Ilisha melastoma (Bloch & Schneider 1801)

Occurs in coastal waters but enters estuaries and presumably able to tolerate lowered salinities (Ref. 188); also inhabits coral reefs (Ref. 58534). Feeds on plankton (probably small crustaceans, etc.) (Ref. 188).

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 35 - 48

Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).

Belly with usually 17 to 21 + 8 or 9, total 25 to 30 scutes. Eye large, lower jaw projecting. Dorsal fin origin a little before midpoint of body; anal fin origin under hind part of dorsal fin base. Vertical striae on scales traversing whole scale or overlapping across center of scale. Swim bladder with two tubes passing back in the muscles on either side of haemal spines.

Occurs in coastal waters but enters estuaries and presumably able to tolerate lowered salinities. Feeds on plankton (probably small crustaceans, etc.).

fisheries: minor commercial; price category: high; price reliability: unreliable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this order

分布於印度-西太平洋區，西起印度、新加坡，北至東海及臺灣，南至阿拉夫拉海等皆產。臺灣分布於北部、西部及澎湖海域等。

一般個體較少，產量不多，較不具經濟價值。但仍可供鮮食。一般以流刺網捕獲。

體延長而略高，甚側扁。背緣窄；腹緣有完整之稜鱗，腹鰭前19-21個，腹鰭後8-9個。頭中大，側扁。吻短鈍，上翹，吻長明顯短於眼徑。口中大，向上傾斜而近垂直；上頜骨末端圓形且不延長，僅可達眼睛前線之下方；下頜的前端向上突出；兩頜、腭骨及舌上具細齒；鰓耙較粗，邊緣具小刺，第一鰓弓下枝鰓耙數20-24。體被圓鱗，鱗中大，易脫落，無側線；縱列鱗數多於45枚。背鰭起始於體中部，具17-18軟條；臀鰭長，具38-42分枝之軟條；腹鰭甚小，其長短於眼徑；尾鰭叉形。體背淡綠色，體側銀白色；背鰭及尾鰭淡黃綠色；餘鰭色淡。

為淺海中上層洄游魚類。游泳速度快，喜群居。白天多活動於中下層水域，黃昏、晚上、黎明或陰天則活動於中上層水域。有時可進入河口域，甚至低鹽度的水域。主要浮游甲殼類動物為食。

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Ilisha melastoma Ilisha generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Pristigasteridae familian sailkatzen da.

Cá bẹ Ấn Độ, tên khoa học Ilisha melastoma, là một loài cá trong họ Pristigasteridae.

黑口鰳（学名：Ilisha melastoma），又名短鰳、印度鰳、圓眼仔，为鲱科鳓属的鱼类，分布于印度西太平洋半鹹水、海域，深度0-50公尺，體長可達17公分，棲息在沿海、河口區，可容忍低鹽度水域，以浮游生物為食，生活習性不明，可做為食用魚。