Biology
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da Arkive
The flowers of the greater cobra lily, which bloom from July until September (2), have adapted to pollination by sunbirds (Nectarinia species). The elongated, tubular structure, the bright colours, and the protruding stamens and style, are all designed to ensure that pollen is deposited on the sunbird, or pollen from another plant is rubbed off, as the sunbird inserts its long bill to feed on the relatively large quantities of nectar (4).
The greater cobra lily not only uses birds to carry out pollination, but also to disperse the seeds that are produced following pollination and fertilisation. While the seeds have no fleshy covering or nutritious value, their bright orange colour attracts birds to eat them. The seeds pass through the bird's digestive system relatively undamaged, to be excreted some distance from the parent plant (4).
Conservation
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da Arkive
Within the Cape Floristic Region, there are a number of protected areas (8), such as the Fernkloof Nature Reserve, in which this species occurs (9). In addition, a number of conservation organisations are working to conserve the botanically rich habitat of the Cape Floristic Region. Conservation actions include purchasing land to protect it from the threats of encroaching agriculture and urban development (10), the removal of alien plants, and the establishment of new protected areas (7).
Description
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da Arkive
The greater cobra lily is a striking, winter-growing South African plant with sword-shaped leaves that envelope the lower part of the erect stem at their base (4). The distinctive flowers of the greater cobra lily gave rise to its scientific name; floribundus means 'flowering profusely' in Latin. The flowers are long, tubular and flare gradually towards the opening, with the stamens and style protruding beyond the petals (2) (4). The flowers of the common variety Chasmanthe floribunda var. floribunda are in appealing hues of bright orange or scarlet, while the yellow cobra lily (Chasmanthe floribunda var. duckittii) bears distinctive yellow flowers (5). Species of Chasmanthe have a corm; an underground bulb-like organ, with dry, papery coverings, that acts as a food store for the plant (4). The fruit of the greater cobra lily is a dry capsule that tapers to a distinctive, nipple-like point. When ripe, the firm, dry walls of the capsule split open to expose unusually large, round seeds, enveloped in a hard, smooth, bright orange coat (4).
Habitat
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da Arkive
The greater cobra lily inhabits coastal and montane scrub, where it grows on sandstone and granite (2) (6).
Range
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da Arkive
Endemic to the Cape Floristic Region, a 'hot-spot' of plant diversity in south-western South Africa. The greater cobra lily occurs from the Bokkeveld Mountains, south to Hermanus (2). The yellow cobra lily variety (C. f. var. duckittii) is found at only a few locations in the vicinity of the small town of Darling (5).
Status
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da Arkive
Variety Chasmanthe floribunda var. duckittii, the yellow cobra lily, is classified as Rare on the Red Data List of Southern African Plants (3).
Threats
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da Arkive
The yellow cobra lily (C. f. var. duckittii) has been classified as Rare on the Red Data List of Southern African Plants, meaning that due to the small size and restricted distribution of the population, an expected threat could easily cause a critical decline (3). Such threats could include urban development, the encroachment of agriculture, or the invasion of alien plant species; threats which are currently impacting the habitat of the Cape Floristic Region (7).
Comments
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Chasmanthe floribunda has escaped from gardens and has become naturalized locally. It is native to the winter-rainfall region of South Africa. The species has been confused in North America with C. aethiopica (Linnaeus) N. E. Brown, which has similar flowers but is a smaller plant with unbranched stems, normally flowering in the early winter months.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Plants 60–120 cm; corm depressed-globose, 40–70 mm diam. Stems 1–2-branched. Leaves 8–10, mostly basal, basal longer than cauline; blade lanceolate, ± reaching base of spike, 18–35 mm wide. Spikes 25–40-flowered; outer spathe 13–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate; inner ± equaling outer, apex bifurcate; flowers distichous. Tepals: perianth tube 35–45 mm, 9–12 mm proximally, often twisted, ca. 40 mm distally, base pouched; dorsal tepal horizontal, 28–33 × 7–9 mm, much exceeding others; lateral tepals patent or recurved, 12–15 × 4–7 mm; lower median tepal slightly smaller than laterals; filaments 50–55 mm; anthers 7–8 mm; ovary 6–9 mm, style branching shortly below and opposite to anthers (or exceeding them); branches 7–10 mm. Capsules 10–15 mm. Seeds 5–7 mm diam.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
introduced; Calif.; South Africa.
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Flowering/Fruiting
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Flowering mostly Feb--May.
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Habitat
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Road verges, grassy slopes; 0--100m.
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Synonym
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Antholyza floribunda Salisbury, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 324. 1812; A. prealta Redouté
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Piempiempie
(
Afrikaans
)
fornì da wikipedia AF
Die piempiempie[1] (Chasmanthe floribunda (Salisb.) N.E.Br.) is 'n plant wat endemies is aan Suid-Afrika. Dit kom in die Wes- en Noord-Kaap voor en dit is op die SANBI-rooilys as 'veilig' (LC) gelys.[2] Moenie hierdie plant met die pempempie van die ooste van Suid-Afrika en eSwatini verwar nie. Hulle is nie naverwante spesies nie.
Dit is 'n bladwisselende geofiet wat 50 tot 120 cm hoog word en knolle vorm wat 6 -7 cm in deursnee word. Die stam is regop en gewoonlik vertak. Die blare is swaardvormig en 2,5 - 3,5 cm breed. Die blomme is sonder reuk en vorm 2 - 2,5 lang oranje pypies. Die variant var. duckittii het gelerige blomme. Jangroentjies en kleinrooibandsuikerbekkies besoek die blomme vir die nektar en bevrug die plant.[3]
Fotogalery
Verwysings
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Piempiempie: Brief Summary
(
Afrikaans
)
fornì da wikipedia AF
Die piempiempie (Chasmanthe floribunda (Salisb.) N.E.Br.) is 'n plant wat endemies is aan Suid-Afrika. Dit kom in die Wes- en Noord-Kaap voor en dit is op die SANBI-rooilys as 'veilig' (LC) gelys. Moenie hierdie plant met die pempempie van die ooste van Suid-Afrika en eSwatini verwar nie. Hulle is nie naverwante spesies nie.
Dit is 'n bladwisselende geofiet wat 50 tot 120 cm hoog word en knolle vorm wat 6 -7 cm in deursnee word. Die stam is regop en gewoonlik vertak. Die blare is swaardvormig en 2,5 - 3,5 cm breed. Die blomme is sonder reuk en vorm 2 - 2,5 lang oranje pypies. Die variant var. duckittii het gelerige blomme. Jangroentjies en kleinrooibandsuikerbekkies besoek die blomme vir die nektar en bevrug die plant.
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Chasmanthe floribunda
(
Catalan; Valensian
)
fornì da wikipedia CA
Chasmanthe floribunda és una espècie herbàcia i perenne de la família de les Iridàcies. Se l'utilitza com a planta ornamental a diverses parts del món.
Descripció
És una herba perenne, de fullatge decidu, bulbosa i ornamental, nativa de Sud-àfrica de la mateixa manera que les restants espècies de Chasmanthe. És una espècie que aconsegueix una gran grandària, de fins a 1,2 m d'alçada, amb fulles ensiformes de 30 a 60 cm de longitud i de 3 a 5 cm d'ample i flors tubulars de color vermell-ataronjat en una espiga erecta. Vegeta a l'hivern, floreix a la primavera i roman en repòs durant l'estiu.
Cultiu
Per al seu cultiu necessita un sòl molt ben drenat i un lloc a ple Sol. Es propaga fàcilment pels bulbs que creixen al voltant del corm original. També es multiplica per llavors.
Galeria
Bibliografia
- Dimitri, M. 1987. Enciclopedia Argentina de Agricultura y Jardinería. Tomo I. Descripción de plantas cultivadas. Editorial ACME S.A.C.I., Buenos AIres.
Enllaços externs
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Chasmanthe floribunda: Brief Summary
(
Catalan; Valensian
)
fornì da wikipedia CA
Chasmanthe floribunda és una espècie herbàcia i perenne de la família de les Iridàcies. Se l'utilitza com a planta ornamental a diverses parts del món.
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Chasmanthe floribunda
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da wikipedia EN
Chasmanthe floribunda is a species of flowering plant in the iris family which is known by the common name African flag. This plant is endemic to Cape Province in South Africa, but it has been introduced to other areas of similar climate, and is considered to be naturalized in California, Algeria, Australia, Argentina, and St. Helena.[1][2][3][4][5]
Chasmanthe floribunda is a perennial herbaceous plant sprouting from a corm and producing clumps of long, narrow leaves. It erects one thin, tall stem which may approach a meter in height. Atop the stem is a spike inflorescence holding 20 to 40 flowers in neat vertical rows. The flower is a curving tube with a long upper lobe curving down over smaller lobes. From the mouth of the flower protrude the stamens with their large, hanging anthers, and the style. The flower is generally bright orange-red or scarlet on the upper lobe and yellow to orange in the lower lobes.
Chasmanthe emerges from the ground in autumn in the Western Cape, South Africa, after the first winter rains. It is frequented by sunbirds, which feed on the nectar it provides at this time of year. It flourishes and flowers in both sun and shade.
- Varieties[1]
-
Chasmanthe floribunda var. duckittii G.J.Lewis ex L.Bolus
-
Chasmanthe floribunda var. floribunda – Yellow cobra lily
Chasmanthe floribunda in habitat near Cape Town, South Africa
References
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- Wikipedia authors and editors
Chasmanthe floribunda: Brief Summary
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da wikipedia EN
Chasmanthe floribunda is a species of flowering plant in the iris family which is known by the common name African flag. This plant is endemic to Cape Province in South Africa, but it has been introduced to other areas of similar climate, and is considered to be naturalized in California, Algeria, Australia, Argentina, and St. Helena.
Chasmanthe floribunda is a perennial herbaceous plant sprouting from a corm and producing clumps of long, narrow leaves. It erects one thin, tall stem which may approach a meter in height. Atop the stem is a spike inflorescence holding 20 to 40 flowers in neat vertical rows. The flower is a curving tube with a long upper lobe curving down over smaller lobes. From the mouth of the flower protrude the stamens with their large, hanging anthers, and the style. The flower is generally bright orange-red or scarlet on the upper lobe and yellow to orange in the lower lobes.
Chasmanthe emerges from the ground in autumn in the Western Cape, South Africa, after the first winter rains. It is frequented by sunbirds, which feed on the nectar it provides at this time of year. It flourishes and flowers in both sun and shade.
Varieties Chasmanthe floribunda var. duckittii G.J.Lewis ex L.Bolus Chasmanthe floribunda var. floribunda – Yellow cobra lily
Chasmanthe floribunda in habitat near Cape Town, South Africa
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Chasmanthe floribunda
(
Spagneul; Castilian
)
fornì da wikipedia ES
El lirio cobra (Chasmanthe floribunda (Salisb.) N.E.Br. ) es una especie herbácea y perenne perteneciente a la familia de las iridáceas. Se la utiliza como ornamental en varias partes del mundo.
Descripción
Es una hierba perenne, de follaje deciduo, bulbosa y ornamental, nativa de Sudáfrica al igual que las restantes especies de Chasmanthe. Es una especie que alcanza gran tamaño, hasta 1,2 m, con hojas ensiformes de 30 a 60 cm de largo y 3 a 5 cm de ancho y flores tubulares de color rojo-anaranjado en una espiga erecta. Vegeta en invierno, florece en primavera y permanece en reposo durante el verano.
Cultivo
Para su cultivo necesita un suelo muy bien drenado y un lugar a pleno sol.
Se propaga fácilmente por los bulbillos que crecen alrededor del cormo original. También se multiplica por semillas.
Taxonomía
Chasmanthe floribunda fue descrita por Salisb. N.E.Br. y publicado en Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 20(3): 274. 1932.[1]
- Etimología
Chasmanthe: nombre genérico que procede del griego chasme, que significa abierto, partido y anthos, que significa flor, haciendo referencia a los tépalos incisos o partidos.
floribunda: epíteto latíno que significa "profusamente floreada".[2]
- Sinonimia
-
Antholyza floribunda Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 324 (1812).
-
Petamenes floribunda (Salisb.) E.Phillips, Bothalia 4: 44 (1941).[3]
- Antholyza praealta Delile[4]
Referencias
Bibliografía
-
Dimitri, M. 1987. Enciclopedia Argentina de Agricultura y Jardinería. Tomo I. Descripción de plantas cultivadas. Editorial ACME S.A.C.I., Buenos AIres.
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Chasmanthe floribunda: Brief Summary
(
Spagneul; Castilian
)
fornì da wikipedia ES
El lirio cobra (Chasmanthe floribunda (Salisb.) N.E.Br. ) es una especie herbácea y perenne perteneciente a la familia de las iridáceas. Se la utiliza como ornamental en varias partes del mundo.
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Vista de la planta
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Chasmanthe floribunda
(
ucrain
)
fornì da wikipedia UK
Опис
Ця багаторічна рослина 60–120 см росте з бульбоцибулин, виробляє згустки довгих, вузьких листків. Стебла 1–2-гілкові. Квітки зазвичай червоно-оранжевого кольору, подовжені, трубчастої структури. Капсули 10–15 мм. Насіння 5–7 мм в діаметрі, не має м'ясистого покриття або живильної цінності, його яскраво-помаранчевий колір приваблює птахів. Насіння проходить через травну систему птиці відносно неушкодженим.
Поширення
Природне поширення: ПАР. Натуралізовані: Австралія, Нова Зеландія, Алжир, Аргентина, Острів Святої Єлени, Сполучені Штати Америки — Каліфорнія.
Використання
Культивується.
Посилання
Галерея
На цю статтю не посилаються інші статті Вікіпедії.
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Chasmanthe floribunda
(
vietnamèis
)
fornì da wikipedia VI
Chasmanthe floribunda là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Diên vĩ. Loài này được (Salisb.) N.E.Br. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1932.[1]
Chú thích
Liên kết ngoài
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Chasmanthe floribunda: Brief Summary
(
vietnamèis
)
fornì da wikipedia VI
Chasmanthe floribunda là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Diên vĩ. Loài này được (Salisb.) N.E.Br. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1932.
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Chasmanthe floribunda
(
russ; russi
)
fornì da wikipedia русскую Википедию
Вид: Chasmanthe floribunda
Международное научное название
Chasmanthe floribunda (Salisb.) N.E.Br., 1932
Систематика
на Викивидах
Изображения
на Викискладе ITIS 506893NCBI 1158074EOL 484954IPNI 436375-1TPL kew-327040 Chasmanthe floribunda (лат.) — вид цветковых растений из семейства ирисовых.
Это многолетнее растение 60—120 см растёт из клубнелуковиц, производя сгустки длинных, узких листьев. Стебли 1—2-веточные. Цветки обычно красно-оранжевого цвета, удлиненные, трубчатой структуры. Капсулы 10—15 мм. Семена 5—7 мм диаметром, не имеет мясистого покрытия или питательной ценности, их ярко-оранжевый цвет привлекает птиц. Семена проходят через пищеварительную систему птицы относительно невредимыми.
Естественный ареал вида — ЮАР. Натурализован в Австралии, Новой Зеландии, Алжире, Аргентине, на острове Святой Елены, в США (Калифорния)[2][3][4][5][6].
Культивируемое растение.
Примечания
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Chasmanthe floribunda: Brief Summary
(
russ; russi
)
fornì da wikipedia русскую Википедию
Chasmanthe floribunda (лат.) — вид цветковых растений из семейства ирисовых.
Это многолетнее растение 60—120 см растёт из клубнелуковиц, производя сгустки длинных, узких листьев. Стебли 1—2-веточные. Цветки обычно красно-оранжевого цвета, удлиненные, трубчатой структуры. Капсулы 10—15 мм. Семена 5—7 мм диаметром, не имеет мясистого покрытия или питательной ценности, их ярко-оранжевый цвет привлекает птиц. Семена проходят через пищеварительную систему птицы относительно невредимыми.
Естественный ареал вида — ЮАР. Натурализован в Австралии, Новой Зеландии, Алжире, Аргентине, на острове Святой Елены, в США (Калифорния).
Культивируемое растение.
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Chasmanthe floribunda in habitat near Cape Town, South Africa
