Vernonia missurica, the Missouri ironweed,[3] is a species of magenta-flowered perennial plant from family Asteraceae native to the central and east central United States.
The plant is 90–150 cm (3–5 ft) in height and 90–120 cm (3–4 ft) in width,[4] and in some cases can exceed up to 180 cm (6 ft). The leaves are dark green in color and alternating.[5]
The flowers of Vernonia missurica bloom in July and August[4] and are magenta with reddish-brown bracts. Each flower head is 100–180 mm (4–7 in) in length and 15 mm (1⁄2 in) in diameter, with 30–60 disk florets. Vernonia missurica has a central stout stem that is covered with white hairs, and the flowers grow close to each other and have rayless heads. Stems are hairy and reddish-brown.[5]
Vernonia missurica is native to the central and east central United States namely Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas.[2]
The species grows in river bottom woods, wet prairies, fens, and sedge meadows.[6]
Vernonia missurica is typically visited by long-tongued bees, butterflies, and skippers. In the absence of these pollinators, the plant is capable of self-pollinating. It is pollinated by various bees such as members of the genus Bombus (bumblebees), the tribe Epeolini (epeoline cuckoo bees), the family Halictidae (halictid bees), and the genus Andrena (miner bees). Lepidoptera (butterflies), including those of the family Hesperiidae (skippers), are also frequent visitors. Some caterpillars feed on the plant, including the most common guests of Grammia parthenice (Parthenice tiger moth), Perigea xanthioides (red groundling), and Papaipema cerussata (ironweed borer moth). Herbivorous mammals avoid the plant due to its bitter taste.[7]
Vernonia missurica, the Missouri ironweed, is a species of magenta-flowered perennial plant from family Asteraceae native to the central and east central United States.
Vernonia missurica es una especie de planta perenne de la familia de las asteráceas.[1] Se encuentra en Estados Unidos y Canadá.
Alcanza un tamaño de 0.91 a 1.5 m de alto y 0,91 a 1,2 m de ancho,[2] y, en algunos casos, la planta puede exceder un máximo de 1,8 m. Las hojas de la planta son de color verde oscuro y se dispones de forma alterna.[3] Las flores se producen de julio a agosto, y son de color magenta rojizo-marrón, con brácteas. Cada flor tiene 30-60 flósculos en el disco. Tienen tronco central grueso que está cubierta de pelos blancos. Las flores crecen cerca una de otra y no tienen radios. Sus tallos son pubescentes y de color marrón rojizo en color.[3]
La planta crece en la riveras de los ríos en los bosques, praderas húmedas, pantanos, y prados de juncias.[4]
La planta es polinizada por abejas, abejorros, abejas Halictidae y las abejas minadoras, mariposas y polillas son también de visitantes frecuentes. Algunas de orugas se alimentan de la planta, las más comunes son Grammia parthenice, Perigea xanthioides y Papaipema cerussata. Herbívoros y mamíferos evitan la especie debido a su sabor amargo.[5]
Vernonia missurica fue descrita por Constantine Samuel Rafinesque y publicado en Herbarium Rafinesquianum 28–29. 1833.[6]
Vernonia missurica es una especie de planta perenne de la familia de las asteráceas. Se encuentra en Estados Unidos y Canadá.
Vernonia missurica adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Asteraceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Asterales. Spesies Vernonia missurica sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus Vernonia.[1] Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini pertama kali diterbitkan oleh .
Vernonia missurica adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Asteraceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Asterales. Spesies Vernonia missurica sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus Vernonia. Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini pertama kali diterbitkan oleh .
Vernonia missurica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. Loài này được Raf. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1833.[1]
Vernonia missurica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. Loài này được Raf. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1833.
