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Species: Orobanche minor Sm. Date: 0000-00-00 Location: Gosho Park, Marondera Habitat:
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Barranco de las Almunias: Zaragoza. (Espaa)Distribucin: Marruecos, Argelia, Pennsula Ibrica e Islas Baleares (Ibiza y Formentera). Existen citas para Portugal pero su presencia es muy poco probable. Endemismo: Iberoafricano. Hbitat: Matorrales xerofticos termfilos. Parasita sobre Rosmarinus (Labiatae).Preferencia edfica: Indiferente.Rango altitudinal: 350 - 1300 ( 1500 ) mFloracin: Abril - Junio. Forma Biolgica: Gefito parsitoExtractado del Atlas de la Flora aragonesa (Herbario de Jaca)
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Orobanche teucrii Holandre, syn.: Orobanche atrorubens SchultzGermander Broomrape, DE: Gamander-Wrger, Gamander-SommerwurzSlo.: vrednikov pojalnikLat.: 46.36069 Long.: 13.70193Dat.: May 25. 2016Code: Bot_962/2016_DSC2425Habitat: dry grassland, mountain pasture; slightly inclined terrain at the foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; shallow soil layer on colluvial, calcareous, skeletal ground; full sun, relatively warm place, elevation 610 m (2.000 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, Na Melu place, next to cottage Trenta 2b, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Orobanche teucrii is a rare, sporadic and hence not very well known plant. It grows manly in Central Europe from low land to subalpine elevations. One can find it in the Alps and surrounding regions from the Pyrenees to the Carpathians. Flora Alpina (Ref.: 5) knows it also from the Apennines while Kreutz's Orobanche monograph (Ref.:1) disagree with this statement. In Slovenian key (Ref.:4) it is marked as 'insufficiently known' plant. Orobanche teucrii is parasitic exclusively on genus Teucrium species, especially on Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium montanum. This and the fact that it is one of the most early blooming species of the genus Orobanche helps a lot in determination. It grows mainly in dry grassland and stony places. Generally it is quite a small plant among other mostly bigger Orobanche species, with few but relatively large flowers. Distinctive is also dark, brown-red-(orange) two lobed stigma. On this pasture both Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium montanum are common. I found a few more Orobanche teucrii plants on it but all of them grew within (mini)'bushes' of Teucrium chamaedrys. None could be associated with Teucrium montanum.Ref.:(1) C.A.J. Kreutz, Orobanche, The European broomrape species, Vol.1., Central and Northern Europe, Stichting Natuurpublicaties Limburg, Maastrich (1995), p 144.(2) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 618.(3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 759.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 578. (5) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 290.
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Parasitic on CloverChipping Norton, Oxon. SP335262
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Orobanche laserpitii-sileris Reut. ex Jord.Laserpitium Broomrape, DE: Laserkraut-Sommerwurz, Bergkmmel-Sommerwurz, Laserkraut-WrgerSlo.: jelenovev pojalnikDat.: July 18. 2016Lat.: 46.27354 Long.: 13.46208Code: Bot_989/2016_DSC3801Habitat: grassy and herbaceous, steep mountain slope, south-southwest aspect; roadside of a dirt road/track; calcareous, stony and gravely ground; full sun, warm and dry place; elevation 1.285 m (4.200 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil.Place: Breginjski kot, southwest slopes of Mt. Kobariki Stol ridge, about 100 m before the last switchback (upwards) of the south road from village Sedlo to Planina Boca, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Orobanche laserpitii-sileris is a beautiful, very rare and highly endangered parasitic plant. Its distribution is limited to scattered montane and subalpine places of central and south Alps and of mountains in western part of Balkan Peninsula (southward to Macedonia). In addition to these, it can be found also in a single, small region in Pyrenees. The plant's eye-catching habitus supports its status of a rare plant in contrast to many small, pale colored, inconspicuous 'rare' species, which are actually more overlooked than truly rare. Orobanche laserpitii-sileris is a very stout, sometimes up to 80 cm tall, conspicuously reddish-yellowish colored plant, visually sharply contrasting to freshly blue-green leaves of its host laserwort (Laserpitium siler), which is also a conspicuous, large and easy to identify plant (even based on its leaves only). Southwest slops of Mt. Kobariki Stol ridge seem to be an ideal habitat for this species of broomrapes. Extensive, sunny, warm and dry mountain slopes of herbaceous vegetation on calcareous, stony and gravelly ground are heavily overgrown with Laserpitium siler. On some places this species builds stands almost in monoculture. Hence it is sometimes considered as a kind of treat to biodiversity of these mountain slopes, although it is not an aggressive introduced plant. Nevertheless, the abundance of the host makes the probability that the seeds of Orobanche laserpitii-sileris come in immediate, direct contact with roots of the host relatively high. Namely this is a requirement that the seeds of broomrapes germinate at all. Description of the find: plant about 30 cm tall; corolla (three measured) 28, 27, 29 mm long; the bracts are as long or slightly shorter than corolla; no bracteoles found; the calyx consisting of two bifid, slightly unequally bidentate, oval halves, which are fused to about 50% of their length, their total length is about 65% of corolla length; the stamens are inserted about 5 mm above the base of the corolla tube; its base is honey-yellow on inner side; stamens are hairy up to about 2/3 of their length and sparsely glandular-pubescent below the anthers; the style is glandular-pubescent in the upper part below the stigma; ovary is glabrous and yellow at the base. Ref.:(1) C.A.J. Kreutz, Orobanche, The European broomrape species, Vol.1., Central and Northern Europe, Stichting Natuurpublicaties Limburg, Maastrich (1995), p 108.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 761.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p xx. (4) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 292.(5) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 918.
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Jimena, Andalusia, Spain
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Orobanche gracilis Sm., syn.: Orobanche cruentaSlender BroomrapeSlo.: neni pojalnikDat.: June 16. 2014Lat.: 46.22191 Long.: 13.60969Code: Bot_805/2014_DSC1242 Habitat: dry grassland, mowed once per year, flat terrain, calcareous ground, overgrown old river deposits, full sun, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 355 m (1.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: River Soa valley, downstream of Idrsko village, right bank of river Soa, between the river and main road Kobarid-Tolmin, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Members of the genus Orobanche s.lat (Broomrapes) are extraordinarily fascinating plants in a similar way as Orchids. They have no chlorophyll and take food from their hosts. Similar like Orchids, which can't grow without a symbiotic relation with fungi, Orobanche can't grow without pure parasitic relation with specific green plants. While with Orchids both participating partners have some kind of benefit from the common life, with Orobanche only they profit while the other side pays the bill. The hosts regularly remain underdeveloped and crippled and do not bloom.In general Orobanche can be considered as a quite rare plant in nature, particularly some species of this genus. They are far of being numerous or aggressive and therefore their parasitic life style does not 'harm' nature significantly. However, this ceases to be true when men start to 'arrange' nature - in agriculture. Some species of this genus have become real plagues and large monoculture fields can be totally devastated by them. The reason lies in the way of their propagation. A single plant can produce up to several hundred thousand of seeds, which are like dust and among the smallest in the world. But, a seed can germinate only in case that the wind deposits it directly on the roots of a sometimes very specific host plant. So, only very, very small percentage of these seeds actually germinates thus keeping the number of new plants in proportions. Not so in large agricultural fields. Unfortunately, several suitable host plants are at the same time also agriculturally important. In such fields there are plenty of host's roots there; actually each root is just the right one for the seeds. Consequently Orobanche plants may occur in stands numbering millions and crop plants are 'suck' dry unable to flower and produce fruit. Instead of fields full of tobacco or clover a flood of these botanical 'rarities' is the result.Determination of plants to species level in this genus is difficult from several reasons. But, in spite of the fact that Orobanche gracilis is very variable plant (size, color, etc), it is actually an exception in this respect. It can be relatively easily recognized by unique blood red inner side of corolla and bright yellow stigma having a purple red margin. Its hosts are numerous and thus of little help in determination because it parasitizes on many plants of several genera within the large pea famili (Fabaceae). Ref.:(1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 757.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 573. (3) C.A.J. Kreutz, Orobanche, The European broomrape species: a field guide, Natuurhistorisch Genootschap Limburg, NL (1995), p 100.
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Ceilhes-et-Rocozels, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
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Jimena, Andalucia, Spain
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Orobanche sanguinea C. PreslOROBANCHACEAELocal: Salinas, Ilhas Elias, Sicilia, Itlia.
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Orobanche flava F. W. Schultz, syn.: Orobanche cicerbitae (Uhlich & Rtzel) TzvelevFamily: Orobanchaceae Vent.EN: Yellow Broomrape, Butterbur Broomrape, DE: Hellgelbe Sommerwurz, Pestwurz-Wrger, Pestwurz-SommerwurzSlo.: bledorumeni pojalnikDat.: 16.06.2019Lat.: 46.35710 Long.: 13.70252Code: Bot_1215/2019_DSC07896Habitat: steep short ravine, west-northwest aspect; coarse scree and small rocks; about 10 m above a river; partly overgrown with Galium sp., Rumex scutatus, Geranium robertianum, Moehringia muscosa, young Ostrya carpinifolia, Mycelis muralis and two sp. of grasses; calcareous ground; humid, open place but mostly in shade of a mountain; elevation 540 m (1.770 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil among stones.Place: Lower Trenta valley, left bank of river Soa, 170 m upstream from Matev's bridge (Trenta 1), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment (pertains to Flickr album Orobanche flava): Orobanche flava is a chlorophyll less, 100% parasitic plant. It's a rare find in Slovenia but it is not protected by law. However, six other species of this genus are protected or in the Red list of Slovenia. Notably, all of them are marked as K insufficiently known or with R a rare plant. Determination of them on species level is, at least for me, a considerable problem. Apart of habit and flower morphology, their host is a very important trait for determination as well as habitat where they grow. Finding their true host is also not easy. One has to destroy them to find out which host plant are they actually connected to. Also in some soils it is very difficult not to destroy their thin roots attached to the thin roots of the host during digging before actually find the connection. So, in most cases determining the host is more or less a guess based on occurrences of surrounding plants and on their correlation with the morphological traits of the plant, which is to be determined.For Orobanche flava genera Petasites, Tussilago, Adenostyles, Achillea, Aconitum, Origanum, Thymus and Anemone are stated in literature as potential hosts. However, already Beck (1890) stated that Tussilago and also some other species were incorrectly reported as hosts of Orobanche flava.The plants shown correspond well to the most traits given in an elaborated species description in Kreutz (1995), but not all of them. The most appearing difference is the point of attachment of stamens to the corolla tube. According to this source, they are attached 4 6 mm above the corolla base. This statement probably origins in 1890 (Beck, G., 1890) and it has been repeated on most descriptions we have read. In the plants shown here this distance is significantly smaller. But, Lauber & Wagner (2012) states this distance to be 2 - 4 mm, which fits well to the observed plants. Hence this discrepancy may not be a cause against our determination. Unfortunately, the corolla lips were not yet fully developed at the time of photographing of these plants. Therefore, in this respect the comparing lips with the descriptions in literature is hindered. The habitat (humid, stony and scree, calcareous ground near a river stream in montane elevation in the alpine phytogeographical region) fits perfectly to the corresponding descriptions. The biggest problem seems to the host. Nothing what would fit data from literature has been found in the vicinity of the plants. Since Orobanche flava parasites several Asteraceae species, the only option could eventually be Mycelis muralis, which was growing close to the observed plants. However, to our knowledge, this species has never been considered a host of Orobanche flava. Consequently, the determination of these plants remains to some extent uncertain.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Jovan Hadi Institute of Biology, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (2) Piwowarczyk, R., Orobanche flava (Orobanchaceae) in Poland: current distribution, taxonomy, hosts and plant communities: 2014, Biodiversity: Research and Conservation 34(1):41-52(3) Beck, G., 1890: Monographie der Gattung Orobanche, Bibl. Bot. 19, 275 pp, Theoder Fischer, Cassel
www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/71612(4) Kreutz, C.A.J.,Orobanche, The European broomrape species, Vol.1., Central and Northern Europe, Stichting Natuurpublicaties Limburg, Maastrich (1995), pp 159.(5) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 294.(6) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 914.
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2011-07-17 Lower Austria, district Neunkirchen (mixed forest - near stream; 800 msm Quadrant 8161/3).German name: Salbei-Sommerwurz (auf Kleb-Salbei)
See remarks here.
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2010.06.03 Austria, Lower Austria, district Bruck/Leitha (295 m AMSL).Habitat shot of
this one and of
this one, for ID see remarks there.German names: Quendel-SommerwurzID: Fischer & al., Exkursionsflora (2008 3rd)
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Parasita a la ontina (Artemisia herba_alba).Barranco de las Almunias: Zaragoza.Espaa.Familia=OROBANCHACEAEDistribucin: Regin Mediterrnea, alcanzando el SW de Asia, y Regin Macaronesica.Suelo: Indiferente (arcillosos)Altitud: 130 - 1000 mFloracin: Abril - Junio ( Julio )
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Orobanche luteaYellow BroomrapeSlo.: rumeni pojalnikJune 07. 2008Lat.: 46.30241 Long.: 13.49093Code: Bot_268/2008_8817Habitat: Overgrown gravel and scree, flat terrain, next to a dirt road, partly disturbed land, calcareous ground, sunny dry place with high air humidity, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevations 340 m (1.100 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Ref.:(1) M.A.Fischer, W.Adler, K.Oswald, Exkursionsflora Oesterreich Liechtenstein, Suedtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 760.(2) A.Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 577.
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Parasitizing Sedum spathulifolium
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Species: Orobanche minor Sm. Date: 2006-03-19 Location: Val D'Or Habitat: In shade in Cypress (Cupressus) forest
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Barranco de las Almunias: Zaragoza.Espaa
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Orobanche teucrii Holandre, syn.: Orobanche atrorubens SchultzGermander Broomrape, DE: Gamander-Wrger, Gamander-SommerwurzSlo.: vrednikov pojalnikLat.: 46.36069 Long.: 13.70193Dat: May 28. 2016 (macro)Code: Bot_964/2016_DSC5618Picture file names: from Orobanche-teucrii_raw_5 to Orobanche-teucrii_raw_8,Habitat: dry grassland, mountain pasture; slightly inclined terrain at the foot of a mountain, southeast aspect; shallow soil layer on colluvial, calcareous, skeletal ground; full sun, relatively warm place, elevation 610 m (2.000 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, Na Melu place, next to cottage Trenta 2b, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Orobanche teucrii is a rare, sporadic and hence not very well known plant. It grows manly in Central Europe from low land to subalpine elevations. One can find it in the Alps and surrounding regions from the Pyrenees to the Carpathians. Flora Alpina (Ref.: 5) knows it also from the Apennines while Kreutz's Orobanche monograph (Ref.:1) disagree with this statement. In Slovenian key (Ref.:4) it is marked as 'insufficiently known' plant. Orobanche teucrii is parasitic exclusively on genus Teucrium species, especially on Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium montanum. This and the fact that it is one of the most early blooming species of the genus Orobanche helps a lot in determination. It grows mainly in dry grassland and stony places. Generally it is quite a small plant among other mostly bigger Orobanche species, with few but relatively large flowers. Distinctive is also dark, brown-red-(orange) two lobed stigma. On this pasture both Teucrium chamaedrys and Teucrium montanum are common. I found a few more Orobanche teucrii plants on it but all of them grew within (mini)'bushes' of Teucrium chamaedrys. None could be associated with Teucrium montanum.Ref.:(1) C.A.J. Kreutz, Orobanche, The European broomrape species, Vol.1., Central and Northern Europe, Stichting Natuurpublicaties Limburg, Maastrich (1995), p 144.(2) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 618.(3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 759.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 578. (5) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 290.
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Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia