Das Mondauge (Hiodon tergisus) ist ein im mittleren und östlichen Nordamerika vorkommender Süßwasserfisch aus der Gruppe der Knochenzünglerähnlichen (Osteoglossomorpha). Sein Verbreitungsgebiet reicht von Alberta, Saskatchewan, dem südlichen Manitoba und Québec bis zum Golf von Mexiko (Mobile Bay in Alabama bis Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana) und umfasst damit den Einzugsbereich der Hudson Bay, der Großen Seen mit Ausnahme des Oberen Sees und des Mississippis.
Das Mondauge wird maximal 47 cm lang, bleibt für gewöhnlich aber bei einer Länge von knapp unterhalb von 30 cm. Das maximale veröffentlichte Gewicht beträgt 907 g. Die Fische sehen aus wie hochrückige Heringe. Ihre Rückenflosse beginnt vor der längeren Afterflosse, die Maulspalte reicht bis hinter den Augenmittelpunkt. Von seiner Schwesterart, dem Goldauge (Hiodon alosoides) unterscheidet sich das Mondauge durch die geringer Wirbelzahl (55–58 versus 58–63), die geringere Zahl von Afterflossenstrahlen (26–30 vs. 31–33) und die geringere Anzahl der diese Flossenstrahlen stützenden Flossenträger (27–31 vs. 31–36). Ihr Körper ist im Vergleich zum Goldauge höher, die Basis der Rückenflosse länger, die der Afterflosse kürzer. Der fleischige Kiel, der sich beim Goldauge von einer Stelle vor den Bauchflossen bis zur Afterflosse erstreckt, verläuft beim Mondauge von den Bauchflossen bis zur Afterflosse.
Das Mondauge lebt vor allem in Altarmen und tiefen Bereichen mittlerer und größerer Flüsse und in Seen. Es bevorzugt klares Wasser und ernährt sich von Wirbellosen und kleinen Fischen, sowie von Insekten, die auf die Wasseroberfläche gefallen sind. Es kann 10 bis 11 Jahre alt werden und wird mit 3 bis 5 Jahren geschlechtsreif.
Das Mondauge (Hiodon tergisus) ist ein im mittleren und östlichen Nordamerika vorkommender Süßwasserfisch aus der Gruppe der Knochenzünglerähnlichen (Osteoglossomorpha). Sein Verbreitungsgebiet reicht von Alberta, Saskatchewan, dem südlichen Manitoba und Québec bis zum Golf von Mexiko (Mobile Bay in Alabama bis Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana) und umfasst damit den Einzugsbereich der Hudson Bay, der Großen Seen mit Ausnahme des Oberen Sees und des Mississippis.
Hiodon tergisus, the mooneye, is a freshwater fish that is widespread across eastern North America.
H. tergisus is characterized by its silvery appearance, strongly compressed deep body, and keel that extends from its anal to pelvic fin.[4] Adult mooneyes reach an average length of 29.8 centimeters (11.7 in)[5] and may reach up to 45 centimeters (18 in). They weigh an average of 226 grams (8.0 oz).[5]
Mooneyes are endemic to eastern North America. They can be found as far north as the Hudson Bay and as far south as the Mississippi delta. They have been found as far west as central Alberta, Canada, and as far east as the western edge of North Carolina. Historically, mooneyes have been found in all of the Great Lakes, excluding Lake Superior.[4] Their populations in Lake Michigan and Lake Erie have been declining. Furthermore, their current distribution is becoming more confined to larger rivers, whereas historically they have inhabited much smaller tributaries. The historical distribution of H. tergisus may not be fully accurate due to the misidentification with other species, such as gizzard shad and alewifes. The difference between current and historical distributions may be due to the construction of dams that restrict fish from migrating from smaller rivers to large rivers. Factors such as climate change and pollution may also affect their distributions.
Mooneyes inhabit clear river and lake environments. They are mostly intolerant of turbid waters and are usually active during the day. As surface feeders, they eat primarily aquatic and terrestrial insects, but they are also known to eat crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish.[6] Young mooneyes tend to feed in more benthic regions, eating immature caddisflies, mayflies, midges, corixids, and plecopterans. Although no predators of adult mooneyes are known, young mooneyes are susceptible to predation by larger piscivorous fish.[7] Two trematode parasites specific to H. tergisus are Crepidostomum hiodontos and Paurorhynchus hiodontis. Researchers believe these parasites are derived from ingested food items. Thus far, no research has been done on how or if these parasites affect populations and ecology of mooneyes.[8] H. tergisus has latitudinal variation in growth rates in which northern populations mature faster than southern populations. This may be due to less turbidity in the northern latitudes.[9]
Mooneyes are spring spawners. Since their distribution varies greatly in latitudinal gradient, southern populations spawn much sooner than northern populations, in March and April compared to June and July, respectively. Each spring, adult mooneyes migrate upstream to clearer waters to spawn. Females are capable of producing 10,000-20,000 semibuoyant eggs each year.[6] They prefer clear-running water and solid substrates when spawning. Newly hatched larvae are 8–9 millimeters (0.31–0.35 in) in length and mostly inhabit the limnetic portion of the water column. Mooneyes eat larval forms of mayflies, caddisflies, and midges during the first few months after hatching. Mooneyes exhibit rapid growth within their first year, reaching up to 20 centimeters (7.9 in). Adult mooneyes reach an average length of 29.8 centimeters (11.7 in).[5] Females reach sexual maturity at four to five years and males reach sexual maturity at three, and will continue to spawn every year after. Males live up to seven years and females are capable of living up to nine years.[10]
Currently, H. tergisus is listed as threatened in New York, North Carolina, and Michigan.[11][12] Although mooneyes inhabit much of eastern North America, many of their habitats are isolated or discontinuous, so if an isolated population goes extinct or begins to go extinct, no influx of outside mooneyes can take their place. Furthermore, the development of agricultural and industrial practices has led to low water quality. H. tergisus, along with other pollution-intolerant fish in the Ohio River, have migrated north away from polluted waters over the past 20 years. According to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, the decline in population may be due to increased siltation or competition with newly introduced species.[12] Dams are another factor affecting not only mooneye populations, but also a variety of other fish species. Dams are particularly bad due to their ability to block migration routes of mooneyes and other species.[9] Currently, no direct management efforts for H. tergisus are active.
Hiodon tergisus, the mooneye, is a freshwater fish that is widespread across eastern North America.
Hiodon tergisus Hiodon generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Hiodontidae familian sailkatzen da.
Hiodon tergisus Hiodon generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Hiodontidae familian sailkatzen da.
Hiodon tergisus, communément appelé Laquaiche argentée, est une espèce de poissons d'eau douce de la famille des Hiodontida répandue en Amérique du Nord.
La laquaiche argentée mesure environ 28 cm. Son corps est comprimé.
Le plus grand spécimen mesure 47 cm et le plus lourd pèse 907 g[1].
La laquaiche argentée est endémique de l'est de l'Amérique du Nord. On peut la trouver à la baie d'Hudson, au delta du Mississippi, au centre d'Alberta et en Caroline du Nord.
La laquaiche argentée vit dans les rivières et les lacs et est généralement active pendant la journée.
Les adultes se nourrissent principalement d'insectes, mais certains mangent aussi des crustacés et des mollusques[2]. Les jeunes mangent des larves de trichoptères, des moucherons, d'éphémères, de corixidés et de plécoptères[3].
Cette espèce est parfois parasitée par Crepidostomum hiodontos et Paurorhynchus hiodontis[4].
Hiodon tergisus, communément appelé Laquaiche argentée, est une espèce de poissons d'eau douce de la famille des Hiodontida répandue en Amérique du Nord.
Hiodon tergisus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de tandharingen (Hiodontidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1818 door Lesueur.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Aygözlüler, (Hiodontidae) familyasını oluşturan boyları 50 cm'ye varan balıklardır. Kuzey Amerika'nın büyük göllerinde ve ırmaklarında yaşarlar. Bu familya sadece tek bir cinsten ve 2 türden oluşmaktadır.
Aslında bu familyanın Osteoglossiformes takımına ait olduğu kabul edilir, ama bazı bilimciler bu grubun bir familya değil bir takım olduğunu savunurlar ve buna Hiodontiformes adını verirler.
Wikimedia Commons'ta Aygözlüler ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur. 
Wikispecies'te Aygözlüler ile ilgili detaylı taksonomi bilgileri bulunur. Aygözlüler, (Hiodontidae) familyasını oluşturan boyları 50 cm'ye varan balıklardır. Kuzey Amerika'nın büyük göllerinde ve ırmaklarında yaşarlar. Bu familya sadece tek bir cinsten ve 2 türden oluşmaktadır.
Aslında bu familyanın Osteoglossiformes takımına ait olduğu kabul edilir, ama bazı bilimciler bu grubun bir familya değil bir takım olduğunu savunurlar ve buna Hiodontiformes adını verirler.
Hiodon tergisus, cá mắt trăng, là một loài cá nước ngọt phổ biến rộng rãi trên khắp miền đông Bắc Mỹ.
H. tergisus đặc trưng bởi bề ngoài màu bạc của nó, cơ thể rắn chắc và vây hậu môn của nó kéo dài từ hậu môn tới vây chậu.[1] Cá mắt trăng trưởng thành đạt chiều dài trung bình 29,8 xentimét (11,7 in)[2] và có thể dài tới 45 xentimét (18 in).[cần dẫn nguồn] Cân nặng trung bình là 226 gam (8,0 oz).[2]
Bài viết Lớp Cá vây tia này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Hiodon tergisus, cá mắt trăng, là một loài cá nước ngọt phổ biến rộng rãi trên khắp miền đông Bắc Mỹ.
