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Lifespan, longevity, and ageing

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Observations: Little is known about the longevity of these animals, though they have been reported to live up to 4 years in the wild (Klimkiewicz and Futcher 1989). Considering the longevity of similar species, maximum longevity could be significantly underestimated.
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無標題 ( 英語 )

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Prolonged hovering and flying backwards are unique to hummingbirds. This amazing flight ability requires huge amount of food (caloric input) in order to sustain the flights. This is why hummingbirds have to constantly be feeding during the day and go torpid at night. If a human used energy at the rate that a hummingbird does, he/she would have to consume about four hundred pounds of potatoes and a thousand quarter-pound hamburgers every day.

(Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum 1998)

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Pineda, N. 2001. "Selasphorus sasin" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Selasphorus_sasin.html
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Behavior ( 英語 )

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Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical

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Pineda, N. 2001. "Selasphorus sasin" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Selasphorus_sasin.html
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Conservation Status ( 英語 )

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US Federal List: no special status

CITES: appendix ii

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

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Benefits ( 英語 )

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There is neither positive nor negative economic importance for the Allen's Hummingbird, but they do help in the pollination of flowers.

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Trophic Strategy ( 英語 )

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Allen's Hummingbird has a long narrow bill and long tongue. This feature allows it to obtain nectar from flowers. They feed every ten to fifteen minutes and visit approximately 1,000 flowers a day. Nectar is their main source of energy, but they also obtain protein from small insects like flies, ants, small beetles, tiny wasps, and other small insects. Because the hovering flight used by these birds to gather nectar requires phenomenal amounts of energy, the Allen's hummingbird has to consume over twice its weight of nectar each day.

(Cassidy 1990, Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum 1998, Stokes 1989)

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Distribution ( 英語 )

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Allen's Hummingbird, Selasphorus sasin, is a migratory bird which summers along the pacific coast of the United States from Oregon to southern California. During the winter it migrates to northwestern Mexico.

(Peterson 1990, Terres 1980)

Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native )

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Habitat ( 英語 )

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The Allen's Hummingbirds can be found in bushy woods, gardens, flower filled mountain meadows, and parks.

(Cassidy 1990, Stokes 1996)

Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland ; forest

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Life Expectancy ( 英語 )

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Average lifespan
Status: wild:
48 months.

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Morphology ( 英語 )

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Allen's Hummingbirds are among the smallest birds, they are only 7.5 to 9 cm (3-3.5 in.) long and typically weigh a little over 3 grams (0.1 oz.). In appearance they resemble their closest relative, the Rufous Hummingbird. A male Allen's hummingbird has a fiery red-orange throat, white collar, and metallic green on its back and cap. The female's upper body is green. The tail and sides are orange-brown and the throat and central belly is white with iridescent dots on its throat.

(Stokes 1996, Farrand 1988, Terres 1980)

Average mass: 3 g.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry

Average mass: 3 g.

Average basal metabolic rate: 0.06853 W.

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Reproduction ( 英語 )

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Female Allen's hummingbirds usually start building their nest before they mate. After mating the female alone has to finish the half built nest. She uses moss, bits of vegetation, spider webs, bark flakes, and pine needles to finish the cup-shaped nest. This nest is only about 4 cm (1.5 in.) from top to bottom and 4-5 cm (1.5-2 in.) in diameter. She lays only two eggs, which are about 1 cm (1/2 in.).

The female alone incubates the eggs for about 16 to 22 days. Once the baby hummingbirds are hatched, the mother fearlessly protects her young. She alone has the duty to feed them until they are ready to leave the nest. She feeds them by inserting her bill into the baby's mouth and regurgitating food from her crop. Chicks usually fledge (leave the nest) in about 22 days and are immediately independant of their mother.

(Baicich 1997, Ehrlich 1988, Terres 1980, Stokes 1989)

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; oviparous

Average time to hatching: 16 days.

Average eggs per season: 2.

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Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由EOL authors提供
Allen's Hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin) is a common hummingbird that breeds in coastal California and southwestern Oregon (U.S.A.) and winters mainly in Mexico, although it is found casually in winter along the Gulf Coast of the southeastern United States. The population on California's Channel Islands and the nearby mainland is nonmigratory. This is one of the two common nesting hummingbirds in northern California gardens (the other being Anna's Hummingbird, Calypte anna). This species is closely related to the Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), its more northern and more broadly distributed counterpart. Females and immatures of these two species are nearly impossible to distinguish in the field, but adult males can usually be distinguished by back color (typically solid green in Allen's and mostly rufous in Rufous). Breeding Allen's Hummingbirds are found in wooded or brushy canyons, parks, gardens, and mountain meadows. In general, this species seems to have adapted fairly well to moderately developed residential areas. In their wintering range in Mexico, Allen's Hummingbirds are found mainly in foothill and mountain forests. They frequently feed at red tubular flowers. The nest site is typically on a horizontal or diagonal branch in a tree or shrub, generally low but sometimes up to 27 m above the ground. The nest, built by the female alone, is a neatly constructed cup of moss and plant fibers held together with pieces of spider web and lined with fine plant down, The outside is camouflaged with pieces of lichen. Old nests may be repaired and re-used. The clutch of two white eggs is incubated by the female alone for 17 to 22 days; the female is also solely responsible for feeding the young after hatching.The nest reportedly stretches as the young birds grow. Age at first flight is around 22 to 25 days. Male Allen's Hummingbirds exhibit a J-shaped courtship display flight: flying high, diving steeply with a metallic whine at the bottom of the dive, then curving up to hover at moderate height. This is often preceded by a back-and-forth pendulum-like flight in front of the female. (Kaufman 1996; AOU 1998)
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Selasphorus sasin ( 阿斯圖里亞斯語 )

由wikipedia AST提供

Selasphorus sasin) ye una especie de picaflor de la familia Trochilidae. Ye un pequeñu ave con un llargor d'aprosimao 7,5—9 cm. La so área de distribución inclúi Estaos Xuníos, Méxicu, ya incidentalmente Canadá.[1]

Subespecies

Estrémense dos subespecies reconocíes, incluyendo la subespecie nominal:[2]

Referencies

  1. 1,0 1,1 BirdLife International. «Selasphorus sasin» (inglés). Llista Roxa d'especies amenazaes de la UICN 2011.2.
  2. Sistema Integráu d'Información Taxonómica. «Selasphorus sasin (TSN 178040)» (inglés).

Enllaces esternos

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Selasphorus sasin: Brief Summary ( 阿斯圖里亞斯語 )

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Selasphorus sasin

Selasphorus sasin) ye una especie de picaflor de la familia Trochilidae. Ye un pequeñu ave con un llargor d'aprosimao 7,5—9 cm. La so área de distribución inclúi Estaos Xuníos, Méxicu, ya incidentalmente Canadá.

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Colibrí d'Allen ( 加泰隆語 )

由wikipedia CA提供

El colibrí d'Allen (Selasphorus sasin) és un ocell de la família dels troquílids (Trochilidae) d'hàbits migratoris.

Descripció

  • Fa una llargària de 75 - 90 mm.
  • Mascle amb dors i front verd, flancs i cua rogenc. Gola amb un pegat iridescent vermell-taronja.
  • Femella amb una sèrie de taques a la gola en lloc de les iridescències del mascle. Color general verd amb rogenc a la cua, amb puntes blanques.
  • Immaturs molt semblants a la femella.

Hàbitat i distribució

 src=
Distribució de S.sasin
Taronja: Hivern.
Verd: Tot l'any.
Blau: Estiu.

Habita zones de bosc de coníferes, arbusts, praderies i jardins, criant a prop de la costa del sud-oest d'Oregon i Califòrnia. La subespècie nominal és migratòria, passant l'hivern a la zona central de Mèxic, mentre que la subespècie sedentarius és resident durant tot l'any a les Illes Santa Bàrbara i des de la dècada de 1960, en algunes zones de la costa de Califòrnia.[1]

Subespècies

S'han descrit dues subespècies:

  • Selasphorus sasin sasin (Lesson) 1829.
  • Selasphorus sasin sedentarius (Grinnell) 1929.

Reproducció

 src=
Femella al niu

El colibrí d'Allen construeix el niu sobre el sòl o una branca d'arbre, amb fibres vegetals i tiges, cobrint aquesta estructura amb líquens. La femella pon dos ous blancs, que covarà durant 15 a 17 dies. Els joves deixen el niu tres setmanes després de l'eclosió i la femella continuarà alimentant-los durant unes quantes setmanes més.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Colibrí d'Allen Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
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Colibrí d'Allen: Brief Summary ( 加泰隆語 )

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El colibrí d'Allen (Selasphorus sasin) és un ocell de la família dels troquílids (Trochilidae) d'hàbits migratoris.

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Sïedn Allen ( 威爾斯語 )

由wikipedia CY提供

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Sïedn Allen (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: sïednod Allen) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Selasphorus sasin; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Allen's hummingbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Sïednod (Lladin: Trochilidae) sydd yn urdd y Apodiformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn S. sasin, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yng Ngogledd America.

Gall fwyta neithdar o fewn blodau, ac wrth ymestyn i'w gyrraedd, mae'n rwbio'n erbyn y paill ac yn ei gario i flodyn arall gan ei ffrwythloni.

Teulu

Mae'r sïedn Allen yn perthyn i deulu'r Sïednod (Lladin: Trochilidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Seren goed torch biws Myrtis fanny Sïedn cleddbig Ensifera ensifera
Sword-billed Hummingbird (Ensifera ensifera).jpg
Sïedn clustfioled brown Colibri delphinae
050305 Brown Violet-ear crop.jpg
Sïedn clustfioled tinwyn Colibri serrirostris
White-Vented Violetear.JPG
Sïedn cynffonnog coch Sappho sparganurus
Sappho sparganura.jpg
Sïedn cynffonnog efydd Polyonymus caroli
MonographTrochi3Goul 0252.jpg
Sïedn dreinbig melynwyrdd Chalcostigma olivaceum
Histoirenaturell00muls 0053.jpg
Sïedn gên emrallt Abeillia abeillei
MonographTrochi4Goul 0042.jpg
Sïedn y werddon Rhodopis vesper
Hummingbird Incubating3.jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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Sïedn Allen: Brief Summary ( 威爾斯語 )

由wikipedia CY提供

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Sïedn Allen (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: sïednod Allen) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Selasphorus sasin; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Allen's hummingbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Sïednod (Lladin: Trochilidae) sydd yn urdd y Apodiformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn S. sasin, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yng Ngogledd America.

Gall fwyta neithdar o fewn blodau, ac wrth ymestyn i'w gyrraedd, mae'n rwbio'n erbyn y paill ac yn ei gario i flodyn arall gan ei ffrwythloni.

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Allenkolibri ( 德語 )

由wikipedia DE提供

Der Allenkolibri oder auch Grünrücken-Zimtelfe (Selasphorus sasin) ist eine Vogelart aus der Familie der Kolibris (Trochilidae).

Merkmale

Die Körperlänge beträgt 75–90 mm, das Körpergewicht maximal etwas über 3 g. Männchen unterscheiden sich von den Weibchen in der Gefiederfärbung deutlich (Sexualdimorphismus). Kopfseiten, Kehle, Flanken, unterer Rücken und Schwanz sind leuchtend rot, Hals und obere Brust sind weiß. Der Oberkopf und der obere und mittlere Rücken sind metallisch grün.

Die Weibchen sind deutlich weniger bunt, ihre Oberseite ist einfarbig grün, die Unterseite überwiegend weiß. Die Flanken sind rötlich überhaucht. Kehle und Kopfseiten zeigen eine kräftige Zeichnung aus violetten und grünen Punkten. Junge Männchen ähneln in der Gefiederfärbung den Weibchen.

Verbreitung

 src=
Orange: Brutareal der ziehenden Unterart
Blau: Winterquartier der ziehenden Unterart
Grün: Brutareal der Standvögel

Das relativ kleine Verbreitungsgebiet des Allenkolibris ist auf einen schmalen Streifen entlang der Pazifikküste der USA vom Süden Oregons bis in den Süden Kaliforniens beschränkt. Die Art bewohnt nebelfeuchte Gebüschstreifen und Weidengehölze entlang der Küste; im Süden kommt sie in gemischten Beständen aus verschiedenen Nadelgehölzen, wie zum Beispiel Douglastannen, Kiefern und Zypressen, aber auch am Rande von Eukalyptuspflanzungen und lichten Eichenwäldern vor. Auf den Kanalinseln brütet die Art vornehmlich im dichten, nur mit einzelnen Bäumen bestandenen Chaparral. Weiter als dreißig Kilometer dringt dieser Kolibri nicht ins Landesinnere vor.[1]

Brutbiologie

 src=
Jugendlich

Der Allenkolibri ist polygyn. Die zuerst ankommenden Männchen besetzen ein Brutterritorium; die später ankommenden Weibchen errichten eigene Nistplatzterritorien, die meist mit Männchenrevieren überlappen. Nestbau und Aufzucht der Jungen obliegt allein dem Weibchen. Das Nest ist ein recht stabiler Napf, der in 10 bis 16 Tagen, in der Regel jedes Jahr neu, errichtet wird. Das Gelege besteht aus zwei Eiern, die wetterabhängig zwischen 17 und 21 Tagen bebrütet werden. Nach einer Nestlingszeit von durchschnittlich 22 Tagen fliegen die Jungvögel aus. In den südlichen Brutgebieten werden meist zwei Bruten hochgebracht, in den nördlichen in der Regel nur eine. Partnerwechsel zwischen Erst- und Zweitbrut kommt vor, ob er häufig ist, ist nicht bekannt.[2]

Wanderungen

Allenkolibris verlassen ihre Brutgebiete schon sehr früh; zuerst ziehen die Männchen ab, danach die Weibchen und Mitte Juli haben auch die diesjährigen Jungvögel die Brutgebiete verlassen. Der Wegzug erfolgt inlands, entlang der Abhänge der Küstengebirge, wohl um Blütenpflanzen der höher gelegenen Gebiete zu nutzen. Ende August bis Anfang September erscheinen die ersten Zieher in den Überwinterungsgebieten in Zentralmexiko. Schon Ende November, spätestens jedoch Ende Dezember werden diese Gebiete wieder verlassen. Der Nordzug folgt weitgehend der Küstenlinie; nun können die Frühblüher dieser Regionen als Nektarlieferanten aufgesucht werden. Die spätesten Ankömmlinge erreichen Mitte März die Brutgebiete.[3]

Systematik

Der nächste Verwandte ist die Rotrücken-Zimtelfe, mit der der Allenkolibri in Südoregon sympatrisch vorkommt und gelegentlich hybridisiert. Vom Allenkolibri werden zwei Unterarten beschrieben[4], die sich in Färbung und Aussehen nur unwesentlich, wohl aber im Verhalten unterscheiden. Selasphorus sasin sasin ist ein obligater Mittelstreckenzieher mit Überwinterungsgebieten in Zentralmexiko, Der geringfügig größere Selasphorus sasin sedentarius Grinnell, 1929[5], der auf einigen der kalifornischen Kanalinseln sowie in einem kleinen Bereich des nahegelegenen Festlandes, insbesondere im Umland von Los Angeles vorkommt, ist ein Standvogel.[6]

Etymologie und Forschungsgeschichte

René Primevère Lesson beschrieb den Allenkolibri unter dem Namen Ornismya Sasin. Als Fundort nannte er Nootka Sound, San Francisco und Monterrey.[7] Es war James Cook, der ihn erstmals als eine Varietät des Rubinkehlkolibri (Archilochus colubris) erwähnte.[8] Schließlich fiel es John Latham zu, den Kolibri unter dem Namen Ruff necked Humming Bird zu beschreiben.[9] Erst später wurde er der 1832 von William Swainson neu eingeführten Gattung Selasphorus zugeordnet.[10] Dieser Name ist ein griechisches Wortgebilde aus »selas σελας« für »Licht, Flamme« und »-phoros, pherō -φορος, φερω« für »-tragend, tragen«.[11] Das Artepitheton »sasin« bedeutet in der Sprache der Wakashan bzw. der Nootka »Kolibri«.[12] Das lateinische »sedentarius« steht für »sesshaft, sitzend«, was sich wiederum von »sedere« für »sitzen« ableitet.[11]

Quellen

  1. Mitchell (2000) Distribution
  2. Mitchell (2000) Breeding
  3. Mitchell (2000) Migration
  4. IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  5. Joseph Grinnell, S. 226
  6. Mitchell (2000) Systematics
  7. René Primevère Lesson, S. 190, mehr Infos S. XXX, S. 190–193, Tafeln 66, 67
  8. James Cook, S. 297
  9. John Latham, S. 785, Tafel 35
  10. William Swainson, S. 324. Bemerkung: Auch wenn auf dem Buchtitel 1831 als Publikationsjahr steht, erschien das Werk erst 1832.
  11. a b James A. Jobling, S. 352
  12. James A. Jobling, S. 348

Literatur

  • Donald E. Mitchell: Allen's Hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology (2000) (Online-Version /Spezies 501)
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  • René Primevère Lesson: Histoire naturelle des oiseaux-mouches, ouvrage orné de planches desinées et gravée par les meilleurs artistes et dédié A S. A. R. Mademoiselle 81 Tafeln (Prêtre, Antoine Germaine Bévalet, Marie Clémence Lesson nach Louis Pierre Vieillot, Antoine Charles Vauthier nach William Swainson, Pancrace Bessa, Elisa Zoé Dumont de Sainte Croix). Arthus-Bertrand, Paris 1829 (online [abgerufen am 27. Juni 2014]).
  • Joseph Grinnell: A New Race of Hummingbird from South Carolina. In: The Condor. Band 31, Nr. 5, 1929, S. 226–227 (online [PDF; 177 kB; abgerufen am 27. Juni 2014]).
  • William Swainson in William Swainson, John Richardson: Fauna boreali-americana, or, The zoology of the northern parts of British America: containing descriptions of the objects of natural history collected on the late northern land expeditions, under command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. Band 2 (Birds). John Murray, London 1832 (online [abgerufen am 27. Juni 2014]).
  • James Cook: A voyage to the Pacific ocean. Undertaken, by the command of His Majesty, for making discoveries in the Northern hemisphere, to determine the position and extent of the west side of North America; its distance from Asia; and the practicability of a northern passage to Europe. Performed under the direction of Captains Cook, Clerke, and Gore, in His Majesty's ships the Resolution and Discovery, in the years 1776, 1777, 1778, 1779, and 1780. Band 2. W. and a. Strahan, London 1782 (online [abgerufen am 27. Juni 2014]).
  • John Latham: A general synopsis of birds. Band 1, Nr. 2. Benj. White, London 1782 (online [abgerufen am 27. Juni 2014]).

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Allenkolibri: Brief Summary ( 德語 )

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Der Allenkolibri oder auch Grünrücken-Zimtelfe (Selasphorus sasin) ist eine Vogelart aus der Familie der Kolibris (Trochilidae).

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Allen's hummingbird ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Allen's hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin) is a species of hummingbird that breeds in the western United States. It is one of seven species in the genus Selasphorus.

Description

Allen's hummingbird is a small bird, with mature adults reaching only 3 to 3.5 in (76 to 89 mm) in length. The male has a green back and forehead, with rust-colored (rufous) flanks, rump, and tail. The male's throat is an iridescent orange-red. The female and immature Allen's hummingbirds are similarly colored, but lack the iridescent throat patch, instead having a series of speckles on their throats. Females are mostly green, featuring rufous color only on the tail, which also has white tips. Immature Allen's hummingbirds are so similar to the female rufous hummingbird, the two are almost indistinguishable in the field. The lack of a notch in the second rectrix (R2) is considered an important field mark to distinguish the adult male Allen's hummingbird from rufous hummingbird, particularly the hard to distinguish green-backed variety.[3] Both species' breeding seasons and ranges are common factors used to differentiate between the two species in a particular geographical area.

Taxonomy

Allen's hummingbird was formally described by the French naturalist René Lesson in 1829 and given the binomial name Ornismya sasin.[4] The specific epithet is a Wakashan or Nootka Native American name for a hummingbird.[5] The type locality is San Francisco.[6] Allen's hummingbird is now placed in the genus Selasphorus that was introduced by William Swainson in 1832.[7][8] The common name commemorates Charles Andrew Allen, an American collector and taxidermist who identified the bird in 1879 in Nicasio, California.[9]

Two subspecies are recognised:[8]

  • S. s. sasin (Lesson, R, 1829) – breeds south Oregon and California (USA), winters in south central Mexico
  • S. s. sedentarius Grinnell, 1929 – islands off south California (USA)

A hybrid between this species and Anna's hummingbird has been described as Floresi's hummingbird, "Selasphorus" floresii.[10][11]

Distribution

Allen's hummingbird is common only in the brushy woods, gardens, and meadows of coastal California from Santa Barbara north, and southern coastal Oregon. The nominate race, S. s. sasin, is migratory, and in southern central Mexico. A second, S. s. sedentarius, is a permanent resident on the Channel Islands off southern California.[12] This population colonized the Palos Verdes Peninsula of Los Angeles County in the 1960s and has since spread over much of Los Angeles and Orange Counties, south through San Diego County, and east to the western end of Riverside County.

Behavior

Male Allen's hummingbird

The courtship flight of male Allen's hummingbirds is a frantic back-and-forth flight arc of about 25 ft (7.6 m) similar to the motion of a swinging pendulum, followed by a high-speed dive from about 100 ft (30 m) during which tail feathers emit a characteristic sharp flutter to further attract attention of the female.[13] Aggressive and territorial, male Allen's hummingbirds will chase any other males from their territory, as well as any other hummingbird species, and have even been known to attack and rout predatory birds several times larger than themselves, such as kestrels and hawks.

Allen's hummingbird constructs its nest out of plant fibers, down, and weed stems, coating the nest with lichens and spider webs to give it structure. The nest is placed above ground on a tree branch or the stalk or stem of a plant. The female lays one or two white eggs, which she incubates for 15 to 17 days. The young leave the nest about three weeks after hatching. The mother continues to feed the fledglings for several more weeks, then the young are left to fend for themselves.

Like all hummingbirds, Allen's hummingbird's high rate of metabolism requires it to feed frequently. It drinks nectar from flowers and eats any small insects in flight or on flower blossoms, providing needed protein.

Gallery

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Selasphorus sasin". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22688299A131283791. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22688299A131283791.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^ Pyle, Peter (1997). Identification Guide to North American Birds, Part I: Columbidae to Ploceidae. Steve N. G. Howell, Siobhan Ruck, Institute for Bird Populations, Point Reyes Bird Observatory. Bolinas, Calif.: Slate Creek Press. ISBN 0-9618940-2-4. OCLC 38593534.
  4. ^ Lesson, René P. (1829). Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux-Mouches (in French). Paris: Arthus Bertrand. pp. xxx–xxxi, 190–193, Plates 66, 67.
  5. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 348. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  6. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 142.
  7. ^ Swainson, William John; Richardson, J. (1831). Fauna boreali-americana, or, The zoology of the northern parts of British America. Vol. Part 2. The Birds. London: J. Murray. p. 324. The title page bears the year 1831 but the volume did not appear until 1832.
  8. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2021). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 11.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
  9. ^ Bendire, Charles (1895). Life Histories of North American Birds, from the Parrots to the Grackles. Washington, DC, USA: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 217. LCCN 03018191.
  10. ^ Ridgway, Robert (1909). "Hybridism and generic characters in the Trochilidae" (PDF). Auk. 26 (4): 440–442. doi:10.2307/4071292. JSTOR 4071292.
  11. ^ Taylor, Walter P. (1909). "An instance of hybridization in hummingbirds, with remarks on the weight of generic characters in the Trochilidae" (PDF). Auk. 26 (3): 291–293. doi:10.2307/4070800. JSTOR 4070800.
  12. ^ Clark, C.J.; Mitchell, D.E. (2020). Poole, A.F. (ed.). "Allen's Hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin), version 1.0". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.allhum.01. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
  13. ^ Clark, C. J. (2014). "Harmonic hopping, and both punctuated and gradual evolution of acoustic characters in Selasphorus hummingbird tail-feathers". PLOS ONE. 9 (4): e93829. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...993829C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093829. PMC 3983109. PMID 24722049.

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Allen's hummingbird: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Allen's hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin) is a species of hummingbird that breeds in the western United States. It is one of seven species in the genus Selasphorus.

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Selasphorus sasin ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

El colibrí de Allen (Selasphorus sasin) es una especie de picaflor de la familia Trochilidae. Es un pequeño ave con una longitud de aproximadamente 7,5—9 cm. Su área de distribución incluye Estados Unidos, México, e incidentalmente Canadá.[1]

Subespecies

Se distinguen dos subespecies reconocidas, incluyendo la subespecie nominal:[2]

Referencias

  1. a b BirdLife International (2009). «Selasphorus sasin». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2011.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 18 de noviembre de 2011.
  2. Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica. «Selasphorus sasin (TSN 178040)» (en inglés).

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Selasphorus sasin: Brief Summary ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

El colibrí de Allen (Selasphorus sasin) es una especie de picaflor de la familia Trochilidae. Es un pequeño ave con una longitud de aproximadamente 7,5—9 cm. Su área de distribución incluye Estados Unidos, México, e incidentalmente Canadá.​

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Selasphorus sasin ( 巴斯克語 )

由wikipedia EU提供

Selasphorus sasin Selasphorus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Trochilidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
  2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Selasphorus sasin: Brief Summary ( 巴斯克語 )

由wikipedia EU提供

Selasphorus sasin Selasphorus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Trochilidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Colibri d'Allen ( 法語 )

由wikipedia FR提供

Selasphorus sasin

Le Colibri d'Allen (Selasphorus sasin) est une espèce d'oiseau de la famille des Trochilidae.

Description

 src=

Sous-espèces

D'après Alan P. Peterson, il existe deux sous-espèces :

  • Selasphorus sasin sasin (Lesson, 1829) ;
  • Selasphorus sasin sedentarius Grinnell, 1929.
 src=
Carte de répartition de l'espèce
  • Zone de nidification
  • Zone de nidification et d'hivernage
  • Zone d'hivernage

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Colibri d'Allen: Brief Summary ( 法語 )

由wikipedia FR提供

Selasphorus sasin

Le Colibri d'Allen (Selasphorus sasin) est une espèce d'oiseau de la famille des Trochilidae.

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Selasphorus sasin ( 義大利語 )

由wikipedia IT提供

Il colibrì di Allen (Selasphorus sasin (Lesson, 1829)) è un uccello della famiglia Trochilidae.[2]

Descrizione

Il colibrì di Allen da adulto misura dai 75 ai 90 mm di lunghezza. Il maschio ha una colorazione verde sul fronte e sul dorso, mentre è di color ruggine sulla coda e sui fianchi, sotto il becco invece è di colore rosso/arancio iridescente. La femmina e i novelli sono dello stesso colore, si differenziano dal maschio in quanto sulla gola non hanno la colorazione iridescente ma una serie di macchioline. Le femmine sono prevalentemente verdi, hanno una colorazione ruggine solo sulla coda nella quale ha anche punte di bianco. I novelli sono simili alla femmina di colibrì rosso (Selasphorus rufus) e sono indistinguibili.

Distribuzione e habitat

È presente solamente nei boschi, nei giardini e nelle zone costiere a nord di Santa Barbara in California e in piccola parte in Oregon. Il nome comune è dedicato ad Charles Andrew Allen (1841-1930), collezionista e tassidermista americano. Un ibrido tra questa specie e il colibrì di Anna (Calypte anna) è stato descritto come Colibrì Flores, Selasphorus floresii.[3][4]

Galleria d'immagini

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Selasphorus sasin, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) Gill F. and Donsker D. (eds), Family Trochilidae, in IOC World Bird Names (ver 9.2), International Ornithologists’ Union, 2019. URL consultato il 7 maggio 2014.
  3. ^ Ridgway, 1909
  4. ^ Taylor, 1909

Bibliografia

  • Ridgway Robert (1909). Hybridism and Generic Characters in the Trochilidae. Auk 26(4): 440-442. PDF fulltext
  • Taylor Walter P. (1909). An instance of hybridization in hummingbirds, with remarks on the weight of generic characters in the Trochilidae. Auk 26(3): 291-293. PDF fulltext

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Selasphorus sasin: Brief Summary ( 義大利語 )

由wikipedia IT提供

Il colibrì di Allen (Selasphorus sasin (Lesson, 1829)) è un uccello della famiglia Trochilidae.

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Allens kolibrie ( 荷蘭、佛萊明語 )

由wikipedia NL提供

Vogels

De Allens kolibrie (Selasphorus sasin) is een vogel uit de familie Trochilidae (kolibries).

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort komt voor in westelijk Noord-Amerika en telt 2 ondersoorten:

  • Selasphorus sasin sasin: zuidelijk Oregon en Californië.
  • Selasphorus sasin sedentarius: de eilanden nabij zuidelijk Californië.

Externe link

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Allens kolibrie: Brief Summary ( 荷蘭、佛萊明語 )

由wikipedia NL提供

De Allens kolibrie (Selasphorus sasin) is een vogel uit de familie Trochilidae (kolibries).

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Allens kolibri ( 瑞典語 )

由wikipedia SV提供

Allens kolibri[2] (Selasphorus sasin) är en fågel i familjen kolibrier inom ordningen seglar- och kolibrifåglar.[3] IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.[1]

Underarter

Allens kolibri delas in i två underarter:[4]

Fotografier

Noter

  1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2012 Selasphorus sasin Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2016) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter Arkiverad 18 oktober 2014 hämtat från the Wayback Machine., läst 2016-02-10
  3. ^ Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2016. IOC World Bird List (v 6.4). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.6.4.
  4. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2015) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2015 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2016-02-11

Externa länkar

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Allens kolibri: Brief Summary ( 瑞典語 )

由wikipedia SV提供

Allens kolibri (Selasphorus sasin) är en fågel i familjen kolibrier inom ordningen seglar- och kolibrifåglar. IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.

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Selasphorus sasin ( 土耳其語 )

由wikipedia TR提供
Binominal adı Selasphorus sasin
(Lesson, 1829)  Yaz konuğu Yaz ve kış konuğu Kış konuğu
Yaz konuğu
Yaz ve kış konuğu
Kış konuğu

Selasphorus sasin, sinek kuşugiller familyasından küçük bir sinek kuşu türüdür.

Fiziksel nitelikler

Selasphorus sasin, erişkinlerinin boyu 75 ila 90 mm'ye ulaşan küçük bir kuştur. Erişkin erkek kuşun sırtı ve alnı yeşil renklidir. Yan, kuyruksokumu ve kuyruk tüyleri ise pas kırmızı rengindedir. Erkeklerin boynu yanardöner turuncu ve kırmızı renklerdedir. Erişkin dişiler ve erişkin olmayan kuşların da renkleri aynıdır ancak boyunlarında yanardöner renklerde olan leke bulunmaz, bunun yerine bir dizi benek bulunur. Erişikin dişilerin tüyleri genel olarak yeşil renklidir ve pas kırmızısı renkli tüyler uçları beyaz olan kuyruklarında bulunur. Erişkin olmayan S. sasin kuşlar dişi kızıl sinek kuşu ile çok büyük benzerlik gösterirler ve sahada birbirlerinden ayırtedilemeyebilirler. Belirli bir coğrafi bölgede iki türü birbirinden ayırtedebilmek için her iki türün üreme dönemleri ve dağılımları dikkate alınır.

 src=
Erişkin erkek Selasphorus sasin. Yanardöner turuncu-kırmızı boyun tüyleri belirgin olarak görülmektedir.


Yaşam alanları, dağılımı ve alttürleri

Selasphorus sasin türü ABD'nin Kaliforniya eyaletinin, kuzeyde Santa Barbara'dan itibaren olmak üzere, kıyılarında ve Oregon eyaletinin en ucunda çalılıklı ormanlarda, bahçelerde ve meralarda yaygın olarak bulunur. Bu türe adını veren S.s. sasin alt türü göçmendir ve kışları Meksika'nın orta bölgesinin Pasifik kıyısında geçirir. İkinci bir ırk olan S.s. sedentarius ise Kaliforniya'nın güneyinde açıklarda bulunan Channel Adalarında yerleşik olarak yaşar. Bu popülasyon 1960'larda Los Angeles County'sinin Palos Verdes Yarımadasına koloni olarak yayılmıştır ve o zamandan beri Los Angeles ve Orange County'lerine yayılmıştır.

Davranışı

Erkek erişkin kuşların kur uçuşları sarkacın sallanmasına benzeyen 10 metrelik bir yay üzerinde ileri geri hummalı bir uçuş ve bunu takiben 30 metre irtifadan yüksek hızlı bir dalış manevrasından ibarettir. Erkek kuşlar oldukça saldırgandır ve bölgelerini korurlar. Küçük boyutuna rağmen kızgın mizaçlı olan bu türün erkekleri, diğer erkekleri ve sinek kuşu türlerini bölgelerinden kovalarlar. Hatta kendilerinden katbekat büyük olan kerkenez ve atmaca gibi yırtıcı kuşlara da saldırdıkları ve kovaladıkları bilinmektedir.

Üreme ve beslenme

Yuvasını bitki liflerinden, hav tüylerden ve ot saplarından yapar. Yuvanın yapısallığını kapladıkları likenler sağlar. Yuva yerden yukarıya, ya bir ağaç dalına ya da bir bitkinin sapına yapılır. Dişi kuş 15 ila 17 gün arası kuluçkaya yatmak üzere iki beyaz yumurta yumurtlar. Yavrular yumurtadan çıktıktan üç hafta sonra yuvadan ayrılır. Ana kuş bu yavruları birkaç hafta daha besler sonrasında genç kuşlar kendi başlarının çaresine bakar.

 src=
Selasphorus sasin beslenirken.

Tüm sinek kuşları gibi bu türün de yüksek metabolizması çok sık olarak, yaklaşık her saat başı beslenmesini gerektir. Çiçeklerden nektar içtikleri gibi çiçek tomurcuklarının yanında sürünen küçük böcekleri de yiyerek protein ihtiyaçlarını karşılarlar.

Kaynakça

  • BirdLife International (2004). Selasphorus sasin. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Ridgway, Robert (1909): Hybridism and Generic Characters in the Trochilidae. Auk, 26(4): 440-442. PDF tam metin
  • Taylor, Walter P. (1909): An instance of hybridization in hummingbirds, with remarks on the weight of generic characters in the Trochilidae. Auk, 26(3): 291-293. PDF tam metin

Dış bağlantılar

 src= Wikimedia Commons'ta Selasphorus sasin ile ilgili medyaları bulabilirsiniz.
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Selasphorus sasin: Brief Summary ( 土耳其語 )

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Selasphorus sasin, sinek kuşugiller familyasından küçük bir sinek kuşu türüdür.

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Selasphorus sasin ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Selasphorus sasin là một loài chim trong họ Trochilidae.[1] Đây là loài chim nhỏ, chim trưởng thành chỉ đạt 3 đến 3 ½ inch (75–90 mm). Chim trống có lưng và trán màu xanh lá cây, với hông, đít và đuôi màu nâu đỏ rỉ sắt. Cổ họng của chim trống có màu đỏ da óng ánh. Chim mái và chim chưa trưởng thành có kiểu màu tương tự nhưng thiếu mảng cổ họng màu đỏ cam óng ánh, thay vào đó có một loạt các đốm trên cổ họng của họ. Chim mái chủ yếu là màu xanh lá cây, có màu nâu đỏ chỉ trên đuôi, mà cũng có chóp đuôimàu trắng.

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


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Selasphorus sasin: Brief Summary ( 越南語 )

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Selasphorus sasin là một loài chim trong họ Trochilidae. Đây là loài chim nhỏ, chim trưởng thành chỉ đạt 3 đến 3 ½ inch (75–90 mm). Chim trống có lưng và trán màu xanh lá cây, với hông, đít và đuôi màu nâu đỏ rỉ sắt. Cổ họng của chim trống có màu đỏ da óng ánh. Chim mái và chim chưa trưởng thành có kiểu màu tương tự nhưng thiếu mảng cổ họng màu đỏ cam óng ánh, thay vào đó có một loạt các đốm trên cổ họng của họ. Chim mái chủ yếu là màu xanh lá cây, có màu nâu đỏ chỉ trên đuôi, mà cũng có chóp đuôimàu trắng.

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アレンハチドリ ( 日語 )

由wikipedia 日本語提供
アレンハチドリ Allen's Hummingbird.jpg
アレンハチドリ
分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 鳥綱 Aves : アマツバメ目 Apodiformes : ハチドリ科 Trochilidae : Selasphorus : アレンハチドリ S. sasin 学名 Archilochus colubris
Lesson, 1829 和名 アレンハチドリ 英名 Allen's Hummingbird

アレンハチドリ(学名:Selasphorus sasin)とは、アマツバメ目ハチドリ科に分類される鳥。

生息地[編集]

亜種[編集]

生態[編集]

Sibley分類体系上の位置[編集]

鳥綱 Aves

アマツバメ上目 Apodimorphae
ハチドリ目 Trochiliformes
ハチドリ科 Trochilidae
ハチドリ亜科 Trochilinae

Clements鳥類分類[編集]

鳥綱 Aves

ハチドリ目 Trochiliformes
ハチドリ科 Trochilidae


 src= ウィキメディア・コモンズには、アレンハチドリに関連するメディアがあります。 執筆の途中です この項目は、鳥類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますポータル鳥類 - PJ鳥類)。
 title=
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アレンハチドリ: Brief Summary ( 日語 )

由wikipedia 日本語提供

アレンハチドリ(学名:Selasphorus sasin)とは、アマツバメ目ハチドリ科に分類される鳥。

許可
cc-by-sa-3.0
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ウィキペディアの著者と編集者
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wikipedia 日本語