Die Witspikkel-konynvis (Siganus sutor) is 'n vis wat voorkom in die westelike Indiese Oseaan en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf Kenia tot by Sodwanabaai. Spesies is al opgemerk by Knysna. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Bluespotted rabbitfish.
Die vis se kop en lyf is silwer grys en oortrek met klein ligblou kolletjies. In die nag lyk die kolletjies wit. Aan die bokant van die kop en die dorsale vin is die vis geel (party van die visse is goud tot donkerbruin) van kleur. Die vis word tot 50 cm lank.
Die vis leef in koraal- en rotsriwwe.
Die Witspikkel-konynvis (Siganus sutor) is 'n vis wat voorkom in die westelike Indiese Oseaan en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf Kenia tot by Sodwanabaai. Spesies is al opgemerk by Knysna. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Bluespotted rabbitfish.
Siganus sutor, the shoemaker spinefoot rabbitfish ,whitespotted rabbitfish or African whitespotted rabbitfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a rabbitfish belonging to the family Siganidae.[3] It lives in Indo-Pacific coral reefs.[4] It is endemic to the Indian Ocean, from Indonesia to Comoros.[2] S. sutor is one of the commercial marine fishes, which is ubiquitously caught, in Tanzania and the entire East African coast of Indian ocean.[5] S. sutor is among the most common fish species in the marine fisheries of Kenya, and accounts for around 40% of the artisanal fishery landings.[6] Various fishing gears are used to target the siganids, but basket traps are the preferred ones.[7] It is one of the mangrove/seagrass-associated coral reef fishes.[5] This species inhabits littoral areas and its fin spines are venomous to humans.[2]
Siganus sutor was first formally described in 1835 as Amphacanthus sutor by the French zoologist Achilles Valenciennes with the type locality given as the Seychelles.[8] The specific name sutor means “cobbler” or "shoemaker", a reference to the local name given to this species in the Seychelles and Mauritius cordonnier, which means a "shoemaker", being a name for rabbitfishes in the Seychellois Creole and Mauritian Creole languages. Valenciennes did not explain this but it is thought to refer to the sharp spines of these fishes which may have been used to puncture leather, like an awl.[9]
Siganus sutor has a maximum reported age of 3 years old. The color patterns of the fish extend to the fins.[2] During the daytime, the body of the S. sutor is usually a silver color with white spots. Sometimes there would be blue spots within the white spots. During night time, the fish has a mottled green or grey color. Siganus sutor has the ability to immediately change between these two color patterns.[10] The spines of the Siganids are slender, pungent and venomous.[2] Venom glands in the spines can cause great pain but are unlikely to be fatal to a healthy adult.[10] S. sutor has a total of 13-14 dorsal spines, 10 dorsal soft rays, 7 anal spines, 9-10 anal soft rays and 23 vertebraes. Long flap of anterior nostril shortens as the fish ages.[2]
Siganus sutor occurs in the Western Indian Ocean off East Africa from Somalia to South Africa and around the islands of Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius, the Comoros Islands, Rodrigues as well as in the Gulf of Aden off Yemen. Records elsewhere require confirmation. It is found at depths between 1 and 12 m (3 ft 3 in and 39 ft 4 in)[1] in inshore areas and pn inner reefs. It is frequently recorded in beds of seagrass.
Siganus sutor shows diurnal schooling behavior and feed in shallow water habitats.[11] They inhabit in inshore areas, particularly in seagrass beds and coral reefs (when they are adults).[5] The depth range of the living habitat is from 1m to 50m, but usually from 1m to 12 m.[2] When S. sutor is threatened, it will raise its dorsal fin for protection.[10] Also, S. sutor returns to the same offshore coral patch reef aggregation site to spawn on subsequent full moons, migrating at most 3.3 km from fishing grounds closer to shore.[6]
Siganus sutor is an herbivore, which feeds mainly on macro-algae.[5] It is a diurnal feeder, but it is often seen out in the open sea on night dives off the Tanzanian coast.[10]
This species produces venom in the spines of its fins.[2] In a study of the venom of a congener it was found that rabbitfish venom was similar to the venom of stonefishes.[12] If a person is envenomated by the spines of Siganus sutor, the treatment is to use hot water (as hot as one can take) for 60 to 90 minutes.[10]
Siganus sutors are likely to have gill parasites, such as the monogeneans Psedohaliotrema sp., Tetrancistrum sigani and Microcotyle mouwoi, the copepods Hatschekia sp., Psedolepeophtheirus sp. and juvenile Caligidae, and prazina larvae of the isopod Gnathia sp. Compare to the subadults, adult siganids would have higher parasite load, and the juvenile siganids do not have any gill parasites.[13]
The two spawning seasons for Siganus sutor are January/February and May/June.The presence of these seasons is determined by three factors: (1) temporal changes in the condition factor and relative weight of the gonads, (2) the progression of peaks of maturity stages with seasonal presence of spent fish in the samples, and (3) the seasonal appearance of juveniles.[14]
Siganus sutor and two other fish species (Lethrinus harak and Rastrelliger kanagurta) had been used to study the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in marine fishes from Dar es Salaam Tanzania. Researchers had assessed the potential risks to human health and the suitability of the fishes' fins as a non-destructive monitoring organ. The results showed that fins were not suitable as non-destructive monitoring organs for most metals. The levels of metal intake of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, lead and zinc in the muscles of the Siganus sutor were below the FAO/WHO maximum levels for contaminants and toxins in food for human consumption.[5]
Wildlife Conservation Society, Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute and State Department of Fisheries have promoted modification of the basket trap by adding an escape gap to help reduce the by-catch, which then allows the juveniles and small-sized fish to swim out of the trap.[7]
Siganus sutor, the shoemaker spinefoot rabbitfish ,whitespotted rabbitfish or African whitespotted rabbitfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a rabbitfish belonging to the family Siganidae. It lives in Indo-Pacific coral reefs. It is endemic to the Indian Ocean, from Indonesia to Comoros. S. sutor is one of the commercial marine fishes, which is ubiquitously caught, in Tanzania and the entire East African coast of Indian ocean. S. sutor is among the most common fish species in the marine fisheries of Kenya, and accounts for around 40% of the artisanal fishery landings. Various fishing gears are used to target the siganids, but basket traps are the preferred ones. It is one of the mangrove/seagrass-associated coral reef fishes. This species inhabits littoral areas and its fin spines are venomous to humans.
Siganus sutor es una especie de peces marinos de la familia Siganidae, orden Perciformes, suborden Acanthuroidei.
Su nombre común es sigano zapatero.[3] Es una especie comercializada para consumo humano, y, ocasionalmente venenosa.[4]
El cuerpo de los sigánidos es medianamente alto, muy comprimido lateralmente. Visto de perfil recuerda una elipse. La boca es terminal, muy pequeña, con mandíbulas no protráctiles. Tienen una lengüeta en la fosa nasal anterior, que se reduce en tamaño con el incremento de la edad.
La coloración base de la cabeza, el cuerpo y las aletas es verdoso a marrón arena. El vientre es más pálido. No obstante, la coloración es altamente variable, dependiendo tanto del humor del animal, como del color del sustrato donde se halle.[5]
Cuentan con 13 espinas y 10 radios blandos dorsales, precedidos por una espina corta saliente, a veces ligeramente sobresaliente, y otras totalmente oculta. La aleta anal cuenta con 7 fuertes espinas y 9 radios blandos. Las aletas pélvicas tienen 2 espinas, con 3 radios blandos entre ellas, característica única y distintiva de esta familia. Las espinas de las aletas tienen dos huecos laterales que contienen glándulas venenosas.[5]
El tamaño máximo de longitud es de 45 cm,[5] aunque el tamaño normal de adulto es de 30 cm.[6]
Aunque no se poseen datos específicos sobre su reproducción, como componentes del género Siganus, son ovíparos y de fertilización externa. Los huevos son adhesivos. El desove se produce al oscurecer, en los meses calurosos, coincidiendo con el ciclo lunar.
Poseen un estado larval planctónico de unos 24 días de duración. Desarrollan un estado post-larval, característico del suborden Acanthuroidei, llamado acronurus, en el que los individuos son transparentes, y se mantienen en estado pelágico durante un periodo extendido antes de establecerse en el hábitat definitivo, y adoptar entonces la forma y color de juveniles.
Son principalmente herbívoros Progresan de alimentarse de fitoplancton y zooplancton, como larvas, a alimentarse de macroalgas bénticas.[5] Consumen algas de los géneros Cymodocea, Syringodium o Thalassia.[7]
Habitan en aguas tropicales, asociados a arrecifes de coral costeros. Prefieren áreas protegidas de arrecifes interiores. frecuentan camas de algas.
Su rango de profundidad normal es entre 1 y 50 metros,[8] aunque lo frecuente es entre 1 y 12 metros.[9]
Estos peces se encuentran en el océano Indo-Pacífico, desde el este de África hasta Indonesia. También en el sudeste del océano Atlántico, a través de Sudáfrica.
Están presentes en Birmania, Comoros, Chagos, Indonesia, Irán, Kenia, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Reunión, isla Rodrigues, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudáfrica, Tailandia, Tanzania y Yemen. Siendo cuestionable su presencia en Japón, Malasia e islas Ryukyu.[10]
Siganus sutor es una especie de peces marinos de la familia Siganidae, orden Perciformes, suborden Acanthuroidei.
Su nombre común es sigano zapatero. Es una especie comercializada para consumo humano, y, ocasionalmente venenosa.
Siganus sutor Siganus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Siganidae familian sailkatzen da.
Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.
Siganus sutor is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van konijnvissen (Siganidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1835 door Valenciennes.
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白點藍子魚為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目刺尾魚亞目藍子魚科的其中一種，分布於西印度洋區，包括南非、東非、葛摩、英屬印度洋領地、馬達加斯加、模里西斯、留尼旺、塞席爾群島、伊朗等海域，棲息深度20-50公尺，體長可達27公分，棲息在珊瑚礁區，以藻類為食，可作為食用魚。
这是一篇與鱸形目相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 白點藍子魚為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目刺尾魚亞目藍子魚科的其中一種，分布於西印度洋區，包括南非、東非、葛摩、英屬印度洋領地、馬達加斯加、模里西斯、留尼旺、塞席爾群島、伊朗等海域，棲息深度20-50公尺，體長可達27公分，棲息在珊瑚礁區，以藻類為食，可作為食用魚。
