Leotiomycetes

A widespread fungus found on barkless hardwood. Names include Lemon Drops and Yellow Fairy Cups. Photo from southwestern British Columbia.

Photographed in Mt Field National Park, along the Russell and Horseshoe Falls track.Bisporella citrinaLovely little Asco.IDENTIFYING AUSTRALIAN RAINFOREST PLANTS,TREES & FUNGI - Flick Group --> DATABASE INDEX - TAGS

Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy

Bisporella citrinaSlo.: rumena dvotroskaDat.: Oct. 06. 2012Lat.: 46.42773 Long.: 13.61550Code: Bot_665/2012_DSC5432 Habitat: In mixed alpine forest, dominant Fagus sylvatica with some Picea abies and Abies alba; east oriented mountain slope, calcareous bedrock however apparently acid soil (Vaccinium myrtillus); mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 2-4 deg C, elevation 1.470 m (4.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen, debarked trunk probably of Fagus sylvatica.Place: Mt. Mangart region, northeast ridge of Mt.Planja, 1.553 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Spores smooth. Dimensions: 10.4 (SD = 1.1) x 4.3 (SD = 0.4) , Q = 2.39 (SD = 0.14), n = 18. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Comments: Pileus diameter less than 2 mm; SP whitish-yellow, faint. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, LjubljanaRef.:(1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 332. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 371.(3) R.Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 144. (4) www.mycoquebec.org/bas.php?trie=B&l=l&nom=Bispore...

Bisporella citrinaSlo.: rumena dvotroskaDat.: Oct. 06. 2012Lat.: 46.42773 Long.: 13.61550Code: Bot_665/2012_DSC5432 Habitat: In mixed alpine forest, dominant Fagus sylvatica with some Picea abies and Abies alba; east oriented mountain slope, calcareous bedrock however apparently acid soil (Vaccinium myrtillus); mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 2-4 deg C, elevation 1.470 m (4.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen, debarked trunk probably of Fagus sylvatica.Place: Mt. Mangart region, northeast ridge of Mt.Planja, 1.553 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Spores smooth. Dimensions: 10.4 (SD = 1.1) x 4.3 (SD = 0.4) , Q = 2.39 (SD = 0.14), n = 18. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Comments: Pileus diameter less than 2 mm; SP whitish-yellow, faint. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, LjubljanaRef.:(1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 332. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 371.(3) R.Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 144. (4) www.mycoquebec.org/bas.php?trie=B&l=l&nom=Bispore...

Ossett, England, United Kingdom

Crowneast Churchyard, Worcs.SO812547

Bisporella citrinaSlo.: rumena dvotroskaDat.: Oct. 06. 2012Lat.: 46.42773 Long.: 13.61550Code: Bot_665/2012_DSC5432 Habitat: In mixed alpine forest, dominant Fagus sylvatica with some Picea abies and Abies alba; east oriented mountain slope, calcareous bedrock however apparently acid soil (Vaccinium myrtillus); mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 2-4 deg C, elevation 1.470 m (4.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen, debarked trunk probably of Fagus sylvatica.Place: Mt. Mangart region, northeast ridge of Mt.Planja, 1.553 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Spores smooth. Dimensions: 10.4 (SD = 1.1) x 4.3 (SD = 0.4) , Q = 2.39 (SD = 0.14), n = 18. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Comments: Pileus diameter less than 2 mm; SP whitish-yellow, faint. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, LjubljanaRef.:(1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 332. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 371.(3) R.Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 144. (4) www.mycoquebec.org/bas.php?trie=B&l=l&nom=Bispore...

Crowneast Churchyard, Worcs.SO812547

Bisporella citrinaSlo.: rumena dvotroskaDat.: Oct. 06. 2012Lat.: 46.42773 Long.: 13.61550Code: Bot_665/2012_DSC5432 Habitat: In mixed alpine forest, dominant Fagus sylvatica with some Picea abies and Abies alba; east oriented mountain slope, calcareous bedrock however apparently acid soil (Vaccinium myrtillus); mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 2-4 deg C, elevation 1.470 m (4.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen, debarked trunk probably of Fagus sylvatica.Place: Mt. Mangart region, northeast ridge of Mt.Planja, 1.553 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Spores smooth. Dimensions: 10.4 (SD = 1.1) x 4.3 (SD = 0.4) , Q = 2.39 (SD = 0.14), n = 18. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Comments: Pileus diameter less than 2 mm; SP whitish-yellow, faint. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, LjubljanaRef.:(1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 332. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 371.(3) R.Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 144. (4) www.mycoquebec.org/bas.php?trie=B&l=l&nom=Bispore...

Bisporella citrinaSlo.: rumena dvotroskaDat.: Oct. 06. 2012Lat.: 46.42773 Long.: 13.61550Code: Bot_665/2012_DSC5432 Habitat: In mixed alpine forest, dominant Fagus sylvatica with some Picea abies and Abies alba; east oriented mountain slope, calcareous bedrock however apparently acid soil (Vaccinium myrtillus); mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 2-4 deg C, elevation 1.470 m (4.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen, debarked trunk probably of Fagus sylvatica.Place: Mt. Mangart region, northeast ridge of Mt.Planja, 1.553 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Spores smooth. Dimensions: 10.4 (SD = 1.1) x 4.3 (SD = 0.4) , Q = 2.39 (SD = 0.14), n = 18. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Comments: Pileus diameter less than 2 mm; SP whitish-yellow, faint. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, LjubljanaRef.:(1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 332. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 371.(3) R.Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 144. (4) www.mycoquebec.org/bas.php?trie=B&l=l&nom=Bispore...

Haugh Wood Herefordshire.

This tiny ascomycete appears earlier than any other visible fungus. It usually grows on birch (Betula) catkins.

Gratkorn, Styria, Austria

Gratkorn, Styria, Austria

Gratkorn, Styria, Austria

Gratkorn, Styria, Austria

Gratkorn, Styria, Austria

Gratkorn, Styria, Austria

Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy

Lachnellula occidentalis (G.G. Hahn & Ayers) Dharne, syn.: Dasyscyphus occidentalis G.G. Hahn & Ayers, Dasyscyphus willkommii var. hahnianus (Seaver) Robak, Lachnella hahniana Seaver, Lachnellula hahniana (Seaver) Dennis, Trichoscyphella hahniana (Seaver) MannerFamily: Hyaloscyphaceae EN: no name found, DE Gemeines Lrchen-Haarbecherchen, Lrchen-HaarbecherchenSlo.: mecesnova kosmievkaDat.: Dec. 27. 2019Lat.: 46.36030 Long.: 13.702342Code: Bot_1272/2019_DSC8863Habitat: abandoned pasture with some scattered trees and bushes; slightly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal ground; sunny, relatively dry and warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.970 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: thin, dead, fallen of branch of a Larix decidua tree; planted about 40 years ago.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta; right bank of river Soa, near the cottage Trenta 2b; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: No microscopy has been done on these specimens, therefore the determination is not reliable. There exist several similar species of the genus Lachnellula. This find can easily be very similar Lachnellula willkommii. Both species (some people suspect that both are actually the same species) are widespread and among the most common in the genus.The pictures show the fungi in a relatively dry state. Therefore, the fruit bodies look mainly as a small, white, wooly tufts. In humid conditions they 'open' and show their bright yellow-orange hymenium. Also it appears that not all fruit bodies are fully developed. May be due to quite cold weather at the time of observation, although Lachnellula species are known to be fairly resistant to cold and dryness. Ref.: (1) www.natur-in-nrw.de/HTML/Pilze/Ascomycota/PAS-175.html (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.xx. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 196. 12-17/3,5-6.

Lachnellula occidentalisDE Gemeines Lrchen-HaarbecherchenSlo.: ?Dat.: Dec. 31. 2013Lat.: 46.36021 Long.: 13.70220Code: Bot_778/2013_DSC9552Habitat: alpine valley, mixed forest edge, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Ostrya carprinifolia, Larix decidua, Fraxinus ornus, Fraxinus excelsior, Corylus avellana; modestly southeast inclined mountain slope, calcareous ground (overgrown old scree, rocks and boulders), limestone bedrock, relatively dry and warm place, partly sunny, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead, thin branches of Larix decidua still attached to the tree.Place: Lower Trenta valley, near 'Na Melu' place, between villages Soa and Trenta, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Several fruit bodies on several branches were found. The determination seems to me quite certain in spite of the fact that there exists many species in genus. L. occidentalis has relatively large spores, which, together with the substratum, much reduces number of options. The only eventual alternative seems to be Lachnellula willcommii. However it has broader spores (8-10 microns) and it is usually associated with Larix decidua cankers. All observed fruitbodies, except one (Figs. 9. and 10.), seem to grow on normal not deformed branches. Spores smooth. Dimensions: (16.4) 17.8 - 21.8 (24.6) x (4.8) 6 - 7.9 (9.1) microns, Q = (2.2) 2.4 - 3.4 (3.7) ; N = 31; Me = 20 x 7 microns ; Qe = 2.9. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Fruit body close up: Novex Trinocular. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef. and cited spore dimensions:(1) linnet.geog.ubc.ca/Atlas/Atlas.aspx?sciname=Lachnellula%2... 12-17 x 3.5-6 microns(2) nt.ars- grin.gov/taxadescriptions/factsheets/pdfPrintFile.cfm?thisApp=Lachnellulawillkommii 5-8.5 um wide(3) Dichotomous key to Lachnellula (worldwide), (Trichoscyphelloideae, Lachnaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycetes), with a synoptic table of characters (H.O. Baral, Feb. 2000, with updates until 2008, unpublished) available at 'In vivo veritas' Baral 14(16-22)24/7-8(9,5)(4) www.ascofrance.com/forum/21908/lachnellula-on-larix 16.3-20.8 X 5.6-7.1(5) www.natur-in-nrw.de/HTML/Pilze/Ascomycota/PAS-175.html (13) 17-20 (24) x 5-8 m, (6) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.xx. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 196. 12-17/3,5-6. (7) L. Hanse and H. Knudsen, Nordic Macromycetes cited in Ref.: (4) 18-20 X 7-9 m

Lachnellula occidentalis (G.G. Hahn & Ayers) Dharne, syn.: Dasyscyphus occidentalis G.G. Hahn & Ayers, Dasyscyphus willkommii var. hahnianus (Seaver) Robak, Lachnella hahniana Seaver, Lachnellula hahniana (Seaver) Dennis, Trichoscyphella hahniana (Seaver) MannerFamily: Hyaloscyphaceae EN: no name found, DE Gemeines Lrchen-Haarbecherchen, Lrchen-HaarbecherchenSlo.: mecesnova kosmievkaDat.: Dec. 27. 2019Lat.: 46.36030 Long.: 13.702342Code: Bot_1272/2019_DSC8863Habitat: abandoned pasture with some scattered trees and bushes; slightly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal ground; sunny, relatively dry and warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.970 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: thin, dead, fallen of branch of a Larix decidua tree; planted about 40 years ago.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta; right bank of river Soa, near the cottage Trenta 2b; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: No microscopy has been done on these specimens, therefore the determination is not reliable. There exist several similar species of the genus Lachnellula. This find can easily be very similar Lachnellula willkommii. Both species (some people suspect that both are actually the same species) are widespread and among the most common in the genus.The pictures show the fungi in a relatively dry state. Therefore, the fruit bodies look mainly as a small, white, wooly tufts. In humid conditions they 'open' and show their bright yellow-orange hymenium. Also it appears that not all fruit bodies are fully developed. May be due to quite cold weather at the time of observation, although Lachnellula species are known to be fairly resistant to cold and dryness. Ref.: (1) www.natur-in-nrw.de/HTML/Pilze/Ascomycota/PAS-175.html (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.xx. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 196. 12-17/3,5-6.

Lachnellula occidentalis (G.G. Hahn & Ayers) Dharne, syn.: Dasyscyphus occidentalis G.G. Hahn & Ayers, Dasyscyphus willkommii var. hahnianus (Seaver) Robak, Lachnella hahniana Seaver, Lachnellula hahniana (Seaver) Dennis, Trichoscyphella hahniana (Seaver) MannerFamily: Hyaloscyphaceae EN: no name found, DE Gemeines Lrchen-Haarbecherchen, Lrchen-HaarbecherchenSlo.: mecesnova kosmievkaDat.: Dec. 27. 2019Lat.: 46.36030 Long.: 13.702342Code: Bot_1272/2019_DSC8863Habitat: abandoned pasture with some scattered trees and bushes; slightly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; calcareous, skeletal ground; sunny, relatively dry and warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.970 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: thin, dead, fallen of branch of a Larix decidua tree; planted about 40 years ago.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta; right bank of river Soa, near the cottage Trenta 2b; East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: No microscopy has been done on these specimens, therefore the determination is not reliable. There exist several similar species of the genus Lachnellula. This find can easily be very similar Lachnellula willkommii. Both species (some people suspect that both are actually the same species) are widespread and among the most common in the genus.The pictures show the fungi in a relatively dry state. Therefore, the fruit bodies look mainly as a small, white, wooly tufts. In humid conditions they 'open' and show their bright yellow-orange hymenium. Also it appears that not all fruit bodies are fully developed. May be due to quite cold weather at the time of observation, although Lachnellula species are known to be fairly resistant to cold and dryness. Ref.: (1) www.natur-in-nrw.de/HTML/Pilze/Ascomycota/PAS-175.html (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.xx. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 196. 12-17/3,5-6.