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Biology ( 英語 )

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In the shaded conditions in which it grows, this plant reproduces by suckering. Only in places where it receives enough light such as hedgerows or in woodland glades does it flower and bear fruit. Plymouth pear flowers later than wild pears, usually around late April or May, with a spectacular show of pink-tinged blossoms and purple stamens. The small, inedible fruit are usually about 15 mm in diameter.
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Conservation ( 英語 )

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Because of the threat to the survival of the Plymouth pear it has been included in English Nature's Species Recovery Programme. A three-year contract was established with the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew to produce a conservation strategy, safeguard the existing population and re-establish the pear within its historic range. One of the first tasks was to determine the genetic profile of the plant. This would enable a breeding and propagation programme to begin using controlled hybridisation. The young trees could then be transplanted within a suitable, protected site and form a 'nursery' stock for re-introductions elsewhere at a later date. Trees growing wild in Brittany provided a template for soil type and environmental suitability as well as genetic validation and the National Trust's Regional Headquarters at Lanhydrock was chosen as the first re-introduction site. Since the first genetic profiling, carried out by Reading University, more individual trees have been discovered growing near Truro in Cornwall. It is possible that more Plymouth pears may be found.
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Description ( 英語 )

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The Plymouth pear is smaller than its more common relative and grows as a hedgerow tree. It may be distinguished from the common wild pear by purplish twigs (instead of grey-brown) and, in the words of its discoverer T. R. Archer Briggs, 'plentifully furnished with spines'.
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Habitat ( 英語 )

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Although the UK population survives in hedgerows, it is thought originally to have been a component of mixed deciduous woodland and, in Brittany, the plant still occurs in this habitat.
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Range ( 英語 )

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The plant is restricted to Western Europe with populations in France, particularly Brittany, and the north-western regions of Spain and Portugal. In Britain it is found on only two wild sites together with some transplanted trees within the city of Plymouth in Devon and near Truro in Cornwall.
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Status ( 英語 )

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Classified as Vulnerable in the UK.
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Threats ( 英語 )

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The plant seems unable to cope with environmental change and, in the UK, the Plymouth pear has suffered as a result of unsympathetic management and removal of hedgerows. Industrial developments in its namesake city have contributed to its decline and it is also at risk from disease and cross-fertilisation with domestic and other wild pears. The pear often fails to produce viable seed and while it suckers readily, it is not always possible to ascertain a true identification from suckered trees.
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Pyrus cordata ( 阿斯圖里亞斯語 )

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Pyrus cordata, el Peral montesa atlánticu, ye una especie de peral orixinariu de la fachada atlántica de Francia y la Península Ibérica, y en delles poques sebes vives d'Inglaterra.

Descripción

Tien forma arbustiva y espinos; crez de normal d'unos 2 a 3 m. Les fueyes son arredondiaes, de 4 cm de llargu, de color verde más polencu nel fai que nel viesu. Les flors abrir ente les fueyes nueves verde frescu, son blanques, con cinco pétalos, y les sos estames carmesíes dan-y un aspeutu arrosáu. El frutu ye bien pequeñu y amargosu.

Usos

Ámpliamente usáu en Galicia como patrón pa ensertar peral europea y últimamente tamién pa peral asiática. Bien bona afinidá con dambos tipos de perales. Confier ciertu nanismu al árbol resultante, lo que xuníu al so bon anclaje y adaptabilidá tantu a terrenes secos como húmedos conviérte-y nun seriu competidor del marmiellu como patrón.

Taxonomía

Pyrus cordata describióse por Nicaise Augustin Desvaux y espublizóse en Observations sur les plantes des Environs d'Angers 152–153, nel añu 1818.[2] [3]

Sinonimia

Nome común

  • Castellanu: peral, avuguero, espín negral, carupero, peretero.[4]

Referencies

  1. D. Potter, T. Eriksson, R. C. Evans, S. Oh, J. Y. Y. Smedmark, D. R. Morgan, M. Kerr, K. R. Robertson, M. Arsenault, T. A. Dickinson & C. S. Campbell. «Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae» (n'inglés). Plant Systematics and Evolution 266 (1–2). doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9. http://biology.umaine.edu/Amelanchier/Rosaceae_2007.pdf. Nótese qu'esta publicación ye anterior al Congresu Internacional de Botánica de 2011 que determinó que la subfamilia combinada, a la qu'esti artículu refierse como Spiraeoideae, tenía de denominase Amygdaloideae.
  2. Pyrus cordata en Trópicos
  3. Pyrus cordata en PlantList
  4. Pyrus cordata en Flora Vascular

Bibliografía

Enllaces esternos

Cymbidium Clarisse Austin 'Best Pink' Flowers 2000px.JPG Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Botánica, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies.
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Pyrus cordata: Brief Summary ( 阿斯圖里亞斯語 )

由wikipedia AST提供
Pyrus cordata

Pyrus cordata, el Peral montesa atlánticu, ye una especie de peral orixinariu de la fachada atlántica de Francia y la Península Ibérica, y en delles poques sebes vives d'Inglaterra.

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Coeden ellyg plymouth ( 威爾斯語 )

由wikipedia CY提供

Planhigyn blodeuol sy'n frodorol o Hemisffer y Gogledd yw Coeden ellyg plymouth sy'n enw benywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Rosaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Pyrus cordata a'r enw Saesneg yw Plymouth pear.[1] Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Gellygen Plymouth.

Mae'r teulu Rosaceae yn perthyn i'r genws Rosa (rhosyn) fel ag y mae'r cotoneaster a'r eirinen. Prif nodwedd y teulu yw ei ffrwythau amrywiol a phwysig i economi gwledydd.[2] Ceir 5 sepal, 5 petal ac mae'r briger wedi'u gosod mewn sbeiral sy'n ffurfio llestr tebyg i gwpan o'r enw hypanthiwm.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gerddi Kew; adalwyd 21 Ionawr 2015
  2. B.C. Bennett (undated). Economic Botany: Twenty-Five Economically Important Plant Families. [http: //www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C09/E6-118-03.pdf Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) e-book]
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Coeden ellyg plymouth: Brief Summary ( 威爾斯語 )

由wikipedia CY提供

Planhigyn blodeuol sy'n frodorol o Hemisffer y Gogledd yw Coeden ellyg plymouth sy'n enw benywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Rosaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Pyrus cordata a'r enw Saesneg yw Plymouth pear. Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Gellygen Plymouth.

Mae'r teulu Rosaceae yn perthyn i'r genws Rosa (rhosyn) fel ag y mae'r cotoneaster a'r eirinen. Prif nodwedd y teulu yw ei ffrwythau amrywiol a phwysig i economi gwledydd. Ceir 5 sepal, 5 petal ac mae'r briger wedi'u gosod mewn sbeiral sy'n ffurfio llestr tebyg i gwpan o'r enw hypanthiwm.

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Pyrus cordata ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Pyrus cordata, the Plymouth pear,[2] is a rare wild species of pear belonging to the family Rosaceae. It gets its name from the city of Plymouth in Devon, where it was originally found in 1870[3] The Plymouth pear was one of the British trees to be funded under English Natures Species Recovery Programme.[4]

It is a small tree, that grows in hedgerows or at the edge of woods. The Plymouth pear is considered to be either a subspecies of Pyrus pyraster (European wild pear) or a distinct species. It is one of the rarest trees in the UK and it is protected under Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act and seeds have been deposited at Kew's Millennium Seed Bank[5]

Description

Pyrus cordata is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing up to 10 metres in height. It is hardy and is not frost tender, but its ability to bear fruit and thus seed is dependent upon favourable weather conditions. It is in flower from April to May. The flowers are hermaphrodite and are pollinated by Insects. The trees have pale cream blossom with some pink. The smell of the blossom has however been described as a faint but disgusting smell compared to rotting scampi, soiled sheets or wet carpets. The odour attracts mainly flies including some more often drawn to decaying plant matter such as Bibio marci. It is common in Brittany, Northern Portugal and Galicia where it occurs at woodland margins on acid soils.

Distribution

The Plymouth pear has an Atlantic distribution and is found in Western Europe in France (notably in Brittany), Spain (notably in Galicia), Portugal and with a small presence in the United Kingdom (in Devon and Cornwall) where it is now believed to be an archaeophyte.

Habitat

It occurs in thickets and open woods with cool-temperate climates, in lowlands and hills. Not much about its requirements in the UK are known, but conservationists are looking at how it behaves in Brittany to get an idea about its requirements.

English population

The species receives its English name from the area it was originally found growing in Plymouth in 1871 by a local naturalist, T. R. Archer Briggs. In the United Kingdom the species is very rare and is confined to two areas – Plymouth and Truro. The genetic diversity of the species in the UK is very low with the two widely scattered populations being genetically identical which suggests that one of the populations was established from clone material taken from the other (suckers or cuttings).[6]

However this lack of genetic diversity is a threat to the population because most of the seeds are infertile, but efforts are being made to conserve the population by controlled breeding of trees in botanical gardens and by attempting to induce genetic mutations and variation in cultivated specimens. Genetic material from other parts of Europe is being avoided, so no trees are being introduced from the mainland European population. The conservation of the species involves attempting to increase the genetic diversity and so it is hoped that some mutations will take place with the cultivated stock which it is hoped will allow them to breed more successfully (Pears are self-sterile, so clones cannot breed easily with other clones).

The species suffers from low seed fertility caused by the inbreeding of the two, British populations and conservation efforts are attempting to combat this. The two populations are also threatened by the use of the landscape but they are being preserved in protected areas in their range.

Botanists at Kew Gardens where conservation efforts are taking place have concluded that the Plymouth Pear was brought from Brittany as a hedging plant several hundred years ago.

Places found

  • Estover Industrial Estate, in Plymouth.[7]
  • Cannon Mill industrial estate, Estover Road, Plymouth.[8]
  • Yardley Gardens at Estover
  • Derriford Hospital Opposite the entrance and in the Hospital carpark.
  • Truro: Found in the hedges of the country lanes immediately south of the city.[9]
  • Forder Valley Nature Reserve
  • Efford Marsh Nature Reserve
  • Plymbridge Lane, Plymouth.[10]
  • Devonport Park, Plymouth

Specimen trees

References

  1. ^ "Pyrus cordata Desv". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  2. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. ^ "Plymouth pear (Pyrus cordata) - Woodland Trust". Archived from the original on 2019-02-12. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  4. ^ "Help preserve a tree with ancient British connection". 22 August 1997.
  5. ^ http://www.westernmorningnews.co.uk/rare-plymouth-pear-set-join-uk-s-collection/story-18989937-detail/story.html
  6. ^ "British Red Data Books. 1. Vascular plants, edn 3". 1999.
  7. ^ http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/homepage/leisureandtourism/greenspaces/greenspacesssi/plymbridgelaneestoverroadsssi.htm
  8. ^ http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/contractor-mistakenly-chopped-rare-plymouth-pear/story-18232092-detail/story.html
  9. ^ Hidden Trees of Britain By Archie Miles page 27 [1]
  10. ^ http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/homepage/environmentandplanning/natureconservation/wildlife/wildlifespecies/plymouthpear.htm
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Pyrus cordata: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Pyrus cordata, the Plymouth pear, is a rare wild species of pear belonging to the family Rosaceae. It gets its name from the city of Plymouth in Devon, where it was originally found in 1870 The Plymouth pear was one of the British trees to be funded under English Natures Species Recovery Programme.

It is a small tree, that grows in hedgerows or at the edge of woods. The Plymouth pear is considered to be either a subspecies of Pyrus pyraster (European wild pear) or a distinct species. It is one of the rarest trees in the UK and it is protected under Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act and seeds have been deposited at Kew's Millennium Seed Bank

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Pyrus cordata ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Pyrus cordata, el peral silvestre atlántico, es una especie de peral originario de la fachada atlántica de Francia y la península ibérica, y en algunos pocos setos vivos de Inglaterra.

Descripción

Tiene forma arbustiva y espinos; crece normalmente de unos 2 a 3 m. Las hojas son redondeadas, de 4 cm de largo, de color verde más lustroso en el haz que en el envés. Las flores se abren entre las hojas jóvenes verde fresco, son blancas, con cinco pétalos, y sus estambres carmesíes le dan un aspecto rosáceo. El fruto es muy pequeño y amargo.

Distribución

El peral silvestre atlántico tiene una distribución atlántica y se encuentra en Europa Occidental en Francia (en particular en Bretaña), España (en particular en Galicia), Portugal y con una pequeña presencia en el Reino Unido (en Devon y Cornwall) donde ahora se cree que es un archaeophyte.

Usos

Ampliamente usado en Galicia como patrón para injertar peral europeo y últimamente también para peral asiático. Muy buena afinidad con ambos tipos de perales. Confiere cierto enanismo al árbol resultante, lo que unido a su buen anclaje y adaptabilidad tanto a terrenos secos como húmedos le convierte en un serio competidor del membrillo como patrón.

Taxonomía

Pyrus cordata fue descrita por Nicaise Augustin Desvaux y publicado en Observations sur les Plantes des Environs d'Angers 152–153, en el año 1818.[2][3]

Sinonimia

Nombre común

  • Castellano: peral, avuguero, espino negral, carupero, peretero.[4]

Referencias

  1. D. Potter, T. Eriksson, R. C. Evans, S. Oh, J. E. E. Smedmark, D. R. Morgan, M. Kerr, K. R. Robertson, M. Arsenault, T. A. Dickinson & C. S. Campbell (2007). «Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae» (PDF). Plant Systematics and Evolution (en inglés) 266 (1–2): 5-43. doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9. Nótese que esta publicación es anterior al Congreso Internacional de Botánica de 2011 que determinó que la subfamilia combinada, a la que este artículo se refiere como Spiraeoideae, debía denominarse Amygdaloideae.
  2. Pyrus cordata en Trópicos
  3. Pyrus cordata en PlantList
  4. Pyrus cordata en Flora Vascular

Bibliografía

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Pyrus cordata: Brief Summary ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

Pyrus cordata, el peral silvestre atlántico, es una especie de peral originario de la fachada atlántica de Francia y la península ibérica, y en algunos pocos setos vivos de Inglaterra.

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Poirier à feuilles en cœur ( 法語 )

由wikipedia FR提供

Pyrus cordataPoirasse

Le Poirier à feuilles en cœur (Pyrus cordata), aussi appelé Poirasse, est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Rosacées et du genre Pyrus (Poiriers). C'est un arbuste sauvage originaire d'Europe atlantique.

Description

 src=
Rameaux et feuilles.

Appareil végétatif

Ce poirier est un arbrisseau ou arbuste peu élevé, d'une hauteur de 2 à 8 m[1], à rameaux un peu épineux, à bourgeons glabres ; les feuilles, caduques, sont largement ovales ou suborbiculaires, en cœur à la base, à limbe foliaire souvent plus court que le pétiole, un peu velues en dessous dans leur jeunesse, puis très glabres[2].

Appareil reproducteur

Les fleurs sont assez petites (2 à 3 cm de diamètre[1]) ; le calice est à lobes à la fin caducs ; les pétales sont glabres à l'onglet. Le fruit est petit, de 12-18 mm de diamètre, à peine charnu, globuleux ou en toupie, à pédoncules grêles, presque 2 fois plus longs que le fruit. La floraison a lieu en avril[2] ou en mai[1] ; la fructification en septembre[3].

Habitat et écologie

Cet arbuste pousse dans les haies, les bois (chênaies particulièrement) et les terrains vagues[3], jusqu'à une altitude de 800 m[1].

Répartition

Ce poirier est originaire d'Europe atlantique ; on en trouve en Angleterre méridionale, Algérie et Perse[3]. En France, il est présent principalement dans l'ouest (Bretagne, Pays de la Loire) et le Centre[4].

Synonymes

Cet arbuste a été considéré par de nombreux auteurs comme formant une sous-espèce ou une variété du poirier commun, le poirier cultivé (Pyrus communis). Voici la liste de ses synonymes :

  • Pyrus boissieriana subsp. crenulata Browicz, 1972
  • Pyrus boissieriana Buhse, 1860
  • Pyrus communis subsp. cordata (Desv.) P.Fourn., 1936
  • Pyrus communis subsp. gharbiana (Trab.) Maire, 1980
  • Pyrus communis subsp. longipes Maire, 1980
  • Pyrus communis var. azarolifera Durieu, 1858
  • Pyrus communis var. briggsii Syme, 1871
  • Pyrus communis var. cordata (Desv.) Mérat, 1821
  • Pyrus communis var. desvauxii Rouy & E.G.Camus, 1901
  • Pyrus communis var. gillotii Rouy & E.G.Camus, 1901
  • Pyrus communis var. microcarpa Cout., 1913
  • Pyrus cossonii Rehder, 1946
  • Pyrus gharbiana Trab., 1916
  • Pyrus longipes Balansa ex Coss. & Durieu, 1855
  • Pyrus macropoda Rehder, 1946
  • Pyrus magyarica Terpó, 1960
  • Pyrus pyraster var. cordata Gillot, 1883[4]

Notes et références

  1. a b c et d « FLOREALPES : Pyrus cordata / Poirier à feuilles en coeur / Rosaceae / Fiche détaillée Fleurs des Hautes-Alpes », sur www.florealpes.com (consulté le 11 août 2020)
  2. a et b « Pyrus cordata Desv. », sur www.preservons-la-nature.fr (consulté le 11 août 2020)
  3. a b et c « Pyrus cordata Desv. », sur Tela Botanica (consulté le 11 août 2020)
  4. a et b « Pyrus cordata Desv., 1818 - Poirier à feuilles en cœur, Poirasse », sur Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel (consulté le 11 août 2020)

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Poirier à feuilles en cœur: Brief Summary ( 法語 )

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Pyrus cordata • Poirasse

Le Poirier à feuilles en cœur (Pyrus cordata), aussi appelé Poirasse, est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Rosacées et du genre Pyrus (Poiriers). C'est un arbuste sauvage originaire d'Europe atlantique.

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Pereira brava ( 加利西亞語 )

由wikipedia gl Galician提供

A pereira brava[1] (Pyrus cordata, Desv.) é unha árboriña espiñenta do xénero Pyrus, da familia das rosáceas. O seu froito é coñecido vulgarmente como pero ou periño. Común en Galiza.

Morfoloxía

 src=
Follas.

A pereira brava pode ter porte de arbusto ou de árbore pequena de até 8 metros. O tronco é xeralmente delgado e máis ben curto, e a copa desta árbore é redondeada. As pólas son espiñentas.

  • Follas: as follas son de cor verde escura, aínda que algo más claras no envés. Son simples (non están divididas) e alternas, e rematan en ángulo agudo no ápice, sendo máis amplas na base o que lles da unha forma ovoide. Ás veces están aserradas, e acadan un tamaño de entre 3 a 5 centímetros.
  • Flor: florece na primavera (entre abril e maio). A flor da pereira brava ten un cáliz con cinco sépalos, os cales se manteñen cando o froito xa está formado. A corola é branca, con 5 pétalos. Tamén dispón de moitos estames e un ovario con 5 estilos. As flores son hermafroditas de polinización entógama.
 src=
Espiñas.
  • Froito: o froito é comestible, aínda que de maduro é amargo. Xeralmente son chamados periños[2]. A maduración prodúcese no verán. O froito, que xeralmente é de cor parda ou pardo-amarela, ten forma de pomo e é pequeno xa que acada un talle de entre 1 e 4 centímetros.

Distribución e hábitat

Gusta de lugares húmidos, como as beiras de ríos e regatos. Xeralmente na Galiza pódese atopar en fragas caducifolias húmidas xunto a ameneirais. É propia do centro e suroeste de Europa,[3] e en xeral na vertente atlántica, e común en toda Galiza.

Outros usos da planta

 src=
Carbón vexetal.

É comunmente empregada como patrón para cultivar outras especies do xénero Pyrus, xeralmente especies comerciais debido ao aforro de tempo no crecemento da nova árbore que se acada deste xeito. A leña é moi apreciada, especialmente como combustible e polo carbón que produce.

Taxonomía

Pyrus cordata foidescrita por Nicaise Augustin Desvaux e publicado en Observations sur les Plantes des Environs d'Angers 152–153, no ano 1818.[4][5]

Sinonimia

Artigo principal: Pereira brava (homónimos).

Pyrus cordata non é a única especie de pereira que recibe o nome de Pereira brava. Tamén se coñece como pereira brava á emparentada Pyrus piraster [6][7]. No sur de Portugal Pyrus bourgaeana tamén recibe este nome común.[8]

Galería de imaxes

Notas

Véxase tamén

Outros artigos

  • Pyrus, o xénero que acolle todas as especies de pereiras.
  • A pereira común, especie cultivada.
  • A pera, froito das pereiras.

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Pereira brava: Brief Summary ( 加利西亞語 )

由wikipedia gl Galician提供

A pereira brava (Pyrus cordata, Desv.) é unha árboriña espiñenta do xénero Pyrus, da familia das rosáceas. O seu froito é coñecido vulgarmente como pero ou periño. Común en Galiza.

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Pyrus cordata ( Pms )

由wikipedia PMS提供
Drapò piemontèis.png Vos an lenga piemontèisa Për amprende a dovré 'l sistema dle parlà locaj ch'a varda sì.

Costo artìcol a l'é mach në sbòss. Da finì.

Distribussion

Da finì.

Notissie

Da finì.

Arferiment bibliogràfich për chi a veul fé dj'arserche pì ancreuse

  • Pyrus cordata L.
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wikipedia PMS

Pyrus cordata: Brief Summary ( Pms )

由wikipedia PMS提供

Costo artìcol a l'é mach në sbòss. Da finì.

Distribussion

Da finì.

Notissie

Da finì.

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Pyrus cordata ( 葡萄牙語 )

由wikipedia PT提供

Pyrus cordata é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Rosaceae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é Desv., tendo sido publicada em Observations sur les Plantes des Environs d'Angers 152-153. 1818.

Portugal

Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português, nomeadamente em Portugal Continental.

Em termos de naturalidade é nativa da região atrás indicada.

Protecção

Não se encontra protegida por legislação portuguesa ou da Comunidade Europeia.

Referências

  • Pyrus cordata - Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Açores e Madeira) - Sociedade Lusitana de Fitossociologia
  • Checklist da Flora do Arquipélago da Madeira (Madeira, Porto Santo, Desertas e Selvagens) - Grupo de Botânica da Madeira
  • Pyrus cordata - Portal da Biodiversidade dos Açores
  • Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 11 de janeiro de 2014 http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50159893>
  • Pyrus cordata - The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ (consultado em 11 de janeiro de 2014).
  • Pyrus cordata - International Plant Names Index
  • Castroviejo, S. (coord. gen.). 1986-2012. Flora iberica 1-8, 10-15, 17-18, 21. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.

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Pyrus cordata: Brief Summary ( 葡萄牙語 )

由wikipedia PT提供

Pyrus cordata é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Rosaceae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é Desv., tendo sido publicada em Observations sur les Plantes des Environs d'Angers 152-153. 1818.

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wikipedia PT