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Data on Catalog of Fishes ( Anglèis )

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View data on Catalog of Fishes here.

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Description ( Anglèis )

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The body of metamorphosed females is relatively short and oval to globular, the length and depth of the head about 50% SL. The sphenotics, epiotics, posttemporals, preopercles, anterodorsal margins of the frontals, heads of the palatines, symphysis of the lower jaw, all with well-developed spines. The posteroventral margin of the articulars is notched to form a pair of short spines. The positions, numbers, and relative length of the spines of the head is somewhat variable: the left posttemporal bears only a single spine in one known specimen; in all specimens examined, the 5 or 6 preopercular spines include a dorsal and ventral pair, while the position of one or two median spines varies in relation to that of the pairs.

The nostrils are set on low papilla. The lateral-line organs are stalked and unpigmented. The escal bulb is unpigmented and globular or slightly oval in shape, nearly sessile on the blunt tip of the pterygiophore of the illicium. The diameter of the escal bulb is 3.5–4.5% SL. Escal filaments and appendages are absent. The inner wall of the spherical photophore is black except for a relatively narrow distal transparent field.

The teeth are slender, recurved, depressible, and relatively short. The longest teeth are 2–3% SL and placed in the anterior part of the lower jaw. There are about 30 teeth on each premaxilla in a 24 mm specimen and about 80 in a 45 mm specimen; there are about 45 teeth on each dentary in a 24 mm specimen and about 110 in a 45 mm specimen. Teeth in the lower jaw are placed in a very regular pattern of oblique diagonal series: 5–10 overlapping longitudinal series each with teeth increasing in length posteriorly; more numerous transverse series each with teeth increasing in length medially. The pattern of placement of the premaxillary teeth is similar but less regular. There are 3 or 4 dorsal- and anal-fin rays, and 15–17 pectoral-fin rays .

The color of metamorphosed females in preservation is light brown, the skin semitransparent in smaller specimens (16–26 mm), but more densely pigmented in larger specimens (45–69 mm). Subdermal pigmentation is absent except on the peritoneum.

The body of free-living and parasitic males is elongate, the posterior part of the head strongly arched. Sphenotic spines are absent. The dorsal body contour is concave. There are 8 or 9 short recurved teeth on each side of the upper and lower jaws, arranged in 1 or 2 series, the largest teeth about one-half the length of the denticular teeth. The slightly tubular eyes are directed anteriorly, their diameter about 8% SL. The anterior nostrils are directed anteriorly, but are well separated and oval in shape, their vertical diameter about two-thirds that of the posterior nostrils. The posterior nostrils are directed anterolaterally and are well separated from the eyes. The olfactory organs and to some extent the eyes are degenerated in parasitic males. There are 3 or 4 dorsal- and anal-fin rays, and 15–17 pectoral-fin rays . The skin is unpigmented in free-living males, but faintly pigmented in parasitic males. Subdermal pigment is restricted to the peritoneum.

Females attain a maximum known length of 69 mm (SIO 53-356); the largest parasitic male measures 7.3 mm (ZMUC P92134) and the largest free-living male, 8.6 mm (ZMUC P921727).

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Diagnostic Description ( Anglèis )

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Metamorphosed females of the genus Photocorynus are distinguished from those of all other ceratioids by having a spine on the epiotic, a pair of spines on the posttemporal, and 5 or 6 spines on the preopercle. They differ further from those of all other genera of the family in having the following combination of character states: The frontals meet on the midline, each with a well-developed anterodorsal spine. The maxillae are moderately strong, the jaws with numerous short teeth arranged in several series. Vomerine teeth are absent. The first pharyngobranchial is present. The ceratohyal lacks an anterodorsal process. The posterior margin of the hypural plate is entire. The ninth caudal-fin ray is extremely short, the length of the illicium less than 10% SL. The esca is nearly sessile on the snout, without appendages. A hyoid barbel is absent. The second and third pectoral radials are subequal. The skin is darkly pigmented.

Free-living juvenile males of Photocorynus are unique in lacking cranial and preopercular spines. The preopercle is not strongly curved. The epiotic region of the skull is highly elevated. There are 8 or 9 teeth on each side of the upper and lower jaws, all shorter than the denticular teeth. The denticular bones are small and placed slightly behind the tip of the jaws. The denticular teeth are slender, 3 on the upper denticular and 3 or 4 on lower denticular. The eyes are slightly tubular, their diameter 8–9% SL. The olfactory organs are moderately enlarged and inflated, nearly as large as the eyes. Ther are 3 olfactory lamellae. The skin is unpigmented.

Adult males become parasitic. Their skin is very faintly pigmented. The olfactory organs and to a lesser extent the eyes are degenerated. Jaw teeth are lost except in the lower jaw of one known specimen.

The larvae are unknown, but extrapolating from the features displayed by recently metamorphosed males, they most probably lack sphenotic spines and subdermal pigmentation (except on the peritoneum), and have relatively small pectoral fins.

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Distribution ( Anglèis )

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Until recently, Photocorynus spiniceps was known only from the Gulf of Panama and off Peru, but the available material now includes records from Hawaii, the Western North Pacific, the Indian Ocean, and both sides of the Atlantic between latitudes of 32°N and 13°S. Included is a new record from off Japan (SIO 53-356) that represents both the largest known individual (69 mm) as well as the northernmost record (35°N) for the species.

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Habitat ( Anglèis )

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Meso- to bathypelagic. It appears to be a relatively deep-living species: four specimens were captured in closing nets at depths of 990 m and 1420 m; and of those caught in open nets, none were taken in maximum fishing depths of less than 1000 m.

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Main Reference ( Anglèis )

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Pietsch TW. 2009. Oceanic Anglerfishes: Extraordinary Diversity in the Deep Sea. Berkley: University of California Press. 638 p.

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Reproduction ( Anglèis )

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The 6.2- and 7.4-mm parasitic males of P. spiniceps are the smallest known within the suborder and, if regarded as adults, which histological evidence seems to indicate in the case of Photocorynus, they are among the world’s smallest known sexually mature vertebrates as defined in terms of length, volume, and weight.

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Size ( Anglèis )

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Known from thirty-one metamorphosed females at 16–69 mm SL, three free-living metamorphosed males at 6.5–8.6 mm SL, and four parasitic males at 6.2–7.3 mm SL.

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Type locality ( Anglèis )

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DANA station 1209(3), Gulf of Panama, 7°15'N, 78°54'W, 2500 m of wire, 17 January 1929.

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Type specimen(s) ( Anglèis )

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Holotype of Photocorynus spiniceps: ZMUC P92134, female, 46 mm, with 7.3-mm parasitic male.

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Diagnostic Description ( Anglèis )

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Metamorphosed females distinguished by the following characteristics: have spine on epiotic, pair of spines on postemporal and 5-6 spines on preopercle; frontals meet on midline, each with well-developed anterodorsal spine; moderately strong maxillae, jaws with numerous short teeth arranged in several series; absence of vomerine teeth; presence of first pharyngobranchial; ceratohyal lacking anterodorsal process; posterior margin of hypural plate is entire; extremely short ninth caudal fin ray, length of illicium less than 10%SL; esca nearly sessile on snout, without appendages; absence of hyoid barbell; second and third pectoral radials are subequal; darkly pigmented skin. Free-living juvenile males characterized by: lacking cranial and preopercular spines; preopercle not strongly curved; epiotic region of skull highly elevated; 8-9 teeth on each side of upper and lower jaws, all shorter than the denticular teeth; small denticular bones, placed slightly behind tip of jaws; slender denticular teeth, 3 on upper denticular and 3-4 on lower denticular; slightly tubular eyes, diameter 8-9% SL; moderately enlarged and inflated olfactory organs, nearly as large as eyes; 3 olfactory lamellae; skin unpigmented. Adult males characterized by: having skin that is very faintly pigmented; olfactory organs and to a lesser extent the eyes are degenerated; jaw teeth lost except in the lower jaw of one known specimen (Ref. 86949).
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Biology ( Anglèis )

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Also mesopelagic. Males dwarfed, becoming parasitic on females (Ref. 10762).
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Photocorynus spiniceps ( Basch )

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Photocorynus spiniceps Photocorynus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Linophrynidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Photocorynus spiniceps FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

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Photocorynus spiniceps: Brief Summary ( Basch )

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Photocorynus spiniceps Photocorynus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Linophrynidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Photocorynus spiniceps ( olandèis; flamand )

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Vissen

Photocorynus spiniceps is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de linophryden (Linophrynidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1925 door Regan.

Kenmerken

Mannetjes van deze soort worden zo'n 7 mm lang en leven als volwassen dier als parasiet op de vrouwtjes. Het kleinste gemeten mannetje was 6,2 mm, waardoor de soort gezien kan worden als de kleinste gewervelde.[2] Mannetjes zijn zeer licht gekleurd en hebben gedegenereerde ogen. Vrouwtjes worden tussen 16 en 69 mm lang en zijn donker gekleurd.[3]

Leefgebied

P. spiniceps komt voor in het tropisch en subtropisch gebied van de Indische Oceaan, de Stille Oceaan en de Atlantische Oceaan tussen 32° noorderbreedte en 13° zuiderbreedte. Hij is er waargenomen op dieptes van 990 tot 1420 meter.[3]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Photocorynus spiniceps. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
  2. Small Claims: Big Debate Over Tiniest Creature Title. LiveScience (13 januari 2012). Geraadpleegd op 13 januari 2012.
  3. a b Photocorynus spiniceps. Encyclopedia of Life. Geraadpleegd op 13 januari 2012.
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Photocorynus spiniceps: Brief Summary ( olandèis; flamand )

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Photocorynus spiniceps is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de linophryden (Linophrynidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1925 door Regan.

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Photocorynus spiniceps ( polonèis )

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Photocorynus spinicepsgatunek ryby żabnicokształtnej z rodziny Linophrynidae, jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Photocorynus. Samce tego gatunku uznawane są za jedne z najmniejszych (dojrzałych płciowo) ryb świata[2].

Występowanie

W tropikalnych i subtropikalnych wodach zachodniego Atlantyku.

Opis

Samce osiągają długość do około 1 cm, samice 4,3 cm. Ryba głębinowa. Podobnie jak inne żabnicokształtne pierwszy promień płetwy grzbietowej ma przekształcony w narząd wabiący ofiarę i zakończony wabikiem świetlnym (illicium). Jej zdobycz może czasami być tak duża jak jej własne ciało. Samiec jest seksualnym pasożytem samicy[2][3]. Całe swoje życie spędza przytwierdzony do grzbietu o wiele większej samicy. Prawie całe ciało samca składa się z jąder. Miniaturowy samiec zapewnia samicy zapłodnienie, w zamian za co samica dostarcza mu pożywienia.

Przypisy

  1. Photocorynus spiniceps, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. a b Theodore W. Pietsch. Dimorphism, parasitism, and sex revisited: modes of reproduction among deep-sea ceratioid anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes). „Ichthyological Research”. 52, s. 207–236, 2005. DOI: 10.1007/s10228-005-0286-2 (ang.). (pdf)
  3. Photocorynus spiniceps. (ang.) w: Froese, R. & D. Pauly. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org [dostęp 5 listopada 2010]
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Photocorynus spiniceps: Brief Summary ( polonèis )

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Photocorynus spiniceps – gatunek ryby żabnicokształtnej z rodziny Linophrynidae, jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Photocorynus. Samce tego gatunku uznawane są za jedne z najmniejszych (dojrzałych płciowo) ryb świata.

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Photocorynus spiniceps ( vietnamèis )

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Photocorynus spiniceps là một loài cá vây tia trong họ Cyprinidae. Nó là loài đặc hữu của Papua New Guinea. Đây là loài duy nhất tronh chi Photocorynus. Các cá thể đực trưởng thành được biết đến là 6,2-7,3 mm (0,25-0,3 inch), nhỏ hơn bất kỳ cá trưởng thành và động vật có xương sống khác; con cái tuy nhiên, đạt được kích thước lớn hơn đáng kể lên đến 50,5 mm (2 inch). (Tuy nhiên, rất nhiều loài cá có cả giới tính có độ tuổi trưởng thành dưới 20 milimet (0,8 inch).

Chú thích

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết Lớp Cá vây tia này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Photocorynus spiniceps: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

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Photocorynus spiniceps là một loài cá vây tia trong họ Cyprinidae. Nó là loài đặc hữu của Papua New Guinea. Đây là loài duy nhất tronh chi Photocorynus. Các cá thể đực trưởng thành được biết đến là 6,2-7,3 mm (0,25-0,3 inch), nhỏ hơn bất kỳ cá trưởng thành và động vật có xương sống khác; con cái tuy nhiên, đạt được kích thước lớn hơn đáng kể lên đến 50,5 mm (2 inch). (Tuy nhiên, rất nhiều loài cá có cả giới tính có độ tuổi trưởng thành dưới 20 milimet (0,8 inch).

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Панамская фотокорина ( russ; russi )

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Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Группа: Рыбы
Группа: Костные рыбы
Подкласс: Новопёрые рыбы
Инфракласс: Костистые рыбы
Надотряд: Колючепёрые
Серия: Перкоморфы
Подотряд: Цератиевидные
Семейство: Линофриновые
Род: Фотокорины (Photocorynus Regan, 1925)
Вид: Панамская фотокорина
Международное научное название

Photocorynus spiniceps Regan, 1925

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ITIS 622950EOL 224203

Панамская фотокорина[1] (лат. Photocorynus spiniceps) — вид лучепёрых рыб из монотипического рода Photocorynus семейства линофриновых.

Описание

Присутствует выраженный половой диморфизм. В то время как самки достигают длины от 5 до 6,9 см[2], карликовые самцы достигают в длину от 6 до 9 мм[3].

Самка

У самок округлое тело с очень большой, широкой головой. Кости черепа имеют шиповидные отростки. Добыванию пищи служат мелкие, но многочисленные клыки и приманка в виде удочки или фонаря. Он образован относительно коротким первым лучом спинных плавников, который размещён на голове и снабжён светящимся органом. При помощи биолюминесцентных бактерий добыча привлекается в темноте на глубине моря.

Самец

Половозрелый самец достигает длины от 6,2 до 7,3 мм. Были найдены также свободно живущие самцы длиной 9,3 мм[2]. Большинство самцов всё же меньше других позвоночных животных[4]. У них огромные глаза, а также органы обоняния в области носа, с помощью которых они могут воспринимать химические вещества. После фазы личинки с помощью этих органов они начинают поиски самок. Как только они находят её, они прикрепляются к ней в подходящем месте своими острыми зубами[5]. Ткани партнёров, а также кровеносные сосуды срастаются. Питание самца происходит через кровь самки. С этого момента самец паразитирует на самке. Это явление получило название сексуальный паразитизм. Самец производит с помощью гонад, занимающих почти всё его тело, сперматозоиды, служащие для оплодотворения отложенных самкой в воду яиц.

Распространение

Вид распространён, прежде всего, в тропических и субтропических водах западной Атлантики, обитает, однако, на этой географической широте также в западной и восточной частях Тихого океана. Он живёт в глубоководной зоне моря ниже отметки 1 000 м, куда не попадает солнечный свет.

Образ жизни

Как и другие удильщики, панамская фотокорина привлекает добычу с помощью биолюминесценции. Половозрелые самки терпеливо ожидают неподвижно на морском дне, пока потенциальная добыча не будет привлечена светящейся приманкой. Добычей являются часто другие глубоководные рыбы. Благодаря подвижной челюсти добыча заглатывается целиком. Желудок самок способен растягиваться, благодаря чему они способны заглатывать добычу, превосходящую их по своим размерам.

Открытие

Экземпляр, поднятый со дна Чарльзом Тейтом Реганом для научного описания, был пойман в рамках экспедиции датского морского биолога Йохана Шмидта на исследовательском судне «Дана» в 1920—1922 годах в Панамском заливе на глубине 1 250 м. Хотя пойманная самка длиной в 62 мм ещё не была половозрелой, самец длиной почти 1 см уже прикрепился к её голове.

Примечания

  1. Решетников Ю. С., Котляр А. Н., Расс Т. С., Шатуновский М. И. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Рыбы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1989. — С. 432. — 12 500 экз.ISBN 5-200-00237-0.
  2. 1 2 Theodore W. Pietsch: Linophrynidae. Sinistral Seadevils. Version 02, Oktober 2007, The Tree of Life Web Project
  3. Theodore W. Pietsch: Dimorphism, parasitism, and sex revisited: modes of reproduction among deep-sea ceratioid anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes). Ichthyological Research, 52, 3, S. 207—236, 2005
  4. S. H. Weitzman & R. P. Vari: Miniaturization in South American freshwater fishes; an overview and discussion. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101, S. 444—465, 1988
  5. Masaki Miya, Theodore W. Pietsch, James W. Orr, Rachel J. Arnold, Takashi P. Satoh, Andrew M. Shedlock, Hsuan-Ching Ho, Mitsuomi Shimazaki, Mamoru Yabe & Mutsumi Nishida: Evolutionary history of anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes): a mitogenomic perspective. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10, 1, 58, Februar 2010
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Панамская фотокорина: Brief Summary ( russ; russi )

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Панамская фотокорина (лат. Photocorynus spiniceps) — вид лучепёрых рыб из монотипического рода Photocorynus семейства линофриновых.

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棘頭光棒鮟鱇 ( cinèis )

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二名法 Photocorynus spiniceps
Regan英语Charles Tate Regan, 1925

棘頭光棒鮟鱇輻鰭魚綱鮟鱇目鬚角鮟鱇科的其中一,發現於西大西洋熱帶至亞熱帶海域,屬深海魚類,棲息深度1250公尺,雌魚體可達5.05公分(2英吋)[1],雄魚體長可達0.62-0.73公分(0.24-0.3英吋)幾乎小於其他魚類脊椎動物,其雄魚可說為世界上最小的魚類及世界已知上最小的脊椎動物物種,屬肉食性,雄魚只會負責寄生在雌魚身上,讓雌魚有效的變成的雌雄同體的個體,雄性大部分的身體都由睪丸組成,負責輔助生殖[2]

参考文献

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 src= 維基物種中有關棘頭光棒鮟鱇的數據

  1. ^ Theodore W. Pietsch. Dimorphism, parasitism, and sex revisited: modes of reproduction among deep-sea ceratioid anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes). Ichthyological Research. 2005, 52 (3): 207–236. doi:10.1007/s10228-005-0286-2.
  2. ^ Photocorynus spiniceps-wiki(英文)
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棘頭光棒鮟鱇: Brief Summary ( cinèis )

fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科

棘頭光棒鮟鱇為輻鰭魚綱鮟鱇目鬚角鮟鱇科的其中一,發現於西大西洋熱帶至亞熱帶海域,屬深海魚類,棲息深度1250公尺,雌魚體可達5.05公分(2英吋),雄魚體長可達0.62-0.73公分(0.24-0.3英吋)幾乎小於其他魚類脊椎動物,其雄魚可說為世界上最小的魚類及世界已知上最小的脊椎動物物種,屬肉食性,雄魚只會負責寄生在雌魚身上,讓雌魚有效的變成的雌雄同體的個體,雄性大部分的身體都由睪丸組成,負責輔助生殖。

licensa
cc-by-sa-3.0
drit d'autor
维基百科作者和编辑