Notochampsa

Notochampsa is an extinct genus of protosuchian crocodylomorph.^[2] Fossils have been found from the lower Clarens Formation of the Karoo Supergroup in South Africa, dating back to the Pliensbachian stage of the Early Jurassic.^[3][4][5] Notochampsa comes from a period of relative fossil scarcity, and is the youngest known occurrence of a crocodylomorph (and vertebrate body fossil) from the Karoo Basin of South Africa.^[1]

Taxonomy

The genus was named in a paper published in 1904 by Robert Broom.^[6] The type species was named N. istedana, and a second species, named N. longipes, was also described. Later in 1924, N. longipes was given its own genus, Erythrochampsa.^[7] In that paper, Sidney Haughton created the family Notochampsidae for Notochampsa. Notochampsa was later used to include other genera of protosuchians such as Dyoplax, Pedeticosaurus, Platyognathus, and Protosuchus,^[8] and later Microchampsa and Orthosuchus.^[9] Notochampsa had also once been assigned to the suborder Sphenosuchia.^[10] A revision in 2021 found it valid taxon, and phylogenetic analysis recovered it as sister to Orthosuchus, in a monophyletic Notochampsidae.^[1]

References

諾托鱷龍屬（學名：Notochampsa）是種已滅絕鱷形超目，是原鱷亞目的一屬^[1]，化石被發現於南非的卡魯超群的艾略特組上層、以及克萊倫斯組（Clarens Formation）下層，地質年代相當於侏羅紀早期^[2][3][4]。

在1904年，羅伯特·布魯姆（Robert Broom）敘述、命名這些化石，模式種是伊氏諾托鱷龍（N. istedana）^[5]。同時，布魯姆還命名第二個種，長足諾托鱷龍（N. longipes）。在1924年，長足諾托鱷龍被建立為新屬，紅鱷龍屬（Erythrochampsa）^[6]。

諾托鱷龍科（Notochampsidae）名稱來自於諾托鱷龍屬，近年學界較少使用諾托鱷龍科，本科普遍被認為可能是原鱷科的異名^[7]。在過去歷史中，諾托鱷龍科曾經包含：佩德弋鱷、原鱷、Dyoplax、Platyognathus^[8]，以及直鱷、Microchampsa^[9]。 諾托鱷龍曾經被歸類於喙頭鱷亞目^[10]。

參考資料