定義： Ruderal or weedy species are the first to colonize disturbed areas. They are fast-growing and rapidly complete their life cycles, and generally produce large numbers of offspring.
定義： Living in the fluid medium (water or air) but unable to maintain their position or distribution independently of the movement of the water/air mass (adapted from Lincoln et al., 1998).
定義： Capable of the biological process in which new individuals are produced by either a single cell or a group of cells, in the absence of any sexual process.
定義： A group of species that exploit the same food resources, and/or use the same feeding or foraging methods. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guild_(ecology)
