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Rhinella ( 加泰隆語 )

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Rhinella és un gènere d'amfibis amb 71 espècies que es distribuïx per l'Amèrica del Sud i Central.

Espècies

Nom binomial Notes Rhinella abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004) Rhinella achalensis (Cei, 1972) Rhinella achavali (Maneyro, Arrieta, & de Sá, 2004) Rhinella acrolopha (Trueb, 1971) Rhinella acutirostris (Spix, 1824) Rhinella alatus (Thominot, 1884) Rhinella amabilis (Pramuk and Kadivar, 2003) Rhinella amboroensis (Harvey & Smith, 1993) Rhinella arborescandens (Duellman & Schulte, 1992) Rhinella arequipensis (Vellard, 1959) Rhinella arunco (Molina, 1782) Rhinella atacamensis (Cei, 1962) Rhinella beebei (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella bergi (Céspedez, 2000) Rhinella castaneoticus (Caldwell, 1991) Rhinella ceratophrys (Boulenger, 1882) Rhinella chavin (Lehr, Köhler, Aguilar & Ponce, 2001) Rhinella chrysophorus (McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989) Rhinella cristinae (Vélez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 2002) Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Rhinella dapsilis (Myers & Carvalho, 1945) Rhinella diptychus (Cope, 1862) Rhinella dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) Rhinella fernandezae (Gallardo, 1957) Rhinella festae (Peracca, 1904) Rhinella fissipes (Boulenger, 1903) Rhinella gallardoi (Carrizo, 1992) Espècie endèmica de l'Argentina amenaçada d'extinció que habita en boscos temperats. [1][2] Rhinella gnustae (Gallardo, 1967) Rhinella granulosa (Spix, 1824) Rhinella henseli (Lutz, 1934) Rhinella hoogmoedi (Caramaschi & Pombal, 2006) Rhinella ictericus (Spix, 1824) Rhinella inca (Stejneger, 1913) Rhinella iserni (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875) Rhinella jimi (Stevaux, 2002) Rhinella justinianoi (Harvey & Smith, 1994) Rhinella limensis (Werner, 1901) Rhinella lindae (Rivero & Castaño, 1990) Rhinella macrorhina (Trueb, 1971) Rhinella manu (Chaparro, Pramuk, i Gluesenkamp, 2007) Rhinella margaritifer (Laurenti, 1768) Rhinella marinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rhinella multiverrucosus (Lehr, Pramuk & Lundberg, 2005) Rhinella nesiotes (Duellman & Toft, 1979) Rhinella nicefori (Cochran & Goin, 1970) Rhinella ocellatus (Günther, 1858) Rhinella ornatus (Spix, 1824) Rhinella poeppigii (Tschudi, 1845) Rhinella pombali (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004) Rhinella proboscideus (Boulenger, 1882) Rhinella pygmaeus (Myers & Carvalho, 1952) Rhinella quechua (Gallardo, 1961) Rhinella roqueanus (Melin, 1941) Rhinella rostrata (Noble, 1920) Rhinella rubescens (Lutz, 1925) Rhinella rubropunctatus (Guichenot, 1848) Rhinella ruizi (Grant, 2000) Rhinella rumbolli (Carrizo, 1992) Habita a l'Argentina i possiblement Bolívia. El seu hàbitat inclou boscos temperats i rius. Està amenaçada d'extinció. Rhinella schneideri (Werner, 1894) Rhinella scitulus (Caramaschi & de Niemeyer, 2003) Rhinella sclerocephalus (Mijares-Urrutia & Arends-R., 2001) Rhinella spinulosus (Wiegmann, 1834) Rhinella stanlaii (Lötters & Köhler, 2000) Rhinella sternosignatus (Günther, 1858) Rhinella tacana (Padial, Reichle, McDiarmid, & De la Riva, 2006) Rhinella tenrec (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) Rhinella truebae (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) Rhinella vellardi (Leviton & Duellman, 1978) Rhinella veraguensis (Schmidt, 1857) Rhinella veredas (Brandão, Maciel, i Sebben, 2007)

Notes

  1. Lavilla, E. 2004. Bufo gallardoi. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
  2. Frost, D. R.; Grant, T.; Faivovich, J. N.; Bain, R. H.; Haas, A. «The Amphibian Tree of Life». Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 297, 2006, pàg. 1–291. DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090(2006)297[0001:TATOL]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/5781.

Enllaços externs

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Rhinella Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  • «Amphibian Species of the World 5.1 - Rhinella». [Consulta: 9 abril del 2008].
  • Chaparro, Juan Carlos, Jennifer B. Pramuk i Andrew G. Gluesenkamp. 2007. A new species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from a cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica. 63 (2): 203-212.
  • Frost, Darrel «The Amphibian Tree of Life». Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 297, 2006, pàg. 1–371.
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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 加泰隆語 )

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Rhinella és un gènere d'amfibis amb 71 espècies que es distribuïx per l'Amèrica del Sud i Central.

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Rhinella ( 英語 )

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Rhinella, commonly known as South American toads, beaked toads or Rio Viejo toads, is a genus of true toads native to Neotropical parts of Mexico, Central and South America. Additionally, the cane toad has been introduced to Australia, the Caribbean, the Philippines and elsewhere.

Originally, all species of the genus Rhinella were included in the genus Bufo, then they were split into the genera Chaunus and Rhamphophryne. However, Chaunus and Rhamphophryne are now considered synonyms of Rhinella.[1]

Etymology

  • Rhinella means ‘little nose’, from rhino- (ῥῑνο-), the combining form of the Ancient Greek rhis (ῥίς, ‘nose’) and the Latin diminutive suffix -ella.[2]
  • Chaunus is the Latinised form of the Ancient Greek chaûnos (χαῦνος, ‘porous, spongy’).[3][4]
  • Rhamphophryne, meaning “beaked toad”, is from rhamphos (ῥάµϕος, ‘beak’)[5] and phrunē (φρύνη, ‘toad’).[2]

Species

There are about 94 living species recognised in the genus Rhinella:[6]

Image Binomial name and author Common name Distribution Bufo abei02a.jpg Rhinella abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004) southeastern Brazil (eastern Paraná, eastern Santa Catarina and northern Rio Grande do Sul) Bufo achalensis.jpg Rhinella achalensis (Cei, 1972) Cordoba toad northern Argentina (Córdoba and San Luis provinces) Bufo achavali01.jpg Rhinella achavali (Maneyro, Arrieta, & de Sá, 2004) Uruguay and southernmost Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Rhinella acrolopha (Trueb, 1971) Cerro Mali beaked toad Serranía del Darién in eastern Panama Rhinella acutirostris (Spix, 1824) Brazil, Colombia, Panama and Venezuela Leaflitter toad Rhinella alata.jpg Rhinella alata (Thominot, 1884) Western Panama through Chocoan western Colombia to northwestern Ecuador Rhinella amabilis (Pramuk and Kadivar, 2003) Loja Province, Ecuador Rhinella amboroensis (Harvey & Smith, 1993) Cochabamba toad Bolivia (Cochabamba Department) Rhinella arborescandens (Duellman & Schulte, 1992) Mendoza Pass toad Peru (Mendoza, northern Cordillera Central, in the Amazonas Region) Bufo arenarum01.jpg Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) Common toad; Argentine toad Argentina from the Chubut Province northward, Bolivia east of the Andes Rhinella arequipensis (Vellard, 1959) Rio Chili toad Peru Rhinella arunco.JPG Rhinella arunco (Molina, 1782) Arunco; Concepcion toad Chile Rhinella atacamensis (Cei, 1962) Vallenar toad; Atacama toad Chile between Paposo (Antofagasta Region) and Las Chilcas (Valparaíso Region) Rhinella azarai (Gallardo, 1965) Paraguay Rhinella beebei.jpg Rhinella beebei (Gallardo, 1965) Rivero's Toad Colombia east of the Andes and Venezuela north of the Orinoco to French Guiana; Trinidad Rhinella bergi (Céspedez, 2000) Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay Rhinella bernardoi Sanabria, Quiroga, Arias, and Cortez, 2010 Argentina Rhinella casconi Roberto, Brito, and Thomé, 2014 Brazil (Ceará) Rhinella castaneotica (Caldwell, 1991) Para toad Bolivia (Pando), Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, and Rondônia), Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, and Putumayo) and eastern Peru Rhinella centralis Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009 Panama (Chiriquí) Rhinella ceratophrys (Boulenger, 1882) Horned toad Colombia, southern Venezuela (Cerro Neblina and Cerro Marahuaca), eastern Ecuador, northeastern Peru (Loreto), Brazil Rhinella cerradensis.jpg Rhinella cerradensis Maciel, Brandão, Campos, and Sebben, 2007 Brazil (Piauí, Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso and Distrito Federal), Argentina (Corrientes) Rhinella chavin (Lehr, Köhler, Aguilar & Ponce, 2001) Peru (Huánuco) Rhinella chrysophora (McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989) Rio Viejo toad Honduras Rhinella chullachaki (Castillo-Urbina, Glaw, Aguilar-Puntriano, Vences, and Köhler 2021) Peru (Huánuco) Rhinella cristinae (Vélez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 2002) Colombia(La Pedrera, Amazonas Province) Rhinella crucifer IRDias 2014 (cropped).jpg Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Striped toad eastern Brazil between the states of Ceará in the north and Rio de Janeiro Rhinella dapsilis.jpg Rhinella dapsilis (Myers & Carvalho, 1945) Bom Jardim toad Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru Rococo Toad (Rhinella schneideri) (27958803304).jpg Rhinella diptycha (Cope, 1862) Cope's toad; cururu toad Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, eastern Bolivia, and eastern and southern Brazil Rhinella dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) Dorbigny's toad northeastern Argentina, Uruguay and southeastern Brazil Rhinella exostosica Ferrão, Lima, Ron, dos Santos & Hanken, 2020[7] Bolivia (Beni and Pando Departments), Brazil (Rondônia) and Peru (Departments of Ucayali and Madre de Dios) Bufo fernandezae02.jpg Rhinella fernandezae (Gallardo, 1957) Bella Vista toad Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay Rhinella festae.jpg Rhinella festae (Peracca, 1904) Valle Santiago beaked toad Ecuador and Peru Rhinella fissipes (Boulenger, 1903) Carabaya toad Bolivia and Peru Rhinella gallardoi (Carrizo, 1992) Gallardo's toad Argentina Rhinella gildae Vaz-Silva, Maciel, Bastos, and Pombal, 2015 Brazil Rhinella gnustae (Gallardo, 1967) Rio Grande toad Argentina Bufo granulosus01d.jpg Rhinella granulosa (Spix, 1824) Common lesser toad Brazil Rhinella henseli (Lutz, 1934) Brazil Rhinella hoogmoedi (Caramaschi & Pombal, 2006) (10358995114).jpg Rhinella hoogmoedi (Caramaschi & Pombal, 2006) Brazil Rhinella horribilis.jpg Rhinella horribilis (Wiegmann, 1833) Cane toad north-western South America Rhinella humboldti (Gallardo, 1965) Rivero's toad Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and the Guianas Bufo ictericus01.jpg Rhinella icterica (Spix, 1824) Yellow Cururu toad northeastern Argentina (Misiones Province), southern Brazil and eastern Paraguay Rhinella inca (Stejneger, 1913) Inca toad Peru Rhinella inopina Vaz-Silva, Valdujo, and Pombal, 2012 Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil Rhinella iserni (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875) Rio Perene toad Peru Instituto Butantan 2016 034 - Rhinella jimi (Stevaux, 2002) Cururu toad Brazil (between Bujaru in northeastern Pará and Maranhão in the north, south to Bahia and Vitória, Espírito Santo) Rhinella justinianoi (Harvey & Smith, 1994) El Chape toad Bolivia Rhinella leptoscelis (Boulenger, 1912) Peru Crested Toad (Rhinella lescurei) (38639489255).jpg Rhinella lescurei Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc and Velez-Rodriguez, 2007 French Guiana, Suriname Rhinella lilyrodriguezae.jpg Rhinella lilyrodriguezae Cusi, Moravec, Lehr, and Gvoždík, 2017 Lily Rodriguez's beaked toad Peru Rhinella limensis (Werner, 1901) Peru Coast toad Peru Rhinella lindae (Rivero & Castaño, 1990) Murri beaked toad Colombia Rhinella loba Pérez-Ben, Gómez & Báez, 2019[8] Argentina Rhinella macrorhina.jpg Rhinella macrorhina (Trueb, 1971) Santa Rita beaked toad Colombia Rhinella magnussoni Lima, Menin, and Araújo, 2007 Brazil Rhinella major (Müller and Hellmich, 1936) Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia and in Brazil Bufo manu.jpg Rhinella manu Chaparro, Pramuk, and Gluesenkamp, 2007 Peru Mitred Toad (Rhinella margaritifera) male (10595988513).jpg Rhinella margaritifera (Laurenti, 1768) South American common toad Panama, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela Bufo marinus (2719074003).jpg Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) Cane toad South and mainland Central America Rhinella martyi.jpg Rhinella martyi Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc and Velez-Rodriguez, 2007 Suriname Rhinella merianae (Gallardo, 1965) Venezuela (Bolívar), Suriname, Guyana, Brazil Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca Luis Felipe Carvalho de Lima (07).jpg Rhinella mirandaribeiroi (Gallardo, 1965) Brazil(Bahia, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, and Piaui), Bolivia (Santa Cruz) Rhinella multiverrucosa (Lehr, Pramuk & Lundberg, 2005) Peru (Pasco) Rhinella nattereri (Bokermann, 1967) Venezuela (Bolivar), Guyana Rhinella nesiotes (Duellman & Toft, 1979) Laguna toad Peru Rhinella nicefori (Cochran & Goin, 1970) Colombian beaked toad Colombia (Antioquia) Rhinella ocellata (Günther, 1858) Ocellated toad Brazil Rhinella ornata 02.jpg Rhinella ornata Spix, 1824 Brazil Rhinella paraguas Grant and Bolívar-Garcías, 2014 Colombia (Chocó) Rhinella paraguayensis Ávila, Pansonato, and Strüssmann, 2010 Paraguay Bufo poeppigii02.jpg Rhinella poeppigii (Tschudi, 1845) Gray toad Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia Bufo proboscideus02.jpg Rhinella proboscidea (Spix, 1824) Beaked toad Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru Rhinella pygmaea (Myers & Carvalho, 1952) Rio Parahyba toad Brazil Rhinella quechua (Gallardo, 1961) Incachaca toad Bolivia Rhinella roqueana 32302817.jpg Rhinella roqueana (Melin, 1941) northern Peru, eastern Ecuador (Pastaza), Amazonian Colombia (Amazonas and Caquetá Departments), Brazil Rhinella rostrata (Noble, 1920) Mesopotamia beaked toad Colombia (Antioquia) Bufo rubescens02.jpg Rhinella rubescens (Lutz, 1925) Brazil Rhinella rubropunctata (Guichenot, 1848) Rusty toad Chile and Argentina Rhinella ruizi (Grant, 2000) Colombia (Antioquia) Rhinella rumbolli (Carrizo, 1992) Salta toad Bolivia Bufo scitulus02.jpg Rhinella scitula (Caramaschi & de Niemeyer, 2003) Paraguay (Amambay and Concepción Departments), Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) Rhinella sclerocephala (Mijares-Urrutia & Arends-R., 2001) Venezuela Rhinella sebbeni Vaz-Silva, Maciel, Bastos, and Pombal, 2015 Brazil Rhinella spinulosa (Wiegmann, 1834) Warty toad; Huanuco toad Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru Rhinella stanlaii (Lötters & Köhler, 2000) Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz and Santa Cruz) Rhinella sternosignata 62640906.jpg Rhinella sternosignata (Günther, 1858) Falcon toad Colombia and Venezuela Rhinella tacana (Padial, Reichle, McDiarmid, & De la Riva, 2006) Bolivia (La Paz) Rhinella tenrec (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) Antioquia Beaked Toad Colombia Rhinella truebae (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) Trueb's Beaked Toad Colombia Rhinella vellardi (Leviton & Duellman, 1978) Alto Maranon toad Peru Rhinella veraguensis (Schmidt, 1857) Veragua toad Bolivia and southeastern Peru Rhinella veredas (Brandão, Maciel, and Sebben, 2007) Brazil(Piauí and Bahia) Rhinella yanachaga Lehr, Pramuk, Hedges, and Córdova, 2007 Peru (Pasco) A male and a female of Rhinella yunga.jpg Rhinella yunga (Mordavec, Lehr, 2014) Peru (Yungas)

Notes

  1. ^ Chaparro, Juan Carlos, Jennifer B. Pramuk and Andrew G. Gluesenkamp. 2007. A new species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from a cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica. 63 (2): 203-212.
  2. ^ a b Dodd, C. Kenneth (2013). Frogs of the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-4214-0633-6.
  3. ^ d'Orbigny, Charles (1845). Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle (in French). Vol. 3. Bureau Principal de l'Éditeurs. p. 433.
  4. ^ χαῦνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
  5. ^ "rhamphoid". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  6. ^ "Rhinella Fitzinger, 1826 | Amphibian Species of the World". research.amnh.org. Retrieved 2019-10-26.
  7. ^ Ferrão, Miquéias; Lima, Albertina Pimentel; Ron, Santiago; Santos, Sueny Paloma dos; Hanken, James (2020-12-28). "New Species of Leaf-litter Toad of the Rhinella margaritifera Species Group (Anura: Bufonidae) from Amazonia". Copeia. 108 (4): 967–986. doi:10.1643/CH2020043. ISSN 0045-8511.
  8. ^ Pérez-Ben, Celeste M.; Gómez, Raúl O.; Báez, Ana M. (2019-04-04). "A new Pliocene true toad (Anura: Bufonidae): first record of an extinct species from South America". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39: e1576183. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1576183. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 133110392.

References

  • Frost, Darrel (2006). "The Amphibian Tree of Life". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1–371.

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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Rhinella, commonly known as South American toads, beaked toads or Rio Viejo toads, is a genus of true toads native to Neotropical parts of Mexico, Central and South America. Additionally, the cane toad has been introduced to Australia, the Caribbean, the Philippines and elsewhere.

Originally, all species of the genus Rhinella were included in the genus Bufo, then they were split into the genera Chaunus and Rhamphophryne. However, Chaunus and Rhamphophryne are now considered synonyms of Rhinella.

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Rhinella ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Rhinella es un género de anfibios de la familia Bufonidae nativo del sur de Norteamérica, América Central y América del Sur. Originalmente, todas las especies de Rhinella estaban incluidas en el género Bufo, que posteriormente se desdobló en Rhinella y Rhamphophryne.

Chaparro, Pramuk y Gluesenkamp (2007) consideran que ambos géneros son sinónimos de Rhinella.[1]

A pesar de que otros autores, como Pauly, Hillis y Cannatella (2004) continúan considerando Rhinella como subgénero de Bufo, la amplia revisión taxonómica de anfibios realizada en 2006 por el equipo de Darrel R. Frost, del Museo Americano de Historia Natural,[2]​ ha establecido que Rhinella sea un género independiente.

Especies

Se reconocen las siguientes 91 especies:[3]

Referencias

  1. Chaparro, J.C., Jennifer B. Pramuk y Andrew G. Gluesenkamp. 2007. A new Species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from a cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica. 63 (2): 203-212.
  2. Frost, D. (2006). "The Amphibian Tree of Life". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1-371.
  3. Frost, D.R. «Rhinella». Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. (en inglés). Nueva York, EEUU: Museo Americano de Historia Natural. Consultado el 22 de abril de 2016.
  4. Roberto, I. J., L. Brito, and M. T. C. Thomé. 2014. A new species of Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from northeastern Peru. South American Journal of Herpetology 9: 190–199.
  5. a b Vaz-Silva, W., N. M. Maciel, R. P. Bastos & J. P. Pombal, Jr. 2015. Revealing two new species of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura, Bufonidae): An enigmatic taxonomic group of Neotropical toads. Herpetologica 71: 212–222.
  6. Pérez-Ben, Celeste M.; Gómez, Raúl O.; Báez, Ana M. (4 de abril de 2019). «A new Pliocene true toad (Anura: Bufonidae): first record of an extinct species from South America». Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (en inglés): e1576183. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1576183.
  7. Grant, T., and W. Bolívar-García. 2014. A new species of semiarboreal toad with a salamander-like ear (Anura: Bufonidae: Rhinella). Herpetologica 70: 198–210.
  8. Moravec J., Lehr E., Cusi J.C., Córdova J.H. & Gvoždík V. (2014). «A new species of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the montane forest of the Selva Central, Peru.». ZooKeys 371: 35-56.
  • Pauly, G. B., D. M. Hillis y D. C, Cannatella. (2004) The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics y biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution 58: 2517-2535.

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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Rhinella es un género de anfibios de la familia Bufonidae nativo del sur de Norteamérica, América Central y América del Sur. Originalmente, todas las especies de Rhinella estaban incluidas en el género Bufo, que posteriormente se desdobló en Rhinella y Rhamphophryne.

Chaparro, Pramuk y Gluesenkamp (2007) consideran que ambos géneros son sinónimos de Rhinella.​

A pesar de que otros autores, como Pauly, Hillis y Cannatella (2004) continúan considerando Rhinella como subgénero de Bufo, la amplia revisión taxonómica de anfibios realizada en 2006 por el equipo de Darrel R. Frost, del Museo Americano de Historia Natural,​ ha establecido que Rhinella sea un género independiente.

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Rhinella ( 巴斯克語 )

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Rhinella anfibio genero bat da, Anura ordenaren barruko Bufonidae familian sailkatua.

Erreferentziak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 巴斯克語 )

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Rhinella anfibio genero bat da, Anura ordenaren barruko Bufonidae familian sailkatua.

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Rhinella ( 法語 )

由wikipedia FR提供

Rhinella est un genre d'amphibiens de la famille des Bufonidae[1].

Répartition

Les 91 espèces de ce genre se rencontrent dans le sud de l'Amérique du Nord, en Amérique centrale et en Amérique du Sud[1].

Liste des espèces

Selon Amphibian Species of the World (2 janvier 2015)[2] :

En 2017, une nouvelle espèce a été décrite (ZooKeys)[4] :

Publication originale

  • Fitzinger, 1826 : Neue classification der reptilien nach ihren natürlichen verwandtschaften. Nebst einer verwandtschafts-tafel und einem verzeichnisse der reptilien-sammlung des K. K. zoologischen museum's zu Wien, p. 1-67 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  1. a et b Amphibian Species of the World, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  2. Amphibian Species of the World, consulté le 2 janvier 2015
  3. (en) Celeste M. Pérez-Ben, Raúl O. Gómez et Ana M. Báez, « A new Pliocene true toad (Anura: Bufonidae): first record of an extinct species from South America », Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,‎ 4 avril 2019, e1576183 (ISSN , DOI , lire en ligne)
  4. Cusi, Moravec, Lehr & Gvoždík (2017): A new species of semiarboreal toad of the Rhinella festae group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru. ZooKeys, 673: 21-47.
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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 法語 )

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Rhinella est un genre d'amphibiens de la famille des Bufonidae.

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Īspurna krupji ( 拉脫維亞語 )

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Īspurna krupji jeb knābjpurna krupji (Rhinella) ir viena no lielākajām un plašākajām krupju dzimtas (Bufonidae) ģintīm, kas apvieno 88 krupju sugas.[1] Tās sastopamas Centrālamerikas un Dienvidamerikas tropu joslā, sākot ar Teksasas dienvidiem ASV (Riograndes ieleju) un Sonoras reģionu Meksikā, dienvidu virzienā turpinoties cauri tropu mežiem līdz Čīlei, Argentīnai un Urugvajai.[1] Viena suga — jūras krupis (Rhinella marina) tikusi plaši introducēta daudzviet pasaulē: Antiļu salās, Fidži, Filipīnās, Taivānā, Rjūkjū salās (Japānā), Jaungvinejā, Austrālijā un daudzās Okeānijas salās.[1]

Zinātniskais nosaukums Rhinella latviski nozīmē "deguntiņš". Vārds atvasināts no grieķu valodas (rhino (ῥῑνο) — deguns), pielietojot latīņu valodai raksturīgo deminutīva galotni (ella).[2]

Sistemātikas izmaiņas

Nesenā pagātnē īspurna krupji tika klasificēti īsto krupju ģintī (Bufo), bet saskaņā ar jaunākajiem ģenētiskajiem pētījumiem krupju ģints ir sadalīta vairākās atsevišķās ģintīs, izdalot arī apjomīgo īspurna krupju ģinti. Vecākos informācijas avotos aprakstos par krupju ģinti pieminētās Dienvidamerikas sugas vai nu pieder pie šīs ģints, vai pie Centrālo Andu krupjiem (Nannophryne), Dienvidamerikas krupjiem (Rhaebo), vai Centrālamerikas krupjiem (Incilius).[1]

Īspurna krupju ģinti var sadalīt vairākās grupās. Katru no tām raksturo atbilstoša tipiskā suga, jo daudzu šo pamatsugu bijušās pasugas mūsdienās tiek sistematizētas kā atsevišķas sugas. Tās ir smalkpēdu krupis (Rhinella veraguensis), svītrainais krupis (Rhinella crucifer), Dienvidamerikas kārpainais krupis (Rhinella spinulosa), jūras krupis (Rhinella marina), Dienvidamerikas knābjpurna krupis (Rhinella margaritifera) un Brazīlijas graudainais krupis (Rhinella granulosa).[1]

Sistemātika

 src=
Amazones knābjpurna krupis (Rhinella proboscidea)
 src=
Dienvidamerikas knābjpurna krupis (Rhinella margaritifera)
 src=
Brazīlijas graudainais krupis (Rhinella granulosa)
 src=
Kururu dzeltenais krupis (Rhinella icterica)
 src=
Pelēkais jūras krupis (Rhinella poeppigii)
 src=
Rakstainais krupis (Rhinella ornata)
 src=
Rudais krupis (Rhinella rubescens)
 src=
Svītrainais krupis (Rhinella crucifer)

Īspurna krupju ģints (Rhinella)

Atsauces

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 Amphibia: Rhinella Fitzinger, 1826
  2. Dodd, C. Kenneth (2013). Frogs of the United States and Canada 1. The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-4214-0633-6.

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Īspurna krupji: Brief Summary ( 拉脫維亞語 )

由wikipedia LV提供

Īspurna krupji jeb knābjpurna krupji (Rhinella) ir viena no lielākajām un plašākajām krupju dzimtas (Bufonidae) ģintīm, kas apvieno 88 krupju sugas. Tās sastopamas Centrālamerikas un Dienvidamerikas tropu joslā, sākot ar Teksasas dienvidiem ASV (Riograndes ieleju) un Sonoras reģionu Meksikā, dienvidu virzienā turpinoties cauri tropu mežiem līdz Čīlei, Argentīnai un Urugvajai. Viena suga — jūras krupis (Rhinella marina) tikusi plaši introducēta daudzviet pasaulē: Antiļu salās, Fidži, Filipīnās, Taivānā, Rjūkjū salās (Japānā), Jaungvinejā, Austrālijā un daudzās Okeānijas salās.

Zinātniskais nosaukums Rhinella latviski nozīmē "deguntiņš". Vārds atvasināts no grieķu valodas (rhino (ῥῑνο) — deguns), pielietojot latīņu valodai raksturīgo deminutīva galotni (ella).

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Rhinella ( 荷蘭、佛萊明語 )

由wikipedia NL提供

Herpetologie

Rhinella is een geslacht van kikkers uit de familie padden (Bufonidae).[1] De groep werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Leopold Fitzinger in 1826. Oorspronkelijk werd de wetenschappelijke naam Oxyrhynchus gebruikt door Johann Baptist von Spix, maar deze naam werd later verworpen.

Er zijn 91 soorten inclusief de pas in 2015 beschreven soorten Rhinella gildae en Rhinella sebbeni. De bekendste soort is de reuzenpad (Rhinella marina), die een enorm verspreidingsgebied heeft.

De kikkers komen voor in delen van Zuid-Amerika en leven in de landen Panama in het noorden tot Bolivia en Brazilië in het zuiden.[2]

Soorten

Geslacht Rhinella


Referenties
  1. Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History, Rhinella.
  2. Amphibia Web, Rhinella.
Bronnen
  • (en) - Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History - Rhinella - [1] Geconsulteerd 24 november 2016
  • (en) - Amphibiaweb - Rhinella - Website
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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 荷蘭、佛萊明語 )

由wikipedia NL提供

Rhinella is een geslacht van kikkers uit de familie padden (Bufonidae). De groep werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Leopold Fitzinger in 1826. Oorspronkelijk werd de wetenschappelijke naam Oxyrhynchus gebruikt door Johann Baptist von Spix, maar deze naam werd later verworpen.

Er zijn 91 soorten inclusief de pas in 2015 beschreven soorten Rhinella gildae en Rhinella sebbeni. De bekendste soort is de reuzenpad (Rhinella marina), die een enorm verspreidingsgebied heeft.

De kikkers komen voor in delen van Zuid-Amerika en leven in de landen Panama in het noorden tot Bolivia en Brazilië in het zuiden.

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Rhinella ( 波蘭語 )

由wikipedia POL提供
Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Rhinellarodzaj płazów bezogonowych z rodziny ropuchowatych. Uznaje się go często za nie osobny rodzaj, ale podrodzaj w obrębie rodzaju Bufo.

Gatunki

Należące do tego rodzaju gatunki są też często umieszczane w rodzaju Bufo. Rodzaj obejmuje 92 żyjące gatunki.

Nazwa naukowa[1] Cytat Rhinella abei Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004 Rhinella achalensis Cei, 1972 Rhinella achavali Maneyro, Arrieta, & de Sá, 2004 Rhinella acrolopha Trueb, 1971 Rhinella acutirostris Spix, 1824 Rhinella alata Thominot, 1884 Rhinella amabilis Pramuk and Kadivar, 2003 Rhinella amboroensis Harvey & Smith, 1993 Rhinella arborescandens Duellman & Schulte, 1992 Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) Rhinella arequipensis Vellard, 1959 Rhinella arunco Molina, 1782 Rhinella atacamensis Cei, 1962 Rhinella azarai (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella bergi Céspedez, 2000 Rhinella bernardoi Sanabria, Quiroga, Arias & Cortez, 2010 Rhinella casconi Roberto, Brito & Thomé, 2014 Rhinella castaneotica Caldwell, 1991 Rhinella centralis Narvaes & Rodrigues, 2009 Rhinella ceratophrys Boulenger, 1882 Rhinella cerradensis Maciel, Brandão, Campos & Sebben, 2007 Rhinella chavin Lehr, Köhler, Aguilar & Ponce, 2001 Rhinella chrysophora McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989 Rhinella cristinae Vélez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 2002 Rhinella crucifer Wied-Neuwied, 1821 Rhinella dapsilis Myers & Carvalho, 1945 Rhinella diptycha Cope, 1862 Rhinella dorbignyi Duméril & Bibron, 1841 Rhinella fernandezae Gallardo, 1957 Rhinella festae Peracca, 1904 Rhinella fissipes Boulenger, 1903 Rhinella gallardoi Carrizo, 1992 Rhinella gildae Vaz-Silva, Maciel, Bastos & Pombal, 2015 Rhinella gnustae Gallardo, 1967 Rhinella granulosa Spix, 1824 Rhinella henseli Lutz, 1934 Rhinella hoogmoedi Caramaschi & Pombal, 2006 Rhinella horribilis (Wiegmann, 1833) Rhinella humboldti (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella ictericus Spix, 1824 Rhinella inca Stejneger, 1913 Rhinella inopina Vaz-Silva, Valdujo & Pombal, 2012 Rhinella iserni Jiménez de la Espada, 1875 Rhinella jimi Stevaux, 2002 Rhinella justinianoi Harvey & Smith, 1994 Rhinella leptoscelis (Boulenger, 1912) Rhinella lescurei Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc & Vélez-Rodriguez, 2007 Rhinella lilyrodriguezae Cusi, Moravec, Lehr & Gvoždík, 2017[2] Rhinella limensis Werner, 1901 Rhinella lindae Rivero & Castaño, 1990 Rhinella macrorhina Trueb, 1971 Rhinella magnussoni Lima, Menin & Araújo, 2007 Rhinella major (Müller & Hellmich, 1936) Rhinella manu Chaparro, Pramuk, Gluesenkamp, 2007 Rhinella margaritifera Laurenti, 1768 Rhinella marina Linnaeus, 1758 Rhinella martyi Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc & Vélez-Rodriguez, 2007 Rhinella merianae (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella mirandaribeiroi (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella multiverrucosa Lehr, Pramuk & Lundberg, 2005 Rhinella nattereri (Bokermann, 1967) Rhinella nesiotes Duellman & Toft, 1979 Rhinella nicefori Cochran & Goin, 1970 Rhinella ocellata Günther, 1858 Rhinella ornata (Spix, 1824) Rhinella paraguas Grant & Bolívar-Garcías, 2014 Rhinella paraguayensis Ávila, Pansonato, and Strüssmann, 2010 Rhinella poeppigii Tschudi, 1845 Rhinella proboscidea (Spix, 1824) Rhinella pygmaea Myers & Carvalho, 1952 Rhinella quechua Gallardo, 1961 Rhinella roqueana Melin, 1941 Rhinella rostrata Noble, 1920 Rhinella rubescens Lutz, 1925 Rhinella rubropunctata Guichenot, 1848 Rhinella ruizi Grant, 2000 Rhinella rumbolli Carrizo, 1992 Rhinella schneideri Werner, 1894 Rhinella scitula Caramaschi & de Niemeyer, 2003 Rhinella sclerocephala Mijares-Urrutia & Arends-R., 2001 Rhinella sebbeni Vaz-Silva, Maciel, Bastos & Pombal, 2015 Rhinella spinulosa Wiegmann, 1834 Rhinella stanlaii Lötters & Köhler, 2000 Rhinella sternosignata Günther, 1858 Rhinella tacana Padial, Reichle, McDiarmid, & De la Riva, 2006 Rhinella tenrec Lynch & Renjifo, 1990 Rhinella truebae Lynch & Renjifo, 1990 Rhinella vellardi Leviton & Duellman, 1978 Rhinella veraguensis Schmidt, 1857 Rhinella veredas Brandão, Maciel, Sebben, 2007 Rhinella yanachaga Lehr, Pramuk, Hedges & Córdova, 2007 Rhinella yunga Moravec, Lehr, Cusi, Córdova i Gvoždík, 2014

Do rodzaju należy także wymarły, plioceński gatunek Rhinella loba[3].

Bibliografia

  • Chaparro, Juan Carlos, Jennifer B. Pramuk and Andrew G. Gluesenkamp. 2007. A new species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from a cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica. 63 (2): 203-212.
  • Pauly, G. B., D. M. Hillis, & D. C, Cannatella. (2004) The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution 58: 2517–2535.
  • Frost, Darrel (2006). "The Amphibian Tree of Life". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1–371.

Przypisy

  1. Amphibian Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference (ang.). [dostęp 12 maja 2017].
  2. Juan C. Cusi, Jiří Moravec, Edgar Lehr i Václav Gvoždík. A new species of semiarboreal toad of the Rhinella festae group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru. „ZooKeys”. 673, s. 21–47, 2017. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.673.13050 (ang.).
  3. Celeste M. Pérez-Ben, Raúl O. Gómez i Ana M. Báez. A new Pliocene true toad (Anura: Bufonidae): first record of an extinct species from South America. „Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology”, 2019. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2019.1576183 (ang.).
p d e
Rodziny płazów bezogonowych
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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 波蘭語 )

由wikipedia POL提供

Rhinella – rodzaj płazów bezogonowych z rodziny ropuchowatych. Uznaje się go często za nie osobny rodzaj, ale podrodzaj w obrębie rodzaju Bufo.

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Rhinella ( 葡萄牙語 )

由wikipedia PT提供

Rhinella, comumente conhecido como sapo-cururo, é um gênero de sapos verdadeiros nativos das partes neotropicais do México e da América Central e do Sul. Além disso, o sapo-cururu foi introduzido na Austrália, no Caribe, nas Filipinas e em outros lugares.

Originalmente, todas as espécies do gênero Rhinella foram incluídas no gênero Bufo, depois foram divididas nos gêneros Chaunus e Rhamphophryne . No entanto, Chaunus e Rhamphophryne são agora considerados sinônimos de Rhinella.[1]

Etimologia

  • Rhinella significa 'nariz pequeno', de ῥῑνο- (ῥῑνο- ), a forma de combinação do grego antigo rhis (ῥίς , 'nariz') e o sufixo diminutivo latino -ella.[2]
  • Chaunus é a forma latinizada do grego antigo chaûnos (χαῦνος , 'poroso, esponjoso').[3][4]
  • Rhamphophryne, que significa “sapo de bico”, é de rhamphos (ῥάµϕος , 'bico') [5] e phrunē ( φρύνη , 'Sapo').[2]

Espécies

As seguintes espécies são reconhecidas no gênero Rhinella : [6]

Nome binomial e autor Nome comum Rhinella abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004) Rhinella achalensis (Cei, 1972) Sapo-Cordoba Rhinella achavali (Maneyro, Arrieta, & de Sá, 2004) Rhinella acrolopha (Trueb, 1971) Rhinella acutirostris (Spix, 1824) Rhinella alata (Thominot, 1884) Rhinella amabilis (Pramuk and Kadivar, 2003) Rhinella amboroensis (Harvey & Smith, 1993) Sapo-cochabamba Rhinella arborescandens (Duellman & Schulte, 1992) Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) Sapo comum; Sapo argentino Rhinella arequipensis (Vellard, 1959) Sapo rio Chili Rhinella arunco (Molina, 1782) Arunco Rhinella atacamensis (Cei, 1962) Sapo vallenar; Sapo Atacama Rhinella azarai (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella beebei (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella bergi (Céspedez, 2000) Rhinella bernardoi Sanabria, Quiroga, Arias, and Cortez, 2010 Rhinella casconi Roberto, Brito, and Thomé, 2014 Rhinella castaneotica (Caldwell, 1991) Rhinella centralis Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009 Rhinella ceratophrys (Boulenger, 1882) Rhinella cerradensis Maciel, Brandão, Campos, and Sebben, 2007 Rhinella chavin (Lehr, Köhler, Aguilar & Ponce, 2001) Rhinella chrysophora (McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989) Sapo Rio Viejo Rhinella chullachaki (2021) Rhinella cristinae (Vélez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 2002) Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Sapo-amarelo; cururu-pequeno Rhinella dapsilis (Myers & Carvalho, 1945) Sapo-Bom-Jardim Rhinella diptycha (Cope, 1862) Sapo-boi; sapo-cururu Rhinella dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) Sapo Dorbigny Rhinella exostosica Ferrão, Lima, Ron, dos Santos & Hanken, 2020[7] Rhinella fernandezae (Gallardo, 1957) Sapo Bella Vista Rhinella festae (Peracca, 1904) Rhinella fissipes (Boulenger, 1903) Sapo-carabaya Rhinella gallardoi (Carrizo, 1992) Sapo Gallardo Rhinella gildae Vaz-Silva, Maciel, Bastos, and Pombal, 2015 Rhinella gnustae (Gallardo, 1967) Sapo Rio Grande Rhinella granulosa (Spix, 1824) Sapo comum menor Rhinella henseli (Lutz, 1934) Rhinella hoogmoedi (Caramaschi & Pombal, 2006) Rhinella horribilis (Wiegmann, 1833) Rhinella humboldti (Gallardo, 1965) Sapo Rivero Rhinella icterica (Spix, 1824) Sapo-cururu; Sapo-boi Rhinella inca (Stejneger, 1913) Sapo Inca Rhinella inopina Vaz-Silva, Valdujo, and Pombal, 2012 Rhinella iserni (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875) Sapo Rio Perene Rhinella jimi (Stevaux, 2002) Sapo-cururu Rhinella justinianoi (Harvey & Smith, 1994) Sapo El Chape Rhinella leptoscelis (Boulenger, 1912) Rhinella lescurei Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc and Velez-Rodriguez, 2007 Rhinella lilyrodriguezae Cusi, Moravec, Lehr, and Gvoždík, 2017 Rhinella limensis (Werner, 1901) Rhinella lindae (Rivero & Castaño, 1990) Rhinella loba Pérez-Ben, Gómez & Báez, 2019[8] Rhinella macrorhina (Trueb, 1971) Rhinella magnussoni Lima, Menin, and Araújo, 2007 Rhinella major (Müller and Hellmich, 1936) Rhinella manu Chaparro, Pramuk, and Gluesenkamp, 2007 Rhinella margaritifera (Laurenti, 1768) Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) Sapo-cururu; Sapo-boi Rhinella martyi Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc and Velez-Rodriguez, 2007 Rhinella merianae (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella mirandaribeiroi (Gallardo, 1965) Rhinella multiverrucosa (Lehr, Pramuk & Lundberg, 2005) Rhinella nattereri (Bokermann, 1967) Rhinella nesiotes (Duellman & Toft, 1979) Sapo Laguna Rhinella nicefori (Cochran & Goin, 1970) Rhinella ocellata (Günther, 1858) Rhinella ornata Spix, 1824 Rhinella paraguas Grant and Bolívar-Garcías, 2014 Rhinella paraguayensis Ávila, Pansonato, and Strüssmann, 2010 Rhinella poeppigii (Tschudi, 1845) Sapo-cinzento Rhinella proboscidea (Spix, 1824) Rhinella pygmaea (Myers & Carvalho, 1952) Sapo Rio Parahyba Rhinella quechua (Gallardo, 1961) Sapo Incachaca Rhinella roqueana (Melin, 1941) Rhinella rostrata (Noble, 1920) Rhinella rubescens (Lutz, 1925) Rhinella rubropunctata (Guichenot, 1848) Rhinella ruizi (Grant, 2000) Rhinella rumbolli (Carrizo, 1992) Sapo salta Rhinella scitula (Caramaschi & de Niemeyer, 2003) Rhinella sclerocephala (Mijares-Urrutia & Arends-R., 2001) Rhinella sebbeni Vaz-Silva, Maciel, Bastos, and Pombal, 2015 Rhinella spinulosa (Wiegmann, 1834) Rhinella stanlaii (Lötters & Köhler, 2000) Rhinella sternosignata (Günther, 1858) Rhinella tacana (Padial, Reichle, McDiarmid, & De la Riva, 2006) Rhinella tenrec (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) Rhinella truebae (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) Rhinella vellardi (Leviton & Duellman, 1978) Sapo Alto Maranon Rhinella veraguensis (Schmidt, 1857) Sapo Veragua Rhinella veredas (Brandão, Maciel, and Sebben, 2007) Rhinella yanachaga Lehr, Pramuk, Hedges, and Córdova, 2007 Rhinella yunga (Mordavec, Lehr, 2014)

Notas

  1. Chaparro, Juan Carlos, Jennifer B. Pramuk and Andrew G. Gluesenkamp. 2007. A new species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from a cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica. 63 (2): 203-212.
  2. a b Dodd, C. Kenneth (2013). Frogs of the United States and Canada. 1. [S.l.]: The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-1-4214-0633-6
  3. d'Orbigny, Charles (1845). Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle (em francês). 3. [S.l.]: Bureau Principal de l'Éditeurs
  4. χαῦνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon no Perseus Project
  5. . Oxford University Press Online ed. Oxford English Dictionary
  6. «Rhinella Fitzinger, 1826 | Amphibian Species of the World». research.amnh.org. Consultado em 26 de outubro de 2019
  7. Ferrão, Miquéias; Lima, Albertina Pimentel; Ron, Santiago; Santos, Sueny Paloma dos; Hanken, James (28 de dezembro de 2020). «New Species of Leaf-litter Toad of the Rhinella margaritifera Species Group (Anura: Bufonidae) from Amazonia». Copeia. 108 (4): 967–986. ISSN 0045-8511. doi:
  8. Pérez-Ben, Celeste M.; Gómez, Raúl O.; Báez, Ana M. (4 de abril de 2019). «A new Pliocene true toad (Anura: Bufonidae): first record of an extinct species from South America». Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (em inglês). 39: e1576183. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1576183

Referências

  • Frost, Darrel (2006). "The Amphibian Tree of Life". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1–371.

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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 葡萄牙語 )

由wikipedia PT提供

Rhinella, comumente conhecido como sapo-cururo, é um gênero de sapos verdadeiros nativos das partes neotropicais do México e da América Central e do Sul. Além disso, o sapo-cururu foi introduzido na Austrália, no Caribe, nas Filipinas e em outros lugares.

Originalmente, todas as espécies do gênero Rhinella foram incluídas no gênero Bufo, depois foram divididas nos gêneros Chaunus e Rhamphophryne . No entanto, Chaunus e Rhamphophryne são agora considerados sinônimos de Rhinella.

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Rhinella ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Rhinella là một chi động vật lưỡng cư trong họ Bufonidae, thuộc bộ Anura. Chi này có 77 loài và 19% bị đe dọa hoặc tuyệt chủng.[1]

Loài

Chi này có 91 loài:

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

  1. ^ “Danh sách lưỡng cư trong sách Đỏ”. IUCN. Truy cập ngày 3 tháng 7 năm 2012.
  2. ^ Roberto, I. J., L. Brito, and M. T. C. Thomé. 2014. A new species of Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from northeastern Peru. South American Journal of Herpetology 9: 190–199.
  3. ^ a ă Vaz-Silva, W., N. M. Maciel, R. P. Bastos & J. P. Pombal, Jr. 2015. Revealing two new species of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura, Bufonidae): An enigmatic taxonomic group of Neotropical toads. Herpetologica 71: 212–222.
  4. ^ Grant, T., and W. Bolívar-García. 2014. A new species of semiarboreal toad with a salamander-like ear (Anura: Bufonidae: Rhinella). Herpetologica 70: 198–210.
  5. ^ Bản mẫu:Cita publicación

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 src= Phương tiện liên quan tới Rhinella tại Wikimedia Commons


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Rhinella: Brief Summary ( 越南語 )

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Rhinella là một chi động vật lưỡng cư trong họ Bufonidae, thuộc bộ Anura. Chi này có 77 loài và 19% bị đe dọa hoặc tuyệt chủng.

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