Peromyscus keeni is found in western British Columbia, western Washington, and southeastern Alaska, including the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte) islands, the Alexander Archipelago, and other coastal islands.
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native )
Northwestern deer mice are mainly granivorous ground foragers. In an intake preference study done on foods from southeastern Alaska seeds from trees, shrubs and fruits were compared as well as fruits for palatability. It was found that salmonberry, stink currants, devil's club seeds, and Sitka spruce seeds were preferred. When diet composition in different ecological habitats was compared, stomach contents did not vary significantly. All diets were composed mostly of fruits and seeds of understory plants, followed by tree seeds and leaf material, with small amounts of arthropods and traces of fungi. Tree seeds become a more important part of their diets during winter and early spring because these mice do not cache food or store seasonal fat. In some areas they eat the eggs of nesting birds, including marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) and rhinoceros auklets (Cerorhinca monocerata).
Animal Foods: birds; fish; eggs; carrion ; insects; terrestrial non-insect arthropods
Plant Foods: leaves; seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit
Other Foods: fungus
Primary Diet: herbivore (Granivore ); omnivore
Northwestern deer mice influence seabird populations in coastal areas by preying on their eggs and nestlings. Marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) and rhinoceros auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata) are preyed on by these mice. In one study area, 34% of rhinoceros auklet eggs had been preyed on by northwestern deer mice. Predation occurs mostly during the early post-laying period when adults are foraging and occurs minimally in later incubation and hatchling periods. If food sources for the rhinoceros auklets become limited their foraging time increases, which puts their eggs at an even greater risk for predation.
Seed dispersal mutualism has been suggested between Peromyscus maniculatus and limber pine (Pinus flexilis). Other Peromyscus species may drive seed defense evolution through their secondary dispersal effects, causing the method of seed dispersal which plants rely on to change in the presence of ground scavengers.
Peromyscus keeni can be a host to several invertebrate parasites such as lice, ticks, bots and fleas. The flea species that are known to use P. keeni as a host are: Hystrichopsylla occidentalis, Catallagia charlottensis, Ceratophyllus ciliates protinus, Megabothris abantis, Opisodasys keeni, and Malaraeus telchinus.
Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds
Commensal/Parasitic Species:
Species in the genus Peromyscus are useful for the research of genomic imprinting. Peromyscus has been an important model for showing an X-linked locus in hybrid dysgenesis when crossing different species. They have also been used for researching reproductive isolation in mammals. Peromyscus have a much longer lifespan than typical lab mice, making them useful for many forms of research. The longevity of Peromyscus has been analyzed as baseline research for comparative aging research. Their physiological characteristics may help us understand and treat age-related diseases such as cancer.
Positive Impacts: research and education
Primary predators are American martens (Martes americana), owls (Strigidae), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Other terrestrial predators are likely to take northwestern deer mice and their young, including large snakes, other raptors, and weasels (Mustela). Northwestern deer mice are cryptically colored and secretive to avoid predation.
Known Predators:
Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic
Northwestern deer mice are medium sized cricetids. Juveniles are a grayish color, while adults are tri-colored. They are brown dorsally and light grey ventrally with tails that are brown dorsally and white ventrally. Northwestern deer mice have long tails (more than 100 mm) and large, naked ears. The tail is slender with short hair and is distinctly bi-colored. Peromyscus keeni is distinguishable from P. maniculatus because of its darker fur color and longer tail (tail length in P. maniculatus is less than 100 mm). Body size in northwestern deer mice is significantly correlated with elevation, with body size peaking at intermediate elevations.
Range mass: 10 to 30 g.
Range length: 181 to 236 mm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike
Little research has been conducted on the lifespan of northwestern deer mice. Related species (P. maniculatus, P. californicus, and P. leucopus) have expected lifespans in the wild of 342.2 days for males and 280.9 days for breeding females. Some individuals survive to reproduce for a second breeding season.
Range lifespan
Status: wild: 3 (high) years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 1 years.
Peromyscus maniculatus is a natural reservoir for Lyme disease and hantavirus. Peromyscus keeni may also transmit these pathogens and negatively affect human health. Northwestern deer mice may also enter homes and become a nuisance.
Negative Impacts: injures humans (carries human disease); household pest
Northwestern deer mice are adapted to many habitats, but appear to thrive in upland and new-growth forests. They also commonly inhabit old-growth forests and floodplains, although those are less favorable because they lack the spatial and temporal complexity that promotes survivorship. They are found in rainy areas with mild climates and semi-open canopies. They are found at higher elevations than Peromyscus maniculatus in the same region. On small islands, northwestern deer mice are found along the edges of cedar-spruce forest and on beaches where logs, rocks, and debris provide sufficient cover.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; rainforest
Aquatic Biomes: coastal
Other Habitat Features: riparian
Peromyscus keeni includes the previously recognized species Peromyscus keeni oreas and Peromyscus keeni sitkensis as well as some populations previously recognized as Peromyscus maniculatus (P. m. algidus, P. m. hylaeus, P. m. keeni, P. m. macrorhinus, and P. m. prevostensis). It is possible that 3 other P. maniculatus subspecies should be included in P. keeni: P. m. carli, P. m. doylei, and P. m. triangularis.
A health condition of the genus Peromyscus that is prevalent at a similar rate in humans is periodontal disease. Peromyscus keeni exhibited this disease at rates between 7 and 13.5%, with a significantly increased rate in populations on isolated islands. This condition occurs rarely in any other mammalian species, which may make Peromyscus a valuable research model.
Rodents rely heavily on their sense of olfaction to interact within their social hierarchies. Dominance can be conveyed to other members of the community solely by odor. A recent topic of interest for research is rodent ultrasound. Ultrasonic vocalizations have been observed in research mice as well as in wild populations of P. californicus and P. boylii. Based on literature on other mammal and bird ultrasound, it is likely that this method of communication is used by all Peromyscus species to communicate with offspring, maintain territory boundaries, and to communicate with as well as attract mates. It is unlikely that ultrasonic vocalizations are used as a alarm calls as this behavior is only known from diurnal animals.
Communication Channels: acoustic ; chemical
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; ultrasound ; chemical
Peromyscus keeni is listed as “least concern” by the IUCN because of their widespread, stable populations and adaptability to various habitats.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
State of Michigan List: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
There is no available information on mating systems in northwestern deer mice. Mating systems in Peromyscus are variable, and include monogamous, roving, or polygynous mating behaviors. At high female densities, males become more territorial and defend a small number of females or maintain a monogamous relationship with one female. In areas with low female densities, females become solitary and males develop a less territorial, roving strategy where they mate with multiple females. Females generally maintain small, solitary home areas in all mating systems.
During the breeding season, northwestern deer mice females with mates have short breeding intervals and exhibit postpartum estrus. Breeding intervals are increased among females that do not have established mates. In wild populations, many adults only live long enough to reproduce during one breeding season. Adult males enter breeding condition prior to adult females and all females average 2 to 3 litters per breeding season. Females give birth to 2 to 5 young after a gestation period of 23 to 25 days. Gestation periods are shorting when females are nursing a previous litter. Litter size is positively correlated with relative litter mass: larger litter sizes result in smaller body sizes of young in that litter. Young are weaned and independent at 3 to 4 weeks old and may be able to breed as early as 5 to 6 weeks old. Males have a lifetime reproductive success that is twice that of females.
Breeding interval: Female northwestern deer mice breed two to three times per breeding season.
Breeding season: Breeding occurs from February to October.
Range number of offspring: 2 to 5.
Average number of offspring: 4.3.
Range gestation period: 23 to 25 days.
Range weaning age: 3 to 4 weeks.
Range time to independence: 3 to 4 weeks.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 5 to 6 weeks.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 5 to 6 weeks.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; viviparous ; post-partum estrous
Parental investment in northwestern deer mice has not been well-studied. Like all mammals, females invest substantially in young through gestation and lactation.
Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
Peromyscus keeni ye una especie de royedor de la familia Cricetidae.
Alcuéntrase na Columbia Británica en Canadá y en Alaska y Washington nos Estaos Xuníos
Peromyscus keeni ye una especie de royedor de la familia Cricetidae.
Peromyscus keeni és una espècie de rosegador de la família dels cricètids. Viu a l'oest del Canadà i el nord-oest dels Estats Units. Els seus hàbitats naturals van des de les planes costaneres fins als boscos alpins de gran altitud. Es creu que no hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie.[1]
L'espècie fou anomenada en honor del missioner britànic John Henry Keen.[2]
Peromyscus keeni és una espècie de rosegador de la família dels cricètids. Viu a l'oest del Canadà i el nord-oest dels Estats Units. Els seus hàbitats naturals van des de les planes costaneres fins als boscos alpins de gran altitud. Es creu que no hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie.
L'espècie fou anomenada en honor del missioner britànic John Henry Keen.
Die British Columbia-Hirschmaus (Peromyscus keeni) ist ein Nagetier in der Familie der Wühler, das im Westen Nordamerikas vorkommt. Sie wird von der IUCN als nicht gefährdet gelistet.[1]
Die Art erreicht eine Gesamtlänge von 14 bis 26,3 cm, inklusive eines 7 bis 12,6 cm langen Schwanzes. Das Gewicht variiert zwischen 15 und 52,4 g, die Hinterfüße sind 19 bis 32 mm lang und die Länge der Ohren beträgt 12 bis 26 mm. Die größten Exemplare kommen auf Inseln vor, die dem Kontinent vorgelagert sind (Inselgigantismus). Die Fellfarbe der Oberseite ist bei den verschiedenen Individuen sehr abwechslungsreich. Es kommen braune, rotbraune, dunkelbraune oder graubraune Farbtöne vor. Einige Exemplare besitzen einen breiten dunklen Aalstrich. Der Bauch und die Gliedmaßen sind mit hellgrauem bis weißen Fell bedeckt, das manchmal eine hellbraune oder rotbraune Schattierung aufweist. Der Schwanz ist in eine dunkelbraune Oberseite und eine weiße Unterseite aufgeteilt. Er besitzt am Ende eine kleine Quaste aus steifen Haaren. Einige Exemplare haben unter dem Kinn einen kleinen Fleck aus völlig weißen Haaren.[2]
Der Kopf ist durch lange Vibrissen, große Augen und große Ohren gekennzeichnet, die mit kurzen Haaren bedeckt sind. Weibchen besitzen drei Paar Zitzen.[2]
Diese Hirschmaus kommt in British Columbia und im Yukon Territory in Kanada sowie in den US-amerikanischen Bundesstaaten Washington und Alaska vor. Zu den bewohnten Inseln zählen unter anderem der Alexanderarchipel und die Haida Gwaii. Die Art hält sich im Flachland und in Gebirgen, wie der Kaskadenkette auf.[1]
Als Habitat dienen Wälder ohne geschlossenen Schirm oder Waldränder. Oftmals wird die British Columbia-Hirschmaus auf Lichtungen oder Schneisen angetroffen. Sie besucht gelegentlich Kulturlandschaften.[1]
Die British Columbia-Hirschmaus ist nachtaktiv und ernährt sich vorwiegend von Samen, Früchten und Wirbellosen.[1] Im Küstenbereich frisst sie auch Eier von Seevögeln, wie Marmelalk (Brachyramphus marmoratus) oder Nashornalk (Cerorhinca monocerata), was den Bestand dieser Vögel beeinträchtigt. Das Nagetier fällt selbst Mardern, Füchsen, Eulen, Raubvögeln und Schlangen zum Opfer.[3]
Die Hierarchie innerhalb dieser Art ist nicht so stark ausgeprägt wie bei anderen Hirschmäusen. Männchen sind allgemein aggressiv gegenüber gleichgeschlechtlichen Artgenossen und Weibchen nur wenn sie trächtig sind.[3] Bei der British Columbia-Hirschmaus können mehrere Würfe pro Jahr mit 3 bis 5 Jungtieren pro Wurf vorkommen. Die Trächtigkeitsdauer beträgt etwa 24 Tage. Schon fünf bis sechs Wochen nach der Geburt können sich verschiedene Weibchen das erste Mal fortpflanzen.[1]
Die British Columbia-Hirschmaus (Peromyscus keeni) ist ein Nagetier in der Familie der Wühler, das im Westen Nordamerikas vorkommt. Sie wird von der IUCN als nicht gefährdet gelistet.
The northwestern deer mouse or Keen's mouse (Peromyscus keeni) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in British Columbia in Canada and in Alaska and Washington in the United States.[1] It was named after the Rev. John Henry Keen in 1894.[2]
Hanley, Thomas A., and Jeffrey C. Barnard. “Spatial Variation in Population Dynamics of Sitka Mice in Floodplain Forests.” Journal of Mammalogy, vol. 80, no. 3, 1999, pp. 866–879. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1383255.
The northwestern deer mouse or Keen's mouse (Peromyscus keeni) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in British Columbia in Canada and in Alaska and Washington in the United States. It was named after the Rev. John Henry Keen in 1894.
Peromyscus keeni es una especie de roedor de la familia Cricetidae.
Se encuentra en la Columbia Británica en Canadá y en Alaska y Washington en los Estados Unidos
Datos: Q1762540
Multimedia:
Especies: Peromyscus keeni
Peromyscus keeni es una especie de roedor de la familia Cricetidae.
Peromyscus keeni Peromyscus generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Neotominae azpifamilia eta Cricetidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Peromyscus keeni Peromyscus generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Neotominae azpifamilia eta Cricetidae familian sailkatuta dago.
La Souris de Keen (Peromyscus keeni)[1],[2], est une espèce de rongeurs de la famille des Cricétidés.
Cette espèce était également connue sous le nom de Souris de Sitka (Peromyscus sitkensis)[3] ou Souris des cascades (Peromyscus oreas)[2].
On la trouve au Canada et aux États-Unis. Elle vit dans les forêts côtières de plaine et de montagne[4].
La Souris de Keen (Peromyscus keeni),, est une espèce de rongeurs de la famille des Cricétidés.
Cette espèce était également connue sous le nom de Souris de Sitka (Peromyscus sitkensis) ou Souris des cascades (Peromyscus oreas).
Peromyscus keeni is een zoogdier uit de familie van de Cricetidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Rhoades in 1894.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Peromyscus oreas é uma espécie de roedor da família Cricetidae.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Canadá e Estados Unidos da América.
Peromyscus oreas é uma espécie de roedor da família Cricetidae.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Canadá e Estados Unidos da América.
Peromyscus keeni[2][3][4] är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Rhoades 1894. Peromyscus keeni ingår i släktet hjortråttor och familjen hamsterartade gnagare.[5][6] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[5]
Arten blir med svans 14 till 26,3 cm lång, svanslängden är 7 till 12,6 cm och vikten varierar mellan 15 och 52,4 g. Peromyscus keeni har 19 till 32 mm långa bakfötter och 12 till 26 mm långa öron. De största individerna lever på öar. Pälsens färg på ovansidan varierar mycket mellan olika individer. Den kan vara brun, rödbrun, mörkbrun eller gråbrun. Ofta finns en bredare mörkare linje på ryggens topp. Undersidan är vanligen täckt av ljusgrå till vit päls, ibland med en ljusbrun eller rödbrun skugga. Hos några individer förekommer en fläck med helt vita hår under hakan. Artens svans är uppdelat i en mörkbrun ovansida och en vit undersida. Den har en liten tofs av styva hår vid slutet. Pälsen byts under sensommaren och hos ungar två gånger innan de blir vuxna. Peromyscus keeni har stora ögon, långa morrhår och stora öron som är täckta av korta hår. Tandformeln är I 1/1 C 0/0 P 0/0 M 3/3, alltså 16 tänder. Honor har tre par spenar.[7]
Denna gnagare förekommer i västra Kanada och nordvästra USA (även södra Alaska) vid Stilla havet. Peromyscus keeni hittas dessutom på flera av regionens öar. Den vistas i låglandet och i bergstrakter i olika slags skogar som dock inte bör vara för tät. Ofta hittas arten vid gläntor eller intill väger som går genom skogen. Denna hjortråtta besöker odlade områden.[1]
Individerna äter främst frön, frukter och ryggradslösa djur. Honan har under årets varma månader flera kullar. Dräktigheten varar cirka 24 dagar och sedan föds 3 till 5 ungar. Några nyfödda honor kan ha en egen kull efter 5 till 6 veckor.[1]
Peromyscus keeni är nattaktiv. Hannar är vanligen aggressiva mot artfränder av samma kön och honor bara när de är dräktiga. Hierarkin inom arten är inte lika bra utvecklad som hos andra hjortråttor. Denna gnagare har flera olika fiender som mårddjur, rävar, ugglor, andra rovlevande fåglar och ormar.[8]
Vid kusten äter Peromyscus keeni ägg av fåglar, till exempel av marmoralka och hornalka, vad som påverkar deras bestånd.[8]
Wikispecies har information om Peromyscus keeni.
Peromyscus keeni är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Rhoades 1894. Peromyscus keeni ingår i släktet hjortråttor och familjen hamsterartade gnagare. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Peromyscus keeni là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Cricetidae, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Rhoads mô tả năm 1894.[2]
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Bài viết liên quan đến họ gặm nhấm Cricetidae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Peromyscus keeni là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Cricetidae, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Rhoads mô tả năm 1894.
북서부사슴쥐 또는 킨사슴쥐(Peromyscus keeni)는 비단털쥐과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다.[2] 캐나다 브리티시컬럼비아주와 미국 알래스카주, 워싱턴주에서 발견된다.[1] 학명은 1894년 성공회 선교사 존 헨리 킨(John Henry Keen)의 이름에서 유래했다.[3]
북서부사슴쥐 또는 킨사슴쥐(Peromyscus keeni)는 비단털쥐과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다. 캐나다 브리티시컬럼비아주와 미국 알래스카주, 워싱턴주에서 발견된다. 학명은 1894년 성공회 선교사 존 헨리 킨(John Henry Keen)의 이름에서 유래했다.
