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Chathamscharbe ( Alman )

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Die Chathamscharbe (Leucocarbo onslowi, Syn.: Phalacrocorax onslowi) ist eine Vogelart aus der Gattung Phalacrocorax innerhalb der Familie der Kormorane. Die Art kommt ausschließlich an den Küsten der zu Neuseeland gehörenden Chatham-Inseln vor. Sie brütet in kleinen Kolonien und ernährt sich vorwiegend von Fischen. Die IUCN führt die Art wegen der zunehmenden Zerstörung ihres Lebensraums und des kleinen Bestandes als „vom Aussterben bedroht (Critically Endangered)“.[1] BirdLife International schätzt den Bestand der Chathamscharbe auf nur noch 540 geschlechtsreife Individuen.[2] Der Artstatus ist wie bei vielen Kormoranen umstritten.

Aussehen

Chathamscharben erreichen eine Länge von maximal 63 Zentimetern und ein Gewicht zwischen 1790 und 2525 Gramm. Die Art zeigt einen Geschlechtsdimorphismus, die Männchen sind etwas größer und schwerer als die Weibchen. Die Art ähnelt stark der größeren Warzenscharbe, zeigt jedoch etwas weniger Weiß auf den Flügeln sowie eine rote Schnabelbasis und eine ebenso gefärbte Gesichtshaut, die bis um das Auge herum reicht. Die nackte Gesichtshaut über der oberen Schnabelbasis trägt vor allem zur Brutzeit ausgeprägte, warzige Auswüchse, die gelb gefärbt sind. Der graue Schnabel ist im Verhältnis zur Körpermasse kürzer und schmaler als der der Warzenscharbe. Die Iris hat eine blaue Farbe, Beine und Füße sind rosa.

Jungvögel ähneln bereits stark den adulten Vögeln, tragen jedoch braune statt schwarze Federn. Die weiße Flügelzeichnung adulter Vögel kann bereits durch hellere Federn in diesem Bereich angedeutet sein.

Innerhalb des Verbreitungsgebietes kann die Chathamscharbe mit keiner anderen Art verwechselt werden: Es ist die einzige Kormoranart, die auf dieser Inselgruppe vorkommt, die eine weiße Körperunterseite und rosafarbene Füße aufweist.[3] Die Chathamscharbe vergesellschaftet sich außerdem mit keiner anderen Kormoranart.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

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Verbreitungsgebiet der Chathamscharbe

Die Chathamscharbe ist ein Endemit der zu Neuseeland gehörenden Chatham-Inseln. Das Vorkommen beschränkt sich auf die flachen Küstengewässer und Buchten, auf der Hochsee ist sie nicht anzutreffen.

Die Art ist ein Standvogel und Jungvögel zeigen keine Tendenz zur Dismigration.

Nahrung

Die Nahrung besteht vorwiegend aus kleinen Fischen, über die genaue Zusammensetzung ist jedoch nichts bekannt. Wie alle Kormorane jagt die Art ihre Beute bevorzugt tauchend, indem sie sie unter Wasser schwimmend verfolgt und fängt. Gelegentlich schließen sich einige Vögel zur gemeinsamen Jagd zusammen.

Da das Gefieder der Chathamscharbe Wasser aufnimmt, muss es nach einem Tauchgang getrocknet werden. Wie die meisten Kormorane breitet die Art dazu ihre Flügel aus und lässt das Gefieder durch die Sonne oder Wind trocknen.

Brut und Brutverhalten

Über die Fortpflanzungsbiologie der Chathamscharbe liegen bislang kaum Informationen vor.[4] Der Beginn der Brutzeit liegt zwischen September und Dezember und ist abhängig vom Nahrungsangebot.

Die Art brütet in kleinen Kolonien an felsigen Küstenabschnitten und auf der Küste vorgelagerten Felseninseln. Das vorwiegend aus kleinen Stöcken, Algen und Gras bestehende Nest wird bevorzugt auf flachen Hängen oder ebenem Grund errichtet und mit Exkrementen verfestigt.

In der Regel werden drei Eier gelegt. Die Küken schlüpfen nackt, ihnen wächst nach einigen Tagen ein braunes Daunenkleid. Junge Chathamscharben werden gelegentlich so von Silberkopfmöwen bedrängt, dass sie ihre Nahrung hochwürgen.[4]

Systematik

Wie bei allen Kormoranen ist die genaue systematische Stellung der Art umstritten. Die Chathamscharbe gehört zu einer Gruppe von Kormoranarten der Südhalbkugel, die aufgrund oft geringer morphologischer Unterschiede in verschiedene Arten eingeteilt werden. Die Richtigkeit dieses Vorgehens ist umstritten. Eine endgültige Klärung der Systematik mittels genetischer Methoden steht noch aus. Die Chathamscharbe wird von einigen Wissenschaftlern als Unterart der Warzenscharbe angesehen.

Gefährdung und Schutz

Die IUCN führt die Art als „vom Aussterben bedroht (Critically Endangered)“, da der Gesamtbestand auf weniger als 500 Tiere geschätzt wird und in den letzten Jahren stark abgenommen hat. Bedrohungen stellen die Störung der Brutkolonien durch Landwirtschaft sowie Nachstellung durch verwilderte Hauskatzen und eingeschleppte Ratten dar. Durch das kleine Verbreitungsgebiet kann die Art Verluste nur sehr langsam kompensieren.

Verweise

Literatur

  • Josep del Hoyo, Andrew Elliot, Jordi Sargatal: Handbook of the birds of the world. Band 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 1992, ISBN 84-87334-10-5.
  • P. J. Higgins (Hrsg.): Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds. Band 1: Ratites to Ducks. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1990, ISBN 0195530683.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Leucocarbo onslowi in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2010. Eingestellt von: BirdLife International, 2010. Abgerufen am 16. März 2011.
  2. Factsheet auf BirdLife International
  3. Higgins, S. 881
  4. a b Higgins, S. 882
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Chathamscharbe: Brief Summary ( Alman )

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Die Chathamscharbe (Leucocarbo onslowi, Syn.: Phalacrocorax onslowi) ist eine Vogelart aus der Gattung Phalacrocorax innerhalb der Familie der Kormorane. Die Art kommt ausschließlich an den Küsten der zu Neuseeland gehörenden Chatham-Inseln vor. Sie brütet in kleinen Kolonien und ernährt sich vorwiegend von Fischen. Die IUCN führt die Art wegen der zunehmenden Zerstörung ihres Lebensraums und des kleinen Bestandes als „vom Aussterben bedroht (Critically Endangered)“. BirdLife International schätzt den Bestand der Chathamscharbe auf nur noch 540 geschlechtsreife Individuen. Der Artstatus ist wie bei vielen Kormoranen umstritten.

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Chatham shag ( Anglèis )

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The Chatham shag (Leucocarbo onslowi), also known as the Chatham Island shag, is a species of bird in the cormorant and shag family, Phalacrocoracidae. It is endemic to the Chatham Islands of New Zealand. For a long time the species was placed in the genus Phalacrocorax; today it is mostly placed with the other blue-eyed shags of New Zealand and Antarctica in the genus Leucocarbo. Its closest relative is the Otago shag of South Island.

This is a large, pied shag with a long crest. It is highly coastal, rarely foraging far from shore, although sometimes feeds in the large and brackish Te Whanga Lagoon. It forages for fish and cephalopods and roosts on rocky shores. The species is colonial, breeding in small colonies around the Chatham Islands. Little is known about its breeding behaviour. The species is threatened by introduced predators, disturbance at its breeding colonies and habitat loss.

Taxonomy

New Zealand king shag

Kohatu shag

Otago shag

Chatham shag

Foveaux shag

Phylogeny of the Blue-eyed shags of North, South and the Chatham Islands, showing the position of the Chatham shag, based on Rawlence et al, 2017

Henry Forbes described the Chatham shag as Phalacrocorax onslowi in 1893. The specific name commemorates William Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow, who was the Governor of New Zealand between 1889 and 1892.[2] The question of which genus to place the species in has, like the general question of the taxonomy of the cormorants and shags on the whole, been a long-standing mystery. It was long retained in Phalacrocorax along with the rest of the family when the family was treated as monogeneric. It was also placed in the genus Euleucocarbo along with the other "blue-eyed shags" found in New Zealand. The species has sometimes been considered a subspecies of an enlarged New Zealand king shag species (Leucocarbo carunculatus).[3] Most recently a 2014 study of the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA of the family placed it within the New Zealand blue-eyed shags and the other Antarctic blue-eyed shags in the genus Leucocarbo.[4] This arrangement has also been adopted by the International Ornithologists' Union.[5] The same study found that its closest relative was the species formerly known as Stewart shag.[4] Since 2016, the Stewart shag is now treated as two species, the Otago and Foveaux shags. The same study that split these two species also found that the Chatham shag is closely related to the Otago shag and that this pair are in turn a sister clade to the Foveaux shag.[6] These three species are in turn related to the New Zealand king shag and an extinct Leucocarbo species, the Kohatu shag, from the far north of New Zealand.[7]

"Chatham Shag" has been designated as the official common name for the species by the IOC.[5] The species is also known as the "Chatham Island shag".[8]

Description

An adult Chatham shag is 63 cm (25 in) in length and weighs around 1,790–2,400 g (63–85 oz).[3] It is a large pied shag with a white throat, breast, belly and patches on the scapulars of the wings, and black or black-brown elsewhere. When breeding the head and hind-neck have a blue metallic sheen, the wings and mantle have a greenish sheen and the rest of the black areas have a purplish-blue sheen. The head has a prominent crest and there are white filoplumes on the neck. Adults have a red gular sac and orange-red caruncles on the face and the gape of the mouth. In spite of the common name of the genus the iris of the eye is brown, and the eye has a violet eye-ring. The bill is dark grey, with a bright red mouth, and the legs and feet are dull pink. Non-breeding birds look similar to breeding birds but are duller, have no crest or filoplumes, and duller bare parts. The caruncles are yellow, the eye-ring blue, the mouth orange and the bill is light-grey.[9]

Distribution and habitat

The Chatham shag is, as its name suggests, endemic to the Chatham Islands of New Zealand.

The species is endemic to the Chatham Islands, an archipelago around 700 km (430 mi) to the east of New Zealand. In the Chathams it is an inshore species, rarely going more than a few kilometres away from shore, and it is more commonly found in sheltered water such as bays and inlets.[3] It also forages in the large brackish Te Whanga Lagoon.[8] It breeds in colonies on coastal areas and around Te Whanga Lagoon, either on flat areas, slopes or wide cliff ledges. There are currently thirteen colonies of this species, found on the main Chatham Island as well as Pitt Island, Star Keys, Rabbit Island and North East Reef. These colonies are located close to the high-tide mark and can have as many as 300 nests in them.[10] It roosts on rocks close to shore or at sea,[3] although it may have different roosting sites for day and night. The species is non-migratory and has never been recorded away from the Chatham Islands,[9] although the species does feed and roost on islands in the Chathams away from their breeding colonies, for example Mangere.[11]

Behaviour

Diet and feeding

Like all cormorants, the Chatham shag is a pursuit-diver, propelling itself underwater with its feet and returning to the surface to consume small prey caught in its bill.[12] The specific diet of the Chatham shag is poorly known,[3] but is dominated by fish, including opalfish, flatfish and bullies, as well as cephalopods such as octopuses, squid and cuttlefish. It generally feeds alone,[8] but will form small feeding flocks at times.[3]

Breeding

Little is known about the breeding biology. Males attract a mate with an advertising display in which it stands with its tail cocked up and throws its neck and head back towards its tail, up to 13 times, while making a gargling noise. Mated pairs recognise each other at the nest with gaping and head-lowering displays. During these the male makes a barking noise, but the female is almost silent, making only a soft puffing noise.[9]

Breeding is seasonal, and the timing of laying can vary from colony to colony. Most Chatham shags lay between October and December, but the colonies on Te Whanga Lagoon breed three months earlier than other colonies.[8] The nest is made of iceplant, grasses and other plants. Small nesting territories are defended from others of the species, and birds nesting in the centre of the colony have to run the gauntlet of biting to reach their nests as they pass other territories.[9] Two to four eggs are laid;[8] the eggs measure 59 to 63 mm (2.3–2.5 in) × 37 to 40 mm (1.5–1.6 in) and are matt pale blue with a chalky covering.[9] The incubation time is not known but is thought to be around 30 days.[8]

Conservation

The Chatham shag is threatened by a range of human activities and threats. The species is sensitive to disturbance at its breeding colonies, as nests are trampled by stampeding adults and nests are opportunistically raided by silver gulls after the eggs are unattended. At worst, entire colonies have been abandoned due to disturbance by people or stock. Colonies on the main islands are also vulnerable to introduced predators such as weka, feral cats and possums. It is considered critically endangered by the IUCN.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2018). "Leucocarbo onslowi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22696861A131116322. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22696861A131116322.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ Jobling, J. A. (2019). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D.; Sargatal, J. (eds.). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Orta, J; Christie, D; Jutglar, F; Kirwan, G. M. (2019). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Chatham Shag (Leucocarbo onslowi)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. doi:10.2173/bow.chisha1.01.1. S2CID 242270837. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  4. ^ a b Kennedy, Martyn; Spencer, Hamish G. (October 2014). "Classification of the cormorants of the world". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 79: 249–257. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.020. PMID 24994028.
  5. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Hamerkop, Shoebill, pelicans, boobies, cormorants". World Bird List Version 9.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Archived from the original on 23 April 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
  6. ^ Rawlence, Nicolas J.; Scofield, R. Paul; Spencer, Hamish G.; Lalas, Chris; Easton, Luke J.; Tennyson, Alan J.D.; Adams, Mark; Pasquet, Eric; Fraser, Cody; Waters, Jonathan M.; Kennedy, Martyn (2016). "Genetic and morphological evidence for two species of Leucocarbo shag (Aves, Pelecaniformes, Phalacrocoracidae) from southern South Island of New Zealand". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (3): 676–694. doi:10.1111/zoj.12376.
  7. ^ Rawlence, Nicolas J.; Till, Charlotte E.; Easton, Luke J.; Spencer, Hamish G.; Schuckard, Rob; Melville, David S.; Scofield, R. Paul; Tennyson, Alan J.D.; Rayner, Matt J.; Waters, Jonathan M.; Kennedy, Martyn (2017). "Speciation, range contraction and extinction in the endemic New Zealand King Shag complex". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 115: 197–209. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.011. PMID 28803756.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Bell, M (2013). Miskelly, Colin (ed.). "Chatham Island shag". New Zealand Birds Online. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  9. ^ a b c d e Marchant, S.; Higgins, P. J., eds. (1990). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 1: Ratites to ducks; Part B, Australian pelican to ducks. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 881–884. ISBN 9780195530681.
  10. ^ Bell, M; Bell, D; Boyle, D; Tuanui-Chisholm, H (2017). "Chatham Island Shag census 2014–2016" (PDF). Technical Report to the Department of Conservation.
  11. ^ Nilsson, R; Kennedy, E; West, J (1994). "The birdlife of South East Island (Rangatira), Chatham Islands, New Zealand" (PDF). Notornis. 41: 109–125.
  12. ^ Orta, J (2019). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. doi:10.2173/bow.phalac1.01. S2CID 216251345. Retrieved 26 March 2019.

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Chatham shag: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

fornì da wikipedia EN

The Chatham shag (Leucocarbo onslowi), also known as the Chatham Island shag, is a species of bird in the cormorant and shag family, Phalacrocoracidae. It is endemic to the Chatham Islands of New Zealand. For a long time the species was placed in the genus Phalacrocorax; today it is mostly placed with the other blue-eyed shags of New Zealand and Antarctica in the genus Leucocarbo. Its closest relative is the Otago shag of South Island.

This is a large, pied shag with a long crest. It is highly coastal, rarely foraging far from shore, although sometimes feeds in the large and brackish Te Whanga Lagoon. It forages for fish and cephalopods and roosts on rocky shores. The species is colonial, breeding in small colonies around the Chatham Islands. Little is known about its breeding behaviour. The species is threatened by introduced predators, disturbance at its breeding colonies and habitat loss.

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Leucocarbo onslowi ( Spagneul; Castilian )

fornì da wikipedia ES

El cormorán de las Chatham (Leucocarbo onslowi)[2][3]​ es una especie de ave suliforme de la familia Phalacrocoracidae endémica de Nueva Zelanda.

Distribución y hábitat

Se encuentra únicamente en las islas Chatham. Habita en aguas costeras poco profundas y costas rocosas. Está amenazada por la pérdida de hábitat, y está clasificado en peligro crítico por la UICN.

Referencias

  1. BirdLife International (2012). «Phalacrocorax onslowi». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2013.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 11 de diciembre de 2014.
  2. Bernis, F; De Juana, E; Del Hoyo, J; Fernández-Cruz, M; Ferrer, X; Sáez-Royuela, R; Sargatal, J (1994). «Nombres en castellano de las aves del mundo recomendados por la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (Primera parte: Struthioniformes-Anseriformes)». Ardeola. Handbook of the Birds of the World (Madrid: SEO/BirdLife) 41 (1): 79-89. ISSN 0570-7358. Consultado el 10 de diciembre de 2014.
  3. «Cormorán de las Chatham (Phalacrocorax onslowi) Forbes,HO, 1893». Avibase. Consultado el 10 de diciembre de 2014.

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Leucocarbo onslowi: Brief Summary ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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El cormorán de las Chatham (Leucocarbo onslowi)​​ es una especie de ave suliforme de la familia Phalacrocoracidae endémica de Nueva Zelanda.

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Leucocarbo onslowi ( Basch )

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Leucocarbo onslowi Leucocarbo generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Phalacrocoracidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Kanpo estekak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Leucocarbo onslowi: Brief Summary ( Basch )

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Leucocarbo onslowi Leucocarbo generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Phalacrocoracidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Leucocarbo onslowi ( Italian )

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Il cormorano delle Chatham (Leucocarbo onslowi H. O. Forbes, 1893) è un uccello appartenente alla famiglia dei Falacrocoracidi diffuso nelle isole Chatham[2].

Conservazione

La Lista rossa IUCN classifica Leucocarbo onslowi come specie in pericolo critico di estinzione (Critically Endangered).[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) BirdLife International 2016, Leucocarbo onslowi, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) Gill F. and Donsker D. (eds), Family Phalacrocoracidae, in IOC World Bird Names (ver 9.2), International Ornithologists’ Union, 2019. URL consultato l'8 maggio 2014.

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Leucocarbo onslowi: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il cormorano delle Chatham (Leucocarbo onslowi H. O. Forbes, 1893) è un uccello appartenente alla famiglia dei Falacrocoracidi diffuso nelle isole Chatham.

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Onslows aalscholver ( olandèis; flamand )

fornì da wikipedia NL

Vogels

Onslows aalscholver (Leucocarbo onslowi, synoniem: Phalacrocorax onslowi) is een vogel uit de familie Phalacrocoracidae (Aalscholvers). Het is een ernstig bedreigde, endemische zeevogelsoort op de Chathameilanden, een tot Nieuw-Zeeland behorende eilandengroep. De soort is vernoemd naar William Onslow, vierde graaf van Onslow, de toenmalige gouverneur van Nieuw-Zeeland.[2]

Kenmerken

De vogel is 63 cm lang, het is een middelgrote aalscholver, iets kleiner dan de kuifaalscholver. Deze aalscholver heeft een afwisselend wit en zwart verenkleed. De kop, nek, onderkant van de rug en stuit en de bovenstaartdekveren zijn zwart met een metaalglans. De voorkant van de hals, borst en buik zijn wit. Op de snavel zitten oranje, wratachtige groeisels, de poten zijn roze. Op de vleugels zijn witte vlakken die, als de vogel de vleugels heeft opgevouwen, lijken op een vleugelstreep.[3]

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort is endemisch op de Chathameilanden ten oosten van Nieuw-Zeeland. Er zijn vier eilanden met een vogelkolonie: het hoofdeiland Chatham, Star Keys, Rabbit en Pitt. De vogel broedt bovenop rotsen die relatief hoog in het landschap staan of zit op de randen van kliffen. De vogel foerageert op zee en eet voornamelijk kleine vis. Men veronderstelt dat hij zich hoogstens 24 km van de kust vandaan waagt.[3]

Status

Onslows aalscholver heeft een zeer klein verspreidingsgebied, het broedgebied beslaat slecht 1 ha; daardoor is de kans op uitsterven aanwezig. De grootte van de populatie werd in 2011 door BirdLife International geschat op 1070 individuen en de populatie-aantallen nemen waarschijnlijk af. Zo werd tussen 1997 en 2003 een achteruitgang van 68% geconstateerd in de broedvogelaantallen. Er zijn echter grote jaar op jaar fluctuaties. De broedkolonies worden verstoord door honden en andere huisdieren en toeristen, verder is er predatie door verwilderde katten en andere later ingevoerde dieren. Mogelijk is de voedselsituatie in het zeegebied rondom ook aan het verslechteren. Om al deze redenen staat deze soort als ernstig bedreigd (kritiek) op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN.[1]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Onslows aalscholver: Brief Summary ( olandèis; flamand )

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Onslows aalscholver (Leucocarbo onslowi, synoniem: Phalacrocorax onslowi) is een vogel uit de familie Phalacrocoracidae (Aalscholvers). Het is een ernstig bedreigde, endemische zeevogelsoort op de Chathameilanden, een tot Nieuw-Zeeland behorende eilandengroep. De soort is vernoemd naar William Onslow, vierde graaf van Onslow, de toenmalige gouverneur van Nieuw-Zeeland.

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Leucocarbo onslowi ( turch )

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Binominal adı Leucocarbo onslowi
Forbes, 1893 Sinonimler
  • Phalacrocorax onslowi
Dış bağlantılar Commons-logo.svg Wikimedia Commons'ta Leucocarbo onslowi ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur. Wikispecies-logo.svg Wikispecies'te Leucocarbo onslowi ile ilgili detaylı taksonomi bilgileri bulunur.

Leucocarbo onslowi karabatakgiller (Phalacrocoracidae) familyasından bir kuş türüdür. Yeni Zelanda'ya endemiktir. Chatham Adası'nda üreyen kuşların sayısının 1.000 çiftten az olduğu düşünülmektedir.

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Leucocarbo onslowi: Brief Summary ( turch )

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Leucocarbo onslowi karabatakgiller (Phalacrocoracidae) familyasından bir kuş türüdür. Yeni Zelanda'ya endemiktir. Chatham Adası'nda üreyen kuşların sayısının 1.000 çiftten az olduğu düşünülmektedir.

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Cốc mào Chatham ( vietnamèis )

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Cốc mào Chatham (Leucocarbo onslowi) còn được gọi là Cốc mào đảo Chatham là một loài chim thuộc Họ Cốc, một loài đặc hữu của Quần đảo Chatham.

Một số cơ quan phân loại bao gồm cả Ủy ban Nghiên cứu Chim Quốc tế phân loại nó trong chi Leucocarbo. Những người còn lại phân loại nó vào Phalacrocorax. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của loài này là những bờ đá và biển khơi. Nó bị đe dọa bởi mất môi trường sống và IUCN liệt nó vào loài cực kỳ nguy cấp.

Liên kết ngoài

Bài viết này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
  1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). Phalacrocorax onslowi. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2013.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 26 tháng 11 năm 2013.
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Cốc mào Chatham: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

fornì da wikipedia VI

Cốc mào Chatham (Leucocarbo onslowi) còn được gọi là Cốc mào đảo Chatham là một loài chim thuộc Họ Cốc, một loài đặc hữu của Quần đảo Chatham.

Một số cơ quan phân loại bao gồm cả Ủy ban Nghiên cứu Chim Quốc tế phân loại nó trong chi Leucocarbo. Những người còn lại phân loại nó vào Phalacrocorax. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của loài này là những bờ đá và biển khơi. Nó bị đe dọa bởi mất môi trường sống và IUCN liệt nó vào loài cực kỳ nguy cấp.

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Leucocarbo onslowi ( russ; russi )

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Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Класс: Птицы
Подкласс: Настоящие птицы
Инфракласс: Новонёбные
Семейство: Баклановые
Род: Leucocarbo
Вид: Leucocarbo onslowi
Международное научное название

Leucocarbo onslowi (Forbes, 1893)

Синонимы
Phalacrocorax onslowi
Ареал

изображение

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Систематика
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ITIS 824008NCBI 146615

Leucocarbo onslowi (лат.) — вид птиц из семейства баклановых. Одни специалисты, в том числе Международный союз орнитологов, включают его в род Leucocarbo[1], другие относят к роду Phalacrocorax. Эта птица является эндемиком островов Чатем. МСОП присвоил виду статус CR[2]. Считается, что ему угрожает утрата мест обитания.

Описание

Длина тела достигает 63 см, а масса тела взрослых особей варьируется от 1790 до 2400 г. На верху головы имеется хохолок.

Размножение

Гнездятся колониями, на острове Чатем довольно крупными. Гнездо из веток, морских водорослей и другого растительного материала располагают на уступах скал. На острове Чатем откладывают до 4-х яиц бледно-голубого цвета. На острове Питт колонии намного мельче и не превышают 5—20 пар. В данном месте в кладке до 3-х яиц.

Chatham shag looking to the right and perched on one leg on a coastal rocky outcrop in the Chatham Islands
Leucocarbo onslowi

Питание

Кормятся обычно поодиночке вдали от берегов, но иногда кормящиеся особи встречаются около побережья. Питаются преимущественно рыбой. Охотятся ныряя и преследуя добычу под водой. На ночёвку собираются вместе до 100 особей и более.

Примечания

  1. Hamerkop, Shoebill, pelicans, boobies, cormorants : [англ.] / F. Gill & D. Donsker (Eds). // IOC World Bird List (v 8.2). — 2018. — DOI:10.14344/IOC.ML.8.2. (Проверено 4 января 2019).
  2. Leucocarbo onslowi (англ.). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
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Leucocarbo onslowi: Brief Summary ( russ; russi )

fornì da wikipedia русскую Википедию

Leucocarbo onslowi (лат.) — вид птиц из семейства баклановых. Одни специалисты, в том числе Международный союз орнитологов, включают его в род Leucocarbo, другие относят к роду Phalacrocorax. Эта птица является эндемиком островов Чатем. МСОП присвоил виду статус CR. Считается, что ему угрожает утрата мест обитания.

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