dcsimg

Comments ( Anglèis )

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D’ Arcy (in Ann. Miss. Bot. Gard. 60: 607. 1974) states the type as: Hort. Cliff. (BM, not seen) and has been followed by Symon (in J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 3:140. 1981). According to Jarvis (BM), there is no specimen in the Clifford Herbarium, and the only extant syntype appears to be 258/1 at LINN.
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Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 57 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description ( Anglèis )

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A scandent shrub up to 4.0 m tall, sometimes assuming a tree-like proportion. glabrous. Leaves 5-10 x 3-5 cm, elliptic-ovate, cuneiform, acute. Petiole 8-12 mm long. Flowers in axillary or terminal panicles, greenish-yellow. Corolla tube narrow tubular, lobes ovate-acute. Berry ± ovoid, white.
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Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 57 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description ( Anglèis )

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Shrubs erect or sprawling, 1-3 m tall; young growth puberulent, glabrescent. Branches slender. Petiole 0.8-2 cm; leaf blade oblong-ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-15 × 2-4.5 cm, entire. Inflorescences drooping, many-flowered, axillary or terminal racemose panicles, 7-10 cm. Flowers strongly night scented. Pedicel 1-5 mm. Calyx campanulate, 2-3 × 1-1.5 mm; lobes deltoid, 0.5-0.8 mm. Corolla greenish or whitish yellow, 1.5-2.5 cm, tube slightly contracted at throat, lobes 3-4 mm. Filaments with dentate appendages, usually puberulent at point of insertion. Ovary ca. l mm. Berry white, juicy, oblong or globose, 6-10 × 4-10 mm. Seeds 1-5, ellipsoid, 3.5-4.5 mm.
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Flora of China Vol. 17: 331 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Distribution ( Anglèis )

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West Indies and C. America, cultivated for ornament elsewhere.
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Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Elevation Range ( Anglèis )

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900-1500 m
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Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Habitat & Distribution ( Anglèis )

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Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan [native to America, widely cultivated for ornament in tropical regions].
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Dama de Noche ( Spagneul; Castilian )

fornì da EOL authors

Arbusto tropical que abre sus fragantes flores durante las noches del verano.
Muy utilizado en jardinería en la Costa del Sol de Málaga, junto a jazmines y Don Diegos. Creándose una mezcla de aromas característica en las agradables noches mediterráneas.
Requiere frecuentes riegos, podas y abonados.
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Worldwide distribution ( Anglèis )

fornì da Flora of Zimbabwe
Native to C America, northern S America and the W Indies; widely cultivated elsewhere
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Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Cestrum nocturnum L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/cult/species.php?species_id=165420
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Cestrum nocturnum ( Asturian )

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La dama de nueche, galán de nueche, (Cestrum nocturnum) ye una planta de la familia de les solanacees.

 src=
Detalle de les fueyes y flores
 src=
Inflorescencia
 src=
Detalle de les fueyes

Descripción

Ye un parrotal o árbol qu'algama un tamañu d'hasta 5 m d'altu, con ramines menudamente pubescentes, glabrescentes. Les fueyes ovaes o elíptiques, de 6-11 cm de llargu, el ápiz acumináu, la base obtusa, glabres cuando madures; y con peciolos de 1-2 cm de llargu, glabros. Les inflorescencies presentar en forma de recímanos curtios con munches flores, axilares o terminales, frecuentemente nes cañes frondosas, de cutiu atropaes o formando panícules, el raquis dacuando puberulento, allargar nel frutu, pedicelos subobsoletos, flores nocherniegues y conspicuamente fragantes; mota cupuliforme, de 2-3 mm de llargu, glabro, llobos angostamente deltoides, 0.4 (–1.5) mm de llargu; la corola mariella o verdosa, en forma de tubu delgáu, de 14-19 mm de llargu, espandiéndose nel 1/3 apical, piloso per dientro nel puntu d'insertamientu de los filamentos, glabro per fora, los llobos de 3 mm de llargu, puberulentos; filamentos llibres por 3-5 mm del so llargor, denticulaos, glabros. El frutu ye un baga globosa, d'hasta 7-10 mm de llargu, blanca; con granes de 3-6 mm de llargu.[1]

Distribución y hábitat

Orixinaria del Continente Americanu, alcuéntrase-y dende'l centru-sur de Méxicu hasta Suramérica.

Importancia económica y cultural

Usos

En xardinos, cerca de les viviendes, pa esfrutar del fondu golor que se produz nes nueches de branu; tamién en patios.

Cultivo Suelu sanu.

Clima templáu-templáu. Esposición a plenu sol o semisombra. Pel iviernu débese-yos apurrir una fradadura de rebaxe nes cañes.

Precuros Toles partes de la planta son altamente tóxiques. Clasificada en ciertos países como planta invasora.

Propiedaes

Esta planta indicar con mayor frecuencia pal dolor de cabeza en Puebla, Oaxaca y Tabasco; y pal plasmu en Veracruz y Puebla. Tamién en casu de dolor estomacal encamiéntase un bañu col té de les fueyes o les fueyes resfregaes n'alcohol y asitiaes como chiquiadores.

Per otru llau, úsase-y en carecimientos de la piel como son los granos y mezquinos y nel sarampión; amás, tien la cualidá desinfestante pa feríes y encamiéntase-y como antinflamatorio y como anticrotálico. Inclusive se-y emplega pa enfermedaes de los pulmones y como antitusígeno; tamién pa los neños enfermos del embelicu, pal sudu frío, pa evitar la cangrena y curar la rabia. Méntase la so utilidá como desodorante.

Hestoria

Nel sieglu XX Maximino Martínez refier al güel de nueche como antiepiléptico. Darréu la Sociedá Farmacéutica de Méxicu señala'l so usu tamién como antiepiléptico y como sedante.

Química

Les fueyes de C. nocturnum contienen les sapogeninas esteroidales trigogenina, smilagenina y yucagenina.[2]

Taxonomía

Cestrum nocturnum describióse por Linneo y espublizóse en Species Plantarum 1: 191 nel añu 1753.[1]

Etimoloxía

Cestrum: nome xenéricu que remanez del griegu kestron = "puntu, picadura, buril", nome utilizáu por Dioscórides pa dalgún miembru de la familia de la menta.[3]

nocturnum: epítetu llatín que significa "nocherniegu".[4]

sinonimia
  • Cestrum graciliflorum Dunal
  • Cestrum leucocarpum Dunal
  • Cestrum multiflorum Roem. & Schult.
  • Cestrum nocturnum var. mexicanum O.Y.Schulz
  • Cestrum propinquum M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Cestrum scandens Thibaud ex Dunal
  • Cestrum suberosum Jacq.
  • Chiococca nocherniega Jacq.[5]

Nome común

  • Güel de nueche, hedeondilla, hedioncilla, hediondilla, yerba del zorrillo, minoche, orcajuda negru, palu güel de nueche, putanoche, cestro, galan de nueche.[2]

Ver tamién

Referencies


Bibliografía

  1. (1993) Guía de plantes de xardín. Madrid:Pirámide. ISBN 84-368-0694-8.
  2. Llinares, J. L. 2003 [2005]. Llistáu comentáu de los árboles nativu y cultivar na república d'El Salvador. Ceiba 44(2): 105–268.
  3. Martínez Salas, Y. M., M. Sousa Sánchez & C. H. Ramos Álvarez. 2001. Rexón de Calakmul, Campeche. Llistaos Floríst. Méxicu 22: 1–55.
  4. Molina Rosito, A. 1975. Enumeración de les plantes d'Hondures. Ceiba 19(1): 1–118.
  5. Nasir, Y. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980-2005. Fl. Pakistan Univ. of Karachi, Karachi.
  6. Pérez, A., M. Sousa Sánchez, A. M. Hanan-Alipi, F. Chiang Cabrera & P. Tenorio L. 2005. Vexetación terrestre. 65–110. In Biodivers. Tabasco. CONABIO-UNAM, Méxicu.
  7. Reyes-García, A. & M. Sousa Sánchez. 1997. Depresión central de Chiapas. La selva baxa caducifolia. Llistaos Floríst. Méxicu 17: 1–41.
  8. Sousa Sánchez, M. & Y. F. Cabrera Cano. 1983. Flora de Quintana Roo. Llistaos Floríst. Méxicu 2: 1–100.
  9. Stevens, W. D., C. O. O., A. Pool & O. M. Montiel. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: i–xlii, 1–2666.
  10. Steyermark, J. 1995. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Project.
  11. Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide Vasc. Pl. Florida i–x + 1–806. University Press of Florida, Gainseville.

Enllaces esternos

Cymbidium Clarisse Austin 'Best Pink' Flowers 2000px.JPG Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Botánica, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies.
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Cestrum nocturnum: Brief Summary ( Asturian )

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Cestrum nocturnum

La dama de nueche, galán de nueche, (Cestrum nocturnum) ye una planta de la familia de les solanacees.

 src= Detalle de les fueyes y flores  src= Inflorescencia  src= Detalle de les fueyes
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Nachtjasmin ( Alman )

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Der Nachtjasmin (Cestrum nocturnum, Syn.: Cestrum suberosum Jacq.) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Hammersträucher (Cestrum) in der Familie der Nachtschattengewächse (Solanaceae). Diese in der Karibik[1] und in Zentralamerika beheimatete Art ist in vielen tropischen und subtropischen Ländern verwildert.[2] Nachtjasmin wird auch als Zierpflanze verwendet, besonders wegen des starken Dufts, den sie hauptsächlich nachts und in den Abendstunden[3] verbreitet.

Beschreibung

Der Nachtjasmin ist ein gelegentlich kletternder Strauch mit schlanken Zweigen, der Wuchshöhen von bis zu 5 Metern erreicht. Die Pflanze ist schwach flaumhaarig behaart und stark beblättert. Die ganzrandigen Laubblätter werden 6 bis 15 cm lang und 2 bis 4,5 cm breit. Nach vorn hin sind sie zugespitzt oder spitz zulaufend, die Basis ist abgerundet oder abgestumpft. Zunächst sind die Blätter fein behaart, verkahlen jedoch im Alter. Die Blattstiele sind 0,8 bis 2 cm lang.

Die meist vielblütigen, herabhängenden Blütenstände stehen endständig oder in den Achseln. Es sind zusammengedrängte, spärlich verzweigte Rispen, an deren Blütenstandsachsen vereinzelt krautige Tragblätter stehen. Die Blütenstiele sind von linear-lanzettlichen Deckblättern begleitet und werden 2 bis 3 mm lang. Die Blüten duften nachts sehr stark. Die fünf Kelchblätter sind zu einem glockenförmigen, etwa 2 mm langen Kelch verwachsen und mit fünf zugespitzten Zipfeln besetzt, die sich an der Frucht leicht vergrößern, gerippt und stachelspitzig werden. Innen- und Außenseite des Kelchs sind fein behaart. Die Krone ist grünlich oder gelblich weiß gefärbt, in getrockneten Herbarbelegen ist sie gelblich. Die Kronröhre hat eine Länge von 14 bis 17 mm, ist auf der Außenseite unbehaart und auf der Innenseite gelegentlich am Ansatzpunkt der Staubfäden mit feinen Härchen besetzt. Die fünf Staubblätter sind gleichgestaltig, die Staubfäden stehen auf etwa 3 mm Länge frei und sind am oder kurz oberhalb des Ansatzpunktes zur Krone deutlich gezähnt. Die Narbe steht leicht über die Krone hinaus.

Die Frucht ist eine weiße, elliptische Beere von etwa 1 cm Länge, die nur wenige Samen enthält.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 16.[4]

Vorkommen und Standorte

Der Nachtjasmin ist auf den Antillen sowie in Teilen Mittelamerikas beheimatet. Der Standort des Typusexemplars ist Jamaika. In vielen Gärten der gesamten tropischen Region wird die Art oft wegen ihres starken Duftes als Zierpflanze gezogen.

Die Pflanze wächst an feuchten und nassen Standorten in Dickichten und Wäldern, nur gelegentlich auch an offenen Standorten. Sie findet sich in Höhenlagen unterhalb 1800 m.

Systematik

Cestrum nocturnum ist die Typusart der Gattung der Hammersträucher (Cestrum).

Literatur

  • William D'Arcy: Flora of Panama (Family 170. Solanaceae). In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Band 60, Nummer 3, 1973. Seiten 573–780.
  • Johnnie L. Gentry und Paul C. Standley: Flora of Guatemala, Fieldiana Botany, Band 24, Teil X, Nummer 1 und 2. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 1974.
  • Zhi-Yun Zhang, Anmin Lu und William G. D'Arcy: Solanaceae In: Z. Y. Wu und P. H. Raven (Hrsg.): Flora of China. Band 17. Science Press, Peking und Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, 1994. Seiten 300–332.
  • J. H. Wiersema und B. León: World Economic Plants, CRC Press, S. 123, 1999, ISBN 0-8493-2119-0.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Linnaeus, Carl von: Species Plantarum 1: 191. 1753 (1 May 1753)
  2. Global Invasive Species Database, Cestrum nocturnum (bearbeitet: 13. September 2010, gesichtet: 24. Juli 2013)
  3. Lillian Overland, American Journal of Botany Vol. 47, No. 5 (May, 1960), pp. 378-382
  4. Cestrum nocturnum bei Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
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Nachtjasmin: Brief Summary ( Alman )

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Der Nachtjasmin (Cestrum nocturnum, Syn.: Cestrum suberosum Jacq.) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Hammersträucher (Cestrum) in der Familie der Nachtschattengewächse (Solanaceae). Diese in der Karibik und in Zentralamerika beheimatete Art ist in vielen tropischen und subtropischen Ländern verwildert. Nachtjasmin wird auch als Zierpflanze verwendet, besonders wegen des starken Dufts, den sie hauptsächlich nachts und in den Abendstunden verbreitet.

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Laukaupoʻuli ( Tongan )

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 src=
laukaupoʻuli, motoʻiengeenga

Ko e laukau poʻuli ko e fuʻu ʻakau lahi ia mo e ngaahi matalaʻiʻakau hinehina pea mo e foʻi fua ʻoku hinehina. Taimi ʻe niʻihi ko e matalaʻiʻakau kiʻi engeenga (fakakeheʻi kehekehe?). ʻOku fonu he matalaʻiʻakau ʻi heʻene tangitangi, mo e manongi lahi (lolotonga he pō pe), ko e meʻa fakaʻofoʻofa. Neongo ko e ʻakau fakakona mo e vao ʻaupito. Ko e ʻakau ʻomi mei he Kalipea, ʻoku taʻefuoloa. ʻOku kona ʻa e ʻū foʻi fua.

Ngaahi faʻahinga kehekehe

  • vaitohi; ʻoku matala he ʻaho, foʻi fua ʻuliʻuli
  • laukaupoʻuli; ʻoku matala he pō, foʻi fua hinehina

Hingoa ʻi he ngaahi lea kehe

Tataku

Ko e kupu ʻeni ko e potuʻi ia (stub). ʻIo, ko koe, kātaki tokoni mai ʻi hono .
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Laukaupoʻuli: Brief Summary ( Tongan )

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 src= laukaupoʻuli, motoʻiengeenga

Ko e laukau poʻuli ko e fuʻu ʻakau lahi ia mo e ngaahi matalaʻiʻakau hinehina pea mo e foʻi fua ʻoku hinehina. Taimi ʻe niʻihi ko e matalaʻiʻakau kiʻi engeenga (fakakeheʻi kehekehe?). ʻOku fonu he matalaʻiʻakau ʻi heʻene tangitangi, mo e manongi lahi (lolotonga he pō pe), ko e meʻa fakaʻofoʻofa. Neongo ko e ʻakau fakakona mo e vao ʻaupito. Ko e ʻakau ʻomi mei he Kalipea, ʻoku taʻefuoloa. ʻOku kona ʻa e ʻū foʻi fua.

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हसना फूल ( nepalèis )

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 src=
हसनाको फल

हसना फूल अथवा रातकी रानी अत्यन्तै वासनादार फूल फुल्ने वनस्पति हो ।

मेक्सिको र क्यारेबियन क्षेत्रबाट विश्वको धेरै भागमा फैलन र फस्टाउन सफल हसना नेपालमा कहिले र कसरी आइपुग्यो, यकिन भइसकेको छैन। यो फूल राणा दरबारका बगैंचामा सय वर्ष भन्दा पहिले नै फुलिसकेको थियो। त्यसबेला अरबी नाम हसना नै प्रिय भयो। तसर्थ हसना हाम्री रातकी रानी हुन्। त्यसलाई वनस्पति विज्ञानले 'सेस्ट्रम नोक्टरनम' भन्ने संज्ञा दिइएको छ। रातमा फुल्ने भएकोले 'नोक्टरनम' शब्द चयन भएको हो। यो वनस्पति आलु, गोलभेंडा र भान्टाको परिवार 'सोलानेसी' भित्र पर्छ।

तस्विर संग्रह

सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू

[१]-रातकी रानीहरु

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हसना फूल: Brief Summary ( nepalèis )

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 src= हसनाको फल

हसना फूल अथवा रातकी रानी अत्यन्तै वासनादार फूल फुल्ने वनस्पति हो ।

मेक्सिको र क्यारेबियन क्षेत्रबाट विश्वको धेरै भागमा फैलन र फस्टाउन सफल हसना नेपालमा कहिले र कसरी आइपुग्यो, यकिन भइसकेको छैन। यो फूल राणा दरबारका बगैंचामा सय वर्ष भन्दा पहिले नै फुलिसकेको थियो। त्यसबेला अरबी नाम हसना नै प्रिय भयो। तसर्थ हसना हाम्री रातकी रानी हुन्। त्यसलाई वनस्पति विज्ञानले 'सेस्ट्रम नोक्टरनम' भन्ने संज्ञा दिइएको छ। रातमा फुल्ने भएकोले 'नोक्टरनम' शब्द चयन भएको हो। यो वनस्पति आलु, गोलभेंडा र भान्टाको परिवार 'सोलानेसी' भित्र पर्छ।

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ହେନା ଫୁଲ ( oriya )

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 src=
ହେନା ଫୁଲର କଢ଼
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ହେନା ଗଛର ଫଳ

ହେନା ଫୁଲ (ଜୀବବିଜ୍ଞାନ ନାମ Cestrum nocturnum, ଈଂରାଜୀରେ night-blooming jasmine ବା night-blooming cestrum ଏବଂ ହିନ୍ଦୀରେ रातरानी) ସେଷ୍ଟ୍ରମ୍ ପ୍ରଜାତି ଓ ସୋଲେନେସିଆ ପରିବାରର ଏକ ଉଦ୍ଭିଦ । ଏହି ଫୁଲଗଛ ପଶ୍ଚିମ ଭାରତୀୟ ଦ୍ୱୀପପୁଞ୍ଜର ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ବୃକ୍ଷ କିନ୍ତୁ ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ଏସିଆରେ ଏହା ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଭାବେ ବଢ଼ିଥାଏ ।[୧]

ଉଦ୍ଭିଦର ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା

ହେନା ଫୁଲର ଗଛ ବୁଦାଳିଆ, ଚିରହରିତ୍ ଓ ଏହା ପ୍ରାୟ ୪ ମିଟର୍ (୧୩ ଫୁଟ୍) ଉଚ୍ଚତା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ବଢ଼ିଥାଏ । ଏହାର ପତ୍ର ପତଳା, ୬-୨୦ ସେ.ମି. (୨.୪-୭.୯ ଇଞ୍ଚ୍) ଲମ୍ବା, ୨-୪.୫ ସେ.ମି. (୦.୭୯-୧.୭୭ ଇଞ୍ଚ୍) ଓସାରର ଏବଂ ଚିକ୍କଣିଆ । କାହାଳୀ ସଦୃଶ ପାଞ୍ଚଟି ପାଖୁଡ଼ାବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଈଷତ୍ ସବୁଜ-ଶ୍ୱେତ ରଙ୍ଗର, ୨-୨.୫ ସେ.ମି. (୦.୭୯-୦.୯୮ ଇଞ୍ଚ୍) ଲମ୍ବା, ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ରୂପେ ଫୁଟିଥିବା ପାଖୁଡ଼ାର ଉପର ପାଖର ଗୋଲେଇ ବ୍ୟାସ ପ୍ରାୟ ୧୦-୧୩ ମି.ମି. (୦.୩୯-୦.୫୧ ଇଞ୍ଚ୍) । ଏହି ଫୁଲ ରାତିରେ ଫୁଟେ ଓ ଏକ ଅପୂର୍ବ ସୁଗନ୍ଧ ନିର୍ଗତ ହୋଇଥାଏ ଯାହା ଆଖପାଖର ପରିବେଶକୁ ଚହଟାଇ ଦିଏ । ଏହି ଗଛର ଫଳ ବା କୋଳି ୧୦ ମି.ମି. (୦.୩୯ ଇଞ୍ଚ୍) ଲମ୍ବା, ୫ ମି.ମି. (୦.୨୦ ଇଞ୍ଚ୍) ବ୍ୟାସ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଏବଂ ବାଇଗଣୀ କିମ୍ବା ସବୁଜ-ହଳଦିଆ ମିଶା ଧଳା ରଙ୍ଗର । ଆଉ ଏକ ପ୍ରଜାତିର ହେନା ଫଲର ରଙ୍ଗ ହଳଦିଆ ହୋଇଥାଏ । କେତେକ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ଏହାର ପତ୍ର ଓ ଫଳ ବିଷାକ୍ତ ହୋଇପାରେ, କାରଣ ଏହାର ବିଷାକ୍ତତାକୁ ନେଇ ମିଶ୍ରିତ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ଓ ତଥ୍ୟ ମିଳିଛି ।[୨][୩]

ରାତିରେ ଫୁଟୁଥିବା ହେନା ଫୁଲର ଅପୂର୍ବ ସୁଗନ୍ଧ ପାଇଁ ଉପ-କ୍ରାନ୍ତୀୟ ଅଞ୍ଚଳରେ ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଘର ଗମଳା, ଉଦ୍ୟାନ ଇତ୍ୟାଦିରେ ହେନା ଫୁଲ ଗଛ ରୋପଣ କରାଯାଇଥାଏ । ସାମାନ୍ୟରୁ ଆର୍ଦ୍ର ବାଲିମିଶା ଢିଲା (୬.୬-୭.୫ pH) ମାଟିରେ ଏହି ଗଛ ଭଲ ଭାବେ ବଢ଼ିଥାଏ ।

ରସାୟନିକ ଉପାଦାନ

ହେନା ଫୁଲର ଅର୍କ ବା ତେଲର ରସାୟନିକ ଉପାଦାନଗୁଡ଼ିକ ହେଲେ – ୨୭% ଫିନାଇଲ୍ ଇଥାଇଲ୍ ଆଲ୍‍କହଲ୍, ୧୨% ବେଞ୍ଜାଇଲ୍ ଆଲ୍‍କହଲ୍, ୫.୬% ଐକୋସିନ୍, ୫.୬% ୟୁଗେନୋଲ୍, ୪.୪% ଏନ୍-ଟେଟ୍ରାକୋସିନ୍, ୩.୧% କ୍ୟାରିଓଫାଇଲିନ୍ ଅକ୍ସାଇଡ୍, ୨.୭% ୧-ହେକ୍ସାଡେକାନଲ୍, ୨.୪୫% ମିଥୋକ୍ସିୟୁଗେନୋଲ୍, ୨.୩୨% ବେଞ୍ଜାଲ୍‍ଡିହାଇଡ୍ ।[୪] ହେନା ଫୁଲରୁ ଆଲ୍‍କହଲ୍ (ମଧୁମଦ୍ୟ) ବାହାର କରାଯାଇ ତାହାର ପରୀକ୍ଷଣରୁ ସେଥିରେ ସାଇଟୋଟକ୍ସିକ୍ ଷ୍ଟେରଏଡ୍ ଥିବା ଜଣା ପଡ଼ିଛି ।[୫]

ଚିତ୍ର ଗ୍ୟାଲେରୀ

ଆଧାର

  1. Hortus Third Cornell University, Western Garden Book 2007 Ed
  2. Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa – Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk (1962)
  3. Erowid Cestrum Vaults : Cestrum Health Concerns. Erowid.org (2008-08-27). Retrieved on 2011-07-10.
  4. Al-Reza, Int J Food Sci Tech 44:1176 2009 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.01939.x
  5. Wu, Evid Based CAM 1456786 2017 PubMed https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/28250789/

ଆହୁରି ପଢ଼ନ୍ତୁ

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ହେନା ଫୁଲ: Brief Summary ( oriya )

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 src= ହେନା ଫୁଲର କଢ଼  src= ହେନା ଗଛର ଫଳ

ହେନା ଫୁଲ (ଜୀବବିଜ୍ଞାନ ନାମ Cestrum nocturnum, ଈଂରାଜୀରେ night-blooming jasmine ବା night-blooming cestrum ଏବଂ ହିନ୍ଦୀରେ रातरानी) ସେଷ୍ଟ୍ରମ୍ ପ୍ରଜାତି ଓ ସୋଲେନେସିଆ ପରିବାରର ଏକ ଉଦ୍ଭିଦ । ଏହି ଫୁଲଗଛ ପଶ୍ଚିମ ଭାରତୀୟ ଦ୍ୱୀପପୁଞ୍ଜର ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ବୃକ୍ଷ କିନ୍ତୁ ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ଏସିଆରେ ଏହା ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଭାବେ ବଢ଼ିଥାଏ ।

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రాత్రి రాణి ( telugu )

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రాత్రి రాణి (Night queen) సువాసనభరితమైన పుష్పం. ఈ వృక్షాన్ని సువాసన కోసం పెంఛుతారు. దీని శాస్త్రీయ నామము సెస్ట్రమ్ నాక్టర్నమ్ (Cestrum nocturnum). ఇది మెక్సికో, మధ్య అమెరికా, భారతదేశం, క్యూబా దేశాలలో విరివిగా పెరుగుతుంది.

వర్ణన

  • రాత్రి రాణి సతతహరితమైన పొదగా 4 మీటర్ల ఎత్తు పెరుగుతుంది.
  • ఆకులు సరళంగా సూదిమొనతో ముదురు ఆకుపచ్చ రంగులో మెరుస్తూ ఉంటాయి.
  • పుష్పాలు లేత ఆకుపచ్చ-తెలుపు రంగులో సన్నగా పొడవుగా 2-2.5 సె.మీ. ఉంటాయి. ఇవి రాత్రి సమయంలో విడి దట్టమైన సుగంధం విడుదల చేస్తాయి.
  • దీని ఫలాలు బెర్రీగా తెల్లగా ఉండి విషపూరితమైనవి.

చిత్రమాలిక

మూలాలు

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ರಾತ್ರಿರಾಣಿ ( Kannada )

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Jazmín de Noche.JPG

ರಾತ್ರಿರಾಣಿ ಸೊಲನೇಸಿಯೀ (ಆಲೂಗಡ್ಡೆ ಕುಟುಂಬ) ಸಸ್ಯ ಕುಟುಂಬದಲ್ಲಿನ ಸೆಸ್ಟ್ರಮ್‍ನ ಒಂದು ಪ್ರಜಾತಿ. ಇದು ವೆಸ್ಟ್ ಇಂಡೀಸ್‍ಗೆ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯವಾಗಿದೆ, ಆದರೆ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಏಷ್ಯಾದಲ್ಲಿ ದೇಶೀಕರಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದೆ.[೧]

ವಿವರಣೆ

ರಾತ್ರಿರಾಣಿಯು ಮರದಂಥ ನಿತ್ಯಹರಿದ್ವರ್ಣ ಪೊದೆಯಾಗಿದ್ದು ೪ ಮೀ.ವರೆಗೆ ಎತ್ತರವಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಹೂವುಗಳು ಹಸಿರು ಬಿಳಿ ಬಣ್ಣ ಹೊಂದಿರುತ್ತವೆ, ಮತ್ತು ತೆಳ್ಳನೆಯ ಕೊಳವೆಯಾಕಾರದ ೨-೨.೫ ಸೆ.ಮೀ. ಉದ್ದದ ಎಸಳು ಇರುತ್ತದೆ, ಮತ್ತು ರಾತ್ರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ತೆರೆದುಕೊಂಡಾಗ ಐದು ಕಿರಿದಾದ ಹಾಲೆಗಳಿರುತ್ತವೆ. ರಾತ್ರಿಯ ವೇಳೆ ಪ್ರಬಲವಾದ, ಸಿಹಿ ಸುಗಂಧ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.

ಬೇಸಾಯ

ರಾತ್ರಿರಾಣಿಯನ್ನು ಉಪೋಷ್ಣವಲಯದ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ರಾತ್ರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾರೀ ಸುಗಂಧ ಬೀರುವ ಅದರ ಹೂವುಗಳಿಗಾಗಿ ಅಲಂಕಾರಿಕ ಸಸ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಬೆಳೆಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದು ಹಗುರ ಹಾಗೂ ಮರಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುವ ಸಾಧಾರಣದಿಂದ ತೇವದ ಮಣ್ಣಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಅತ್ಯುತ್ತಮವಾಗಿ ಬೆಳೆಯುತ್ತದೆ.

ಅತಿಕ್ರಮಣಶೀಲ ಸಾಮರ್ಥ್ಯ

ರಾತ್ರಿರಾಣಿಯು ಆಸ್ಟ್ರೇಲಿಯಾ, ನ್ಯೂ ಜ಼ೀಲಂಡ್, ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಆಫ಼್ರಿಕಾ, ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಚೀನಾ ಮತ್ತು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ದಕ್ಷಿಣದ ಅಮೇರಿಕ ಸೇರಿದಂತೆ ವಿಶ್ವದಾದ್ಯಂತದ ಉಷ್ಣ ಮತ್ತು ಉಪೋಷ್ಣವಲಯದ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ವ್ಯಾಪಕವಾಗಿ ದೇಶೀಕರಣಗೊಂಡಿದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಇದನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಮೂಲ ಮಾಡುವುದು ಕಠಿಣವಾಗಿದೆ. ಕೆಲವು ದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಇದನ್ನು ಕಳೆಯೆಂದು ವರ್ಗೀಕರಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ.

ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳು

  1. Hortus Third Cornell University, Western Garden Book 2007 Ed
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ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಲೇಖಕರು ಮತ್ತು ಸಂಪಾದಕರು

ರಾತ್ರಿರಾಣಿ: Brief Summary ( Kannada )

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Jazmín de Noche.JPG

ರಾತ್ರಿರಾಣಿ ಸೊಲನೇಸಿಯೀ (ಆಲೂಗಡ್ಡೆ ಕುಟುಂಬ) ಸಸ್ಯ ಕುಟುಂಬದಲ್ಲಿನ ಸೆಸ್ಟ್ರಮ್‍ನ ಒಂದು ಪ್ರಜಾತಿ. ಇದು ವೆಸ್ಟ್ ಇಂಡೀಸ್‍ಗೆ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯವಾಗಿದೆ, ಆದರೆ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಏಷ್ಯಾದಲ್ಲಿ ದೇಶೀಕರಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದೆ.

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ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಲೇಖಕರು ಮತ್ತು ಸಂಪಾದಕರು

Cestrum nocturnum ( Anglèis )

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Cestrum nocturnum, the lady of the night, night-blooming jasmine, night-blooming jessamine, night-scented jessamine, night-scented cestrum or poisonberry,[2] is a species of plant in the potato family Solanaceae. It is native to the West Indies, but naturalized in South Asia.[3]

Despite its common name, the species is not a "true jasmine" and not of the genus Jasminum.

Description

Leaves and flowers

Cestrum nocturnum is an evergreen woody shrub with slender branches growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall. The plant is multi-branched and heavily foliated. The leaves are simple, narrow lanceolate, 6–20 cm (2.4–7.9 in) long and 2–4.5 cm (0.79–1.77 in) broad, smooth and glossy, with an entire margin. Towards the front they are pointed or tapered, the base is rounded or blunt. The leaf stalks are 0.8 to 2 cm long.

Inflorescences

The flowers are greenish-white, with a slender tubular corolla 2–2.5 cm (0.79–0.98 in) long with five acute lobes, 10–13 mm (0.39–0.51 in) diameter when open at night, and are produced in cymose inflorescences. A powerful, sweet perfume is released at night. The mostly multi-flowered, drooping inflorescences are terminal or axillary. They are clustered, sparsely branched panicles, on the inflorescence axes of which there are herbaceous bracts. The five sepals are fused to form a bell-shaped, approximately 2 mm long calyx and have five pointed tips, which are slightly enlarged, ribbed and acutely pointed on the fruit. The inside and outside of the calyx are finely haired.

The fruit is a white berry 10 millimetres (0.39 in) long by 5 mm (0.20 in) diameter. There is also a variety with yellowish flowers. There are mixed reports regarding the toxicity of foliage and fruit.[4][5]

Cultivation

Cestrum nocturnum is grown in subtropical regions as an ornamental plant for its flowers that are heavily perfumed at night. It grows best in average to moist soil that is light and sandy, with a neutral pH of 6.6 to 7.5, and is hardy to hardiness zone 8. C. nocturnum can be fertilized biweekly with a weak dilution of seaweed and fish emulsion fertilizer.

Chemistry

Flowers distilled oil contains phenylethyl alcohol (27%), benzyl alcohol (12%), eicosane (5.6%), eugenol (5.6%), n-tetracosane (4.4%), caryophyllene oxide (3.1%), 1-hexadecanol (2.7%), methoxyeugenol (2.45%), benzaldehyde (2.32%).[6] Flowers alcohol extract contains cytotoxic steroids.[7]

Pharmacology

Toxicity

Ingestion of C. nocturnum has not been well documented, but there is some reason to believe that caution is in order. All members of the family Solanaceae contain an alkaloid toxin called solanine,[8] though some members of the family are routinely eaten without ill-effect. The most commonly reported problems associated with C. nocturnum are respiratory problems from the scent, and feverish symptoms following ingestion.[9]

Some people, especially those with respiratory sensitivities or asthma, have reported difficulty breathing, irritation of the nose and throat, headache, nausea, or other symptoms when exposed to the blossom's powerful scent.[10] Some Cestrum species contain chlorogenic acid, and the presence of this potent sensitizer may be responsible for this effect in C. nocturnum.

Some plant guides describe C. nocturnum as "toxic" and warn that ingesting plant parts, especially fruit, may result in elevated temperature, rapid pulse, excess salivation and gastritis.[11]

Spoerke & Smolinske (1990)[12] noted the following: "Ingesting 15 lb of plant material caused a cow to salivate, clamp its jaws, collapse, and eventually die. A postmortem showed gastroenteritis and congestion of liver, kidneys, brain, and spinal cord. Although the berries and the sap are suspected of being toxic,[13] several cases of ingestion of the berries have not shown them to be a problem, with one exception. Morton[14] cites two cases where children ate significant quantities (handfuls) of berries and had no significant effects and another two where berries were ingested in smaller amounts, with similar negative results." ; and in a new paragraph noted that "Ingestion of green berries over several weeks by a 2-year-old child resulted in diarrhea, vomiting, and blood clots in the stool. Anemia and purpura [discoloration of the skin caused by subcutaneous bleeding] were also noted. A solanine alkaloid isolated from the stool was hemolytic to human erythrocytes.[15] "

Plant extracts have shown larvicidal activity against the mosquito Aedes aegypti while showing no toxicity to fish.[16][17] Plant extracts cause hematological changes in the freshwater fish when exposed to sub lethal concentrations.[18][19]

Psychoactivity

The mechanisms of the plant's putative psychoactive effects are currently unknown, and anecdotal data are extremely limited and include an aphrodisiac power.[20] In a rare discussion of traditional entheogenic use of the plant, Müller-Ebeling, Rätsch, and Shahi describe shamanic use of C. nocturnum in Nepal.[21] They describe experiencing "trippy" effects without mentioning unpleasant physical side effects. Rätsch's Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants also describes a handful of reports of ingestion of the plant without mentioning serious adverse side effects.

Invasive potential

Cestrum nocturnum has become widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world, including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, southern China and the southernmost United States, and is difficult to eradicate. It is classed as a weed in some countries.

In Auckland, New Zealand, it has been reported as a seriously invasive weed to the Auckland Regional Council and is under investigation. NS Forest and Bird is compiling an inventory of wild cestrum sites in order to place the plant on the banned list. The inventory can be viewed via Google Maps.[22] Some nurseries still sell it without warning customers of the dangers to native bush reserves.

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI), IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group.; Meave, J.A. (2019). "Cestrum nocturnum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T72045868A136785819. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T72045868A136785819.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Cestrum nocturnum". European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  3. ^ Hortus Third Cornell University, Western Garden Book 2007 Ed
  4. ^ Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa – Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk (1962)
  5. ^ Erowid Cestrum Vaults : Cestrum Health Concerns. Erowid.org (2008-08-27). Retrieved on 2011-07-10.
  6. ^ Al-Reza, Sharif M.; Rahman, Atiqur; Kang, Sun Chul (June 2009). "Chemical composition and inhibitory effect of essential oil and organic extracts of Cestrum nocturnum L. on food‐borne pathogens". International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 44 (6): 1176–1182. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.01939.x.
  7. ^ Wu, Deng-Pan; Lin, Tian-Yu; Lv, Jin-Yan; Chen, Wen-Ya; Bai, Li-Ru; Zhou, Yan; Huang, Jin-Lan; Zhong, Zhen-Guo (2017). "Flower Extracts Attenuate Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in Malignant Cells through Inducing DNA Damage and Inhibiting Topoisomerase II Activity". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017: 1456786. doi:10.1155/2017/1456786. PMC 5307125. PMID 28250789.
  8. ^ What is solanine. Wisegeek
  9. ^ "Night blooming jessamine (Cestrum nocturnum) | Queensland Poisons Information Centre". 18 July 2017.
  10. ^ Department of Primary Industries, NSW Government, Reviewed 2021"NSW WeedWise".
  11. ^ The University of Arizona, Cochise County Master Gardeners, Cestrums (jessamine), Barbara Shelor, Nov. 1991"Common Poisonous Plants | Cochise County Master Gardeners".
  12. ^ Spoerke DG, Smolinske SC (1990). Toxicity of Houseplants. Boca Raton: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-6655-0.
  13. ^ Lampe KF, McCann MA (1985). AMA Handbook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants. Chicago: American Medical Association. ISBN 0-89970-183-3.
  14. ^ Morton JF (1971). Plants Poisonous to People in Florida and Other Warm Areas. Miami: Hurricane House.
  15. ^ Fruthaler GJ (1955). "Solanine poisoning". Ochsner Clinic Reports. 1 (2): 50–52.
  16. ^ Patil CD, Patil SV, Salunke BK, Salunkhe RB (2011). "Bioefficacy of Plumbago zeylanica (Plumbaginaceae) and Cestrum nocturnum (Solanaceae) plant extracts against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicide) and nontarget fish Poecilia reticulata". Parasitol Res. 108 (5): 1253–1263. doi:10.1007/s00436-010-2174-6. PMID 21107859. S2CID 35903438.
  17. ^ Chetan Jawale; Rambhau Kirdak; Laxmikant Dama (2010). "Larvicidal activity of Cestrum nocturnum on Aedes aegypti". Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology. 5 (1): 39–40. doi:10.3329/bjp.v5i1.4714.
  18. ^ CS JAWALE, LB DAMA (2010). "Haematological Changes In The Fresh Water Fish, Exposed To Sub-Lethal Concentration Of Piscicidal Compounds From (Fam: Solanaceae)". National Journal of Life Sciences. 7 (1): 82–84.
  19. ^ Jawale C. S.; Vinchurkar A. S.; Dama L. B., Pawar (2012). "Cestrum nocturnum (l) a prospective piscicide for control of predatory fish channa punctatus (bloch.)". Trends in Fisheries Research. 1 (2): 14–17.
  20. ^ Silvia Marchetti (6 October 2020). "Italian islands become 'sex pilgrimage' sites". CNN Travel.
  21. ^ Müller-Ebeling, Claudia; Rätsch, Christian; Shahi, Surendra Bahadur (September 2002). Shamanism and Tantra in the Himalayas. ISBN 0892819138.
  22. ^ Cestrum wild locations – Google Maps. Maps.google.co.nz. Retrieved on 2011-07-10.
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Cestrum nocturnum: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

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Cestrum nocturnum, the lady of the night, night-blooming jasmine, night-blooming jessamine, night-scented jessamine, night-scented cestrum or poisonberry, is a species of plant in the potato family Solanaceae. It is native to the West Indies, but naturalized in South Asia.

Despite its common name, the species is not a "true jasmine" and not of the genus Jasminum.

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Cestrum nocturnum ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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Galán de noche (Cestrum nocturnum) llamado también dama de noche[1]​ es una planta de la familia de las solanáceas. Nativa de América, se ha naturalizado en Asia Meridional y se cultiva ampliamente en los trópicos.[2]

Descripción

Es un arbusto o árbol semiperennifolio que alcanza un tamaño de hasta 5 m de alto, con ramitas menudamente pubescentes, glabrescentes. Las hojas oblongo-ovadas o lanceoladas, de 6-15 cm de largo, ápice acuminado, y glabras; con pecíolos de 1-2 cm de largo, glabros. Las inflorescencias se presentan en forma de racimos cortos axilares o terminales que a menudo forman panículas de hasta 10 cm de largo con numerosas flores. El raquis, a veces puberulento, se alarga en el fruto. Las flores, extremadamente perfumadas, se mantienen abiertas durante toda la noche. Tienen 2-3 mm de largo con cáliz glabro en forma de campana, corola amarilla o verdosa, en forma de tubo delgado, de 14-19 mm de largo, expandiéndose en el primer tercio apical, piloso por dentro en el punto de inserción de los filamentos, glabro por fuera. El fruto es un baya globosa, de hasta 7-10 mm de largo, blanca; con semillas de 3-6 mm de largo.[3]

Usos y cultivo

Usos

Se utiliza como ornamental en jardines por la fragancia de sus flores. Clasificada en ciertos países como planta invasora.[cita requerida]

Cultivo

Ampliamente cultivada en los trópicos y en climas templados sin severas heladas. Se adapta casi a cualquier sustrato bien drenado y en una exposición a semisombra.[4]

Fitoquímica y toxicidad

Se utiliza en la industria farmacéutica por su contenidos en saponinas: gitonina y digitonina.

Debido a su alto contenido en alcaloides: nicotina, atropina, hiosciamina y escopolamina principalmente, es altamente tóxica.

Taxonomía

Cestrum nocturnum fue descrita por Carlos Linneo y publicada en Species Plantarum 1: 191 (1753).[5]

Etimología

Cestrum: nombre genérico que deriva del griego kestron = "punto, picadura, buril", nombre utilizado por Dioscórides para algún miembro de la familia de la menta.[6]

nocturnum: epíteto latino que significa "nocturno".[7]

Inflorescencia
Frutos
Inflorescencia y frutos
sinonimia
  • Cestrum graciliflorum Dunal
  • Cestrum leucocarpum Dunal
  • Cestrum multiflorum Roem. & Schult.
  • Cestrum nocturnum var. mexicanum O.E.Schulz
  • Cestrum propinquum M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Cestrum scandens Thibaud ex Dunal
  • Cestrum suberosum Jacq.
  • Chiococca nocturna Jacq.[8]

Nombre común

  • Galán de noche, dama de noche,[9]​ huele de noche,[10]​ hedeondilla, hedioncilla, hediondilla, hierba del zorrillo, minoche, orcajuda negro, palo huele de noche, jazmín de noche, cestro, caballero de la noche.

Referencias

  1. «Dama de noche, Galán de noche». Infojardin. Consultado el 1 de junio de 2020.
  2. «Cestrum nocturnum L.». USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2020. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Consultado el 1 de junio de 2020.
  3. «Cestrum nocturnum L.». arbolesornamentales. Consultado el 1 de junio de 2020.
  4. Yamileth Cuartas y Elmer Castaño. «Descripción botánica y fitoquímica del jazmín de noche (Cestrum nocturnum L.)». Consultado el 2 de abril de 2016.
  5. Cestrum nocturnum en Trópicos
  6. En Nombres Botánicos
  7. En Epítetos Botánicos
  8. Cestrum nocturnum en PlantList
  9. «En Medicina tradicional mexicana». Archivado desde el original el 6 de marzo de 2016. Consultado el 6 de junio de 2013.
  10. «Planta huele de noche».
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Cestrum nocturnum: Brief Summary ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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Galán de noche (Cestrum nocturnum) llamado también dama de noche​ es una planta de la familia de las solanáceas. Nativa de América, se ha naturalizado en Asia Meridional y se cultiva ampliamente en los trópicos.​

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Cestrum nocturnum ( Basch )

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Gaueko dama (Cestrum nocturnum) Solanaceae familiako landare bat da.

 src=
Hostoen eta loreen xehetasuna

Deskribapena

Zuhaixka edo zuhaitz honek, gehienez 5 metroko garaiera izan dezake; hostoak, obalatuak edo eliptikoak, 6-11 cm eta pezioloak 1-2 cm luze izan dezakete. Fruitua globo itxurako baia 7-10 mm luzeran, zuria eta haziak 3-6 mm luze [1] izan ohi du.

Banaketa eta habitata

Amerikako kontinentekoa da jatorriz; Mexiko hego-erdialdetik Hego Amerikara.

Erabilera eta oharrak

Erabilera

Lorategietan, etxetatik gertu, udako gauetan zuhaitzak jariatzen duen usain sakonaz gozatzeko .

Laborantza

Lur osasuntsua. Klima epel eta beroa. Eguzkitara edo erdi-itzalean. Neguan adarrak kimatu behar dira.

Oharrak

Landarearen zati guztiak oso toxikoak dira. Zenbait herrialdetan landare inbaditzaile gisa sailkatuta da.

Erreferentziak

Landare Artikulu hau landareei buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz.


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Cestrum nocturnum: Brief Summary ( Basch )

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Gaueko dama (Cestrum nocturnum) Solanaceae familiako landare bat da.

 src= Hostoen eta loreen xehetasuna
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Cestrum nocturnum ( Fransèis )

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Cestrum nocturnum, appelé courammment jasmin de nuit, galant de nuit, cestreau nocturne, dame de nuit, reine de nuit ou jasmin bâtard, est une espèce de solanacées du genre Cestrum, originaire des Antilles et d'Amérique centrale. Cette plante arbustive est abondamment cultivée dans les régions subtropicales pour le parfum très intense de ses fleurs, qui ne s'ouvrent que durant la nuit.

Description

 src=
Feuillage et fleurs de jasmin de nuit photographiés au matin : les fleurs sont déjà refermées pour la plupart, sauf une sur ce cliché.

C'est un arbuste ligneux à feuilles persistantes pouvant atteindre environ 4 mètres de haut. Ses feuilles sont simples, lancéolées de 6 à 20 cm de long et de 2 à 4.5 cm de large, lisses et luisantes; leur limbe est à bord uni. Les fleurs sont vert pâle à blanches et se composent d'une corolle fine et allongée de 2 à 2.5 cm de long, terminée en 5 lobes à bouts pointus leur diamètre étant d'environ 10 à 13 mm lorsqu'ils sont ouverts, durant la nuit. Les fleurs sont produites en inflorescences cymeuses et sont fortement parfumées. Elles répandent leur parfum durant la nuit uniquement. Le fruit est une baie blanche toxique. Il existe une variété de C. nocturnum à fleurs jaunes.

Distribution

Elles s'est largement naturalisée dans les régions tropicales et subtropicales du monde entier, notamment en Australie, en Chine méridionale, au sud des États-Unis.

Noms vernaculaires

Cestrum nocturnum est connu, à travers le monde, sous de nombreux noms vernaculaires :

  • Dans le monde francophone : jasmin de nuit, galant de nuit, cestreau nocturne, dame de nuit, reine de nuit, jasmin bâtard(île de La Réunion)
  • Dans le [monde anglo-saxon : Night-blooming Cestrum, Lady of the Night, Queen of the Night, Night-blooming jessamine
  • en espagnol : Galán de noche (galant de nuit), par opposition au Cestrum diurnum (galant de jour), Dama de noche, Huele de noche, Cestro, Zorrillo, Caballero de la noche, Jazmín de noche, Don Diego de noche.
  • en Inde : Raat ki Rani (reine de nuit) en ourdou et en hindi.
  • au Maghreb: Misk-al lail (musc de nuit) en arabe.

Utilisations

Précautions

Toutes les parties de la plante sont hautement toxiques. Elle est classée dans certains pays comme plante envahissante.

Culture

Le jasmin de nuit se cultive de préférence sur un sol humide, léger et sablonneux à pH neutre compris entre 6.6 et 7.5. La plante est rustique jusqu'à la zone de rusticité 8. Une fois installée elle est difficile à éradiquer.

Références

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Cestrum nocturnum: Brief Summary ( Fransèis )

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Cestrum nocturnum, appelé courammment jasmin de nuit, galant de nuit, cestreau nocturne, dame de nuit, reine de nuit ou jasmin bâtard, est une espèce de solanacées du genre Cestrum, originaire des Antilles et d'Amérique centrale. Cette plante arbustive est abondamment cultivée dans les régions subtropicales pour le parfum très intense de ses fleurs, qui ne s'ouvrent que durant la nuit.

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Arum dalu ( Indonesian )

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Arum dalu (Cestrum nocturnum L.) adalah tanaman hias, dan tumbuhan obat yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia. Ia berasal dari Amerika, dan dikatakan sebagai tanaman pendatang. Sering pula dikatakan sedap malam, karena bunga-bunganya mekar di waktu malam. Diketahui juga bermanfaat sebagai Tanaman obat.

Referensi

  1. ^ "Cestrum nocturno L". TPL (The Plant List). Diakses tanggal 10 Oktober 2014.
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Arum dalu: Brief Summary ( Indonesian )

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Arum dalu (Cestrum nocturnum L.) adalah tanaman hias, dan tumbuhan obat yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia. Ia berasal dari Amerika, dan dikatakan sebagai tanaman pendatang. Sering pula dikatakan sedap malam, karena bunga-bunganya mekar di waktu malam. Diketahui juga bermanfaat sebagai Tanaman obat.

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Cestrum nocturnum ( Italian )

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Il Cestrum nocturnum è una pianta sempreverde appartenente della famiglia delle Solanaceae. Il suo nome sembrerebbe derivare dal greco kestron, termine che significa asta o giavellotto[1] e che veniva usato comunemente dal botanico Dioscoride per indicare le piante della famiglia della menta. La pianta è chiamata anche Gelsomino notturno, ma non fa parte del genere Jasminum.

Descrizione

Si tratta di un arbusto che può raggiungere i 5 metri d'altezza i cui rami pubescenti tendono alla glabrescenza man mano che crescono e diventano più grossi e legnosi. È costituito da foglie ovali o ellittiche che raggiungono i 6-11 centimetri di lunghezza e dai relativi piccioli lunghi circa uno o due centimetri. L'infiorescenza racemosa si sviluppa all'estremità dei rami ed è costituita da un alto numero di fiori notturni che emanano un intenso odore molto caratteristico; essi sono formati da un calice cupuliforme al cui interno si sviluppa la corolla gialla, simile ad un finissimo tubo lungo fra i 14 ed i 19 millimetri. Il frutto è una bacca globosa bianca e contiene i semi.

Distribuzione e habitat

È una pianta diffusa in tutto il continente Mesoamericano e nelle isole Caraibiche, dove cresce ad altitudini fra i 100 e i 2500 metri, in particolare sembra essere nativa di Cuba.[2][3] La sua diffusione si è però spinta in molte aree dell'Oceano Pacifico toccando Oceania, Cina e Singapore, ma anche India e Madagascar.[2] Il Cestrum Nocturnum è ovunque considerato una specie infestante ed in alcuni luoghi è considerata una minaccia per i pascoli a causa della sua tossicità.[4]

Coltivazione

Si tratta di una pianta molto apprezzata per la decorazione dei giardini, giacché la fioritura risulta molto attrattiva alla vista, ma anche all'olfatto: i fiori del Cestrum nocturnum emanano un intenso e dolce odore[2][5] capace di profumare ambienti molto ampi, ma tanto forte da poter risultare addirittura fastidioso per alcune persone, talvolta provocando mal di testa e nausea. Cresce con facilità anche in vaso, senza eccessivi accorgimenti da seguire, se non quello di assicurarle almeno qualche ora di luce solare al giorno. Sopporta senza problemi le abbondanti piogge tipiche dei climi tropicali, dopo le quali fiorisce copiosamente.

Riproduzione

In natura la pianta si propaga attraverso i pochi semi racchiusi nelle bacche prodotte in seguito alla fioritura. La germinazione è, a volte, molto lenta, i semi infatti possono rimanere dormienti nel terreno per parecchi anni prima di dar vita ad un nuovo arbusto. Un altro valido metodo di propagazione è per talea, sia essa di un ramo (se già legnoso si procede direttamente in terra) o della radice.[2]

Usi

Il cestrum nocturnum è una pianta dai molteplici usi, soprattutto in Messico dove viene usata, secondo la cultura popolare, come medicamento contro i dolori polmonari o della testa, ma anche contro le irritazioni della pelle ed i brufoli, nonché come disinfettante per le ferite. La Sociedad Farmaceutica Mexicana ne conferma l'uso come antiepilettico, corroborando così le teorie del botanico Maximino Martínez, che a tal proposito ne aveva già proposto l'uso fin dal secolo scorso.[5]

Attualmente si svolgono numerose sperimentazioni con composti estratti da questa particolare pianta: nei ratti ha infatti rilevato il rilassamento del muscolo liscio intestinale mentre nei gatti, trattati per via intravenosa, si sono registrate reazioni come ipotensione, vasodilatazione e stimolazione della respirazione.[5]

Note

  1. ^ Orto BOtanico di Catania - Scheda taxon, su dipbot.unict.it. URL consultato il 7 novembre 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 4 marzo 2016).
  2. ^ a b c d (EN) Cestrum nocturnum (night jessamine), su cabi.org. URL consultato il 7 novembre 2015.
  3. ^ (EN) Cestrum nocturnum information from NPGS/GRIN, su ars-grin.gov. URL consultato il 7 novembre 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 25 ottobre 2012).
  4. ^ Jean Bruneton, Solanaceae, in Plantas Toxicas, Editorial Acribia, ISBN 84-200-0935-0.
  5. ^ a b c (ES) ::: BIBLIOTECA :::, su medicinatradicionalmexicana.unam.mx. URL consultato il 7 novembre 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 marzo 2016).

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Cestrum nocturnum: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il Cestrum nocturnum è una pianta sempreverde appartenente della famiglia delle Solanaceae. Il suo nome sembrerebbe derivare dal greco kestron, termine che significa asta o giavellotto e che veniva usato comunemente dal botanico Dioscoride per indicare le piante della famiglia della menta. La pianta è chiamata anche Gelsomino notturno, ma non fa parte del genere Jasminum.

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Cestrum nocturnum ( portughèis )

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Cestrum nocturnum, popularmente dama-da-noite[1] é um arbusto da família das solanáceas, originário das Antilhas. Possui folhas lanceoladas e pequenas flores amareladas que exalam exuberante e peculiar perfume. Esse perfume é derivado do morcego, o polinizador padrão da planta. Como o morcego tem células olfativas bem desenvolvidas, a planta tem um cheiro forte para atraí-lo. Também é conhecido pelos nomes de coirana, dama-da-noite e jasmim-verde.

Referências

  1. Colli-Silva, Matheus; et al. «Plantas Notáveis no fitotério do Departamento de botânica da Universidade de São Paulo». São Paulo: Instituto De Biociências. p. 20. ISBN 978-85-85658-81-6. Consultado em 14 de novembro de 2019

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Cestrum nocturnum: Brief Summary ( portughèis )

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Cestrum nocturnum, popularmente dama-da-noite é um arbusto da família das solanáceas, originário das Antilhas. Possui folhas lanceoladas e pequenas flores amareladas que exalam exuberante e peculiar perfume. Esse perfume é derivado do morcego, o polinizador padrão da planta. Como o morcego tem células olfativas bem desenvolvidas, a planta tem um cheiro forte para atraí-lo. Também é conhecido pelos nomes de coirana, dama-da-noite e jasmim-verde.

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Vit nattjasmin ( svedèis )

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Vit nattjasmin (Cestrum nocturnum) är en art i familjen potatisväxter från Västindien. Arten odlas ibland som krukväxt i Sverige och är en vanlig prydnadsväxt i varma länder.

Synonymer

[1]

  • Cestrum graciliflorum Dunal
  • Cestrum hirtellum Schltdl.
  • Cestrum leucocarpum Dunal
  • Cestrum multiflorum Roem. & Schult.
  • Cestrum nocturnum var. mexicanum O.E. Schulz
  • Cestrum nocturnum var. tinctorium Maza
  • Cestrum propinquum M. Martens & Galeotti
  • Cestrum scandens Thib. ex Dunal
  • Cestrum suberosum Jacq.

Referenser

Noter

  1. ^ Tropicos

Webbkällor

Externa länkar

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Vit nattjasmin: Brief Summary ( svedèis )

fornì da wikipedia SV

Vit nattjasmin (Cestrum nocturnum) är en art i familjen potatisväxter från Västindien. Arten odlas ibland som krukväxt i Sverige och är en vanlig prydnadsväxt i varma länder.

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Dạ lý hương ( vietnamèis )

fornì da wikipedia VI

Dạ lý hương hay dạ lai hương (danh pháp hai phần: Cestrum nocturnum) là một loài cây thuộc họ Cà có nguồn gốc từ Tây Ấn. Loài này được Carl Linnaeus mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.[1] Tên gọi loại cây này có nhiều tên theo từng quốc gia. Như: Hasnuhana (হাসনুহানা) trong tiếng Bengal, Raat ki Rani (रात की रानी) trong tiếng Urdu, Raat Rani (रातराणी) trong tiếng Marathi, 夜來香 (yè lái xiāng) hay 夜香木 (yè xiāng mù) trong tiếng Tàu, Dama de Noche trong tiếng Tây Ban Nha, Dok Ratree (ดอกราตรี) trong tiếng Thái, và مسك الليل «Mesk el-laal» trong tiếng Ả Rập.

Cây có đặc điểm là bùi dày, cành và nhánh vươn dài, sống dựa, lá đơn, mọc cách, màu xanh nhạt, nhẵn bóng, gốc thuôn dài có cuống ngắn. Hoa nhiều, tập hợp thành chùy ở đầu cành hay nách lá. Hoa màu vàng lục nhạt, hay lục nhạt, thơm ngát về đêm. Cánh tràng hợp thành ống dài, trên loe thành phễu chia thành năm thùy trái xoan nhọn. Quả mọng màu lam hay đen nhạt, hạt dẹt. Cây rất dễ trồng bằng giâm cành, mọc khỏe đâm ra nhiều chồi và mùa hoa gần như quanh năm.

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Cestrum nocturnum. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Tham khảo

 src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Dạ lý hương  src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Dạ lý hương


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến họ Cà (Solanaceae) này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Dạ lý hương: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

fornì da wikipedia VI

Dạ lý hương hay dạ lai hương (danh pháp hai phần: Cestrum nocturnum) là một loài cây thuộc họ Cà có nguồn gốc từ Tây Ấn. Loài này được Carl Linnaeus mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753. Tên gọi loại cây này có nhiều tên theo từng quốc gia. Như: Hasnuhana (হাসনুহানা) trong tiếng Bengal, Raat ki Rani (रात की रानी) trong tiếng Urdu, Raat Rani (रातराणी) trong tiếng Marathi, 夜來香 (yè lái xiāng) hay 夜香木 (yè xiāng mù) trong tiếng Tàu, Dama de Noche trong tiếng Tây Ban Nha, Dok Ratree (ดอกราตรี) trong tiếng Thái, và مسك الليل «Mesk el-laal» trong tiếng Ả Rập.

Cây có đặc điểm là bùi dày, cành và nhánh vươn dài, sống dựa, lá đơn, mọc cách, màu xanh nhạt, nhẵn bóng, gốc thuôn dài có cuống ngắn. Hoa nhiều, tập hợp thành chùy ở đầu cành hay nách lá. Hoa màu vàng lục nhạt, hay lục nhạt, thơm ngát về đêm. Cánh tràng hợp thành ống dài, trên loe thành phễu chia thành năm thùy trái xoan nhọn. Quả mọng màu lam hay đen nhạt, hạt dẹt. Cây rất dễ trồng bằng giâm cành, mọc khỏe đâm ra nhiều chồi và mùa hoa gần như quanh năm.

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夜香木 ( cinèis )

fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Cestrum nocturnum
L.

夜香木学名Cestrum nocturnum),又稱夜香樹夜來香夜香花夜光花木本夜來香夜香玉,属茄科植物。供观赏,花可用作芳香原料。

常綠性灌木,直立或近攀援狀,原產地為熱帶美洲及西印度。植株可達2公尺以上,分枝多而柔軟,長而下垂,呈蔓性。葉互生,披針狀長橢圓形。腋生或顶生的繖房花序 corymb,細長管狀的花冠,上部5淺裂,花色黃綠或潔白,白晝閉合無香氣,夜晚開放、香氣極濃。漿果小形,內藏種子一至數粒,生性強健,耐熱耐旱,適合庭植或盆栽。

謠傳夜來香的香氣,是在釋放廢氣,無益環境與動物呼吸,這部分在國際各大學或研究中心查無實驗與數據,可能是不喜歡者在網路上惡意散布。

分布

其原产于热带美洲西印度,现广植各热带地区,中国的两广福建云南等地有栽培。

种植

栽培土质不拘,但以肥沃的壤土为佳。性喜高温多湿,可用扦插法繁殖。

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夜香木: Brief Summary ( cinèis )

fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科

夜香木(学名:Cestrum nocturnum),又稱夜香樹、夜來香、夜香花、夜光花、木本夜來香、夜香玉,属茄科植物。供观赏,花可用作芳香原料。

常綠性灌木,直立或近攀援狀,原產地為熱帶美洲及西印度。植株可達2公尺以上,分枝多而柔軟,長而下垂,呈蔓性。葉互生,披針狀長橢圓形。腋生或顶生的繖房花序 corymb,細長管狀的花冠,上部5淺裂,花色黃綠或潔白,白晝閉合無香氣,夜晚開放、香氣極濃。漿果小形,內藏種子一至數粒,生性強健,耐熱耐旱,適合庭植或盆栽。

謠傳夜來香的香氣,是在釋放廢氣,無益環境與動物呼吸,這部分在國際各大學或研究中心查無實驗與數據,可能是不喜歡者在網路上惡意散布。

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drit d'autor
维基百科作者和编辑