Micoletzkya is a genus of predatory bark-beetle-associated nematodes in the family Diplogastridae.[1][2] The genus was named for the Austrian nematologist Heinrich Micoletzky. As of 2013 it consists of 25 described species.[3]
Nematodes of Micoletzkya live in symbiosis with bark beetles.[4] The hosts include economically important species across North America and Europe such as the mountain pine beetle Dendroctonus ponderosae and European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus.[4][5][6] The life history of the nematodes is closely linked to that of their hosts. Infective (dauer) larvae of Micoletzkya attach themselves onto the body surface of a beetle for transmission and resume their development in host breeding galleries. In the bark beetle galleries, nematodes go through a few free-living generations, presumably feeding on beetle-associated microorganisms and other nematodes, after which dauer larvae develop and attach to newly emerging bark beetles for transmission.[4]
Micoletzkya nematodes are remarkably host specific, with most species found in association with only a single host species. Nematodes of this genus are vertically transmitted within host populations, which fosters cospeciation with bark beetles and adaptation to particular groups of hosts. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that diversification of the genus was largely influenced by the evolutionary radiation of bark beetles.[6]
Like many other members of the diplogastrid family,[7] Micoletzkya nematodes have movable opposing teeth and show a mouth dimorphism. Dimorphic species of the genus can express two alternative mouth phenotypes: stenostomatous (narrow mouth and small teeth) and eurystomatous (wide mouth and large teeth).[8] The two alternative phenotypes are thought to represent a resource polyphenism, or specialized for feeding on different foods, such as microorganisms and other nematodes respectively.[9]
Micoletzkya adults and larvae can be found in breeding galleries of bark beetles; dauer juveniles of the nematodes can be isolated from dispersing beetles. Many Micoletzkya species are cultured using bacteria; some species can be cultured using C. elegans and other nematodes as food. At 23 °C, the generation time of Micoletzkya is about 10 days.[3]
Micoletzkya is a genus of predatory bark-beetle-associated nematodes in the family Diplogastridae. The genus was named for the Austrian nematologist Heinrich Micoletzky. As of 2013 it consists of 25 described species.
Micoletzkya Weingärtner, 1955
Синонимы
Micoletzkya (лат.) — род хищных круглых червей семейства Diplogastridae Micoletzky, 1922 (или Neodiplogasteridae) из отряда Rhabditida (или Diplogasterida, Nematoda). Более 25 видов[1][2][3].
Ассоциированы с жуками, в том числе с жуками-короедами (Scolytinae)[3]. Среди хозяев несколько экономически важных видов короедов, например, Dendroctonus ponderosae и короед-типограф (Ips typographus)[3][4][5]. Подобно другим членам семейства диплогастрид представители рода Micoletzkya имеют подвижные противостоящие друг другу ротовые зубцы и демонстрируют ротовой диморфизм в виде двух фенотипов: стеностоматные (узкий рот и мелкие зубцы) и эвристоматные (широкий рот и крупные зубцы)[6]. Эти два альтернативных фенотипа представляют ресурсный полифенизм и специализацию на питании различными источниками пищи, такими как микроорганизмы и другие нематоды, соответственно[7]. Нематоды рода Micoletzkya имеют строго определённых хозяев и большинство их видов ассоциированы только с одним единственным видов жуков-хозяев. Филогенетические данные свидетельствуют о том, что на диверсификацию рода в значительной степени повлияла эволюционная радиации жуков-короедов[5].
Более 25 видов. Родовое название дано в честь австрийского нематолога Хенриха Миколецкого (Henrich Micoletzky)[3][8].
Micoletzkya (лат.) — род хищных круглых червей семейства Diplogastridae Micoletzky, 1922 (или Neodiplogasteridae) из отряда Rhabditida (или Diplogasterida, Nematoda). Более 25 видов.
