977), it is most abundant in the eastern subtropics of the Atlantic Ocean (Nafpaktitis et al., 1977). It is uncommon in the study area, never being among the twenty most abundant lanternfish. The Ocean Acre collections contain 106 specimens; 65 were caught during the paired seasonal cruises, 51 of these in discrete-depth samples, of which 37 were in noncrepuscular tows (Table 23).
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES.—The single postlarva was 12 mm, juveniles were 12–24 mm, subadults 24–45 mm, and adult males 32–45 mm. Most juveniles 12–15 mm could not be sexed, but all those greater than 18 mm could be. Subadult females had infracaudal luminous tissue, and subadult and adult males supracaudal luminous tissue. There was no apparent sexual dimorphism in size. Some subadult females larger than 40 mm had slightly enlarged ovaries with occasional ova up to 0.3 mm in diameter, but no females had many eggs of this size.
REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE AND SEASONAL ABUNDANCE.—Hygophum reinhardtii may or may not be a breeding resident of the study area. The parent population apparently spawns over most of the year, with a peak in fall. Judging from the maximum size attained in the study area, the life span is about one year. Abundance, although never great, is at a maximum in winter, intermediate in late spring, and least in late summer (Table 74).
Because 13–15 mm juveniles mostly were captured in oblique and crepuscular discrete-depth tows, they were not included in the reckoning of abundance. These small fish were taken over most of the year, appearing in greatest number in late summer, when they accounted for half of all H. reinhardtii taken. The maximum of juveniles in winter (Table 74) is due mostly to fish 20–24 mm. Collections made in June contain no juveniles of any size, which is puzzling. Fish 15 mm or smaller were taken in April and July when most of the small catch (5 of 6 specimens) was 13–15 mm.
Fish 30 mm and larger were taken in low numbers and were not abundant at any season. They were about equally numerous in winter and late spring collections (4 and 5 specimens, respectively), and only one was taken in late summer. The small number of large fish taken in late summer apparently was an accurate reflection of the population structure, for even the larger Engel trawl captured only 19 specimens larger than 30 mm. Several subadult females larger than 40 mm in the Engel collections were the most sexually developed fish taken. The seasonality of both small (13–15 mm) and large fish (greater than 30 mm) suggests a spawning peak in spring, and that spawning occurs most of the year with only a short interruption in late winter or early spring. This protracted breeding season is similar to that for H. reinhardtii found near Hawaii (Clarke, 1973). Clarke also noted that the species matures at a size of approximately 33 mm. However, none of the females that size or larger in the Ocean Acre collections were ripe and only a few showed sexual development. This lack of adult and ripe females casts some doubt on the reproductive status of the species near Bermuda. However, the presence of 13–15 mm juveniles and the 12 mm postlarva suggest that spawning occurs nearby if not in the area.
Abundance was greatest in winter, when juveniles from the spawning peak were best sampled, and decreased until the late summer low was reached (Table 74). Abundance probably was greatest in the fall soon after the spawning peak.
SEX RATIOS.—Females were more numerous in the collections than males at all seasons, with ratios of 2.1:1 in winter, 4.0:1 in late spring and 1.2:1 in late summer (Table 75). Sample sizes in late spring and late summer were too small (less than 10 specimens) to be statistically meaningful. The difference in winter was significant; it was due mostly to juveniles, but subadults also contributed. The difference for juveniles was not significant and the number of subadults was too small to be meaningful.
VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION.—By day eight fish were taken in discrete-depth tows; six in winter and one each in the other two seasons. Seven were taken at 701–850 m, and the remaining one at 1051–1100 m (Table 76). Night catches accounted for 29 fish; 22 in winter, 2 in late spring, and 5 in late summer. In winter fish were taken from 0–200 m and at 551–600 m with slight concentrations at the surface and 101–150 m, in late spring at the surface and 201–250 m, and in late summer at 90 m, 151–250 m, and 851–900 m.
Apparently most fish undergo diel migrations, as only one fish was taken near diurnal depths by night. Migrants included fish 15–43 mm.
- 書目引用
- Gibbs, Robert H., Jr. and Krueger, William H. 1987. "Biology of midwater fishes of the Bermuda Ocean Acre." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-187. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.452
分布
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英語
)
由The Fish Database of Taiwan提供
分布於世界三大洋熱帶及亞熱帶海域。臺灣則發現於東部周邊水域。
利用
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英語
)
由The Fish Database of Taiwan提供
一般以底拖網捕獲，不具食用經濟價值，通常做為下雜魚用。
描述
(
英語
)
由The Fish Database of Taiwan提供
體中等延長，背鰭前方較高，側扁，後部略細。頭中等大。吻很短，鈍圓。眼大，大於吻長。口大，上頜骨狹長而延伸至眼後緣，末端擴大；上下頜、鋤骨及腭骨均具齒。體被大而薄圓鱗，易脫落；側線平直。背鰭單一，位於體中部，具軟條13-15，後部另具一脂鰭；臀鰭基底長於背鰭基底，具軟條21-25；胸鰭基上緣位於瞳孔中心水平線上或其上方；尾鰭叉形，尾鰭副鰭條柔軟。各部位之發光器位置於下：鼻部背位發光器(Dn)小而圓形，位於眼前上方；鼻部腹位發光器(Vn)小而圓形；眶上位發光器(Suo)小而圓形；眶下位發光器(So)無；鰓蓋位發光器(Op)2個，位於前鰓蓋後緣下方，Op1較Op2小，均在眼眶下緣縱線之下；鰓被架位發光器(Br)3個；胸鰭上方發光器(PLO)位於胸鰭與側線間而接近側線；胸鰭下方發光器(PVO)2個，二者呈斜線；胸部發光器(PO)5個，除PO5微隆起外，幾為一直線；腹部發光器(VO)4個，沿腹緣呈水平狀；腹鰭上位發光器(VLO)位於腹鰭和側線之中間；臀鰭上方發光器(SAO)3個，三者排列略呈鈍角狀，SAO1位於VO3的上方；體後側位發光器(Pol)2個，Pol1在最後AOa的後上方，Pol2在脂鰭前下方，側線下緣；臀鰭前部發光器(AOa)5-6個，沿臀鰭基部依次排列；臀鰭後部發光器(AOp)6-7個，沿尾柄腹側水平狀排列；尾鰭前位發光器(Prc)2個，相距較離。尾上腺(SUGL)由3-5個橢圓形發光腺組成；尾下腺(INGL)較小而長，約2-3個；二者周圍皆具黑色素。
棲地
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英語
)
由The Fish Database of Taiwan提供
大洋性中層巡游魚類，具日夜垂直分布習性，白天一般棲息深度可達1,000公尺左右，晚上則上游至水深0-200公尺附近處覓食，以小蝦等甲殼類為食。
Hygophum reinhardtii: Brief Summary
(
加泰隆語
)
由wikipedia CA提供
Hygophum reinhardtii és una espècie de peix de la família dels mictòfids i de l'ordre dels mictofiformes.
Hygophum reinhardtii
(
巴斯克語
)
由wikipedia EU提供
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Hygophum reinhardtii: Brief Summary
(
巴斯克語
)
由wikipedia EU提供
Hygophum reinhardtii Hygophum generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Myctophidae familian sailkatzen da.
萊氏壯燈魚: Brief Summary
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漢語
)
由wikipedia 中文维基百科提供
萊氏壮灯鱼（学名：Hygophum reinhardtii）为輻鰭魚綱燈籠魚目灯笼鱼科壮灯鱼属的鱼类。分布于全球三大洋海域，為深海魚類，棲息深度0-750公尺，體長可達6公分。
Distribution
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英語
)
由World Register of Marine Species提供
Sable Island Bank to subtropical convergence, but absent over minimum region off Brazil and lower abundance in Sargasso Sea
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
Habitat
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英語
)
由World Register of Marine Species提供
Found from the surface to 200 m at night, below 1000 m during day.
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
Habitat
(
英語
)
由World Register of Marine Species提供
nektonic
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
Habitat
(
英語
)
由World Register of Marine Species提供
Known from seamounts and knolls
Stocks, K. 2009. Seamounts Online: an online information system for seamount biology. Version 2009-1. World Wide Web electronic publication.
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