Aspiviridae, formerly Ophioviridae, is a family of segmented negative-strand RNA viruses which infect plants. Member viruses are characterized by an elongated and highly filamentous and flexible nucleocapsid with helical symmetry.[1] It is a monotypic taxon containing only one genus, Ophiovirus.[2] Aspiviridae is also the only family in the order Serpentovirales, which in turn is the only order in the class Milneviricetes.[3]
The name Aspiviridae derives from the Latin aspis (snake or viper), referring to the shape, along with the suffix for a virus family -viridae.[4] Ophiovirus derives from the Ancient Greek ophis, “snake”, with –virus the suffix for a virus genus.[5] Likewise, Serpentovirales is from "serpent" with -virales the suffix for a virus order.[4] Milneviricetes is in honor of Robert G. Milne, the last author on the first paper describing ophioviruses.[4][6]
The protein capsid is non-enveloped and has a constant diameter of 1500–2500 nm and a width of 3 nm, or 9 nm. The capsids form kinked circles, which can collapse to form linear duplex structures, much like a spring.[3]
Member viruses have segmented, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genomes. The entire genome is 11000–12000 nucleotides long.[3][7]
The family has one genus, Ophiovirus, which has seven recognized species. Members of both the family and the genus are referred to as ophioviruses.[3]
Collapsed form of the large Freesia sneak ophiovirus particle. Negative-contrast electron micrograph (uranyl acetate); bar: 100 nm. Aspiviridae, formerly Ophioviridae, is a family of segmented negative-strand RNA viruses which infect plants. Member viruses are characterized by an elongated and highly filamentous and flexible nucleocapsid with helical symmetry. It is a monotypic taxon containing only one genus, Ophiovirus. Aspiviridae is also the only family in the order Serpentovirales, which in turn is the only order in the class Milneviricetes.
Ophiovirus est un genre de virus, l'unique genre de la famille monotypique des Aspiviridae, de l’ordre des Serpentovirales et de la classe des Milneviricetes. Il comprend sept espèces. Ce sont des virus à ARN à simple brin à polarité négative qui infectent les plantes (phytovirus). Ce genre est classé dans le groupe V de la classification Baltimore.
Le nom de la famille « Aspiviridae » dérive du terme latin « aspis » (serpent ou vipère), en référence à la morphologie des virions, avec le suffixe « -viridae » qui caractérise les noms de famille de virus[5].
Le nom générique « Ophiovirus » dérive du grec ancien « ophis » (ὄφῐς), « serpent », en référence à la morphologie des virions, suivi du suffixe -virus qui caractérise les noms de genres de virus[5].
Selon NCBI (21 décembre 2020)[6] :
Ophiovirus est un genre de virus, l'unique genre de la famille monotypique des Aspiviridae, de l’ordre des Serpentovirales et de la classe des Milneviricetes. Il comprend sept espèces. Ce sont des virus à ARN à simple brin à polarité négative qui infectent les plantes (phytovirus). Ce genre est classé dans le groupe V de la classification Baltimore.
