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暗黃木層孔菌

Phellinus gilvus (Schwein.) Pat. 1900

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Cyclicity ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Todo el año.
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Habitat ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Sobre troncos caídos o árboles vivos de varios géneros. Es común sobre troncos de Quercus sp.
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Diagnostic Description ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Localidad del tipo: Carolina del Norte, Estados Unidos.
Depositario del tipo:
Recolector del tipo:
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Benefits ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Diagnostic Description ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Cuerpo fructífero semicircular de consistencia leñosa, de 1,0 a 14,0 cm de largo y 1,5 a 15,0 cm de ancho. Su superficie es de lisa a aterciopelada, de color pardo naranja. Algunas veces posee zonaciones concéntricas de pardo amarillento a pardo anaranjado. Se encuentra adherido lateralmente al sustrato. El contexto (relleno) es de color anaranjado-parduzco. La superficie fértil está formada por poros muy pequeños de color pardo-moraduzco.
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Reproduction ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Por medio de esporas.
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Morphology ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Cuerpos fructíferos dispersos, aunque algunas veces es posible encontrar algunos fusionados.
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Distribution ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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Distribucion en Costa Rica: Se han recolectado especimenes en las provincias de Guanacaste, San José, Alajuela, Puntarenas y Limón.
Distribucion General: En el trópico y zonas cálidas de áreas templadas. Se puede encontrar en el este de Estados Unidos, sureste de Canadá, este de Rusia, y en Francia, España, Brasil, Venezuela, Uruguay, Ceylan, China, Africa, Nueva Zelanda, Japón, Malaya, Jamaica, Java, Singapur, Tasmania, Guadalupe, Guinea Francesa, Vietnam y Filipinas.
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Comprehensive Description ( 英語 )

由North American Flora提供
Hapalopilus gilvus (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey
Club 31: 418. 1904.
Boletus gilvus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. I^eipzig 1 : S6. 1822.
Polyporus gilvus Fries, Elench. Fung. 104. 1828.
Polyporus calvescens Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 390. 1839. (Type from New Orleans, Louisiana.)'
Polyporus omalopilus Mont. PI. Cell. Cuba 423. 1842. (Type from Cuba.)
'? Polyporus endozonus Fries, Nov. Symb. 54. 1851. (Type from the island of St. John.)
Polyporus carneofulvus Berk.; Fries, Nov. Symb. 68. 1851.
? Trametes Petersii Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1 : 66. 1872. (Type from Alabama.)
Polyporus breviporus Cooke, Grevillea 12 : 7. 1883. (Type from Australia.)
Polysticlus purpureofusciis Cooke, Grevillea 15 : 24. 1886. (Type from South Carolina.)
Polyporus aureomargifiaius P. Henn. Bot. Jahrb. 22: 72. 1895. (Type from Kamerun.)
Pileus corky, dimidiate, sessile, imbricate, applanate or conchate, 3-6X5-10X0.5-1.5 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, azonate, isabelline to fulvous, often marked with indistinct purplish-fuscous bands, rugulose to uneven ; margin thin, ferruginous, entire to undulate, abruptly sterile : context ferruginous, fibrous-spongy to corky, zonate, 3-7 mm. thick; tubes short, slender, avellaneous to grayish-umbrinous within, 3-5 mm. long, often found stratified^ especially in the tropics, mouths small, regular, circular to angular, 6-8 to a mm., edges at first thick, pale-ferruginous, becoming thin, entire, glistening, olivaceous-fuscous to purplishfuscous : spores elongate-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 X /i; spines chestnut-colored, ovate-subulate, 15-20X4-5^; hyphae 2-4^
Type locality ; North Carolina. Habitat : Decayed wood of deciduous trees. Distribution: Cosmopolitan.
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William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description ( 英語 )

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Fomitiporella demetrionis Murrill, sp. nov
Bffused, inseparable from the matrix; margin determinate, undulate, free, finely tomentose, ferruginous : context rather thick, punky-fibrous, ferruginous ; hymenium nearly plane, distinctly stratified in 2 or 3 layers, 4-7 mm. thick, fulvous when young, cast an eous-f uliginous with age; tubes 2-4 mm. long each season, whitish-stuffed, the older layers isabelline, the more recent avellaneous within, mouths minute, circular, 6-7 to a mm., edges rather thick, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, brown, 3-4^; hyphae ferruginous ; cystidia fulvous, cuspidate, ventricose, 10-20 X 5-7 //.
Type collected in Missouri, on dead deciduous wood, August, 1885, C. H. Demetrio 19. Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description ( 英語 )

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Coriolopsis vittata (Ellis & Macbr.) Murrill
Hexagoiia vittata Ellis & Macbr.; EUis & Ev. Bull. I,ab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 4 : 68. 1896.
Pileus very thin, flexible, coriaceous, laterally connate, effused-reflexed, 2-3X6-10 cm., the reflexed portion 0.5-1 cm. long, 2 to many cm. broad, scarcely a mm. thick ; surface tomentose, zonate, fulvous to bay-black, the zones nearly glabrous ; margin very thin sterile, isabelline, undulate to lobed, deflexed at times: context extremely thin, less than half a mm., tawny-bay, membranous; tubes short, scarcely a mm. long, whitish-cinereous within, mouths large, regular, subhexagonal, 2 to a mm., edges thin, firm, subentire to fimbriate or slightly lacerate, cinereous or grayish to umbrinous : spores not examined.
Typk locality: Castillo, Nicaragua.
Habitat: On the under surface of fallen stems and branches of deciduous trees Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description ( 英語 )

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Hapalopilus sublilaciaus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey
Club 31 : 417. 1906.
Mucro7ioporus sublilaci^ius PJUis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 27 : 50. 1900.
Pileus applanate, dimidiate, 6-7X9-10X1-2 cm.; surface concentrically striate, zonate, cinereous-gray to avellaneous-fulvous ; margin acute, entire : context corky, zonate, 3-5 mm. thick, bright cinnamon-yellow to pale-fulvous; tubes long, slender, pale-unibrinous within, 5-15 mm., mouths minute, circular, regular, slightly uneven, 5 to a mm. edges obtuse, entire, lilac to umbrinous : spores smooth, hyaline ; spines stout, cylindricalconical, 15-20 X 4^.
Type locality : I^ouisiana.
Habitat : Dead pine logs.
Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description ( 英語 )

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Coriolus delectans Murrill, sp. nov
Pileus confluent-effused, subimbricate, broadly reflexed and expanded, dimidiate to reniform, applanate or convex above, concave below, very thin, soft and tough, very flexible, 2-4X3-6X0.1 cm.; surface villose-tomentose, uniformly milk-white, marked with a few indistinct concentric furrows of variable width and depth ; margin very thin, flaccid entire to undulate, rarely lobed: context white, soft, tough, less than 1 mm. thick, tubes punctiform, white, less than 1 mm. long, mouths angular, irregular, 4-5 to a mm., soon lacerate, but not becoming irpiciform, edges very thin, flaccid, lacerate-dentate, white stramineous in dried specimens : spores smooth, hyaline.
Type collected in Alto Cedro, Cuba, on a small dead fallen hardwood trunk in a dense vire-in forest, March 20, 1905, F. S. Earle'=& W. A. Murrill 431. ^
Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description ( 英語 )

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Microporellus unguicularis (Fries) Murrill
Polysticius unguicularis 'Fries, Nov. Symb. 76. 1851.
Pileus thin, coriaceous, reniform or flabelliform, attached by an attenuate base, 2-3 cm, broad, 1-3 mm. thick ; surface uniformly ochroleucous, very smooth, concentrically striate, radiate-lineate ; margin acute, incurved when dry: context very thin, less than 1 mm., fibrous, somewhat fragile, watery-white; tubes 0.5-1 mm. long, pallid to yellowish, mouths
F
irregular, angular, 2-4^ to a mm., edges white to pallid, thin, fimbriatedentate, at length
lacerate : spores not examined.
Type locality : Mexico.
Habitat : Dead trunks.
Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description ( 英語 )

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Hapalopilus licnoides (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey
Club 31: 417. 1904.
Polyporus licnoides Mont. PI. Cell. Cuba 401. 1842.
Polyporus spurcus L^v. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5 : 135. 1846. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Polysticlus licnoides Fries, Nov. Symb. 92. 1851.
Polysticlus subglaber Ellis & Macbr. Bull. I,ab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 3^ : 192. 1896. (Type from Nicaragua. )
Pileus thin, coriaceous, fiexible, imbricate, dimidiate, often narrowly attached, applanate or conchate, 3-6X4-8X0.2-0.5 cm.; surface multizonate, concentrically striate, finely; tomentose to partially glabrous, rather smooth, subshining, fulvous, with bay zones ; margin very thin, entire, ferruginous : context thin, ferruginous to fulvous, fibrose-spongy, 1 mm. thick; tubes short, 1-2 mm., fulvous, glaucous near the mouths, which are very minute, regular, circular, 7-9 to a nm., edges thick, entire, paleferruginous to purplishferruginous : spores ellipsoid or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 3-4X2-3^; spines subulate, chestnut-colored, 15-25X6^; hyphae 2-4/^.
Type locality : Cuba.
Habitat : Dead wood of various kinds.
Distribution : Tropical America ; Gulf States ; also in tropical Asia.
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William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Phellinus gilvus ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Phellinus gilvus is a fungal plant pathogen which infects several hosts.[1] In traditional Chinese medicine, it is known as sanghuang and is used to treat stomachaches and cancer; polysaccharides isolated from lab-grown P. gilvus have been shown to inhibit the growth of melanoma in a mouse model.[2][3]

See also

References

  1. ^ Rizzo, David M.; Rentmeester, Rita M.; Burdsall, Harold H. (1995-11-01). "Sexuality and somatic incompatibility in Phellinus gilvus". Mycologia. 87 (6): 805–820. doi:10.1080/00275514.1995.12026602. ISSN 0027-5514.
  2. ^ Huo, Jinxi; Zhong, Shi; Du, Xin; Cao, Yinglong; Wang, Wenqiong; Sun, Yuqing; Tian, Yu; Zhu, Jianxun; Chen, Jine; Xuan, Lijiang; Wu, Chongming; Li, Yougui (2020-07-01). "Whole-genome sequence of Phellinus gilvus (mulberry Sanghuang) reveals its unique medicinal values". Journal of Advanced Research. 24: 325–335. doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.04.011. ISSN 2090-1232. PMC 7235939. PMID 32455007.
  3. ^ Bae, Jae-sung; Jang, Kwang-ho; Yim, Hyunee; Jin, Hee-kyung (2005-01-31). "Polysaccharides isolated from Phellinus gilvus inhibit melanoma growth in mice". Cancer Letters. 218 (1): 43–52. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2004.08.002. ISSN 0304-3835.
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Phellinus gilvus: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Phellinus gilvus is a fungal plant pathogen which infects several hosts. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is known as sanghuang and is used to treat stomachaches and cancer; polysaccharides isolated from lab-grown P. gilvus have been shown to inhibit the growth of melanoma in a mouse model.

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Phellinus gilvus ( 瑞典語 )

由wikipedia SV提供

Phellinus gilvus är en svampart[100] som först beskrevs av Ludwig David von Schweinitz, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Narcisse Theophile Patouillard 1900. Phellinus gilvus ingår i släktet Phellinus och familjen Hymenochaetaceae.[101][102] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[101]

Fnöske

P. gilvus har använts vid framställning av fnöske,[103] även om fnösktickan är den art som förknippas med fnösktillverkning.[104] Fnöske är ett läderaktigt, lättantändligt material som framför allt framställts från olika tickor, men även annat liknande material.[105] Fnösket har huvudsakligen haft tre användningsområden: eldslagning, sjukvård[106] och kläder,[105][107] men har främst förknippats med eldmakande.[108][109]

Bildgalleri

  • Phellinus gilvus - Jardim Botânico de São Paulo - IMG 0312.jpg
  • Phellinus gilvus 197312.jpg

Källor

Noter

  1. ^ Wagner, T.; Fischer, M. (2002) Proceedings towards a natural classification of the worldwide taxa Phellinus s.l. and Inonotus s.l., and phylogenetic relationships of allied genera, In: Mycologia 94(6):998–1016
  2. ^ Teng, S.C. (1996) , In: Fungi of China (Ithaca):586 pp.
  3. ^ S. Ahmad (1972) , In: Basidiomyc. W. Pakist.:59
  4. ^ Teng (1963) , In: Chung-kuo Ti Chen–chun, [Fungi of China]:762
  5. ^ [a b c d e f] ”CABI databases”. http://www.speciesfungorum.org. Läst 24 januari 2013.
  6. ^ Overh. (1953) , In: Polyporaceae of the United States, Alaska and Canada:404
  7. ^ G. Cunningham (1948) , In: Bull. N.Z. Dept. Sci. Industr. Res., Pl. Dis. Div. 79:13
  8. ^ G. Cunningham (1948) , In: Bull. N.Z. Dept. Sci. Industr. Res., Pl. Dis. Div. 79:11
  9. ^ Rick (1935) , In: Brotéria, sér. Ci. Nat. 5:91
  10. ^ Pat. (1927) , In: Bull. trimest. Soc. mycol. Fr. 43:29
  11. ^ Van der Byl (1922) , In: S. Afr. J. Sci. 18:283
  12. ^ Lloyd (1922) , In: Mycol. Writ. 7:1143
  13. ^ P.W. Graff (1921) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 48:295
  14. ^ Sacc. & Trotter (1921) , In: Mycol. Notes (Cincinnati) 65:1078
  15. ^ Bres. (1920) , In: Annls mycol. 18(1/3):33
  16. ^ Lloyd (1920) , In: Mycol. Writ. 6:940
  17. ^ Bres. (1920) , In: Annls mycol. 18(1/3):34
  18. ^ Lázaro Ibiza (1917) , In: Los poliporaceos de la flora Espanola:147
  19. ^ Sydow (1916) , In: Engler's Bot. Jahrb., Biebl. 54:247
  20. ^ Speg. (1915) , In: Mycol. Writ. 4 (Syn. Apus):387
  21. ^ Bres. (1915) , In: Hedwigia 56(4,5):292
  22. ^ [a b] Lloyd (1915) , In: Mycol. Writ. 4 (Syn. Apus):348
  23. ^ Lloyd (1915) , In: Mycol. Writ. 4 (Synopsis of the Genus Fomes):239
  24. ^ Lloyd (1912) , In: Mycol. Writ. 4 (Letter 42):6
  25. ^ Sacc. & Trotter (1912) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 21:330
  26. ^ Sacc. & Trotter (1912) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 21:316
  27. ^ Sacc. & Trotter (1912) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 21:305
  28. ^ Sacc. & Trotter (1912) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 21:286
  29. ^ Sacc. & Trotter (1912) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 21:314
  30. ^ Murrill (1910) , In: Mycologia 2(4):187
  31. ^ Murrill (1908) , In: N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(2):76
  32. ^ Murrill (1908) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 35:400
  33. ^ Murrill (1908) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 35:413
  34. ^ Murrill (1907) , In: N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(1):53
  35. ^ Murrill (1907) , In: N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(1):12
  36. ^ Pat. (1907) , In: Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 23:74
  37. ^ Murrill (1907) , In: N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(1):20
  38. ^ Murrill (1905) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 32(12):647
  39. ^ Murrill (1905) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 32(12):648
  40. ^ Murrill (1904) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 31(8):418
  41. ^ [a b] Murrill (1904) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 31(8):417
  42. ^ Duss (1903) , In: Enum. Champ. Guadeloupe (Lons–le–Saunier):32
  43. ^ Henn. (1902) , In: Bot. Jb. 32:39
  44. ^ Ellis & Everh. (1900) , In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 27:50
  45. ^ Pat. (1900) , In: Essai Tax. Hyménomyc. (Lons–le–Saunier):97
  46. ^ Pat. (1900) , In: Essai Tax. Hyménomyc. (Lons–le–Saunier):94
  47. ^ Pat. (1900) , In: Essai Tax. Hyménomyc. (Lons–le–Saunier):100
  48. ^ [a b c d] Kuntze (1898) , In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):497
  49. ^ [a b c d] Kuntze (1898) , In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):496
  50. ^ [a b c d e f] Kuntze (1898) , In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):495
  51. ^ Speg. (1898) , In: Anal. Mus. nac. Hist. nat. B. Aires 6:165
  52. ^ [a b] Kuntze (1898) , In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):519
  53. ^ [a b c] Kuntze (1898) , In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):518
  54. ^ Speg. (1898) , In: Anal. Mus. nac. Hist. nat. B. Aires 6:166
  55. ^ Henn. (1897) , In: Hedwigia 36:201
  56. ^ [a b] Ellis & T. Macbr. (1896) , In: Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Iowa State Univ. 3(4):192
  57. ^ Henn. (1895) , In: Bot. Jb. 22:72
  58. ^ P.A. Saccardo (1891) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 9:180
  59. ^ Ellis & Everh. (1889) , In: J. Mycol. 5(1):28
  60. ^ [a b] Ellis & Everh. (1889) , In: J. Mycol. 5(1):29
  61. ^ Speg. (1889) , In: Fungi Fuegiani 11:443
  62. ^ P.A. Saccardo (1888) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 6:277
  63. ^ P.A. Saccardo (1888) , In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 6:272
  64. ^ Quél. (1887) , In: Compt. Rend. Assoc. Franç. Avancem. Sci. 15(2):487
  65. ^ [a b] Cooke (1886) , In: Grevillea 14(no. 71):85
  66. ^ [a b] Cooke (1886) , In: Grevillea 14(no. 71):87
  67. ^ Cooke (1886) , In: Grevillea 14(no. 71):86
  68. ^ Cooke (1886) , In: Grevillea 14(no. 71):80
  69. ^ Cooke (1886) , In: Grevillea 15(no. 73):24
  70. ^ Cooke (1885) , In: Grevillea 14(no. 69):21
  71. ^ [a b c] Cooke (1885) , In: Grevillea 14(no. 69):20
  72. ^ Cooke (1885) , In: Grevillea 14(no. 69):18
  73. ^ Speg. (1884) , In: Anal. Soc. cient. argent. 17(2):45
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Phellinus gilvus: Brief Summary ( 瑞典語 )

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Phellinus gilvus är en svampart som först beskrevs av Ludwig David von Schweinitz, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Narcisse Theophile Patouillard 1900. Phellinus gilvus ingår i släktet Phellinus och familjen Hymenochaetaceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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