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Plancia ëd Carangoides orthogrammus (Jordan & Gilbert 1882)
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Carangoides orthogrammus (Jordan & Gilbert 1882)

分布 ( Anglèis )

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分布於西印度洋至東太平洋間。台灣產於北部、東部及南部海域。
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利用 ( Anglèis )

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一般漁法以一支釣、底拖網、定置網捕獲。清蒸或煎食皆宜。
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描述 ( Anglèis )

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體呈橢圓形。背部輪廓略凸出腹部輪廓。吻微尖。上下頜約略等長,上頜末端延伸至眼之前緣。胸部裸露區,自胸部下方1/4處向下延伸,後緣僅及腹鰭基底之起點。側線直走部始於第二背鰭15-17鰭條下方,稜鱗僅存在於後半部。背鰭軟條數29-31;臀鰭25-26;鰓耙數(含瘤狀鰓耙)30-31。第二背鰭與臀鰭同形,前方鰭條延長如絲狀,但長度較頭長為短期。體背藍綠色,腹部銀白。鰓蓋後緣上方具一不明顯之小黑斑。體側不具橫斑,若有亦不顯著。側線上下部位具少數大形而顯著之黃點,大部份位於側線下方。
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棲地 ( Anglèis )

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主要生活於大洋中群島的附近海域,棲息水深可達50公尺處,反而較少出現於淺水域,但偶而仍可發現三、兩成群游動於潟湖、海藻床水域或礁砂混合區覓食。主要以沙地之甲殼類為食。
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Carangoides orthogrammus ( Catalan; Valensian )

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Carangoides orthogrammus és un peix teleosti de la família dels caràngids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.[2]

Morfologia

Pot arribar als 75 cm de llargària total i als 6.610 g de pes[3]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des de les costes occidentals de l'Oceà Índic fins al sud del Japó, Hawaii i Mèxic.[3]

Referències

  1. MarineSpecies.org (anglès)
  2. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  3. 3,0 3,1 FishBase (anglès)

Bibliografia

  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River (Nova Jersey, Estats Units): Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.

Enllaços externs

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Carangoides orthogrammus: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valensian )

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Carangoides orthogrammus és un peix teleosti de la família dels caràngids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Island trevally ( Anglèis )

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The island trevally, island jack, thicklip trevally or false bluefin trevally (Carangoides orthogrammus) is a widespread species of offshore marine fish classified in the jack family Carangidae. The island trevally is common through the tropical regions of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, ranging from Mozambique and the Seychelles in the west to Hawaii and the Revillagigedo Islands in the central and eastern Pacific. The species is almost completely absent from the continental shelves, instead inhabiting offshore islands, where it is found in lagoons and on reef systems. It is a moderately large fish, growing to a maximum recorded length of 75 cm and 6.6 kg in weight, and is distinguishable by its angular snout and yellow spots, as well as more detailed anatomical features. The island trevally often moves in small schools, preying on a variety of small fishes and crustaceans. It is of moderate importance to fisheries throughout its range, often taken by trawls, hook-and-line, and various inshore netting methods, and is sold fresh or salted at market.

Taxonomy and naming

The island trevally is classified within the genus Carangoides, a group of fish commonly called jacks and trevallies. Carangoides falls into the jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae, the Carangidae are part of the order Carangiformes.[2]

The species was first scientifically described by the American ichthyologists Jordan and Gilbert in 1881 based on a specimen taken from the Revillagigedo Islands, which was designated to be the holotype.[3] They named this new species Caranx orthogrammus, placing the species in a closely related genus of jacks, but this was later changed to Carangoides after further revision of the family had occurred. The species was independently redescribed a number of times, with the fish placed in subspecies status twice. John Treadwell Nichols considered his C. ferdau jordani to be separate from C. orthogrammus, or possibly a subspecies of the blue trevally, C. ferdau, and was later transferred to C. jordani.[4] It was also considered a subspecies or a synonym of the bludger, C. gymnostethoides, and was also renamed as C. nitidus. The fish is now considered a separate species, with the subspecies names and the later names rendered invalid under the ICZN naming rules. The species is commonly known as island trevally in reference to its preferred offshore habitat, with the names thicklip trevally and false bluefin trevally[5] also used as descriptive names. The specific epithet means "straight lined" in Greek.[3]

Description

The fleshy lips of the island trevally are a distinguishing feature.

The island trevally is a moderately large fish, growing to a maximum recorded length of 75 cm and 6.61 kg in weight.[6] The species is quite similar to C. ferdau, although the prominent yellow spots serve as a quick identifying feature.[7] The island trevally has a compressed oblong shaped body with the dorsal profile more convex than the ventral profile and the snout usually being slightly rounded.[8] The dorsal fin is in two sections, the first consisting of eight spines and the second of one spine and 28 to 31 soft rays, with the lobe of the second dorsal fin being slightly falcate in younger individuals, but is always shorter than the head length. The anal fin has two detached spines followed by one spine attached to 24 to 26 soft rays, while the pelvic fin has one spine attached to 21 or 22 soft rays.[9] The lateral line has a very slight anterior arch, with the intersection of the straight and curved sections between the 15th and 19th soft rays of the dorsal fin. The curved section contains 96 to 106 scales, while the straight section contains 20 to 30 scales and 21 to 28 scutes.[9] The breast is scaleless ventrally until the origin of pelvic fins, often with a small patch of prepelvic scales. Laterally, this naked area of the breast is separated from the naked base of the pectoral fins by a moderate band of scales. The lips are notably fleshy in adults, with both jaws containing narrow bands of villiform teeth which become obsolescent with age. There are 28 to 32 gill rakers in total and 24 vertebrae.[8]

The island trevally is a pale blue-green above, becoming more silvery below, with adults having several quite large, elliptical, yellow to brassy spots scattered on their bodies close to the midline. Nine 9 or 10 dark vertical bars may be on the body from the head to the caudal peduncle. The soft dorsal, anal, and caudal fins are a pale brownish- to brilliant-blue, with all other fins being pale green to hyaline in colour.[10]

Distribution and habitat

Anglers catch of island trevally

The island trevally is distributed throughout the offshore waters of the tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In the Indian Ocean, it ranges from Mozambique on the east coast of Africa north to the Gulf of Aden, but has not been recorded further north until India and Sri Lanka.[6] Its range extends throughout Southeast Asia, Indonesia, and northern Australia in the eastern Indian Ocean. In the Pacific, the species has been recorded from Taiwan, Japan, and Hawaii to the Revillagigedo Islands off Mexico in the eastern Pacific, as well as many Pacific islands.[6]

As the species common name partly suggests, the island trevally very rarely is found on the continental shelves, instead living around offshore islands formed by volcanic activity or isolated slivers of continental material remaining from continental drifting. These islands are often quite large, and have most of the geographical features of the continental environment, including beaches, reefs, lagoons, and even estuaries. The island trevally is known from all of these habitats, as well as slightly deeper seaward reefs up to 50 m deep.[11] In Hawaii, the species is less frequently found inside protected bays, and more often slightly further offshore presumably due to competition with other species.[12] The island trevally is one of a number of carangid species known to be attracted to man-made fish-attracting devices, which are installed to aggregate fish for anglers.[13]

Biology and fishery

The island trevally moves both as a solitary individual or in small schools through its habitat, with the species often accounting for large proportions of an areas immediate biomass when moving in schools.[14] The species' diet consists of small fish species and crustaceans, with studies on their exact diet composition finding these fish take different species and different ratios of prey throughout their range. A study conducted in New Caledonia found the species consumed 98% fish, with only 1% crabs and shrimp,[15] while a large study in Hawaii found it took 64.7% crustaceans including crabs, shrimp, and stomatopods, while taking only 32.3% fish consisting of gobies and benthic fishes of the order Scorpaeniformes, as well as 2% cephalopods.[12] In this setting, the major carangid species in the region apparently alter their diets to reduce interspecific competition, but change this partitioning elsewhere in their range where they co-occur.[12] Reproduction and growth are poorly studied in the species, with only a general estimate of spawning timing of March in the Solomon Islands.[16]

The island trevally is of moderate importance to fisheries throughout its range, often taken by hook and line, trawls, and various types of artisanal gear.[8] The species is generally only caught as bycatch, with catch numbers often very small in comparison to the target species of the fishery.[17] Throughout most of its range, catch statistics are not kept. The species is marketed fresh, dry, or salted, and is considered a good table fish.[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ Smith-Vaniz, W.F. & Williams, I. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Carangoides orthogrammus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T20429869A115375664. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T20429869A65927753.en.
  2. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 380–387. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  3. ^ a b Hosese, D.F.; Bray, D.J.; Paxton, J.R.; Alen, G.R. (2007). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Vol. 35 (2) Fishes. Sydney: CSIRO. p. 1150. ISBN 978-0-643-09334-8.
  4. ^ Nichols, John T. (1922). "Carangoides jordani from the Hawaiian Islands with notes on related fishes". American Museum Novitates (50): 1–4. hdl:2246/4619.
  5. ^ Hutchins, B.; Swainston, R. (1986). Sea Fishes of Southern Australia: Complete Field Guide for Anglers and Divers. Melbourne: Swainston Publishing. pp. 1–187. ISBN 978-1-86252-661-7.
  6. ^ a b c d Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2008). "Carangoides orthogrammus" in FishBase. October 2008 version.
  7. ^ Randall, John Ernest; Roger C. Steene; Gerald R. Allen (1997). Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-8248-1895-1.
  8. ^ a b c Carpenter, Kent E.; Volker H. Niem, eds. (2001). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae) (PDF). Rome: FAO. p. 2684. ISBN 978-92-5-104587-9.
  9. ^ a b Lin, Pai-Lei; Shao, Kwang-Tsao (1999). "A Review of the Carangid Fishes (Family Carangidae) From Taiwan with Descriptions of Four New Records". Zoological Studies. 38 (1): 33–68. Archived from the original on 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
  10. ^ Gunn, John S. (1990). "A revision of selected genera of the family Carangidae (Pisces) from Australian waters". Records of the Australian Museum Supplement. 12: 1–78. doi:10.3853/j.0812-7387.12.1990.92.
  11. ^ Robertson, D.R.; G.R. Allen (1996). "Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll". Coral Reefs. 15 (2): 121–131. Bibcode:1996CorRe..15..121R. doi:10.1007/bf01771902. S2CID 41906452.
  12. ^ a b c Meyer, Carl G.; Kim N. Holland; Bradley M. Wetherbee; Christopher G. Lowe (2001). "Diet, resource partitioning and gear vulnerability of Hawaiian jacks captured in fishing tournaments". Fisheries Research. 53 (2): 105–113. doi:10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00285-X.
  13. ^ Gaertner, J.C.; M. Taquet; L. Dagorn; B. Mérigot; R. Aumeeruddy; G. Sancho; D. Itano (2008). "Visual censuses around drifting fish aggregating devices (FADs): a new approach for assessing the diversity of fish in open-ocean waters". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 366 (3): 175–186. Bibcode:2008MEPS..366..175G. doi:10.3354/meps07554.
  14. ^ Brock, R.E. (1998). "Community Structure of Fishand Macrobenthosat Selected Sites Fronting Sand Island, O'Ahu, Hawaii, in Relation to the Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Year 9 - 1998" (PDF). Water Resources Research Centre Project Report. PR-99-07: 1–49. Retrieved 2008-10-28.
  15. ^ Kulbicki, Michel; Yves-Marie Bozec; Pierre Labrosse; Yves Letourneur; Gérard Mou-Tham; Laurent Wantiez (2005). "Diet composition of carnivorous fishes from coral reef lagoons of New Caledonia". Aquatic Living Resources. 18 (3): 231–250. doi:10.1051/alr:2005029. S2CID 54954245.
  16. ^ Rhodes, K.L. (2004). "Solomon Islands Spawning Aggregation Monitoring Training Workshop Report Gizo, Western Province, Solomon Islands 13-21 March 2004" (PDF). TNC Pacific Island Countries Report. The Nature Conservancy. 2 (4): 1–15. Retrieved 2008-10-28.
  17. ^ Hardman, E.R.; F.E.I. Blais; M.S. Desiré; J.S.J. Raffin; S. Perrine; R.M. Chinien-Chetty; S. Meunier (2006). "Annual Report on the Status of the Artisanal Seine Net Fishery of Rodrigues 2006" (PDF). Shoals Rodrigues, Pointe Monier, Rodrigues: 1–67. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-10-29.

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Island trevally: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

fornì da wikipedia EN

The island trevally, island jack, thicklip trevally or false bluefin trevally (Carangoides orthogrammus) is a widespread species of offshore marine fish classified in the jack family Carangidae. The island trevally is common through the tropical regions of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, ranging from Mozambique and the Seychelles in the west to Hawaii and the Revillagigedo Islands in the central and eastern Pacific. The species is almost completely absent from the continental shelves, instead inhabiting offshore islands, where it is found in lagoons and on reef systems. It is a moderately large fish, growing to a maximum recorded length of 75 cm and 6.6 kg in weight, and is distinguishable by its angular snout and yellow spots, as well as more detailed anatomical features. The island trevally often moves in small schools, preying on a variety of small fishes and crustaceans. It is of moderate importance to fisheries throughout its range, often taken by trawls, hook-and-line, and various inshore netting methods, and is sold fresh or salted at market.

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Carangoides orthogrammus ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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Carangoides orthogrammus es una especie de peces de la familia Carangidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

Morfología

• Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 75 cm de longitud total y los 6.610 g de peso[1]

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra desde las costas occidentales del Océano Índico hasta el sur del Japón, Hawaii y México.

Referencias

  1. FishBase (en inglés)

Bibliografía

  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos : T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos , 1997.
  • Hoese, D.F. 1986: . A M.M. Smith y P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín, Alemania.
  • Maugé, L.A. 1986. A J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse y D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB Bruselas; MRAC, Tervuren, Flandes; y ORSTOM, París, Francia. Vol. 2.
  • Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

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Carangoides orthogrammus: Brief Summary ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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Carangoides orthogrammus es una especie de peces de la familia Carangidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

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Carangoides orthogrammus ( Basch )

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Carangoides orthogrammus Carangoides generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Carangidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Carangoides orthogrammus FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Carangoides orthogrammus: Brief Summary ( Basch )

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Carangoides orthogrammus Carangoides generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Carangidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Carangoides orthogrammus ( Fransèis )

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La carangue tachetée (Carangoides orthogrammus), est une espèce de poissons de la famille des Carangidés.

Taxonomie et dénomination

La carangue tachetée est classée dans le genre Carangoides, de la famille des Carangidés, de l'ordre des perciformes et du sous-ordre percoidei.

La première description scientifique d'un individus de cette espèce est réalisée par les ichtyologistes Jordan et Gilbert en 1881, à partir d'un spécimen capturé dans les eaux des îles Revillagigedo, un archipel volcanique mexicain de l’océan Pacifique[1]. Ils dénomment cette espèce Caranx orthogrammus, la reliant ainsi aux carangues du genre Caranx. Orthogrammus signifie « en ligne droite », en grec[1].L'espèce est plus tard intégrée au genre Carangoides, après une révision de la famille des caranguidés.

L'espèce fut indépendamment décrite et dénommée plusieurs fois, et fut source de nombreuses confusions avec Carangoides ferdau, ce qui entraina l'existence de nombreux synonymes[2]. John Treadwell Nichols considérait l'espèce C. ferdau jordani qu'il avait découverte comme séparée de C. orthogrammus, ou une sous-espèce de Carangoides ferdau, avant d'être finalement transférée sous le nom de Carangoides jordani[3].

L'espèce Carangoides orthogrammus fut également considérée comme une sous-espèce d'un synonyme, Carangoides gymnostethoides, et fut également renommée Carangoides nitidus. Carangoides orthogrammus est aujourd'hui considérée comme une espèce propre, les autres synonymes étant rendus invalides.

Synonymes[2] :

  • Carangoides ferdau (subsp. Jordanie Nichols, 1922)
  • Carangoides gymnostethoides (subsp. evermanni Nichols, 1921)
  • Carangoides Jordanie (Nichols, 1922)
  • Carangoides nitidus (Smith, 1972)
  • Caranx orthogrammus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)

Noms vernaculaires[2] :

Morphologie

Les carangues tachetées possèdent neuf épines dorsales, de 28 à 31 rayons mous dorsaux, 3 épines anales et de 24 à 26 rayons mous anales. La partie inférieure du corps et de la tête est argenté. La partie supérieure du corps et de la tête possède une teinte bleu-vert, le bas du corps est plus pâle. Le corps est marqué de quelques points dorés[4].

Le maximum de taille connu est de 75 cm, et le poids maximal répertorié est de 6,610 kg.

Répartition géographique

Ces poissons tropicaux peuplent des eaux chaudes entre les latitudes 30°N et 30°S[4]. Ils peuplent les eaux des océans Pacifique et Indien, et des nombreuses îles de ces deux océans. En Afrique, ils sont présents du golfe d'Aden jusqu'aux côtes du Mozambique. Ils sont présents dans les eaux des îles au sud de l'Inde et du Sri Lanka. Dans le Pacifique, la limite de peuplement nord se trouve au Sud du Japon et à Hawaii. Au Sud, ils sont présents sur les côtes Est et Ouest de l'Australie, jusqu'à l'île de Lord Howe. Sur la côte Ouest des Amériques, ils peuplent les eaux du Mexique et des îles Revillagigedo.

Comportement

Ces carangues vivent sur les côtes récifales entre 3 et 168 mètres de profondeur[4]. Elles adoptent aussi un comportement pélagique. Elles apprécient particulièrement les eaux bordant les îles océaniques, mais sont très peu présentes sur les côtes continentales. À Hawaii cette espèce est très peu présente à l'intérieur des baies, et semble plus abondantes légèrement plus loin des côtes, probablement en raison de la compétition avec d'autres espèces peuplant ces eaux[5].

Elles se déplacent généralement seules, par paires ou en petit groupes. Ces groupes fréquentent les bassins sablonneux des rivières, les chenaux sablonneux des lagons et les bords des récifs côté océan. Elles se nourrissent de petits poissons, et de crustacés sur les fonds sablonneux. Une étude menée en Nouvelle-Calédonie montre que le régime alimentaire de cette espèce se compose essentiellement de poissons, à hauteur de 98 % de leur alimentation, avec seulement 1 % dédiée aux crabes et crevettes[6]. Une étude similaire menée à Hawaii a montré que la même espèce y a un régime alimentaire composé à 64,7 % de crabes, crevettes et divers Stomatopoda, 32,3 % de petits poissons de type gobies et de poissons benthiques de l'ordre des scorpaeniformes, et 2 % de céphalopodes[5]. L'étude envisage que les principales espèces de carangues présentes dans les eaux de Hawaii modifient leur régime alimentaire pour réduire la compétition avec d'autres espèces, mais que ces ratios peuvent changer en fonction des habitats.

La biologie de cette espèce est méconnue, en dehors d'une estimation de fraie au mois de mars dans les eaux des îles Salomon[7].

La carangue tachetée fait partie des nombreuses espèces de carangues connues pour être attirées par les dispositifs attracteurs artificiels destinés à concentrer le poisson en haute mer pour les pécheurs[8].

Pêche

La carangue rayée peut-être capturée à la traîne et à la ligne de fond. Elle est généralement commercialisée fraiche mais aussi séchée ou salée, sur les petits marchés locaux. Elle est parfois capturée par les pratiquants de la pêche sportive. Son importance commerciale est peu élevée, l'espèce étant généralement une prise secondaire.

Sa chair ne semble présenter aucun danger particulier relativement à la ciguatera[4].

Notes et références

  1. a et b (en) D.F. Hosese, D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton et G.R. Alen, Zoological Catalogue of Australia Vol. 35 (2) Fishes, Sydney, CSIRO, 2007 (ISBN 978-0-643-09334-8), p. 1150
  2. a b et c Voir (en) Référence Catalogue of Life : Carangoides orthogrammus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) (consulté le 18 décembre 2020)
  3. (en) John T. Nichols, « Carangoides jordani from the Hawaiian Islands with notes on related fishes », American Museum Novitates, vol. 50,‎ 1922, p. 1-4 (lire en ligne, consulté le 28 octobre 2008).
  4. a b c et d (fr+en) Référence FishBase :
  5. a et b (en) Carl G. Meyer, Kim N. Holland, Bradley M. Wetherbee et Christopher G. Lowe, « Diet, resource partitioning and gear vulnerability of Hawaiian jacks captured in fishing tournaments », Fisheries Research, vol. 53, no 2,‎ 2001, p. 105-113 (DOI ).
  6. (en) Michel Kulbicki, Yves-Marie Bozec, Pierre Labrosse, Yves Letourneur, Gérard Mou-Tham et Laurent Wantiez, « Diet composition of carnivorous fishes from coral reef lagoons of New Caledonia », Aquatic Living Resources, vol. 18, no 3,‎ 2005, p. 231–250 (DOI ).
  7. (en) K.L. Rhodes, « Solomon Islands Spawning Aggregation Monitoring Training Workshop Report Gizo, Western Province, Solomon Islands 13-21 March 2004 », TNC Pacific Island Countries Report, The Nature Conservancy, vol. 2, no 04,‎ 2004, p. 1-15 (lire en ligne [PDF], consulté le 28 octobre 2008).
  8. (en) J.C. Gaertner, M. Taquet, L. Dagorn, B. Mérigot, R. Aumeeruddy, G. Sancho et D. Itano, « Visual censuses around drifting fish aggregating devices (FADs): a new approach for assessing the diversity of fish in open-ocean waters », Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 366, no 3,‎ 2008, p. 175–186 (DOI ).
  • B. Salvat (dir.), Raymond Bagnis, Philippe Mazellier, Jack Bennet et Erwin Christian, Poissons de Polynésie, Polynésie française, les éditions du Pacifique, coll. « Nature tropicale », décembre 1972 (réimpr. 1973, 1976, 1981, 1984), 368 p. (ISBN 2-85700-198-3)
    (5ème édition, 1984) Page 47.
  • (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé .

Voir aussi

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Carangoides orthogrammus: Brief Summary ( Fransèis )

fornì da wikipedia FR

La carangue tachetée (Carangoides orthogrammus), est une espèce de poissons de la famille des Carangidés.

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Carangoides orthogrammus ( olandèis; flamand )

fornì da wikipedia NL

Vissen

Carangoides orthogrammus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van horsmakrelen (Carangidae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1882 door Jordan & Gilbert.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Carangoides orthogrammus op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) Carangoides orthogrammus. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
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Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Carangoides orthogrammus ( vietnamèis )

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Carangoides orthogrammus là một loài cá thuộc họ Cá khế. Loài này phân bố rộng khắp ở đại dương xa bờ. Đây là loài cá phổ biến khắp các vùng nhiệt đới của Ấn ĐộThái Bình Dương, phạm vi phân bố từ MozambiqueSeychelles ở phía tây Hawaiiquần đảo Revillagigedo ở trung và đông Thái Bình Dương. Loài này là gần như hoàn toàn không hiện diện ở thềm lục địa mà sống ở các đảo ngoài khơi, nơi nó được tìm thấy trong đầm phárạn san hô. Nó là một con cá khá lớn, chiều dài tối đa ghi nhận được là 75 cm và 6,6 kg cân nặng. Nó săn bắt một loạt của các loài cá nhỏ và giáp xác. Nó có tầm quan trọng trung bình đối với ngành thủy sản trong suốt phạm vi phân bố.

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết chủ đề bộ Cá vược này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Carangoides orthogrammus: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

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Carangoides orthogrammus là một loài cá thuộc họ Cá khế. Loài này phân bố rộng khắp ở đại dương xa bờ. Đây là loài cá phổ biến khắp các vùng nhiệt đới của Ấn ĐộThái Bình Dương, phạm vi phân bố từ MozambiqueSeychelles ở phía tây Hawaiiquần đảo Revillagigedo ở trung và đông Thái Bình Dương. Loài này là gần như hoàn toàn không hiện diện ở thềm lục địa mà sống ở các đảo ngoài khơi, nơi nó được tìm thấy trong đầm phárạn san hô. Nó là một con cá khá lớn, chiều dài tối đa ghi nhận được là 75 cm và 6,6 kg cân nặng. Nó săn bắt một loạt của các loài cá nhỏ và giáp xác. Nó có tầm quan trọng trung bình đối với ngành thủy sản trong suốt phạm vi phân bố.

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直線若鰺 ( cinèis )

fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Carangoides orthogrammus
Jordan & Gilbert, 1882

直線若鰺学名Carangoides orthogrammus),又名甘仔魚瓜仔直線平鰺,为鰺科若鰺屬下的一个种。

参考文献

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直線若鰺: Brief Summary ( cinèis )

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直線若鰺(学名:Carangoides orthogrammus),又名甘仔魚、瓜仔、直線平鰺,为鰺科若鰺屬下的一个种。

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ナンヨウカイワリ ( Giaponèis )

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ナンヨウカイワリ Carangoides orthogrammus.jpg 分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : スズキ目 Perciformes 亜目 : スズキ亜目 Percoidei : アジ科 Carangidae : ヨロイアジ属 Carangoides : ナンヨウカイワリ C. orthogrammus 学名 Carangoides orthogrammus
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1881) シノニム
  • Caranx orthogrammus
    Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
  • Carangoides gymnostethoides evermanni
    Nichols, 1921
  • Carangoides jordani
    Nichols, 1922
  • Carangoides ferdau jordani
    Nichols, 1922
  • Carangoides nitidus
    Smith, 1972
和名 ナンヨウカイワリ 英名 Island trevally Carangoides orthogrammus distribution.png
おおよその生息域

ナンヨウカイワリ(学名:Carangoides orthogrammus)は広い生息域をもつアジ科の外洋性海水魚である。インド洋から太平洋熱帯域に広く分布し、分布域は西はインド洋西部のモザンビークセーシェル、東はハワイレビジャヒヘド諸島といった太平洋の東部、中央部にまで広がっている。大陸棚でみられるのは稀で、外洋の島のラグーン岩礁サンゴ礁でみられる。比較的大型の種で、最大で全長75cm、体重6.6kgに達した記録がある。細かい解剖学的特徴のほか、黄色の斑点などで他種から区別することができる。しばしば小さな群れをつくり、様々な小魚や甲殻類を捕食する。漁業における重要性は生息域の全域においてそれほど高くはないが、トロール漁延縄漁、その他様々な方法による沿岸漁業で漁獲され、鮮魚塩漬けとして販売される。

分類と命名[編集]

ナンヨウカイワリはスズキ目アジ科ヨロイアジ属(Carangoides)に分類される[1]

本種は1881年に、レビジャヒヘド諸島から得られた標本をホロタイプとして、二人のアメリカ魚類学者デイビッド・スター・ジョーダンCharles Henry Gilbertによってはじめて記載された[2]。彼らは本種をCaranx orthogrammusと命名しギンガメアジ属(Caranx)に分類したが、のちにアジ科魚類の分類について再検討がなされた際、本種はヨロイアジ属(Carangoides)に移動された。本種は独立に複数回再記載され、他の種の亜種として記載されたことも二度あった。John Treadwell Nicholsは本種をC. ferdau jordaniとして記載し、クロヒラアジ(C. ferdau)の亜種とした。のちにこの学名は独立した種C. jordaniに移行された[3]アンダマンアジ(C. gymnostethoides)の亜種として記載されたこともあった。その他、C. nitidusとしても記載されている。本種は現在では独立した種として認められており、亜種としての学名、およびC. orthogrammus以降の全ての後行シノニム国際動物命名規約に基づき無効とされている。英名は本種が外洋性であることに由来する"Island trevally"で[4]種小名の"orthogrammus"はギリシャ語で「真っすぐな線の」という意味である[2]

形態[編集]

 src=
厚い唇は本種の特徴である

比較的大型の種であり、最大で全長75cm、体重6.61kgに達した記録がある[5]。クロヒラアジと非常によく似る。しかし本種にはよく目立つ黄色の斑点がある一方、クロヒラアジは斑点はもつが目立たないため、両種は簡単に識別できる[6]。本種は側偏した楕円形の体型をもち、背側の輪郭が腹側の輪郭よりもふくらんでいる。吻はふつうわずかに丸みを帯びる[7]背鰭は2つの部分に分かれており、第一背鰭は8本の棘条を、第二背鰭は1本の棘条とそれに続く28本から31本の軟条をもつ。第二背鰭の伸長部は若魚ではやや鎌状になるが、その長さは頭部の長さよりは短い。臀鰭には前方に2本の棘条が遊離して存在し、その後方に1本の棘条とそれに続く24本から26本の軟条が存在する。腹鰭には1本の棘条とそれに付属する21本から22本の軟条がある[8]側線は前方でごくわずかに湾曲しており、直線部と曲線部の交点は背鰭の15番目から19番目の軟条の下部に存在する。側線曲線部には96から106の鱗が、一方直線部には20から30の鱗と21から28の稜鱗英語版アジ亜科に特有の鱗)が存在する[8]。胸部の腹鰭基部までの領域には鱗が無いが、その中でも腹鰭前方部にはしばしば鱗のある小さな領域が存在する。この鱗の無い領域の後方部は、胸鰭基部にある鱗の無い領域と、一本の鱗の帯によって隔てられている。成魚では唇がかなり厚い。両顎には幅の狭い絨毛状歯からなる歯列が存在するが、これは加齢に伴い退化する。鰓篩数は28から32、椎骨数は24である[7]

ナンヨウカイワリは背部では白味がかった青緑色で、腹部ではより銀白色を帯びる。成魚では体側面中央部に、比較的大きい楕円形で黄色から黄銅色の斑点がいくつか散在する。9本か10本の暗色で垂直の帯が頭部から尾柄部にかけて存在することがある。背鰭軟条部、臀鰭、尾鰭は白味を帯びて、鮮やかな青色または茶色がかった青色であり、他の鰭は白味を帯びた緑色あるいは無色透明である[9]

分布[編集]

 src=
釣り上げられた個体

インド洋太平洋熱帯亜熱帯域に外洋を中心に広く分布する。インド洋ではアフリカ東海岸のモザンビークから、北方のアデン湾にかけて生息するが、より北方のインドスリランカからは記録がない[5]。生息域はインド洋東部の東南アジアインドネシアオーストラリア北部にも広がる。太平洋では、台湾日本ハワイ、レビジャヒヘド諸島、メキシコ、そして多くの中央太平洋の島々に生息する[5]

日本においては太平洋側では東北以南、日本海側では北陸以南の南日本、小笠原諸島琉球列島でみられる[10][11]。2000年には青森県大畑から、2005年には秋田県男鹿からも報告がある[12]

大陸棚ではあまりみられず、主に火山活動や大陸からの分離で生じた外洋の島でよくみられる。岩礁サンゴ礁浜辺ラグーンエスチュアリーなどさまざまな地形のもとでみられる[13]。水深3mから168mまでの海域で記録がある[5]。ハワイでは湾内よりもむしろ沖の方でよくみられる。これはおそらく湾内の方が他種との競争が激しいためである[14]。他の多くのアジ科の種と同様、人工漁礁によく集まることが知られている[15]

生態[編集]

単独で行動することも、小さな群れを形成することもある。群れを作って移動しているときは、一時的に、本種がその地域のバイオマスの多大な割合を占めることがしばしばある[16]。 本種は主に小型の魚や甲殻類を捕食し、詳しい食性は地域によって異なることが研究により分かっている。ニューカレドニアで行われた調査では、捕食した生物のうち魚類が98%で、エビカニについては1%に過ぎなかった[17]が、ハワイで行われた大規模な研究では64.7%が甲殻類、32.2%がカサゴ目底生魚ハゼを含む魚類で、頭足類も割合にして2%捕食していた[14]。ハワイでの研究では、その地域に住む主要なアジ科魚類は、種間競争を避けるために食性を変えていると考えられた[14]。本種は逆にイルカなどによって捕食されることがある[18]

繁殖と成長については研究はあまり進んでおらず、ソロモン諸島において繁殖期が5月ごろと推測されている程度である[19]

人間との関係[編集]

本種は生息域全域において漁業における重要性はそれほど高くはないが、しばしば延縄トロールなど様々な漁法で漁獲される[7]。日本でも伊豆半島紀伊半島沖縄などで漁獲される[12]。沖縄では他のいくつかのアジ科魚類と区別せず「ガーラ」と呼ばれ流通している[20]。一般には混獲のみによって漁獲され、漁業の主対象となる魚に比べて漁獲量はきわめて少ないのが普通である[21]。ほとんどの地域で漁獲量の統計はない。 鮮魚干物塩漬けの状態で販売され、美味とされる[5]。日本では刺身塩焼き汁物煮物などにされる[12][20]釣りの対象になることもあるが、磯のメジナ釣りなど、他の魚を主対象にした釣りで外道として釣れることが多く、専門に狙われることは少ない[11]

出典[編集]

  1. ^ Carangoides orthogrammus, ITIS, http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=168759 2008年10月閲覧。
  2. ^ a b Hosese, D.F.; Bray, D.J.; Paxton, J.R.; Alen, G.R. (2007). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Vol. 35 (2) Fishes. Sydney: CSIRO. pp. 1150. ISBN 978-0-643-09334-8.
  3. ^ Nichols, John T. (1922). Carangoides jordani from the Hawaiian Islands with notes on related fishes”. American Museum Novitates 50: 1–4. http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/4619
  4. ^ Hutchins, B.; Swainston, R. (1986). Sea Fishes of Southern Australia: Complete Field Guide for Anglers and Divers. Melbourne: Swainston Publishing. pp. 1–187. ISBN 1-86252-661-3.
  5. ^ a b c d e Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2008). "Carangoides orthogrammus" in FishBase. October 2008 version.
  6. ^ Randall, John Ernest; Roger C. Steene; Gerald R. Allen (1997). Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 161. ISBN 0-8248-1895-4.
  7. ^ a b c Carpenter, Kent E.; Volker H. Niem (eds.) (2001). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome: FAO. pp. 2684. ISBN 92-5-104587-9. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/y4160e/y4160e00.pdf.
  8. ^ a b Lin, Pai-Lei; Shao, Kwang-Tsao (1999). “A Review of the Carangid Fishes (Family Carangidae) From Taiwan with Descriptions of Four New Records”. Zoological Studies 38 (1): 33–68. http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=10055944.
  9. ^ Gunn, John S. (1990). “A revision of selected genera of the family Carangidae (Pisces) from Australian waters”. Records of the Australian Museum Supplement 12: 1–78. doi:10.3853/j.0812-7387.12.1990.92.
  10. ^ 瀬能宏監修『日本の海水魚』 山と渓谷社、2008年、178頁 ISBN 4635070255
  11. ^ a b Honda 釣り倶楽部 ナンヨウカイワリ”. Honda. ^ a b c ナンヨウカイワリ(秋田県では初報告)”. 秋田県水産振興センター (2015年8月17日閲覧。
  12. ^ Robertson, D.R.; G.R. Allen (1996). “Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll”. Coral Reefs 15 (2): 121–131. doi:10.1007/bf01771902.
  13. ^ a b c Meyer, Carl G.; Kim N. Holland; Bradley M. Wetherbee; Christopher G. Lowe (2001). “Diet, resource partitioning and gear vulnerability of Hawaiian jacks captured in fishing tournaments”. Fisheries Research 53 (2): 105–113. doi:10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00285-X.
  14. ^ Gaertner, J.C.; M. Taquet; L. Dagorn; B. Mérigot; R. Aumeeruddy; G. Sancho; D. Itano (2008). “Visual censuses around drifting fish aggregating devices (FADs): a new approach for assessing the diversity of fish in open-ocean waters”. Marine Ecology Progress Series 366 (3): 175–186. doi:10.3354/meps07554.
  15. ^ Brock, R.E. (1998). “Community Structure of Fishand Macrobenthosat Selected Sites Fronting Sand Island, O'Ahu, Hawaii, in Relation to the Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Year 9 - 1998”. Water Resources Research Centre Project Report PR-99-07: 1–49. http://browser.grik.net/browser.php/www.epa.gov/region09/water/npdes/pdf/sand-island/SI-application-attG-4.pdf [リンク切れ]
  16. ^ Kulbicki, Michel; Yves-Marie Bozec; Pierre Labrosse; Yves Letourneur; Gérard Mou-Tham; Laurent Wantiez (2005). “Diet composition of carnivorous fishes from coral reef lagoons of New Caledonia”. Aquatic Living Resources 18 (3): 231–250. doi:10.1051/alr:2005029.
  17. ^ Acevedo-Gutiérrez, Alejandro (2002). “Interactions Between Marine Predators: Dolphin Food Intake is Related to Number of Sharks”. Marine Ecology Progress Series 240: 267–271.
  18. ^ Rhodes, K.L. (2004). “Solomon Islands Spawning Aggregation Monitoring Training Workshop Report Gizo, Western Province, Solomon Islands 13-21 March 2004”. TNC Pacific Island Countries Report (The Nature Conservancy) 2 (04): 1–15. http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADI933.pdf
  19. ^ a b 横井謙典 『方言で調べる沖縄の魚図鑑』 沖縄出版、ISBN 4900668168。
  20. ^ Hardman, E.R.; F.E.I. Blais; M.S. Desiré; J.S.J. Raffin; S. Perrine; R.M. Chinien-Chetty; S. Meunier (2006). “Annual Report on the Status of the Artisanal Seine Net Fishery of Rodrigues 2006”. Shoals Rodrigues, Pointe Monier, Rodrigues: 1–67. http://www.ncl.ac.uk/tcmweb/tmr/fisheries_2006.pdf
 src= ウィキメディア・コモンズには、ナンヨウカイワリに関連するカテゴリがあります。
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ナンヨウカイワリ: Brief Summary ( Giaponèis )

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ナンヨウカイワリ(学名:Carangoides orthogrammus)は広い生息域をもつアジ科の外洋性海水魚である。インド洋から太平洋熱帯域に広く分布し、分布域は西はインド洋西部のモザンビークセーシェル、東はハワイレビジャヒヘド諸島といった太平洋の東部、中央部にまで広がっている。大陸棚でみられるのは稀で、外洋の島のラグーン岩礁サンゴ礁でみられる。比較的大型の種で、最大で全長75cm、体重6.6kgに達した記録がある。細かい解剖学的特徴のほか、黄色の斑点などで他種から区別することができる。しばしば小さな群れをつくり、様々な小魚や甲殻類を捕食する。漁業における重要性は生息域の全域においてそれほど高くはないが、トロール漁延縄漁、その他様々な方法による沿岸漁業で漁獲され、鮮魚塩漬けとして販売される。

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