dcsimg

Lifespan, longevity, and ageing

AnAge articles tarafından sağlandı
Maximum longevity: 23.6 years (captivity) Observations: They live about 15-20 years in zoos (http://www.zoo.org/).
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Joao Pedro de Magalhaes
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de Magalhaes, J. P.
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AnAge articles

Behavior ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Yellow anacondas are solitary animals, except in breeding season. Females attract mates through pheromones. Male anacondas will follow this pheromone trail and, once the potential mates encounter one another, they communicate by rubbing one another and proceed with courtship. All anacondas (Eunectes) have heat-sensing pits located along their mouths. These pits are used to find prey by detecting body heat given off by warm blooded animals. Like most snakes, yellow anacondas do not hear well, although they can pick up vibrations through their jaws. Yellow anacondas, like most snakes, rely heavily on their fork-like tongues and chemosensation to navigate their environment and help find prey. The tongue is flicked in and out of the mouth to taste the air, chemicals collected by the tip of the tongue are deposited in the vomeronasal organ on the top of the mouth.

Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; chemical

Other Communication Modes: pheromones

Perception Channels: visual ; infrared/heat ; tactile ; acoustic ; vibrations ; chemical

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Conservation Status ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Yellow anacondas are on the IUCN Red List as threatened due to poaching. It is illegal to hunt yellow anacondas in most of South America. This law has helped population numbers to increase, but pet trading and zoos still threaten their survival.

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

State of Michigan List: no special status

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Life Cycle ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Females, after a 6 month gestation period, give birth to fully-developed live young. These young are immediately able to live on their own. Yellow anacondas seem to have indeterminate growth.

Development - Life Cycle: indeterminate growth

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Benefits ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Yellow anacondas are large and aggressive snakes that can inflict damage on humans if approached or threatened. They may even pose a predation risk to small children, but attacks on humans by yellow anacondas are exceptionally rare.

Negative Impacts: injures humans (bites or stings)

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Benefits ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Yellow anacondas are hunted for their skin to make merchandise such as purses, shoes, and belts. Yellow anacondas are also taken for the pet trade. However, anacondas are unpredictable and dangerous and few people take on the challenge of keeping an anaconda as a pet. Yellow anacondas are kept by zoos, where they are a popular attraction. People are intrigued by these species and also terrified by them.

Positive Impacts: pet trade ; body parts are source of valuable material

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Associations ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Adult yellow anacondas are keystone species; they are one of the top predators in the ecosystems they inhabit. Yellow anacondas influence the number of prey animals, which influences the populations of other prey animals and predators. Ticks from the family Ixodidae are found on yellow anacondas. However, yellow anacondas produce an odor that deters ticks from attaching themselves.

Ecosystem Impact: keystone species

Commensal/Parasitic Species:

  • ticks (Ixodidae)
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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Trophic Strategy ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Yellow anacondas are generalist carnivorous, preying mainly on animals found in wetland and riparian areas throughout their range. Their diet consists of birds, bird eggs, small mammals, turtles, lizards, occasional fish or fish carrion, and caimans. Wading birds may be their most common prey in some areas. They can reach sizes sufficient to take larger prey, such as brocket deer, peccaries, or capybaras. Yellow anacondas are considered ambush hunters and constrictors. They lay in wait in the water or in vegetation and strike at prey that pass. When prey are grabbed, they begin to wrap their body around the prey and begin constriction. With each exhalation of the prey, the constrictor can squeeze tighter, eventually causing asphyxiation. They may also pull the prey under water during constriction. Yellow anacondas then swallow prey head first by unhinging their jaws, as do other snakes. Along with their incredible jaw flexibility, yellow anacondas have more than a 100 recurved teeth that help to hold and swallow prey. Their digestive system is relatively slow and yellow anacondas may eat only every few days or months, depending on the size of their last prey item. Like other snakes, yellow anacondas can survive long periods without prey. In the wild most predation occurs from June to November, during the relatively dry periods when wetlands areas have shrunk.

Animal Foods: birds; mammals; reptiles; fish; eggs; carrion

Primary Diet: carnivore (Eats terrestrial vertebrates)

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Distribution ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Yellow anacondas occur in southern South America, including Paraguay, southern Brazil, northeastern Argentina, and Bolivia.

Biogeographic Regions: neotropical (Native )

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Habitat ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Yellow anacondas can be found in swamps and marshlands with slow-moving rivers or streams. They can also be observed in forests searching for large game, such as brocket deer or peccaries. During droughts they can be found using caves for shelter and along river banks in holes that retain water. During the rainy months, yellow anacondas can be found in flooded, treeless areas, where they hunt for aquatic species such as fish or caimans (Caiman).

Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial ; freshwater

Terrestrial Biomes: rainforest

Aquatic Biomes: rivers and streams

Wetlands: marsh ; swamp

Other Habitat Features: riparian ; caves

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Life Expectancy ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Most mortality in yellow anacondas occurs as young, when they are smaller and vulnerable to predation. Once they reach adult sizes, yellow anacondas have few natural predators. The typical lifespan for yellow anacondas in the wild is from 15 to 20 years. In captivity yellow anacondas can live up to 23 years. Humans greatly influence the lifespan of yellow anacondas in the wild, as poaching has decreased the number of yellow anacondas to a dangerously unstable level.

Range lifespan
Status: captivity:
23 (high) years.

Typical lifespan
Status: wild:
15 to 20 years.

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Morphology ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Although yellow anacondas are much smaller than green anacondas (Eunectes murinus, the world's largest snakes) they do reach lengths of up to 4.6 meters (typical adult range 3 to 4 m). Yellow anacondas have yellowish-green scales with brown or blackish bands and overlapping spots that wrap around the entire body. This provides camouflage in murky water or in forest vegetation. Females grow longer than males and generally weigh more as well. Male yellow anacondas can reach up to 3.7 m in length while a female can reach a length of 4.6 m.

Range mass: 40 (high) kg.

Average mass: 30 kg.

Range length: 2.4 to 4.6 m.

Average length: 3.7 m.

Other Physical Features: heterothermic

Sexual Dimorphism: female larger

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
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Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Associations ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

Adult yellow anacondas have no natural predators. Humans are their main predators and they are hunted for their skin, for the zoo and pet trade, persecuted out of fear, and their habitats are destroyed. Predators of juvenile yellow anacondas include crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous), tegu lizards (Tupinambis merianae), caimans (Caiman crocodilus), and larger anacondas (Eunectes). In order to avoid predation, young anacondas are camouflaged, as their dark-spotted patterns hides them in the vegetation.

Known Predators:

  • caimans (Caiman crocodilus)
  • humans (Homo sapiens)
  • tegu lizards (Tupinambis merianae)
  • crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous)
  • anacondas (Eunectes)

Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic

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Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
yazar
Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Reproduction ( İngilizce )

Animal Diversity Web tarafından sağlandı

For the most part, yellow anacondas are sequentially monogamous. Males become attracted to females when she produces pheromones released into the air. Males then follows the scent to the female and begin courtship. This courtship normally will take place in water and may last for quite some time. Yellow anacondas have been known to form breeding balls, consisting of one female and multiple males. These breeding balls have been known to stay together for up to a month. In the breeding ball, males compete for mating access to the female. Normally the largest male will win successfully outcompete other males. Larger males may successfully breed with more females as a result.

Mating System: polygynous ; polygynandrous (promiscuous)

Yellow anacondas breed between April and May every year. Females incubate eggs in their bodies and give birth to already hatched young. The gestation period is 6 months, after which the female gives birth to from 4 to 82 young at a size of about 60 cm in length. After giving birth, female anacondas leave her young to defend for themselves. Young anacondas reach sexual maturity at 3 to 4 years old.

Breeding interval: Yellow anacondas breed once yearly.

Breeding season: Breeding occurs in April and May.

Range number of offspring: 4 to 82.

Average number of offspring: 40.

Average gestation period: 6 months.

Range time to independence: 0 (low) days.

Average time to independence: 0 days.

Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 3 to 4 years.

Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 3 to 4 years.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; sexual ; fertilization ; ovoviviparous

Females provide significant resources to their young during incubation, but the young are independent at birth and there is no further parental care.

Parental Investment: no parental involvement; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)

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The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliyografik atıf
Colthorpe, K. 2009. "Eunectes notaeus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Eunectes_notaeus.html
yazar
Kelly Colthorpe, Radford University
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Karen Francl, Radford University
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Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web

Distribution ( İngilizce )

ReptileDB tarafından sağlandı
Continent: South-America
Distribution: Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, W Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná [HR 27: 216], São Paulo), NE Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fé).
Type locality: Paraguay River and its tributaries
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Peter Uetz
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ReptileDB

Anakonda žlutá ( Çekçe )

wikipedia CZ tarafından sağlandı
ikona
Tento článek není dostatečně ozdrojován a může tedy obsahovat informace, které je třeba ověřit.
Jste-li s popisovaným předmětem seznámeni, pomozte doložit uvedená tvrzení doplněním referencí na věrohodné zdroje.

Anakonda žlutá (Eunectes notaeus) je had patřící do čeledi hroznýšovitých. Žije v Jižní Americe a dorůstá délky kolem 3,5 metrů. Anakonda žlutá není jedovatá, ale ve svém sevření má obrovskou sílu.

Popis

Obývá tropické pralesy a téměř nikdy se nevzdaluje daleko od vody. Dává přednost stojaté, nebo líně tekoucí vodě, velmi hojná je v záplavových oblastech. V době, kdy bažiny a řeky vysychají, upadá do stavu jakési strnulosti. Výborně plave, ve vodě vyvine značnou rychlost a obrovskou sílu. Na souši se pohybuje pomalu.

Chov

Pro anakondu zařizujeme co největší nádrž se silnou větví a velkým vyhřívaným bazénem, neboť tento had tráví většinu času ve vodě. Teplotu 26 - 32 °C udržujeme po celých 24 hodin.

Potrava

Loví kapybary, aguti a mladé tapíry. Ráda však chytá i vodní ptáky a jsou známé i případy, že uchvátila a pak pohltila mladého kajmana. Jsou zaznamenány i ojedinělé případy, kdy anakonda pokládala za svou kořist i člověka. Téměř ve všech případech šlo o menší děti.

Mláďata a rozmnožování

Po zhruba 7-9 měsíční březosti rodí samice 15 až 35 živých mláďat, dlouhých 45-70cm. Jsou velmi čilá a loví hned drobné hlodavce a malé ptáky.

Odkazy

Externí odkazy

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Anakonda žlutá: Brief Summary ( Çekçe )

wikipedia CZ tarafından sağlandı
ikona Tento článek není dostatečně ozdrojován a může tedy obsahovat informace, které je třeba ověřit.
Jste-li s popisovaným předmětem seznámeni, pomozte doložit uvedená tvrzení doplněním referencí na věrohodné zdroje.

Anakonda žlutá (Eunectes notaeus) je had patřící do čeledi hroznýšovitých. Žije v Jižní Americe a dorůstá délky kolem 3,5 metrů. Anakonda žlutá není jedovatá, ale ve svém sevření má obrovskou sílu.

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Gelbe Anakonda ( Almanca )

wikipedia DE tarafından sağlandı

Die Gelbe Anakonda (Eunectes notaeus), auch Paraguay-Anakonda oder Südliche Anakonda, ist eine Art aus der Familie der Boas (Boidae).

Erscheinung

Die Gelbe Anakonda ist eine kräftig gebaute Schlange mit kaum vom Hals abgesetzten Kopf. Ihre Grundfarbe ist ein helles Gelbbraun mit zwei großen, dunklen, unregelmäßigen Fleckenreihen auf dem Rücken und zwei bis drei kleineren Seitenfleckenreihen. Die Bauchseite ist gelblich. Die Körperlänge beträgt in der Regel 250–300 cm, die größeren Weibchen können Längen bis 4 Meter erreichen. Insgesamt bleibt die Gelbe Anakonda damit deutlich kleiner als die Große Anakonda (Eunectes murinus).

Die Anzahl der Supralabialschilde ist mit 12 bis 16 ebenso wie die der Infralabialschilde mit 15 bis 21 geringer als bei der Großen Anakonda. Der Rumpf weist 43 bis 52 Reihen glatter Schuppen in der Mitte, 213 bis 237 Ventralschilde, 44 bis 61 Subkaudalschilde und einen ungeteilten Analschild auf.

Verbreitung und Lebensweise

Das Verbreitungsgebiet der Gelben Anakonda liegt in Südamerika und erstreckt sich über Südost-Bolivien, Südwest-Brasilien, Paraguay und Nordost-Argentinien.

Ihr Habitat umfasst vor allem die vegetationsreichen Uferbereiche verschiedener Gewässer sowie lichte Bereiche in Feuchtwäldern. Sie schwimmt und taucht ausgezeichnet und bleibt an Land vorwiegend in Bodennähe. Beutetiere sind Säugetiere, Vögel, Fische und Reptilien, die aus der Lauerstellung gepackt und dann erwürgt werden.

Gelbe Anakondas sind lebendgebärend. Nach einer Tragzeit von 6 bis 8 Monaten kommen 20 bis 30, maximal 40 Jungtiere zur Welt. Diese sind bei der Geburt 50 bis 70 cm groß. Die Lebenserwartung liegt bei etwa 20 Jahren.

Literatur

Weblinks

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Gelbe Anakonda: Brief Summary ( Almanca )

wikipedia DE tarafından sağlandı

Die Gelbe Anakonda (Eunectes notaeus), auch Paraguay-Anakonda oder Südliche Anakonda, ist eine Art aus der Familie der Boas (Boidae).

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Jeele Anakonda ( Stq )

wikipedia emerging languages tarafından sağlandı
Jeele Anakonda Jeele Anakonda (Eunectes notaeus)
een Jeele Anakonda (Eunectes notaeus) Systematik Unneroardenge: Slangen (Serpentes) Uurfamilie: Boa-Oardige (Booidea) Familie: Boas (Boidae) Unnerfamilie: Boa-Slangen (Boinae) Sleek: Anakondas (Eunectes) Oard: Jeele Anakona (Eunectes notaeus) Beskrieuwen fon COPE, 1862

Ju Jeele Anakonda (Eunectes notaeus), uk Paraguay-Anakonda of Suudelke Anakonda, is een Slangen-Oard uut ju Familie fon do Boas (Boidae).

Do Dierte sunt ljoacht jeel-bruun mäd two groote, tjuusterge Fläkken-Riegen ap dän Rääch un two bit tjo litjere Siedenfläkken-Riegen. Jo wäide sowät 250-300 cm loang, do wät grattere Wiefkene konnen Loangten bit tou fjauer Meetere roakje. Aaltouhoope is ju Jeele Anakonda deermäd sjuunelk litjer as ju Groote Anakonda (Eunectes murinus).

Do Dierte sunt tou fienden in dät suudaastelke Bolivien, dät suudwäästelke Brasilien, Paraguay un dät Noudaaste fon Argentinien. Junner woont ju foaraaln in ticht bewoaksene Ouger-Berieke juust so as ljoachte Berieke in fuchtige Holtbuske. Ju kon baldoarich goud swimme un duukje un blift oun Lound maasttieds nai bie dän Boudem. Büütedierte sunt Suugedierte, Fuugele, Fiske un Reptilien, wier ju Slange ap luurt un do ätters oudrüüselt.

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Wikipedia authors and editors

Jeele Anakonda: Brief Summary ( Stq )

wikipedia emerging languages tarafından sağlandı

Ju Jeele Anakonda (Eunectes notaeus), uk Paraguay-Anakonda of Suudelke Anakonda, is een Slangen-Oard uut ju Familie fon do Boas (Boidae).

Do Dierte sunt ljoacht jeel-bruun mäd two groote, tjuusterge Fläkken-Riegen ap dän Rääch un two bit tjo litjere Siedenfläkken-Riegen. Jo wäide sowät 250-300 cm loang, do wät grattere Wiefkene konnen Loangten bit tou fjauer Meetere roakje. Aaltouhoope is ju Jeele Anakonda deermäd sjuunelk litjer as ju Groote Anakonda (Eunectes murinus).

Do Dierte sunt tou fienden in dät suudaastelke Bolivien, dät suudwäästelke Brasilien, Paraguay un dät Noudaaste fon Argentinien. Junner woont ju foaraaln in ticht bewoaksene Ouger-Berieke juust so as ljoachte Berieke in fuchtige Holtbuske. Ju kon baldoarich goud swimme un duukje un blift oun Lound maasttieds nai bie dän Boudem. Büütedierte sunt Suugedierte, Fuugele, Fiske un Reptilien, wier ju Slange ap luurt un do ätters oudrüüselt.

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Жолта анаконда ( Makedonca )

wikipedia emerging languages tarafından sağlandı

Жолта анаконда (науч. Eunectes notaeus)[1] — неотровна змија од семејството на удавите, ендемска во Јужна Америка. Досега не се откриени подвидови.[2]

Оваа змија може да се види во терариумот на Зоолошката градина во Скопје.[3]

Етимологија

Општото именување Eunectes има старогрчко потекло и означува „добар пливач“, народното определено име notaeus потекнува од грчкиот збор νωταίος, што во овој случај значи „грбна“. За да го разликува овој нов вид од Eunectes murinus, Едвард Дринкер Коуп изјавил дека „грбните крлушки се поголеми и се распределени во помал број на редови.“[4]

Опис

Возрасните единки не се со иста должина како и зелената анаконда, но сепак можат да нараснат до просечна должина од 3,3 до 4,4 метри. Нивната вообичаена тежина изнесува 25-35 килограми, иако поголемите примероци можат да тежат и до 40-55 килограми, па дури и повеќе.[5][6] Максималната должина со сигурност може да биде и поголема, но настанува забуна кога се споредува со својата подолга роднина. Женките на овој вид имаат просечни должини од 4,6 метри.[1][7] Женките се подолги од мажјаците.

Шарата се состои од жолта боја, златкаст тен или пак зелено-жолтеникава основа на која има серии на црни или темно кафени седленца, дамки, точки и линии.[1]

Живеалиште

Овој вид побарува водно живеалиште, вклучувајќи ги тука мочуришта, грмушесто прекриени крајбрежја или пак споротоковни реки и потоци. Можат да бидат забележани и во шуми кога се во потрага по поголем плен, како што се мазамата, или пак пекариито.

Исхрана

Овие змии биле изучувани во области кои биле постојано поплавувани во регионот Пантанал во југозападен Бразил. Собраните податоци биле директно набљудувани при исхраната, односно при ловот на пленот, анализата на стомакот и изметот, и потврдните искази од месните жители и други истражувачи. Овие изучувања покажуваат дека станува збор за општојадец. Списокот на плен и останатите докази потврдуваат дека жолтата анаконда користи како „напади од заседа“ така и тактики на „потрага по плен“. Змиите се во потрага на храна најчесто во отворени, поплавени живеалишта, во релативно плитки води, повеќето случаи на лов се во периодот од јуни до ноември, кога поплавените области се забележително исушени, при што младенчињата на птицие се најчестиот плен. Познато е исто така дека тие се хранат со риба, желки, помали кајмани, гуштери, птичји јајца, мали цицачи и мртви риби. Односот на тежините на пленот и грабливецот се доста поголеми од оние кај другите попознати видови на удави.[8]

Размножување

Во подолги периоди, жолтите анаконди се моногамни. Мажјаците се привлечени од женката кога истата создава и испушта фермони во воздухот. Мажјаците подоцна го следат мирисот на женките и додворувањето започнува. Додворувањето се случува во водата и може да трае доста долго. Познато е дека истите можно е да образуваат оргии кои се состојат од една женка и повеќе мажјаци. Познато е дека овие оргии можат да останат вака испреплетени и до 30 денови. Во оваа испреплетеност, мажјаците се натпреваруваат за пристап до женката. Вообичаено е најголемиот мажјак да победи во натпреварот со останатите мажјаци. Поголемите мажјаци можат успешно да се спарат со повеќе женки. Спарувањето е полигиниско, или поинаку кажано тие се промискуитетни.

Раѓањето на младенчињата се случува еднаш годишно. Раѓањето се одвива од април до мај. Можно е да се родоат од 4-82 младенчиња. Женките по шест месечен гестациски период раѓаат целосно развиени млади. Вака родените млади се веднаш способни за самостоен живот. Тие имаат среден раст. Женките постигнуваат сексуална зрелост 3-4 години по раѓањето, ито како и мажјаците. Женките обезбедуваат значаен дел од ресурсите за нивните млади за време на инкубацијата, но младенчињата се независни при раѓањето и немаат потреба од понатамошна родителска грижа.

Типичниот животен век на жолтата анаконда во дивината е 15-20 години. Во заробеништво, тие можат да живеат и подолго, до 23 години.

Комуникација

Жолтите анаконди се самостојни животни, со исклучок на периодот за парење. Кога се додворуваат, тие комуницираат преку триење една од друга. Бидејќи анакондите имаат топлински органи сместени над нивните муцки, кои се користат за наоѓање на пленот преку следење на топлинската трага на пленот. Тие исто така можат да забележат вибрации преку нивните вилици.

Заробеништво

Во заробеништво, ги бие глас дека можат да бидат непредвидливи.[1]Во САД, жолтата анаконда е една од четирите забранети змии. Можат да се продаваат само во Калифорнија.

Поврзано

Наводи

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.
  2. „Eunectes notaeus“. Обединет таксономски информативен систем. конс. 3 July 2008. (англиски)
  3. „Жолта амаконда“. Зоо Скопје. конс. 13 јуни 2015. Check date values in: |accessdate= (помош)
  4. Edward Drinker Cope (1862). Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 14 [1862]: 60–82.Archive, PDF.
  5. What Is a Yellow Anaconda? Wisegeek.com. Retrieved on 2012-08-22.
  6. Mendez M, Waller T, Micucci P, Alvarenga E, and Morales JC (2007). Genetic population structure of the yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) in Northern Argentina: management implications. In: Biology of the Boas and Pythons, Robert W. Henderson and Robert Powell (eds) pp. 405–415. Eagle Mountain Publishing, LC ISBN 0972015434.
  7. Owen, W. 2004. Snakes: Reptiles. p. 397 in J Flew, L Humphries (eds.) The Encyclopedia of Animals, Vol. 1. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  8. Strussmann, C (јуни 1997 г). Feeding habits of the yellow anaconda, Eunectes notaeus Cope, 1862, in the Brazilian Pantanal. „Biociencias“ том 5 (1): 35–52.. http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=4295289&q=anaconda+the+snake&uid=793163738&setcookie=yes. посет. 6 октомври 2008 г.

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Жолта анаконда: Brief Summary ( Makedonca )

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Жолта анаконда (науч. Eunectes notaeus) — неотровна змија од семејството на удавите, ендемска во Јужна Америка. Досега не се откриени подвидови.

Оваа змија може да се види во терариумот на Зоолошката градина во Скопје.

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Yellow anaconda ( İngilizce )

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The yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus), also known as the Paraguayan anaconda,[2] is a boa species endemic to southern South America. It is one of the largest snakes in the world but smaller than its close relative, the green anaconda. No subspecies are currently recognized. Like all boas and pythons, it is non-venomous and kills its prey by constriction.

Etymology

The Neo-Latin specific name notaeus derives from Ancient Greek: νωταίος, romanized: nōtaios, lit.'dorsal' (νωταίος is a poetic form of νωτιαίος/nōtiaios). In distinguishing his new species Eunectes notaeus from Eunectes murinus, Edward Drinker Cope stated, "Dorsal scales are larger and in fewer rows."[3]

Description

Close-up of head, at the Reptilium Terrarium and Desert Zoo, Landau, Germany

Adults grow to an average of 3.3 and 4.4 m (10 ft 10 in and 14 ft 5 in) in total length. Females are generally larger than males,[4] and have been reported up to 4.6 m (15 ft 1 in) in length.[2][5] They commonly weigh 25 to 35 kg (55 to 77 lb), but specimens weighing more than 55 kg (121 lb) have been observed.[6] The color pattern consists of a yellow, golden-tan or greenish-yellow ground color overlaid with a series of black or dark brown saddles, blotches, spots and streaks.[2]

Distribution and habitat

The range of the yellow anaconda encompasses the drainage of the Paraguay River and its tributaries, from the Pantanal region in Bolivia, Paraguay, and western Brazil to northeastern Argentina[7] and northern Uruguay.[8] [9] It prefers mostly aquatic habitats, including swamps, marshes, and brush-covered banks of slow-moving rivers and streams.[4] The species appears to have been introduced in Florida, although it is unknown whether the small population (thought to derive from escaped pets) is reproductive.[10]

Ecology

The yellow anaconda forages predominantly in shallow water in wetland habitats. Most predation occurs from June to November, when flooding has somewhat subsided and wading birds are the most common prey. Observations and analysis of gut and waste contents from regularly flooded areas in the Pantanal region of southwestern Brazil indicate that they are generalist feeders that employ both ambush predation and wide-foraging strategies.

Their prey consists nearly exclusively of aquatic or semi-aquatic species, including a wide variety of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and eggs.[11] Larger specimens can prey upon larger animals, such as brocket deer, capybaras or peccaries.[4] The prey-to-predator weight ratio is often much higher than for other types of Boidae.[12] Cannibalism has been observed in this species, though it is not clear how often this occurs.[13]

The yellow anaconda has few predators. Juveniles and the occasional adult may be taken by caimans, larger anacondas, jaguars, cougars, some canids such as the crab-eating fox, mustelids, and raptors. The species is also hunted by humans for its skin.[10]

Interactions with humans

A yellow anaconda in the waterhole, at the Beardsley Zoo, Bridgeport, Connecticut

In captivity the species has a reputation for being unpredictable and somewhat dangerous to humans.[2][4] In the United States, the import, transportation and sale of the species across state lines were banned in 2012 to try to prevent the yellow anaconda from becoming an invasive species in areas such as the Florida Everglades.[14] The conservation status of the yellow anaconda has not been assessed by the IUCN.

References

  1. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d Mehrtens, John M. (1987). Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.
  3. ^ Cope, E. D. (1862). "Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 14: 60–82. Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae at the Internet Archive.
  4. ^ a b c d Colthorpe, Kelly (2009). "Eunectes notaeus". Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
  5. ^ McKay, George; Cooke, Fred, eds. (2004). "Snakes: Reptiles". The Encyclopedia of Animals. Vol. 1. Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 397. ISBN 0520244060.
  6. ^ Mendez, M.; Waller, T.; Micucci, P. A.; Alvarenga, E.; Morales, J. C. (2007). "Genetic population structure of the yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) in Northern Argentina: management implications". In Henderson, Robert W.; Powell, Robert (eds.). Biology of the Boas and Pythons. Eagle Mountain, Utah: Eagle Mountain Publishing. pp. 405–415. ISBN 978-0972015431.
  7. ^ Waller, T.; Micucci, P. A.; Alvarenga, E. (2007). "Conservation biology of the yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) in Northeastern Argentina". In Henderson, Robert W.; Powell, Robert (eds.). Biology of the Boas and Pythons. Eagle Mountain, Utah: Eagle Mountain Publishing. pp. 340–362. ISBN 978-0972015431.
  8. ^ Uetz, P.; Hallermann, J. (2018). "Eunectes notaeus COPE, 1862". The reptile database. Hamburg, Germany: Zoological Museum Hamburg. Retrieved 17 November 2018.
  9. ^ "Hay registros de anaconda amarilla (Eunectes notaeus) en el norte del país". La Mochila (in Spanish). 11 June 2010. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  10. ^ a b "Eunectes notaeus". NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  11. ^ Thomas, Oliver; Allain, Steven J. R. (2021). "A Review of Prey Taken by Anacondas (Squamata: Boidae: Eunectes)". IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians. 28 (2): 329–334. doi:10.17161/randa.v28i2.15504. S2CID 237839786. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  12. ^ Strüssmann, Christine (1997). "Feeding habits of the yellow anaconda, Eunectes notaeus Cope, 1862, in the Brazilian Pantanal". Biociencias (in Portuguese). 5 (1): 35–52.
  13. ^ Barros, M. M.; Draque, J. F.; Micucci, P. A.; Waller, T. (2011). "Eunectes notaeus (Yellow Anaconda). Diet / Cannibalism" (PDF). Herpetological Review. 42 (2): 290–291.
  14. ^ Segal, Kim (17 January 2012). "U.S. bans imports of 4 exotic snake species". CNN.

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Yellow anaconda: Brief Summary ( İngilizce )

wikipedia EN tarafından sağlandı

The yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus), also known as the Paraguayan anaconda, is a boa species endemic to southern South America. It is one of the largest snakes in the world but smaller than its close relative, the green anaconda. No subspecies are currently recognized. Like all boas and pythons, it is non-venomous and kills its prey by constriction.

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Eunectes notaeus ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

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La anaconda amarilla o curiyú (Eunectes notaeus) es una especie de anaconda, de la familia Boidae, nativa del centro de Sudamérica. En idioma guaraní es llamada mbói kurijú.

 src=
Detalle de la cabeza.

Distribución

Se distribuye en el este de Bolivia, Paraguay, oeste de Brasil, nordeste de Argentina, y ocasionalmente llega a Bella Unión, en el departamento de Artigas y se han avistado ejemplares en el departamento de Salto (noroeste del Uruguay), recientemente se han encontrado ejemplares también en la zona de Parana, Argentina,[1]​ basado en el decomiso de un cuero de un ejemplar capturado por cazadores furtivos en el año 1995 en la zona de La Tablada o Campo Uno, el cual, sin la cabeza, medía 384 cm.[2]

Características

Tamaño

 src=
Ejemplar juvenil de anaconda amarilla.

Es más pequeña que la más conocida anaconda verde (Eunectes murinus); habitualmente alcanza longitudes de entre 2,5 y 4 m y un peso que puede superar los 40 kg, siendo las hembras de mayor tamaño que los machos. Como sucede con muchas serpientes de gran tamaño, el largo máximo que puede alcanzar esta especie es motivo de controversia,[3][4]​ aunque, según algunos autores, se han encontrado ejemplares máximos hasta de 6 m,[5]​ mientras que otros señalan que, raramente, se han registrado hembras que superaban los 7 m.[6][7]

Coloración

Su color de base es amarillo pardo con pintas y rosetas negras.

Hábitat

Vive mayormente en hábitats acuáticos, incluyendo charcas, margas, bancos en ríos y arroyos lentos.

Alimentación

Su dieta incluye venados, pecaríes, grandes roedores, aves, reptiles y también animales acuáticos como peces.

Relación con el humano

La curiyú, como otros ofidios, es comestible asada o frita luego de quitarle la piel y eviscerarla cuidadosamente (en las vísceras puede tener, como otros muchos animales, parásitos); por ser comestible ha sido uno de los diversos ingredientes alimenticios para las etnias indígenas en donde este ofidio se encuentra. Por otra parte, al ser inofensiva para el ser humano y alta depredadora de roedores, ha sido tradicional, especialmente en fincas campestres, tener al menos una curiyú viva para combatir plagas de ratas y roedores “domésticos” similares.

El cronista Ulrico Schmidl describió un encuentro con una curiyú en 1536 en su obra Viaje al Río de la Plata:[8]

Y cuando se cumplieron los 4 días de estar con ellos, hallamos estirada en la tierra una serpiente extremadamente grande, que medía 25 pies de largo y gruesa como un hombre, overa de negro y amarillo; y la matamos con un arcabuz. Y eso que la vieron los indios se maravillaron de su tamaño, porque jamás habían visto otra igual. Esta serpiente, según nos contaron, los tenía mal a los indios; porque cuando se bañaban en el agua siempre solía estar oculta en el agua, envolvía a los indios con la cola y zambullendo con ellos se los tragaba; así que muchas veces indios desaparecían sin que se supiese la suerte que habían corrido. Yo mismo medí esta serpiente con carne y todo, así que me doy cabal cuenta de como era de larga y gruesa. Esta serpiente después los indios la despedazaron, la asaron, la hicieron hervir y se la comieron en sus casas.
 src=
Esqueleto montado de anaconda amarilla.

Véase también

Referencias

  1. Hallaron una anaconda amarilla en el departamento Paraná
  2. Achaval, F. & Meneghel, M. 1996. Confirmación de Eunectes notaeus Cope, 1862 (Serpentes: Boiidae) "Anaconda Amarilla" para Uruguay. Actas de las IV Jornadas de Zoología del Uruguay. Resumen p. 7.
  3. Murphy, J. C. & Henderson, R. W. 1997. Tales of giant snakes - a historical natural history of anacondas and pythons. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, 221p.
  4. Eernst, C. H. & Zug, G. R. 1996. Snakes in question. The Smithsonian Institution, Whashington, DC.
  5. Berst, A. 1944. Las boas en la Provincia de Santa Fe. Editorial: Publicación del Museo de Ciencias Naturales del Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepción. Santa Fe, Arg.
  6. Afrânio do Amaral. 1977. Serpentes do Brasil: iconografia colorida. Edición: Ediciones Univ. de Sao Paulo, Edições Melhoramentos. 248 pp.
  7. Amaral, A., Serpentes gigantes. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 1948. 10: 211-237
  8. Cervantes Virtual

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Eunectes notaeus: Brief Summary ( İspanyolca; Kastilyaca )

wikipedia ES tarafından sağlandı

La anaconda amarilla o curiyú (Eunectes notaeus) es una especie de anaconda, de la familia Boidae, nativa del centro de Sudamérica. En idioma guaraní es llamada mbói kurijú.

 src= Detalle de la cabeza.
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Eunectes notaeus ( Baskça )

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(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Eunectes notaeus: Brief Summary ( Baskça )

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Eunectes notaeus Eunectes generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Boidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Paraguaynanakonda ( Fince )

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Paraguaynanakonda eli etelänanakonda eli keltainen anakonda (Eunectes notaeus) on myrkytön kuristajakäärme Etelä-Amerikasta. Se on väriltään keltainen mustin täplin. Päässä sillä on musta tai ruskea nuolea muistuttava kuvio. Paraguaynanakonda on kykenevä kuristamaan kuoliaaksi vesisikoja, suuria kahlaajalintuja ja kaimaaneja. Keltainen anakonda viihtyy vesistöissä ja ruohomailla. Se lisääntyy synnyttämällä 4-20 poikasta.

Käärme on vihreää sukulaistaan (Eunectes murinus) huomattavasti pienempi ja koko onkin useimmiten 1,80-3,7 metrin tietämillä. Koiraat ovat naaraita pienempiä sekä solakampia ja harvoin saavuttavat edes kolmen metrin pituuden. Naaraiden pituus pysyttelee yleensä 2,5-3,7 metrissä.

Lähteet

  • O'Shea M. & Halliday T., 2009, Matelijat ja sammakkoeläimet, Dorling Kindersley & readme.fi, 256 s.
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Paraguaynanakonda: Brief Summary ( Fince )

wikipedia FI tarafından sağlandı

Paraguaynanakonda eli etelänanakonda eli keltainen anakonda (Eunectes notaeus) on myrkytön kuristajakäärme Etelä-Amerikasta. Se on väriltään keltainen mustin täplin. Päässä sillä on musta tai ruskea nuolea muistuttava kuvio. Paraguaynanakonda on kykenevä kuristamaan kuoliaaksi vesisikoja, suuria kahlaajalintuja ja kaimaaneja. Keltainen anakonda viihtyy vesistöissä ja ruohomailla. Se lisääntyy synnyttämällä 4-20 poikasta.

Käärme on vihreää sukulaistaan (Eunectes murinus) huomattavasti pienempi ja koko onkin useimmiten 1,80-3,7 metrin tietämillä. Koiraat ovat naaraita pienempiä sekä solakampia ja harvoin saavuttavat edes kolmen metrin pituuden. Naaraiden pituus pysyttelee yleensä 2,5-3,7 metrissä.

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Eunectes notaeus ( Fransızca )

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Eunectes notaeus est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Boidae[1]. En français il est nommé Anaconda jaune, Anaconda du Paraguay ou Anaconda curiyú.

Répartition

Cette espèce se rencontre[1] :

Description

 src=
Eunectes notaeus (Mato Grosso, Brésil)

L'anaconda jaune se démarque de l'anaconda vert (Eunectes murinus) par sa plus petite taille, en général 2 m à 3 m. Les plus grands spécimens atteignent 4 ou 5 mètres.

Eunectes notaeus vit de manière semi-aquatique et semi-arboricole.

Captivité

En Argentine, il est parfois utilisé pour débarrasser les habitations rurales des rats et autres rongeurs.

En France, son élevage nécessite un certificat de capacité car il est cité par l'arrêté ministériel du 10 août 2004 comme étant une espèce dangereuse. Malgré cela, les conditions sont quasiment les mêmes que pour l'élevage de l'anaconda vert.

Publication originale

  • Cope, 1863 "1862" : Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, vol. 14, p. 60-82 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  1. a et b (en) Référence Reptarium Reptile Database : Eunectes notaeus
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Eunectes notaeus: Brief Summary ( Fransızca )

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Eunectes notaeus est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Boidae. En français il est nommé Anaconda jaune, Anaconda du Paraguay ou Anaconda curiyú.

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Eunectes notaeus ( İtalyanca )

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L'anaconda gialla (Eunectes notaeus Cope, 1862), nota anche come anaconda del Paraguay[1], è una specie di anaconda endemica del Sud America. Rappresenta uno dei serpenti più grandi al mondo sebbene sia più piccolo del suo parente più stretto, l'anaconda verde. Come tutti i boa e i pitoni, non è velenoso e uccide la sua preda per costrizione. Non è nota o riconosciuta alcuna sottospecie per questa specie.

Etimologia

Il nome specifico in neo-latino notaeus deriva dal greco antico νωταίος, nōtaíos, «dorsale» (forma poetica, in greco antico νωτιαίος, nōtiaíos). Nel distinguere la sua nuova specie Eunectes notaeus da Eunectes murinus, Edward Drinker Cope affermò che: «Le scaglie dorsali sono più grandi e disposte in meno file».[2]

Descrizione

 src=
Primo piano della testa, al Reptilium Terrarium and Desert Zoo, Germania

Gli individui adulti in genere possono raggiungere tra i 3,3 e i 4,4 m di lunghezza totale. Le femmine sono generalmente più grandi dei maschi,[3] e sono stati riportati individui con una lunghezza massima di 4,6 m.[1][4] In media questi animali pesano dai 25 ai 35 kg, ma sono mai stati osservati individui con un peso superiore ai 55 kg.[5] La colorazione dell'anaconda gialla, presenta una colorazione gialla, marrone dorato o giallo verdastro, sovrapposto ad un motivo a macchie, pezzato o a strisce di colore nero o marrone scuro.[1]

Distribuzione e habitat

Il territorio dell'anaconda gialla comprende i bacini del fiume Paraguay e dei suoi affluenti, dal Pantanal della Bolivia, Paraguay e Brasile occidentale all'Argentina nord-orientale,[6] e forse alcune zone dell'Uruguay.[7] Predilige prevalentemente habitat acquatici, tra cui paludi, Pantanal, argini coperti da cespugli, e torrenti dal movimento lento.[3] La specie sembra essere stata introdotta artificialmente anche in Florida, anche se non è noto se questa piccola popolazione (che si pensa derivi da animali domestici fuggiti dalla cattività) si sia riprodotta.[8]

Ecologia

 src=
Individuo al Ohrada Zoo, Repubblica Ceca

L'anaconda gialla caccia prevalentemente in acque poco profonde negli habitat delle zone umide. La maggior parte degli attacchi si verifica da giugno a novembre, quando le inondazioni si sono in qualche modo attenuate e gli uccelli trampolieri sono la preda più comune del luogo. Osservazioni e analisi del contenuto dell'intestino e delle feci provenienti da aree regolarmente allagate nella regione del Pantanal, nel sud-ovest del Brasile, indicano che questi animali sono predatori generalisti, che cacciano primariamente d'agguato.

La loro dieta è composta quasi esclusivamente da specie acquatiche o semi-acquatiche, tra cui un'ampia varietà di mammiferi, uccelli, rettili, anfibi, pesci e uova. Gli esemplari più grandi possono predare animali più grandi, come mazama, capibara o pecari.[3] Il rapporto in peso tra preda e predatore è spesso molto più elevato rispetto ad altri tipi di Boidae.[9] Il cannibalismo è stato osservato anche in questa specie, sebbene non sia chiaro quanto spesso si verifichi.[10]

L'anaconda gialla ha pochi predatori. I giovani e gli adulto possono divenire occasionalmente preda dei caimani, anaconde più grandi, giaguari, alcuni canidi come il maikong, mustelidi e rapaci. La specie è anche cacciata dall'uomo primariamente per la sua pelle.[8]

Relazioni con l'uomo

 src=
Un anaconda gialla al Beardsley Zoo, Connecticut

In cattività la specie ha la reputazione di essere imprevedibile e può divenire pericolosa per l'uomo, se non si conosce come maneggiarla.[1][3] Negli Stati Uniti, l'importazione, il trasporto e la vendita di questa specie attraverso i confini statali sono stati vietati dal 2012 per cercare di impedire all'animale di diventare una specie invasiva in aree come le Everglades della Florida.[11] Lo stato di conservazione dell'anaconda gialla non è ancora stato valutato dalla IUCN.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.
  2. ^ Cope, E.D. (1862). Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 14 [1862]: 60–82.Archive, PDF.
  3. ^ a b c d Kelly Colthorpe, Eunectes notaeus, su Animal Diversity Web, 2009. URL consultato il 3 febbraio 2016.
  4. ^ W. Owen, Snakes: Reptiles, in J Flew, L Humphries (a cura di), The Encyclopedia of Animals, vol. 1, Los Angeles, University of California Press, 2004, p. 397.
  5. ^ M Mendez, T Waller, P Micucci, E Alvarenga e JC Morales, Genetic population structure of the yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) in Northern Argentina: management implications (PDF), in Robert W. Henderson and Robert Powell (a cura di), Biology of the Boas and Pythons, Eagle Mountain Publishing, 2007, pp. 405-415, ISBN 0-9720154-3-4.
  6. ^ T Waller, PA Micucci e E Alvarenga, Conservation Biology of the Yellow Anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) in Northeastern Argentina, in RW Henderson e R Powell (a cura di), Biology of the Boas and Pythons, Eagle Mountain, Utah, Eagle Mountain Publishing, 2007, pp. 340-62.
  7. ^ P Uetz e J Hallermann, Eunectes notaeus COPE, 1862, in The reptile database, Hamburg, Germany, Zoological Museum Hamburg, 2018. URL consultato il 17 novembre 2018.
  8. ^ a b Eunectes notaeus, su NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species, United States Geological Survey.
  9. ^ (PT) C Strussmann, Feeding habits of the yellow anaconda, Eunectes notaeus Cope, 1862, in the Brazilian Pantanal, in Biociencias, vol. 5, n. 1, 1997, pp. 35-52.
  10. ^ MM Barros, JF Draque, PA Micucci e T Waller, "Eunectes notaeus (Yellow Anaconda). Diet / Cannibalism", in Herpetological Review, vol. 42, n. 2, 2011, pp. 290-1.
  11. ^ Kim Segal, U.S. bans imports of 4 exotic snake species, su CNN, 17 gennaio 2012.

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Eunectes notaeus: Brief Summary ( İtalyanca )

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L'anaconda gialla (Eunectes notaeus Cope, 1862), nota anche come anaconda del Paraguay, è una specie di anaconda endemica del Sud America. Rappresenta uno dei serpenti più grandi al mondo sebbene sia più piccolo del suo parente più stretto, l'anaconda verde. Come tutti i boa e i pitoni, non è velenoso e uccide la sua preda per costrizione. Non è nota o riconosciuta alcuna sottospecie per questa specie.

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Geltonspalvė anakonda ( Litvanca )

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Binomas Eunectes notaeus

Geltonspalvė anakonda (lot. Eunectes notaeus, angl. Yellow Anaconda, vok. Gelbe Anakonda) – smauglinių (Boidae) šeimos roplys. Dar vadinama pietine arba paragvajine anakonda. Kūnas iki 3 m ilgio. Panaši į anakondą, bet šoninėse dėmėse nėra baltų akučių.

Paplitusi Paragvajuje, Pietų Bolivijoje ir Argentinos šiaurėje. Reta rūšis. Nelaisvėje minta žuvimis, žiurkėmis ir pelėmis.


Vikiteka

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Geltonspalvė anakonda: Brief Summary ( Litvanca )

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Geltonspalvė anakonda (lot. Eunectes notaeus, angl. Yellow Anaconda, vok. Gelbe Anakonda) – smauglinių (Boidae) šeimos roplys. Dar vadinama pietine arba paragvajine anakonda. Kūnas iki 3 m ilgio. Panaši į anakondą, bet šoninėse dėmėse nėra baltų akučių.

Paplitusi Paragvajuje, Pietų Bolivijoje ir Argentinos šiaurėje. Reta rūšis. Nelaisvėje minta žuvimis, žiurkėmis ir pelėmis.


Vikiteka

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Gul anakonda ( Norveççe )

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Gul anakonda (vitenskapelig navn: Eunectes notaeus) er en kvelerslange og hører til boaslangenes familie (Boidae). De holder hovedsakelig til i Sør-Amerika i land som Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, vest i Brasil og nordøst i Argentina. Arten er representert i Kristiansand dyrepark.

Den er mindre enn den mer kjente grønne anakondaen, og de blir som regel rundt 3 meter lange, men det har vært registrert slanger opp til 5 meter lange. De er gule med svarte flekker. De lever for det meste i vannrike steder som myrvann og sumper, da de er meget dyktige svømmere. De jakter ofte ved å angripe fra underflaten, dette er fordi de er tregere og mye mer klumsete på land. Kosten består blant annet av hjort, villsvin, fugler og små gnagere, men også dyr som lever i vann, som for eksempel fisk.

Se også

Eksterne lenker

zoologistubbDenne zoologirelaterte artikkelen er foreløpig kort eller mangelfull, og du kan hjelpe Wikipedia ved å utvide den.
Det finnes mer utfyllende artikkel/artikler på .
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Gul anakonda: Brief Summary ( Norveççe )

wikipedia NO tarafından sağlandı

Gul anakonda (vitenskapelig navn: Eunectes notaeus) er en kvelerslange og hører til boaslangenes familie (Boidae). De holder hovedsakelig til i Sør-Amerika i land som Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, vest i Brasil og nordøst i Argentina. Arten er representert i Kristiansand dyrepark.

Den er mindre enn den mer kjente grønne anakondaen, og de blir som regel rundt 3 meter lange, men det har vært registrert slanger opp til 5 meter lange. De er gule med svarte flekker. De lever for det meste i vannrike steder som myrvann og sumper, da de er meget dyktige svømmere. De jakter ofte ved å angripe fra underflaten, dette er fordi de er tregere og mye mer klumsete på land. Kosten består blant annet av hjort, villsvin, fugler og små gnagere, men også dyr som lever i vann, som for eksempel fisk.

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Anakonda żółta ( Lehçe )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Anakonda żółta, anakonda paragwajska, anakonda południowa (Eunectes notaeus) – gatunek węża z rodziny dusicieli, występujący w Ameryce Południowej (m.in. w Argentynie, Brazylii, Boliwii, Paragwaju i Urugwaju). Mniejszy krewniak anakondy zielonej. Podobnie, jak inne anakondy jest gatunkiem ziemnowodnym.

Charakterystyka

Dość masywny wąż. Głowa wąska, słabo wyodrębniona od reszty ciała. Oczy i nozdrza umiejscowione stosunkowo wysoko na głowie, co jest przystosowaniem do ziemnowodnego trybu życia. Ciało węża jest żółte z czarnymi, owalnymi plamami. Wielkość anakondy żółtej sięga ok. 3,5 m (według niektórych źródeł czasem 4 m). Obecnie coraz częściej hodowany w terrariach gdzie osiąga ok. 3 m i rzadko ten rozmiar przekracza. Gatunek ten jest podobny do Eunectes deschauenseei.

Pożywienie i polowanie

Jak u reszty dusicieli polowanie polega na pochwyceniu ofiary uzębionym pyskiem i owinięcie się wokół niej splotami własnego ciała. Śmierć ofiary następuje najczęściej w wyniku utopienia z racji tego, że wąż jest biernym łowcą i najczęściej poluje leżąc w wodzie i czekając na ofiarę. Żywi się głównie rybami, ptakami i mniejszymi ssakami.

Przypisy

  1. Eunectes notaeus, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
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Anakonda żółta: Brief Summary ( Lehçe )

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Anakonda żółta, anakonda paragwajska, anakonda południowa (Eunectes notaeus) – gatunek węża z rodziny dusicieli, występujący w Ameryce Południowej (m.in. w Argentynie, Brazylii, Boliwii, Paragwaju i Urugwaju). Mniejszy krewniak anakondy zielonej. Podobnie, jak inne anakondy jest gatunkiem ziemnowodnym.

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Sucuri-amarela ( Portekizce )

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A sucuri-amarela (Eunectes notaeus) é uma espécie de cobra família Boidae originária de América do Sul. É menor que a sucuri-verde (Eunectes murinus) e por isso, suas presas são menores. Não é peçonhenta e mata suas presas por constrição.

Descrição

Possui um comprimento de 2,4 a 4,6 metros de comprimento e uma massa média de 30 kg, embora possa alcançar os 40 kg. As fêmeas normalmente são maiores do que os machos. Sucuris-amarelas recém nascidas medem cerca de 60 cm.[1]

 src=
Escamas de uma sucuri-amarela.

Reprodução

Sucuris-amarelas são monogâmicas em série e possuem um período de gestação de 6 meses. Entre Abril e Maio, esta espécie forma "bolas de reprodução", um aglomerado de machos em volta de uma única fêmea. Estes grupos costumam ficar juntos por aproximadamente um mês. São ovovivíparas e o número de filhotes em uma ninhada varia entre 4 e 82, sendo que o número médio é 40. Sucuris-amarelas atingem a maturidade sexual entre 3 e 4 anos de idade.[1]

 src=
Em um zoológico em Hluboká nad Vltavou, República Checa.

Distribuição geográfica

Habita pântanos e brejos, embora também possa ser vista em florestas e cavernas.[1] É encontrada, na Argentina, Bolívia, Paraguai, Uruguai e nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil.[2] Em agosto de 2018, uma cobra como essa de 2 m de comprimento foi descoberta no lago Latumer, em Latum, Meerbusch, na Alemanha.[3]

Alimentação

Sua alimentação consiste basicamente de aves, ovos, peixes, répteis (incluindo jacarés), pequenos mamíferos e até mesmo cervos, caititus e capivaras.[1] Possui uma dentição especializada denominada de dentição ágifa que consiste em vários dentes pequenos e finos curvados para trás o que impede que a presa escape e torne mais fácil a realização da constrição.

Referências

  1. a b c d «Eunectes notaeus (Yellow Anaconda)». Animal Diversity Web (em inglês). Consultado em 21 de março de 2018
  2. «Eunectes notaeus». The Reptile Database
  3. «Anakonda in Meerbuscher See entdeckt» (em alemão)
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Sucuri-amarela: Brief Summary ( Portekizce )

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A sucuri-amarela (Eunectes notaeus) é uma espécie de cobra família Boidae originária de América do Sul. É menor que a sucuri-verde (Eunectes murinus) e por isso, suas presas são menores. Não é peçonhenta e mata suas presas por constrição.

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Eunectes notaeus ( Vietnamca )

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Eunectes notaeus là một loài rắn trong họ Boidae. Loài này được Cope mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1862.[2] Đây là loài đặc hữu ở Nam Mỹ. Nó là một trong những loài rắn lớn nhất trên thế giới nhưng nhỏ hơn so với họ hàng gần gũi của nó, anaconda xanh lá cây. Giống như tất cả trăn khác, loài này không độc và giết chết con mồi của nó bằng cách siết chặt. Không có phân loài nào được công nhận. Cá thể lớn dài từ 3,3 đến 4,4 m (10,8 đến 14,4 ft) trong tổng chiều dài. Con cái thường lớn hơn con đực, và đã được báo cáo lên đến 4,6 m (15,1 ft) chiều dài. Chúng thường nặng từ 25 đến 35 kg (55 đến 77 lb), nhưng các mẫu thử nặng hơn 55 kg (121 lb) đã được quan sát thấy.

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  2. ^ Eunectes notaeus. The Reptile Database. Truy cập ngày 29 tháng 5 năm 2013.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến bộ bò sát có vảy này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Eunectes notaeus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamca )

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Eunectes notaeus là một loài rắn trong họ Boidae. Loài này được Cope mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1862. Đây là loài đặc hữu ở Nam Mỹ. Nó là một trong những loài rắn lớn nhất trên thế giới nhưng nhỏ hơn so với họ hàng gần gũi của nó, anaconda xanh lá cây. Giống như tất cả trăn khác, loài này không độc và giết chết con mồi của nó bằng cách siết chặt. Không có phân loài nào được công nhận. Cá thể lớn dài từ 3,3 đến 4,4 m (10,8 đến 14,4 ft) trong tổng chiều dài. Con cái thường lớn hơn con đực, và đã được báo cáo lên đến 4,6 m (15,1 ft) chiều dài. Chúng thường nặng từ 25 đến 35 kg (55 đến 77 lb), nhưng các mẫu thử nặng hơn 55 kg (121 lb) đã được quan sát thấy.

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黃水蚺 ( Çince )

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二名法 Eunectes notaeus
Cope,1862

黃水蚺學名Eunectes notaeus),又稱黃森蚺,是蛇亞目蚺科蚺亞科水蚺屬下的一種無毒蚺蛇,主要分布於南美洲,目前未有任何亞種被確認。[2]

特徵

成年的黃水蚺不及綠水蚺Eunectes murinus)般壯大,僅有3到4公尺,雌蛇一般比雄蛇巨型。[3]牠們的體色以黃色、淺金色或青黃色為基調,配合起伏有致的連串黑色圓紋及斑點。[3]

地理分布

黃水蚺主要分布於南美洲,包括玻利維亞東部、巴西南部、巴拉圭與及阿根廷東北部。標準產地為「巴拉圭河流域」。[1]

習性

黃水蚺多棲息於接近水源的地域或濕地,牠們主要進食麋鹿野豬鳥類或較大型的齧齒目動物,也會進食水中的生物,如各種魚類。事實上,黃水蚺更常在水中捕食,這是因為黃水蚺身體笨重,2公尺長已有25至30公斤重並可殺死大型犬隻,若成長到最大的4公尺長就可以有一個成年男性的體重,所以在陸地上移動並不靈活,相反牠們擅長於水中游動,捕食速度及效率亦較為理想。

備註

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 McDiarmid RW、Campbell JA、Touré T:《Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1》頁511,Herpetologists' League,1999年。ISBN 1-893777-00-6
  2. ^ Eunectes notaeus. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. 2008 [3 July, 2008] (英语). 请检查|access-date=中的日期值 (帮助)
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Mehrtens JM:《Living Snakes of the World in Color》頁480,紐約:Sterling Publishers,1987年。ISBN 0-8069-6460-X

外部連結

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黃水蚺: Brief Summary ( Çince )

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黃水蚺(學名:Eunectes notaeus),又稱黃森蚺,是蛇亞目蚺科蚺亞科水蚺屬下的一種無毒蚺蛇,主要分布於南美洲,目前未有任何亞種被確認。

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キイロアナコンダ ( Japonca )

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キイロアナコンダ キイロアナコンダ
キイロアナコンダ Eunectes notaeus
分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 爬虫綱 Reptilia : 有鱗目 Squamata 亜目 : ヘビ亜目 Serpentes : ボア科 Boidae 亜科 : ボア亜科 Boinae : アナコンダ属 Eunectes : キイロアナコンダ E. notaeus 学名 Eunectes notaeus
(Cope, 1862) 和名 キイロアナコンダ 英名 Yellow anaconda

キイロアナコンダ (Eunectes notaeus) は、ボア科アナコンダ属に分類されるヘビ。 特定動物かどうかが議論されることがあるがたとえば他種ではクサリヘビ科全種やヤマカガシ属全種などとかかれているがアナコンダは「アナコンダ」と書いてある以上、 アナコンダ属が対象ではなくまた、一般にアナコンダといった場合オオアナコンダを指すのであくまでもオオアナコンダが特定動物でありキイロアナコンダは特定動物ではない。


分布[編集]

ボリビア東部、ブラジル南部、パラグアイアルゼンチン北東部(コリエンテス州チャコ州フォルモサ州エントレ・リオス州ミシオネス州サンタフェ州)。模式産地はパラグアイ川流域。

亜種[編集]

亜種はない。

形態[編集]

世界最重量のヘビであるオオアナコンダと比較され、小さいというイメージが強いがそれでも平均で300-370cm、最大450cmになる大型種である。体色は黄色で、黒く長い斑紋がびっしりと入る。オスよりもメスのほうが大きくなる。

生態[編集]

沼や川、湿地帯などの水辺に生息する。 水棲傾向はオオアナコンダほど強くはないが水には良くはいる。

食性は動物食で魚類両生類、爬虫類、鳥類、小型哺乳類等を食べ、魚の死肉も食べる。他のボア類と比べて、やや大きめの餌を食べる傾向がある。捕食は乾季の6月から11月にかけて多くなる。狩りは待ち伏せと追いかけを巧妙に使い分けて行う。

参考文献[編集]

英語版wikipediaのキイロアナコンダの記事による。

関連項目[編集]

執筆の途中です この項目は、動物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますPortal:生き物と自然プロジェクト:生物)。
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キイロアナコンダ: Brief Summary ( Japonca )

wikipedia 日本語 tarafından sağlandı

キイロアナコンダ (Eunectes notaeus) は、ボア科アナコンダ属に分類されるヘビ。 特定動物かどうかが議論されることがあるがたとえば他種ではクサリヘビ科全種やヤマカガシ属全種などとかかれているがアナコンダは「アナコンダ」と書いてある以上、 アナコンダ属が対象ではなくまた、一般にアナコンダといった場合オオアナコンダを指すのであくまでもオオアナコンダが特定動物でありキイロアナコンダは特定動物ではない。


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황색아나콘다 ( Korece )

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황색아나콘다(yellow anaconda) 또는 파라과이아나콘다(Paraguayan anaconda)[1]남아메리카 원산의 무독성 왕뱀이다. 학명은 에우네크테스 노타에우스(Eunectes notaeus)이며, 현재까지 발견된 아종은 없다.[2]

  1. Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.
  2. “Eunectes notaeus”. 미국 통합 분류학 정보 시스템(Integrated Taxonomic Information System, ITIS).
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황색아나콘다: Brief Summary ( Korece )

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황색아나콘다(yellow anaconda) 또는 파라과이아나콘다(Paraguayan anaconda)는 남아메리카 원산의 무독성 왕뱀이다. 학명은 에우네크테스 노타에우스(Eunectes notaeus)이며, 현재까지 발견된 아종은 없다.

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