Catostomus discobolus Cope 1871

Catostomus discobolus és una espècie de peix de la família dels catostòmids i de l'ordre dels cipriniformes. Es troba als Estats Units d'Amèrica, a la part alta del Riu Colorado (de Gran Canyó en amunt) a Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Nou Mèxic i Arizona, al sistema del Riu Snake a Wyoming i Idaho i a la conca del Llac Bonneville a Idaho, Wyoming i Utah.^[3]

Viu en ràpids rocosos i corrents en rius petits o grans, rarament en llacs. En general ocupa un gran rang d'hàbitats, des de rierols de muntanya d'agües fredes a corrents càlides i tèrboles. Els adults viuen en fluxos d'aigua moderats o forts sobre el substrat rocós; els juvenils prefereixen zones poc profundes prop dels marges del riu. La fresa es produeix sobre la grava de rierols petits.^[3]

Referències

Bibliografia

• Eschmeyer, William N.: Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco (Estats Units). iii + 697. ISBN 0-940228-23-8 (1990).
• Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
• Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
• Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
• Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
• Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.

The bluehead sucker (Catostomus discobolus) is endemic to the intermountain Western US. A total of 23 members of the genus Catostomus has been found in North America. C. discobolus and C. yarrowi are two sister species that have very similar Arizona habitats.^{[2][3][4][5][6][7][8]}

Description

The bluehead sucker is the largest of all Arizona endemic suckers, reaching lengths over 11.8 in. Their colors are very similar to the desert sucker, with dark green or dark silvery top portions and light yellow bottoms. The bluehead has the largest lips of any sucker and has tiny papillae on the lower lip. This is also the only species with the absence of an inguinal process, just behind the pectoral fins, distinguishing it from the other eight suckers. The lower lip is slightly notched at the midline, with lateral line scales in large numbers that range from 70 to 100. They have 7 to 9 dorsal fin rays and a smaller number of caudal fin rays. During breeding, the males obtain a blue patch on the top of their large heads, and the lower fins become yellow/orange with red/rosy lateral lines. These drastic coloration changes are probably due to sexual selection and female mate choice. An easy way to distinguish the bluehead from the other Arizona suckers is the distinct cartilaginous lower jaw.

Distribution in Arizona

Primary records are concentrated at the Colorado River main stem and the Grand Canyon tributaries, as well as the Colorado River drainages at Lake Mead. Blueheads are also found at Snake River above Shoshone Falls and Bear/Weber River drainages. Scattered reports around the Bonneville Basin have been made. Arizona bluehead sucker distributions are more specifically the Clear, Bright Angel, Shinumo, Kanab, and Havasu Creeks, they are becoming increasingly common below Diamond Creek. Some can be found on the Navajo Reservation and within the San Juan River basin. They can be found at elevations of 609 to 2060 m.

Habitat

Bluehead suckers prefer larger streams and rivers due to their larger size, but they can be found in a variety of habitats.^[9] This species has a wide temperature preference, as well, ranging from cold mountain brooks at 12 °C to warmer desert rivers at 27 °C. If times are good and water is clear, the suckers stay in shallow streams and eddies during the day, finding their way to hard-bottomed streams to forage at night. Primary spawning areas include the Grand Canyon tributaries within the Colorado River drainages.

Reproduction

The bluehead sucker spawns in the spring/summer when water temperatures reach> 15 °C. Males join females in gravel/sandy-bottomed streams and copulation begins, taking only a few seconds. In the Grand Canyon tributaries, mating can extend through April, May, and July. This species will not mate unless the water depth is strictly lower than 1 m, probably because the shallow water is easily heated to their desired temperature by the sun. Juveniles grow exponentially fast, reaching lengths of 60 mm and reaching sexual maturity within the first year.

Biology

Suckers use their cartilaginous jaws to scrape the algae and detritus off the stones at the bottom, and despite any shortages of these foods, suckers show little seasonal movement. Diatoms, detritus, algae, and other organic debris have been found in the gut. They can also live to be more than 20 years old.

References

• Arizona Game and Fish Department

Catostomus discobolus es una especie de peces de la familia Catostomidae.^[1]​

Referencias

Bibliografía

• Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos : T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
• Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos , 1997.
• Hoese, D.F. 1986: . A M.M. Smith y P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín, Alemania.
• Maugé, L.A. 1986. A J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse y D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB Bruselas; MRAC, Tervuren, Flandes; y ORSTOM, París, Francia. Vol. 2.
• Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
• Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
• Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

Catostomus discobolus Catostomus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Catostomidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

• FishBase.org

Ikus, gainera

• Catostomus
• Catostomidae

Catostomus discobolus est une espèce de poissons Cypriniformes présente dans la partie occidentale des États-Unis.

Description

Catostomus discobolus est un poisson d'environ 40 centimètres. Le sommet de sa tête est de couleur bleutée ce qui explique son nom anglophone (Bluehead sucker). Il est présent dans les états américains du Wyoming, de l'Idaho et de l'Utah^[1]. Il est par exemple présent dans la rivière Snake^[1] et dans le parc national de Grand Teton^[2].

Sous-espèces

• Catostomus discobolus discobolus, Cope, 1871;
• Catostomus discobolus jarrovii, Cope, 1874.

Voir aussi

Notes et références

1. ↑ ^{a et b} (en) « Catostomus discobolus », Fishbase, 2009 (consulté le 23 juillet 2009)
2. ↑ (en) « Poissons dans le parc national », National Park Service, 2009 (consulté le 7 juillet 2009)

Catostomus discobolus Cope, 1871, è una specie di pesce osseo facente parte della famiglia Catostomidae e originaria del Nord America.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questo pesce d'acqua dolce predilige le acque fresche; è presente sia nel bacino del fiume Snake, in Wyoming e Idaho, che nel bacino del Lake Bonneville, in Idaho, Wyoming e Utah.