Definission: Hemiboreal pine and birch-pine herb-rich open forests on fertile soils of the Southern Urals and Southern Siberia, and relict birch-poplar forests of Europe
Definission: Dry grassland and steppe vegetation of mostly base- and colloid-rich soils in the submediterranean, nemoral and hemiboreal zones of Europe
Definission: Thermophilous forest fringe and tall-herb vegetation in nutrient-poor sites in the submediterranean to subboreal zones of Europe and the Macaronesia