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Aleut susüpürəni ( Aser )

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Aleut susüpürəni (lat. Sterna aleutica) - susüpürən cinsinə aid heyvan növü.

Mənbə

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Aleut susüpürəni: Brief Summary ( Aser )

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Aleut susüpürəni (lat. Sterna aleutica) - susüpürən cinsinə aid heyvan növü.

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Skravig aleout ( Breton )

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lang="br" dir="ltr">

Ar Skravig aleout[1] (liester: Skraviged aleout) a zo un evn-mor, Onychoprion aleuticus an anv skiantel anezhañ.

Doareoù pennañ

Boued

Annez

Bevañ a ra al labous en Inizi an Aleouted ha war aodoù tost Inizi Kouril, Kamchatka hag Alaska[2] ha nijal kuit da Indonezia ha Singapour da c'hoañviñ.

Rummatadur

Gwechall Sterna aleutica.

Liamm diavaez

Notennoù ha daveennoù

  1. Perig Herbert, "Anvioù laboused Europa", Hor Yezh, niv. 203-204, 1995, p.24.
  2. Onychoprion aleuticus war al lec'hienn Avibase.
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Skravig aleout: Brief Summary ( Breton )

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Ar Skravig aleout (liester: Skraviged aleout) a zo un evn-mor, Onychoprion aleuticus an anv skiantel anezhañ.

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Xatrac de les Aleutianes ( Catalan; Valensian )

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El xatrac de les Aleutianes[1] (Onychoprion aleuticus) és un ocell de la família dels làrids (Laridae) que habita costes, llacunes i desembocadures de rius de Sakhalín, Kamtxatka, illes Aleutianes i Alaska i illes properes.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Xatrac de les Aleutianes Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata


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Xatrac de les Aleutianes: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valensian )

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El xatrac de les Aleutianes (Onychoprion aleuticus) és un ocell de la família dels làrids (Laridae) que habita costes, llacunes i desembocadures de rius de Sakhalín, Kamtxatka, illes Aleutianes i Alaska i illes properes.

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Môr-wennol Aleutia ( Galèis )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Môr-wennol Aleutia (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: môr-wenoliaid Aleutia) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Sterna aleutica; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Aleutian tern. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwylanod (Lladin: Laridae) sydd yn urdd y Charadriiformes.[1] Dyma aderyn sydd i'w gael yng ngwledydd Prydain, ond nid yng Nghymru.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn S. aleutica, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2]

Teulu

Mae'r môr-wennol Aleutia yn perthyn i deulu'r Gwylanod (Lladin: Laridae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Corswennol Inca Larosterna inca Gwylan fechan Hydrocoloeus minutus
Hydrocoloeus minutus Russia 42.jpg
Gwylan ifori Pagophila eburnea
Ivory Gull Portrait.jpg
Gwylan Ross Rhodostethia rosea
Rhodostethia rosea.jpg
Gwylan Sabine Xema sabini
Xema sabini -Iceland -swimming-8 (1).jpg
Gwylan y Galapagos Creagrus furcatus
Swallow-tailed-gull.jpg
Môr-wennol bigfawr Phaetusa simplex
Large-billed Tern (Phaetusa simplex), Pantanal, Brazil.jpg
Môr-wennol gawraidd Hydroprogne caspia
Sterna-caspia-010.jpg
Môr-wennol ylfinbraff Gelochelidon nilotica
Gelochelidon nilotica 1.jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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Môr-wennol Aleutia: Brief Summary ( Galèis )

fornì da wikipedia CY

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Môr-wennol Aleutia (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: môr-wenoliaid Aleutia) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Sterna aleutica; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Aleutian tern. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwylanod (Lladin: Laridae) sydd yn urdd y Charadriiformes. Dyma aderyn sydd i'w gael yng ngwledydd Prydain, ond nid yng Nghymru.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn S. aleutica, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.

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Rybák aleutský ( Cech )

fornì da wikipedia CZ

Rybák aleutský (Onychoprion aleuticus) je středně velký tichooceánský druh rybáka ze skupiny tmavohřbetých rybáků rodu Onychoprion.

Popis

Rybák aleutský má bílou hlavu s černou čepičkou, černý proužek od kořene zobáku přes oko, bílé čelo a bílý proužek nad okem. Hruď a břicho je šedé, stejně jako hřbet a svrchní strana křídel, ruční letky bělavě prosvítají. Kostřec a ocas jsou bílé, nohy a zobák černé.[2]

Rozšíření

Hnízdí na pobřeží Ruska a Aljašky v oblasti Beringova moře, sporadicky také na východním pobřeží Ruska po Kamčatku a Sachalin. Mimo hnízdění se pravděpodobně rozptyluje po severním Tichém oceánu. Zaznamenán byl až v Japonsku a překvapivě (v květnu 1979) ve Velké Británii. Celosvětová populace je odhadována na 30 až 35 tisíc jedinců.[2][3]

Reference

  1. Červený seznam IUCN 2018.1. 5. července 2018. Dostupné online. [cit. 2018-08-10]
  2. a b HARRISON, P. Seabirds: an identification guide. Londýn: Christopher Helm, 1989. ISBN 0-7136-3510-X.
  3. BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sterna aleutica [online]. 2008 [cit. 2009-02-15]. Dostupné online.

Externí odkazy

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Pomozte Wikipedii tím, že jej vhodně rozšíříte. Nevkládejte však bez oprávnění cizí texty.
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Rybák aleutský: Brief Summary ( Cech )

fornì da wikipedia CZ

Rybák aleutský (Onychoprion aleuticus) je středně velký tichooceánský druh rybáka ze skupiny tmavohřbetých rybáků rodu Onychoprion.

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Beringsterne ( Danèis )

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Beringsterne (Onychoprion aleuticus) er en mågefugl, der lever på kysterne af det nordlige Stillehav.

Noter

Eksterne henvisninger

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Beringsterne: Brief Summary ( Danèis )

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Beringsterne (Onychoprion aleuticus) er en mågefugl, der lever på kysterne af det nordlige Stillehav.

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Aleutian tern ( Anglèis )

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The Aleutian tern (Onychoprion aleuticus) is a migratory bird living in the subarctic region of the globe most of the year. It is frequently associated with the Arctic tern, which it closely resembles. While both species have a black cap, the Aleutian tern may be distinguished by its white forehead (although juvenile Arctic terns also have white foreheads). During breeding season, the Arctic terns have bright red bills, feet, and legs while those of the Aleutian terns are black.

Onychoprion aleuticus has not been thoroughly studied yet. If its winter migratory range was completely unknown until the late 1980s; it is now known that many Aleutian terns spend the winter near the Equator in the western Pacific. The Aleutian tern breeds in wide-ranging coastal colonies only in Alaska and eastern Siberia. Although Alaskan and Siberian populations are not well monitored, both are thought to be in significant decline.

Taxonomy

The Aleutian tern, Onychoprion aleuticus (Baird, 1869) is a bird in the family Laridae, a family of seabirds in the order Charadriiformes that includes the gulls, terns and skimmers. The generic name is from Ancient Greek onux, "claw" or "nail", and prion, "saw". The specific epithet aleuticus refers to the Aleutian Islands.[2]

It was formerly named Sterna aleutica.[3]. Indeed, in his 1758 Systema Naturae, Linnaeus placed the terns in the genus Sterna. However, a phylogenetic analysis found that the species in the Onychoprion clade, which includes O. aleuticus, O. fuscatus (Sooty tern), and O. anaethetus (Bridled tern), are related only distantly to the "typical" terns retained in a much-restricted Sterna.[4] Still, in broader terms the genera Onychoprion and Sterna are sisters.[5] Relationships between various tern species, and between the terns and the other Charadriiformes, were formerly difficult to resolve because of a poor fossil record and the misidentification of some finds.[5]

Description

The Aleutian tern is medium-sized tern (32–39 cm (13–15 in) long), with a 75–80 cm (30–31 in) wingspan, a short pointed bill and a long, deeply forked tail.[6] It weighs 84–140 g (2.9–5.0 oz).[7]

Plumage

Breeding adult and juvenile are the only plumages likely to be encountered in North America. Breeding adult (definitive alternate plumage) has a white forehead, a black cap, a mid-grey mantle with darkish grey underparts, and white rump and tail. Its underwing is whitish, with dark-tipped primaries and a diagnostic dark bar on the secondaries.[6] The Aleutian tern has a black bill as well as black legs. There are no significant differences between the male and the female.

The plumage of the non-breeding adult (definitive basic plumage) is poorly known. It is thought to be similar to plumage of breeding adult. It has white underparts, a white speckled crown, and a gray tail with white sides.[8] Whereas the forehead bar disappears in winter, the dark secondary bar remains.[9]

Lee[10] described juveniles with a white collar, extensive white forehead, white underparts, and gray tail with white outer web of outer tail-feather. They usually do not have clear dark bar on their secondaries.

Adult Onychoprion aleuticus in breeding plumage in Nome, Alaska.

Molt strategies are very poorly known in Aleutian tern but are presumably similar to other medium-sized, northern-breeding, migratory terns such as much better-studied Common tern.[11] The Aleutian tern exhibits a Complex Alternate Strategy:[6]

Voice

The Aleutian tern is associated with different calls reported in the literature. Their call can be distinguished from the Common tern ones, since it has a higher pitch and is characterized by a soft and rolling whistled tone.

The most distinctive sound is the choppy “chif-chif-chu-ak” described by Olsen and Larsson in 1995,[9] less harsh than the sustained note of the Arctic tern. Another distinctive sound of the Aleutian tern is a prolonged "whee-hee-hee-hee" stressed on the first syllable.[12] Aleutian terns also have a call that is similar to call of Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus), which is a short, sharp "chit" [9], possibly uttered during social contact.

The Aleutian tern is generally silent while incubating.[13]

Distribution and habitat

Map of the Chukchi Sea (Western Alaska).

During breeding season, the colonies gather along Pacific coastlines of Alaska and Russia.[14] More precisely, breeding colonies have been located along the coast of Chukchi Sea (western Alaska), on the Seward Peninsula and Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta along the Alaska Peninsula, in the Aleutian Island, in the Kodiak Archipelago, on the Kenai Peninsula and Copper River delta, and along the Gulf of Alaska.[6] The current worldwide minimum breeding population has been estimated at approximately 31 000 birds, with most colonies occurring in the Siberian region of Russia (25 602 birds in 89 colonies) and the remaining 18% occurring in Alaska (5 529 birds in 111 colonies).[15] However, within the last decade, there have been reports of colony declines and disappearances at individual sites in Alaska.[16]

A small population spends the Southern Spring and Summer on the east coast of Australia

This species is strongly migratory, and although the wintering range is poorly known, it is believed to lie off Indonesia and Malaysia.[10] Small flocks of the species have been increasingly sighted in coastal areas around Hong Kong in spring and fall, around Singapore and Indonesia between October and April, and in coastal waters of Java, Bali and Sulawesi during December.[17] The regular appearance of Aleutian terns in fall off Hong Kong suggests one possible route for southbound migrants.[17] The Aleutian tern stands out from its congeners because it is the only species to show an annual migratory behaviour between a subarctic breeding zone and tropical wintering areas in the South Pacific.[18] Only a very small number of Charadriiformes breeding in Alaska appear to have a connection to East Asia. In December 2017, they were spotted for the first time on Australia's eastern coast.[19]

Habitat

The Aleutian tern usually lives in partially vegetated sandy beaches and grassy meadows, mossy boglands and marshes, either on isolated rocky islands or along coasts, often near river mouths. The Aleutian tern is pelagic when it is not breeding.

Status

Trends in the Aleutian tern distribution indicates that overall, the species seems to undergo rapid declines over generations. Indeed, the numbers at known colonies in Alaska have declined 8.1% annually since 1960, which corresponds to 92.9% over three generations, with large colonies experiencing greater declines than small colonies.[14] The Aleutian tern has therefore been listed as a “Vulnerable” species.[20] Precise factors of declines are unclear but likely include habitat modification, predation, egg harvesting and human disturbance.[14] Moreover, wintering area in Southeast Asia could be related to breeding population declines because this region undergoes several ecological stresses from unregulated fishing, coastal development, and pollution.[21] Aleutian terns are very sensitive to disturbance at colonies and may seasonally or even permanently abandon their colonies in response to human disturbance.[6]

Conservation

The Aleutian tern has been designated as a species of concern by several agencies and NGOs (Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Audubon Alaska, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, The North American Waterbird Conservation Plan). In 2007, an Aleutian tern Working Group was organized in Alaska in order to examine the necessity to develop an accurate population estimation method and therefore prioritizing the management of the species and the identification of its migration pathway. In 2010, they began to deploy geolocators on Aleutians terns from colonies in Alaska.[22] The lack of data on breeding biology and ecological behaviours limits the development of conservation actions for the species. Further research should focus on the monitoring of populations and colonies in Alaska, Russia and South Pacific regions and the understanding of the main causes of the recent decline of the species.

Behaviour

Breeding and Parental Behaviour

Aleutian terns breed in colonies, and are site-faithful if their habitat is sufficiently stable.[23] Pairs form on the breeding area, shortly after arrival. The pairs build the nest during the last half of May and first half of June, shortly before egg-laying.[6] The typical clutch size is 2 eggs (occasionally 1 or 3).[6] The nest is a shallow depression usually built on low vegetation such as mosses, lichens, field horsetail, cottongrass, hairgrass or coastal bluegrass.[6] Both parents incubate the eggs and feed the chicks, although the female does more incubating and less fishing than her partner.[23] Aleutian terns are reported to spend less time brooding chicks than do Arctic terns; consequently, Aleutian tern mortality rate is higher during the chick stage.[6]

The eggs typically have an elongate ovate shape[12] and range from 40–46 mm (1.6–1.8 in) length. Their color ranges from a clay/olive green to a honey yellow,[12] they tend to be darker than eggs of other terns. Distinctive large and smaller black spots are irregularly marked over the egg.[12][24] After a three-week incubation period, the eggs hatch from early June until late July. Several days after hatching, young birds move to taller vegetation before moving with adults to staging areas along coast (semiprecocial juvenils). After 4–5 weeks, the chicks start fledging.[6]

Aleutian terns are easily disturbed from nests. As soon as an intrusion is detected, the adults fly off the nest. They are much slower at returning to nests after being disturbed than are Arctic terns, taking up to 30 min to return.[13][25] It sometimes nests among Arctic terns, which, like most white terns, are fiercely defensive of their nest and young and will attack large predators. The Aleutian tern, however, is not aggressive in defence of its nests or young.

Courtship

The courtship display of the Aleutian tern has never been thoroughly described, but all terns are thought to display the same strategies of courtship: ceremonial “fish flight,” “low flight,” “high flight,” and ground “parade”.[24]

The Aleutian tern pre-courtship flights have been described in literature. Beginning on May, several terns participate in a synchronous ascending spiral flight, before the beginning of courtship in early June.[6] Pairs do not always copulate at the colony; indeed, Mickelson et al.[26] observed Aleutian terns that were courting on surrounding beaches of the Copper River Delta (Alaska), away from colonies.

Diet and Foraging

Aleutian terns primarily feed on small fish, but their diet also includes crustaceans, insects and zooplankton.[27] They forage mostly by flying, hovering low over water and swooping down or surface-dipping into the water to take their food from the surface.[28] Only contact- and surface-dipping have been observed, even in places where other species have been seen plunge-diving.[6][28] Indeed, terns are considered as poor swimmers because of their small webs and short legs.[24] Aleutian terns usually forage in shallow water, including tidal rips, along rivers, and over inshore marine waters.[29] Occasionally adults and fledgling juveniles catch insects by hawking over freshwater ponds.[6] This species can forage in nearshore marine waters up to 11 km (6.8 mi) offshore from Seward Peninsula, and up to 50 km (31 mi) offshore from other colonies.[30] Individuals occasionally attempt to steal fish from other adults bringing fish to chicks.[30] Aleutian terns are skilled flyers and can take insects out of the air while flying.

Flight

Aleutian terns fly very gracefully; their flight is strong and undeviating, and their wing beats are slower than those of Arctic and Common terns. They mostly fly above the ocean rather than above mainland.[6] Similarly to other terns species, the Aleutian tern walks relatively slowly because of its short legs.[28]

Social behaviour

Aleutian terns are highly social. Usually, their nests are settled within loose mixed-species colonies.[28] Monospecific colonies or isolated pairs are rare.[31] Colony size usually ranges from 4–150 pairs, but up to 700 pairs on Sakhalin Island (Siberia). The Aleutian terns frequently nests with Arctic Terns in Alaska[25][32] and Common Terns in Siberia. It also happens that colonies of Mew Gull (Larus canus) are close to the Aleutian tern nests.[33]

Less aggressive than Arctic terns; Onychoprion aleuticus is frequently chased at colonies and often excluded from mixed-species foraging areas by Arctic terns.[25] The latter can also jeopardize the Aleutian tern foraging activity by stealing its food.[13][33]

Predators and parasites

Eggs and chicks of the Aleutian tern have been reported to be preyed on by the following list of predators:

Parasitic Jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus) on an ice floe, Svalbard.

If Aleutian terns frequently fly high over the colony when disturbed by humans, they can nonetheless aggressively chase avian predators (but not as aggressively as Arctic terns do). Some chicks may also be killed by Arctic terns;[34] however, breeding success in the species is lower in the absence of Arctic terns as they often rely on their aggressivity to chase potential predators from the colony.[28]

See also

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2020). "Onychoprion aleuticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22694716A178964431. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22694716A178964431.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). "Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird-names". Retrieved 31 October 2022.
  3. ^ Bridge, E. S.; Jones, A. W. & Baker, A. J. (2005). A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution Archived 2006-07-20 at the Wayback Machine. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 459–469.
  4. ^ Bridge, E. S., A. W. Jones and A. J. Baker. (2005a). "A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: Implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 35 (2): 459–469. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.12.010. PMID 15804415.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ a b Baker, Allan J; Pereira, Sérgio L; Paton, Tara A (2007-02-06). "Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of Charadriiformes genera: multigene evidence for the Cretaceous origin of at least 14 clades of shorebirds". Biology Letters. 3 (2): 205–210. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0606. ISSN 1744-9561. PMC 2375939. PMID 17284401.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n North, Michael R. (2020-03-04), Billerman, Shawn M (ed.), "Aleutian Tern (Onychoprion aleuticus)", Birds of the World, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, doi:10.2173/bow.aleter1.01, retrieved 2020-10-14
  7. ^ Dunning Jr., John B. (2007-12-05). CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses. doi:10.1201/9781420064452. ISBN 9780429149825.
  8. ^ "Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Volume 3: Waders to GullsStanley Cramp (Chief Editor) Oxford University Press, 1983, £49·50". Oryx. 17 (3): 148–149. July 1983. doi:10.1017/s0030605300029604. ISSN 0030-6053.
  9. ^ a b c Nisbet, Ian C. T.; Olsen, Klaus Malling; Larsson, Hans (1995). "Terns of Europe and North America". Colonial Waterbirds. 18 (2): 235. doi:10.2307/1521490. ISSN 0738-6028. JSTOR 1521490.
  10. ^ a b Lee, David S. (February 1992). "Specimen Records of Aleutian Terns from the Philippines". The Condor. 94 (1): 276–279. doi:10.2307/1368817. ISSN 0010-5422. JSTOR 1368817.
  11. ^ Howell, S. N. G (2010). Peterson Reference Guide to Molt in North American Birds. Boston, MA, USA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company.
  12. ^ a b c d Bent, Arthur Cleveland (1921). Life histories of North American gulls and terns : order Longipennes /. Washington: Govt. Print. Off. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.61506.
  13. ^ a b c Buckley, Francine Geber; Buckley, P. A. (1980). "Do Aleutian Terns Exhibit Extraordinary Anti-Predator Adaptations?". Proceedings of the Colonial Waterbird Group. 3: 99–107. ISSN 1556-5785. JSTOR 4626703.
  14. ^ a b c VERNON BYRD, G.; RENNER, HEATHER M.; RENNER, MARTIN (November 2005). "Distribution patterns and population trends of breeding seabirds in the Aleutian Islands". Fisheries Oceanography. 14 (s1): 139–159. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00368.x. ISSN 1054-6006.
  15. ^ Renner, H.M., Romano, M.D., Renner, M., Pyare, S., Goldstei. (2015). "Assessing the breeding distribution and population trends of the Aleutian tern Onychoprion aleuticus". Marine Ornithology. 43: 179–187.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ Corcoran, Robin (2012). "Aleutian Tern counts from seabird colony and nearshore marine bird surveys in the Kodiak Archipelago, Alaska 1975–2012". Kodiak, AK: US Fish and Wildlife Service.
  17. ^ a b Hill N.P. and Bishop K.D. (1999). "Possible winter quarters of the Aleutian Tern?". Wilson Bulletin. 111: 559–560.
  18. ^ Winker, Kevin; McCracken, Kevin G.; Gibson, Daniel D.; Pruett, Christin L.; Meier, Rose; Huettmann, Falk; Wege, Michael; Kulikova, Irina V.; Zhuravlev, Yuri N.; Perdue, Michael L.; Spackman, Erica (April 2007). "Movements of Birds and Avian Influenza from Asia into Alaska". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 13 (4): 547–552. doi:10.3201/eid1304.061072. ISSN 1080-6040. PMC 2725966. PMID 17553268.
  19. ^ "High hopes for the return of the rare Alaskan Aleutian tern to intern again this summer". ABC News. 9 August 2018.
  20. ^ "Onychoprion aleuticus: BirdLife International". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-3.rlts.t22694716a119185243.en. Retrieved 2020-10-14.
  21. ^ Goldstein, M.I., Duffy, D.C., Oehlers, S., Catterson, N., Freferick, J. & Pyare, S. (2019). "Interseasonal movements and non-breeding locations of Aleutian Terns Onychoprion aleuticus". Marine Ornithology. 47: 67–76.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ Oehlers, S., Catterson, N., Goldstein, M., Pyare, S. (2010). "Aleutian Terns: Migration Mystery". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  23. ^ a b "Tern", Wikipedia, 2020-08-07, retrieved 2020-10-15
  24. ^ a b c Harrison, C. A. (1984a). A Field Guide to the Nests, Eggs, and Nestlings of North American Birds. Brattleboro, VT, USA: Stephen Greene Press.
  25. ^ a b c Baird, P. A. and R. A. Moe. (1978). "The breeding biology and feeding ecology of marine birds in the Sitkalidak Strait area, Kodiak Island, 1977". Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf. 3: 313–524.
  26. ^ Mickelson, P. G., J. S. Hawkings, D. R. Herter and S. M. Murphy (1980). Habitat use by birds and other wildlife on the eastern Copper River Delta, Alaska (Report) – via University of Alaska, Fairbanks: Unpub. rep., Alaska Coop. Wildl. Res. Unit.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  27. ^ "Aleutian Tern". Audubon. 2014-11-13. Retrieved 2020-10-15.
  28. ^ a b c d e Haney, J. C., J. M. Andrew and D. S. Lee. (1991a). "A closer look: Aleutian Tern". Birding. 23: 346–351.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  29. ^ Gill Jr., Robert E.; Petersen, Margaret R.; Jorgensen, Paul D. (1981-01-01). "Birds of the Northcentral Alaska Peninsula, 1976-1980". Arctic. 34 (4). doi:10.14430/arctic2532. ISSN 1923-1245.
  30. ^ a b Gill, Robert E.; Kessel, Brina (1992). "Birds of the Seward Peninsula, Alaska: Their Biogeography, Seasonality, and Natural History". Northwestern Naturalist. 73 (2): 63. doi:10.2307/3536694. ISSN 1051-1733. JSTOR 3536694.
  31. ^ Brina Kessel, Daniel D. Gibson (1978). "Status and Distribution of Alaska Birds" (PDF). Studies in Avian Biology. 1: 1–100.
  32. ^ Howell, Joseph C. (July 1948). "Observations on Certain Birds of the Region of Kodiak, Alaska". The Auk. 65 (3): 352–358. doi:10.2307/4080484. ISSN 0004-8038. JSTOR 4080484.
  33. ^ a b Baird, P. A. (1986). "Arctic and Aleutian Terns." In The breeding biology and feeding ecology of marine birds in the Gulf of Alaska. Final Rep. Principal Invest.: Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf. pp. 349–380.
  34. ^ https://www.fws.gov/r7/mbsp/mbm/seabirds/pdf/asis_complete.pdf U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2006

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Aleutian tern: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

fornì da wikipedia EN

The Aleutian tern (Onychoprion aleuticus) is a migratory bird living in the subarctic region of the globe most of the year. It is frequently associated with the Arctic tern, which it closely resembles. While both species have a black cap, the Aleutian tern may be distinguished by its white forehead (although juvenile Arctic terns also have white foreheads). During breeding season, the Arctic terns have bright red bills, feet, and legs while those of the Aleutian terns are black.

Onychoprion aleuticus has not been thoroughly studied yet. If its winter migratory range was completely unknown until the late 1980s; it is now known that many Aleutian terns spend the winter near the Equator in the western Pacific. The Aleutian tern breeds in wide-ranging coastal colonies only in Alaska and eastern Siberia. Although Alaskan and Siberian populations are not well monitored, both are thought to be in significant decline.

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Aleŭta ŝterno ( Esperant )

fornì da wikipedia EO

La Aleŭta ŝterno (Onychoprion aleutica eksa Sterna aleutica - vidu Bridge et al., 2005) estas marbirdo de la familio de ŝternojŜternedoj.

Disvastiĝo

Tiu ĉi specio reproduktiĝas (el majo ĝis aŭgusto) en kolonioj en marbordo kaj insuloj de Alasko (ĉefe sude kaj iom malpli oriente kaj pli precize pleje ĉe la suda angulo de la kanada limo ĉe Jakutak) kaj ankaŭ en pli orienta Siberio ĝis Kamĉatko. Ĝi estas tre forta migranto kiu vintras (septembro al aprilo) malproksime en Indonezio kaj Malajsio. Multnombraj aroj trapasas Ĉinion dum migraj periodoj. Estas la ununura ŝterno de la genro Onychoprion kun reprodukta teritorio tiom norda (subpolusa) kaj kiu vintras tiom suden.

Ĝi estas tre rara vaganto en okcidenta Eŭropo, kun nur unu vidinformo ĉe insuloj Farne ĉe Northumberland, Britio la 28an kaj 29an Majo 1979. Tutmonda loĝantaro povas esti ĉirkaŭ 17,000 aŭ 20,000 birdoj (el kiuj ĉirkaŭ 9,500 en Alasko); la specio malpliiĝas pro troa ĉasado, vetero kaj homa ĝenado, sed lastatempa danĝero por la specio venas el enmetitaj specioj kiel vulpoj, ratoj, hundoj, ktp., aŭ naturaj tradiciaj predantoj kiel ursoj kaj aliaj birdoj.

Aspekto

Temas pri mezgranda ŝterno, kun mallonga, pintakra beko kaj longa, tre forkoforma vosto. Ĝi havas grizajn suprajn partojn kaj blankajn subajn partojn. Ĝi havas nigrajn bekon, krurojn, kronon kaj strion ekde la beko ĝis post la nigraj okuloj kie kuniĝas kun krono kaj nuko. Inter ambaŭ nigraj partoj estas blanka larĝa frunta makulo, ne strio kie ĉe la Grizdorsa ŝterno. Ĝi estas tre simila al la Fulga ŝterno, sed tiu havas malpli da blanko ĉe frunto kaj estas pli malhelgriza. La pugo estas blanka.

Kutimaro

La ino demetas 1-3 ovojn en grunda truo inter plantaro. Ĝi plej ofte nestas inter paroj de Arkta ŝterno, kiu, kiel plej granda parto de la blankaj ŝternoj, estas agreseme defendaj de siaj nestoj kaj idoj kaj atakas grandajn predantojn kio profitas la Aleŭta ŝterno. Ambaŭ estas similaj kun nigra krono sed tiu ĉi havas blankan frunton kaj la Arkta havas ruĝajn bekon, krurojn dum la Aleŭta nigrajn. Kovado daŭras iom malpli ol unu monato.

Kiel plej granda parto de aliaj ŝternoj, la Aleŭta ŝterno manĝas per plonĝado fiŝojn, krustulojn kaj insektojn ĉefe en salaj medioj sed ankaŭ plukas kiel akrobata fluganto insektojn. Propono de fiŝo farita de la masklo al la ino estas parto de la ceremonia pariĝado.

La voĉo estas muzika ŭhi-hi-hi.

Referencoj

  • BirdLife International (2004). Sterna aleutica. Internacia Ruĝa Listo de Endanĝeritaj Specioj, eldono de 2006. IUCN 2006. Elŝutita 09 May 2006. Ne minacata
  • Bridge, E. S.; Jones, A. W. & Baker, A. J. (2005): A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 459–469. PDF plena teksto
  • Collinson, M. (2006). Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists. British Birds 99(6): 306-323.
  • del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. (editors) (1996): Handbook of birds of the world, Volume 3: Hoatzin to Auks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 84-87334-22-9
  • Harrison, Peter (1988): Seabirds (2nd edition). Christopher Helm, London ISBN 0-7470-1410-8
  • National Geographic Society (2002): Field Guide to the Birds of North America. National Geographic, Washington DC. ISBN 0-7922-6877-6
  • Sibley, David Allen (2000): The Sibley Guide to Birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. ISBN 0-679-45122-6

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Aleŭta ŝterno: Brief Summary ( Esperant )

fornì da wikipedia EO

La Aleŭta ŝterno (Onychoprion aleutica eksa Sterna aleutica - vidu Bridge et al., 2005) estas marbirdo de la familio de ŝternojŜternedoj.

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Onychoprion aleuticus ( Spagneul; Castilian )

fornì da wikipedia ES

El charrán aleutiano[2][3]​ (Onychoprion aleuticus), es una especie de ave marina Charadriiformes de la familia de los estérnidos, perteneciente al género Onychoprion.

Localización

Esta especie de ave se encuentra en Alaska, Hong Kong, Singapur, Indonesia y en varias islas (Karimun, Bintan, Java, Bali y Célebes).[4][5]

Referencias

  1. BirdLife International (2012). «Sterna aleutica». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2012.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 8 de enero de 2012.
  2. Bernis, F; De Juana, E; Del Hoyo, J; Fernández-Cruz, M; Ferrer, X; Sáez-Royuela, R; Sargatal, J (1996). «Nombres en castellano de las aves del mundo recomendados por la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (Tercera parte: Opisthocomiformes, Gruiformes y Charadriiformes)». Ardeola. Handbook of the Birds of the World (Madrid: SEO/BirdLife) 43 (2): 231-238. ISSN 0570-7358.
  3. Charrán Aleutiano (Onychoprion aleuticus) Baird,SF, 1869 en avibase
  4. «Copia archivada». Archivado desde el original el 21 de junio de 2008. Consultado el 21 de enero de 2011.
  5. «Copia archivada». Archivado desde el original el 21 de junio de 2011. Consultado el 21 de enero de 2011.

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Onychoprion aleuticus: Brief Summary ( Spagneul; Castilian )

fornì da wikipedia ES

El charrán aleutiano​​ (Onychoprion aleuticus), es una especie de ave marina Charadriiformes de la familia de los estérnidos, perteneciente al género Onychoprion.

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Aleutiar txenada ( Basch )

fornì da wikipedia EU

Aleutiar txenada (Onychoprion aleuticus) Onychoprion generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Laridae familian sailkatua dago. Ekialdeko Asian bizi da, behin baino ez dute Europan topatu.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Aleutiar txenada: Brief Summary ( Basch )

fornì da wikipedia EU

Aleutiar txenada (Onychoprion aleuticus) Onychoprion generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Laridae familian sailkatua dago. Ekialdeko Asian bizi da, behin baino ez dute Europan topatu.

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Aleuttientiira ( Finlandèis )

fornì da wikipedia FI

Aleuttientiira (Onychoprion aleuticus, aiemmin Sterna aluetica)[2] on Alaskan ja Venäjän kaukoidän välisellä merialueella elävä tiiralaji.

Koko ja ulkonäkö

Linnun pituus on 32–34 cm, siipien kärkiväli 75–80 cm ja paino noin 110 g. Aleuttientiira on keskikokoinen tiira, jolla on valko-harmaa höyhenpuku, ja jonka päälaki, niska ja ohjas ovat mustat. Otsa on valkoinen, nokka ja koivet tummanharmaat. Sukupuolet ovat samanvärisiä. Nuori lintu on valkoisen, ruskean ja harmaan kirjava, ja sen koivet ovat punertavat.

Esiintyminen

Aleuttientiira elää lisääntymisaikana Beringinmeren ja pohjoisimman Tyynenmeren saarilla ja rannikoilla, muun muassa Sahalinilla, Kamtšatkalla, Ohotanmerellä, Aleuteilla sekä Alaskan länsi- ja etelärannikolla. Alaskassa pesii noin 9 500 yksilöä, ja suurin 1 700 yksilön yhdyskunta sijaitsee Yakutatissa.[3] Spencer Fullerton Baird kuvaili lajin holotyypin Kodiakinsaarelta Alaskassa.[4] Lajin esiintymisalue kattaa 50 000–100 000 neliökilometriä ja populaation koko on 30 000–35 000 yksilöä. Laji on muuttolintu, joka palaa pesimäseuduilleen Alaskassa toukokuun jälkipuoliskolla ja lähtee syyskuun puolimaissa. Talvehtimisalueita ei tunneta, mutta ne sijaitsevat mahdollisesti Filippiineillä ja Indonesiassa, ehkä etelämpänäkin. Laji on tavattu Euroopassa vain kerran, Englannissa.

Elinympäristö

Aleuttientiiran elinympäristöä ovat soistuneet matalaruohoiset rannat ja hiekkarannat sekä tundra.

Lisääntyminen

Laji pesii yhdyskunnittain, tavallisesti lapintiira- tai pikkukajavayhdyskunnissa, Venäjän puolella myös kalatiirayhdyskunnissa. Pesä on maassa oleva painanne, johon naaras munii tavallisesti kaksi munaa, joita haudotaan 22 päivää. Poikaset ovat pesäjättöisiä ja oppivat lentämään neljän viikon ikäisinä.

Ravinto

Aleuttientiirat syövät enimmäkseen kalaa, joista villakuore ja tuulenkalat (Ammodytidae) ovat tavallisimpia. Myös pienet selkärangattomat ja hyönteiset kuuluvat sen ruokavalioon.

Lähteet

Viitteet

  1. BirdLife International: Onychoprion aleuticus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017.3. 2017. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 18.1.2018. (englanniksi)
  2. Högmander, H., Björklund, H., Hintikka, J., Lokki, J., Södersved, J. & Velmala, W.: Maailman lintulajien suomenkieliset nimet 2018. BirdLife Suomi. Viitattu 17.3.2018.
  3. Alaska Science Center (englanniksi)
  4. IBC (englanniksi)

Aiheesta muualla

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Aleuttientiira: Brief Summary ( Finlandèis )

fornì da wikipedia FI

Aleuttientiira (Onychoprion aleuticus, aiemmin Sterna aluetica) on Alaskan ja Venäjän kaukoidän välisellä merialueella elävä tiiralaji.

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Sterne des Aléoutiennes ( Fransèis )

fornì da wikipedia FR

Onychoprion aleuticus

La Sterne des Aléoutiennes (Onychoprion aleuticus) est une espèce d'oiseaux appartenant à la famille des Laridae. C'est une espèce monotypique[1].

Notes et références

Références externes

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Sterne des Aléoutiennes: Brief Summary ( Fransèis )

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Onychoprion aleuticus

La Sterne des Aléoutiennes (Onychoprion aleuticus) est une espèce d'oiseaux appartenant à la famille des Laridae. C'est une espèce monotypique.

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Onychoprion aleuticus ( Italian )

fornì da wikipedia IT

La sterna aleutina (Onychoprion aleuticus, Baird 1869), è un uccello della sottofamiglia Sterninae nella famiglia Laridae[1].

Sistematica

Onychoprion aleuticus non ha sottospecie, è monotipico[1].

Aspetti morfologici

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa sterna nidifica in Siberia orientale, Alaska e sulle isole del Canada occidentale. È fortemente migratore e d'inverno si sposta in Indonesia, Singapore e Malaysia. È di passo in Giappone, Cina e Filippine, e molto raro è vederla in Gran Bretagna (Isole Farne).

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Gill F. and Donsker D. (eds), Family Laridae, in IOC World Bird Names (ver 9.2), International Ornithologists’ Union, 2019. URL consultato il 18 maggio 2014.

Bibliografia

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Onychoprion aleuticus: Brief Summary ( Italian )

fornì da wikipedia IT

La sterna aleutina (Onychoprion aleuticus, Baird 1869), è un uccello della sottofamiglia Sterninae nella famiglia Laridae.

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Burung Camar Aleutian ( malèis )

fornì da wikipedia MS

Burung Camar Aleutian merupakan salah satu daripada haiwan yang boleh didapati di Malaysia. Nama sainsnya ialah Sterna aleutica.

Ciri-ciri

Burung Camar Aleutian ialah haiwan yang tergolong dalam golongan benda hidup, alam : haiwan, filum : kordata, sub-filum : bertulang belakang (vertebrata), kelas : burung. Burung Camar Aleutian adalah haiwan berdarah panas, mempunyai sayap dan tubuh yang diselubungi bulu pelepah. Paruh Burung Camar Aleutian tidak bergigi.

Makanan

Pembiakan

Burung Camar Aleutian membiak dengan bertelur. Telur Burung Camar Aleutian bercangkerang keras.

Habitat

Rujukan

  • Bridge, E. S.; Jones, A. W. & Baker, A. J. (2005): A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 459–469. PDF fulltext
  • Collinson, M. (2006). Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists. British Birds 99(6): 306-323.
  • del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. (editors) (1996): Handbook of birds of the world, Volume 3: Hoatzin to Auks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 84-87334-22-9
  • Harrison, Peter (1988): Seabirds (2nd edition). Christopher Helm, London ISBN 0-7470-1410-8
  • National Geographic Society (2002): Field Guide to the Birds of North America. National Geographic, Washington DC. ISBN 0-7922-6877-6
  • Sibley, David Allen (2000): The Sibley Guide to Birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. ISBN 0-679-45122-6


Pautan luar


Senarai burung Burung merpati A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
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Burung Camar Aleutian: Brief Summary ( malèis )

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Burung Camar Aleutian merupakan salah satu daripada haiwan yang boleh didapati di Malaysia. Nama sainsnya ialah Sterna aleutica.

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Aleoetenstern ( olandèis; flamand )

fornì da wikipedia NL

Vogels

De Aleoetenstern (Onychoprion aleuticus; synoniem: Sterna aleutica) is een zeevogel uit de familie Laridae (meeuwen) en de geslachtengroep sterns (Sternini).

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort komt voor aan de noordelijke kusten van Alaska en Siberië en overwintert in Singapore en Indonesië.

Externe link

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Aleoetenstern: Brief Summary ( olandèis; flamand )

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De Aleoetenstern (Onychoprion aleuticus; synoniem: Sterna aleutica) is een zeevogel uit de familie Laridae (meeuwen) en de geslachtengroep sterns (Sternini).

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Beringtärna ( svedèis )

fornì da wikipedia SV

Beringtärna[2] (Onychoprion aleuticus) är en fågel i familjen måsfåglar inom ordningen vadarfåglar.[3]

Systematik

Beringtärnan placerades tidigare i det stora tärnsläktet Sterna men placeras idag i släktet Onychoprion tillsammans med söderhavstärna, tygeltärna, och sottärna där de övriga tre häckar i tropikerna.[4] Beringtärnan delas inte upp i några underarter.[5]

Utbredning

Beringtärnan är en flyttfågel som häckar lokalt utmed kuster i Berings hav i Alaska och Sibirien. Häckningsplatser finns bland annat på Sakhalin, Sjantaröarna, Kamtjatka, Sjelichovbukten, Aleutiska öarna och i Alaska så långt norrut som till Port Clarence-bukten och så långt söderut som till Baranofön.[6] Den är en långflyttare men dess flyttrutt är ganska dåligt känd.[5] Stora antal rastar i Kina under flytten. Hela populationen övervintrar i ett förhållandevis litet område i Kepulauan Riau, en ögrupp i Indonesien.[3][6]

Det finns bara en observation av beringtärna i Europa vilket skedde på Farne Islands utanför Northumberland, England mellan 28–29 maj 1979.

Utseende

Beringtärnan är en liten ganska mörk tärna som mäter 32–34 centimeter, har ett vingspann på 75–80 centimeter och väger 83–140 gram.[5]

I adult häckningsdräkt påminner den ytligt om underarten longipennis av fisktärna[5] men beringtärnan är mindre och har på den i övrigt svarta hättan en tydlig bred vit pannfläck som sträcker sig över ögat vilket även ger den ett svart streck mellan öga och näbb.[5] Ryggen är mörkgrå, undersidan grå, medan över- och undergrump och den kluvna stjärten är vit. Spetsarna på handpennorna är svarta vilket gör att de sammanslagna vingarna som sträcker sig bakom stjärten på den sittande fågel är mycket mörka. Fram- och bakkant på handen är vit vilket framförallt kan kontrastera ganska tydligt på sittande fågel. Vingens undersida är mörk och har svart bakkant. Näbben är kort, tunn och svart, öga och de korta benen är svarta.[5]

Adult i vinterdräkt är ljusare. Den har ett svart nackband som sträcker sig fram till ögat och huvudet är i övrigt vitt. Under- och ovansidan är ljusare men ovansidan är fortfarande mörkt grå.

I juvenil och första vinterdräkt är den mycket mörk med mörk hätta, och en varmt kanelbrun grundton på den mörkt vattrade ryggen, övre handtäckarna och hjässan medan nacken är rent varm kanelbrun. Juvenilens näbb är svart med gul bas och benen orange. Den flyger mycket lätt och fjädrande.[5]

Läte

Dess läte skiljer den tydligt från fisktärnan av underarten longipennis som den annars kan förväxlas med. Beringtärnan har ett kort, hårt eek, eek som påminner om mingmåsens läte.[5]

Ekologi

 src=
Som del av uppvaktningen i början av häckningsperioden erbjuder hanen fisk till honan.

Beringtärnan häckar i kolonier på torra öppna ytor i närheten av vatten som sjöar, dammar, på flodstränder eller på havsstränder, gärna tillsammans med fisktärna.[5] Den födosöker som andra tärnor genom att störtdyka efter småfisk vilket sker i kustnära vatten grunda vikar, större sjöar eller flodmynningar. Hanen erbjuder honan fisk till honan som del av uppvaktningen. Den lägger två till tre ägg direkt på marken i en uppskrapad grop. Som andra vita tärnor försvarar den sitt bo och ungar mycket aggressivt och attackerar stora predatorer.

Status och hot

Från att tidigare inte ha ansetts hotad kategoriserar internationella naturvårdsunionen IUCN arten sedan 2017 som sårbar.[1] Ny data visar på att den minskar mycket kraftigt i antal i häckningskolonierna i Alaska. Trenden i Ryssland är dock inte lika tydlig. Vad som orsakar denna nedgång är oklart men habitatförändring, predation, äggsamlare och störningar från människan tros ligga bakom.

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b] BirdLife International 2017 Onychoprion aleuticus . Från: IUCN 2017. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017.2. Läst 2017-12-15.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2017) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter, läst 2017-08-14
  3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2014) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.9 <http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download>, läst 2015-01-01
  4. ^ Bridge, E. S.; Jones, A. W. & Baker, A. J. (2005): A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 459–469. PDF fulltext
  5. ^ [a b c d e f g h i] Mark Brazil (2009) Birds of East Asia, Helm Field Guide, A&C Black Publishers, London, sid:222–223, ISBN 978-0-7136-7040-0
  6. ^ [a b] http://maps.iucnredlist.org/map.html?id=22694716

Externa länkar

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Beringtärna: Brief Summary ( svedèis )

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Beringtärna (Onychoprion aleuticus) är en fågel i familjen måsfåglar inom ordningen vadarfåglar.

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Onychoprion aleuticus ( vietnamèis )

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Onychoprion aleuticus là một loài chim trong họ Laridae.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết Bộ Choi choi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Onychoprion aleuticus: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

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Onychoprion aleuticus là một loài chim trong họ Laridae.

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Алеутская крачка ( russ; russi )

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Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Класс: Птицы
Подкласс: Настоящие птицы
Инфракласс: Новонёбные
Подотряд: Lari
Семейство: Чайковые
Род: Onychoprion
Вид: Алеутская крачка
Международное научное название

Onychoprion aleuticus (S. F. Baird, 1869)

Синонимы
  • Sterna aleutica S. F. Baird, 1869
Охранный статус Wikispecies-logo.svg
Систематика
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Изображения
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ITIS 824103NCBI 564713EOL 1049652

Алеутская крачка, или камчатская крачка[1] (лат. Onychoprion aleuticus, ранее лат. Sterna aleutica), — вид морских птиц из семейства чайковых (Laridae)[2]. Ранее этот вид относили к роду крачек (Sterna)[3].

Размножаются в колониях на восточной оконечности Сибири, на Аляске и её островах. Мигрируют на большие расстояния, зимуя в Австралазии и Океании, у Индонезии, Филиппин и Папуа-Новой Гвинеи, а также между этими пунктами. Во время миграций в больших количествах появляются в Китае и Малайзии. Зафиксирован единичный залёт в Европу.

Охотятся, ныряя за рыбой. Предложение рыбы самке самцом является частью ритуалов ухаживания. В кладке 2—3 яйца. Крик — музыкальное whee-hee-hee.

Примечания

  1. Бёме Р. Л., Флинт В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Птицы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский / Под общ. ред. акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., «РУССО», 1994. — С. 91. — 2030 экз.ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
  2. Coursers, noddies, gulls, terns, auks, sandgrouse : [англ.] / F. Gill & D. Donsker (Eds). // IOC World Bird List (v 8.2). — 2018. — DOI:10.14344/IOC.ML.8.2. (Проверено 31 октября 2018).
  3. Bridge E. S., Jones A. W. & Baker A. J. (2005). A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution Архивировано 20 июля 2006 года.. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 459—469.


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Алеутская крачка: Brief Summary ( russ; russi )

fornì da wikipedia русскую Википедию

Алеутская крачка, или камчатская крачка (лат. Onychoprion aleuticus, ранее лат. Sterna aleutica), — вид морских птиц из семейства чайковых (Laridae). Ранее этот вид относили к роду крачек (Sterna).

Размножаются в колониях на восточной оконечности Сибири, на Аляске и её островах. Мигрируют на большие расстояния, зимуя в Австралазии и Океании, у Индонезии, Филиппин и Папуа-Новой Гвинеи, а также между этими пунктами. Во время миграций в больших количествах появляются в Китае и Малайзии. Зафиксирован единичный залёт в Европу.

Охотятся, ныряя за рыбой. Предложение рыбы самке самцом является частью ритуалов ухаживания. В кладке 2—3 яйца. Крик — музыкальное whee-hee-hee.

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白腰燕鷗 ( cinèis )

fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Sterna aleutica
Baird, 1869

白腰燕鷗学名Sterna aleutica)为鷗科燕鷗屬下的一个种。

参考文献

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小作品圖示这是一篇與动物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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白腰燕鷗: Brief Summary ( cinèis )

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白腰燕鷗(学名:Sterna aleutica)为鷗科燕鷗屬下的一个种。

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コシジロアジサシ ( Giaponèis )

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コシジロアジサシ Aleutian Tern.jpg 保全状況評価 VULNERABLE
(IUCN Red List Ver.3.1 (2001))
Status iucn3.1 VU.svg 分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 鳥綱 Aves : チドリ目 Charadriiformes : カモメ科 Laridae : アジサシ属 Sterna : コシジロアジサシ S. aleutica 学名 Sterna aleutica
Baird, 1869 和名 コシジロアジサシ 英名 Aleutian Tern

コシジロアジサシ(腰白鯵刺、学名Sterna aleutica)は、チドリ目カモメ科に分類される鳥類の一種である。

形態[編集]

体長は32-34cm。頭頂から高等部と通眼線は黒いが、それ以外の頭部は白い。体上面は暗い灰色で下面は明るい灰色。腰と尾が白い。

分布[編集]

サハリンカムチャツカ半島アラスカの沿岸で繁殖する。非繁殖期の行動は不明だが、フィリピンで記録されたことがあることから、南下して越冬しているものと思われる。

日本では極めて稀な迷鳥として北海道山形県埼玉県で記録がある。

生態[編集]

鳴き声は、「チィ チィ」。

Sibley分類体系上の位置[編集]

シブリー・アールキスト鳥類分類

関連項目[編集]

執筆の途中です この項目は、鳥類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますポータル鳥類 - PJ鳥類)。
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コシジロアジサシ: Brief Summary ( Giaponèis )

fornì da wikipedia 日本語

コシジロアジサシ(腰白鯵刺、学名:Sterna aleutica)は、チドリ目カモメ科に分類される鳥類の一種である。

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