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Taxonomy. The genus Rhopalomastix is assigned to the tribe Melissotarsini (Bolton 2003). The worker of the single Vietnamese species has the following features.
Worker monomorphic; head subrectangular; frontal carina and antennal scrobe absent; frontal lobes touching or separated only by a narrow longitudinal impression; median portion of clypeus weakly convex anteriorly, lacking median clypeal seta but bearing a pair of thick and short submedian setae; mandible small, with 4 teeth; antenna 10-segmented, with 2-segmented club; scape very short, extending a little beyond midlength of head when laid backwards; eye relatively large, located well in front of midlength of side of head; mesosoma box-shaped; promesonotal suture absent dorsally; metanotal groove absent; propodeum unarmed; metapleural gland bulla large; propodeal lobe absent; fore- and hindfemora extremely widened and flattened distally; petiole nodiform, with relatively high node, anteroventrally with well-developed subpetiolar process; postpetiole much shorter than high, broadly attached to anteriormost portion of gaster; gastral shoulder absent.
The worker of Rhopalomastix is easily separated from those of other known Vietnamese myrmicine genera by a combination of the following characters: frontal lobes closely approximated; eye relatively large; mesosoma box-shaped; fore- and hindfemora extremely widened and flattened distally; postpetiole broadly attached to gaster.
Vietnamese species. One species has been found from Vietnam: sp. eg-1 [= sp. 3 of SKY: Eguchi et al., 2005] (Pu Mat, Tam Dao).
Bionomics. Rhopalomastix nests in spaces under the bark of standing tree trunks.
