Comments
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
This species is an efficient sand binder, forming large colonies and stabilizing dunes. The female inflorescences act as tumbleweeds. The seeds within are dispersed as the spiky head is transported along the coast by wind and sea.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Perennials; clum hard, stout, 30-100 cm or more tall, internode farinose. Blade 5-20 mm long, 2.3-3
mm wide, involute-subulate, curved, sharp pointed; sheath broad, overlapping; ligule a dense ring of
hairs, 2-3 mm long. Staminate spikelets in umbellate spikes; rachis 4-9 cm long, pointed. Pistillate
spikelets in a globose head; rachis 8-15 mm long. Staminate spikelets 8-12 mm long; glumes unequal,
oblong-lanceolate, 7-9-veined, lower glume 4-6 mm long; lower lemma 5-veined, membranaceous;
lower palea with keels winged and ciliate; upper lemma slightly indurate, palea not keeled; anther ca.
5.6mm long. Pistillate spikelets 10-12 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, smooth; lower glume oblong-lanceolate,
many-veined; upper glume acute, 7-9-veined; lower lemma 5-veined, ovate-lanceolate; upper
lemma lanceolate, smooth, ca. 10 mm long.
- licensa
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Culms stoloniferous, hard, stout, many-noded, rooting and copiously branching at nodes, flowering shoots ascending to 30–100 cm, internodes farinose. Leaf sheaths broad, rounded on back, imbricate; leaf blades distichous, very tough, involute-subulate, curved, 5–20 × 0.2–0.3 cm, margins scabrous, apex spiny; ligule densely ciliate. Staminate inflorescence of 2–5 clustered turbinate heads 5–10 × 6–8 cm; racemes 3–6 cm, bearing 5–10 loosely imbricate spikelets. Staminate spikelets lanceolate, 8–12 mm; glumes oblong-lanceolate, 7–9-veined, lower glume 1/2 spikelet length, upper glume 2/3 spikelet length; lower lemma 5-veined, 8–10 mm, palea with winged ciliate keels; upper lemma with unkeeled palea. Female inflorescence globose, 20–35 cm in diam.; racemes unispiculate with needle-like 10–18 cm rachis. Female spikelets lanceolate-oblong, 10–20 mm, acuminate; glumes oblong-lanceolate, low-er glume many-veined, upper glume 7–9-veined; lower lemma ovate-lanceolate, 5-veined, palea absent; upper lemma lanceolate, yellowish. Fl. and fr. summer-autumn.
- licensa
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
India, Sri Lanks, Myanmar, Indochina, Malesia and S.China. Taiwan, in littoral sand dunes.
- licensa
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Habitat & Distribution
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Sandy beaches, seashore dunes. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
- licensa
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Synonym
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Stipa littorea Burm. f., Fl. Ind. 29. 1768.
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Synonym
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Stipa littorea N. L. Burman, Fl. Indica 29. 1767; Spinifex squarrosus Linnaeus; Stipa spinifex Linnaeus.
- licensa
- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Spinifex littoreus
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da wikipedia EN
Spinifex littoreus is a species of herb in the family Poaceae.[2] The species is similar to Spinifex longifolius.[3] It is native to tropical and subtropical areas of Asia and Australia.[1]
The species is dioecious.[4] It has been suggested that the species might give an significant model for studying the regulation as well as the evolutionary history of C4 and CAM photosynthesis.[5]
Occurrence
The species is native to Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Malaysia, Maldives, Indonesia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, and Australia.[1]
References
-
^ a b c "Spinifex littoreus". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
-
^ "Spinifex littoreus" at the Encyclopedia of Life
-
^ Study, Australian Biological Resources (2002). Flora of Australia. Csiro Publishing. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-643-06803-2.
-
^ Reddy, S. M. (2007). University Botany- Iii : (Plant Taxonomy, Plant Embryology, Plant Physiology). New Age International. p. 138. ISBN 978-81-224-1547-6.
-
^ Ho, Che-Ling; Chiang, Jyh-Min; Lin, Teng-Chiu; Martin, Craig E. (2019-05-01). "First report of C4/CAM-cycling photosynthetic pathway in a succulent grass, Spinifex littoreus (Brum. f.) Merr., in coastal regions of Taiwan". Flora. Functional Traits Explaining Plant Responses to Past and Future Climate Changes. 254: 194–202. doi:10.1016/j.flora.2018.08.005. ISSN 0367-2530. S2CID 91483095.
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- Wikipedia authors and editors
Spinifex littoreus: Brief Summary
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da wikipedia EN
Spinifex littoreus is a species of herb in the family Poaceae. The species is similar to Spinifex longifolius. It is native to tropical and subtropical areas of Asia and Australia.
The species is dioecious. It has been suggested that the species might give an significant model for studying the regulation as well as the evolutionary history of C4 and CAM photosynthesis.
- licensa
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Wikipedia authors and editors
Spinifex littoreus
(
vietnamèis
)
fornì da wikipedia VI
Spinifex littoreus là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được (Burm.f.) Merr. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1912.[1]
Chú thích
Liên kết ngoài
- licensa
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
Spinifex littoreus: Brief Summary
(
vietnamèis
)
fornì da wikipedia VI
Spinifex littoreus là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được (Burm.f.) Merr. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1912.
- licensa
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- drit d'autor
- Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
滨刺草
(
cinèis
)
fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Spinifex littoreus(Burm. f.) Merr., 1912 滨刺草（学名：Spinifex littoreus），又名老鼠艻，为禾本科滨刺草属下的一种多年生草本植物。其莖已木質化，较为坚硬，叶線形、堅硬，表面有阻止水分蒸发的蠟質。
参考文献
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滨刺草: Brief Summary
(
cinèis
)
fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科
滨刺草（学名：Spinifex littoreus），又名老鼠艻，为禾本科滨刺草属下的一种多年生草本植物。其莖已木質化，较为坚硬，叶線形、堅硬，表面有阻止水分蒸发的蠟質。
ツキイゲ
(
Giaponèis
)
fornì da wikipedia 日本語
ツキイゲ
ツキイゲ
分類 界 :
植物界 Plantae 門 :
被子植物門 Magnoliophyta 綱 :
単子葉植物綱 Liliopsida 目 :
イネ目 Poales （
カヤツリグサ目 Cyperales）
科 :
イネ科 Poaceae （
Gramineae）
属 :
ツキイゲ属 Spinifex 種 :
ツキイゲ S. littoreus 学名 Spinifex littoreus 和名 ツキイゲ
ツキイゲ(Spinifex littoreus (Burn. fil.) Merr.)とは単子葉植物イネ科ツキイゲ属の植物である。熱帯から亜熱帯の海岸に生育する。熱帯系の特異な海浜植物として知られる。
全体的に非常に硬い草で、粉を吹いたような白緑色である。茎は地表を這い、枝分かれして大きな集団を作る。枝先は少し立ち上がり、草丈は30-50cm位である。基部に近い位置に数枚の葉をつける。葉は長さ20cm位まで、幅は3mm程と細く、下面の断面は円形に近い。先端に向かって次第に細くなり、先は鋭い針になる。
花は夏に出る。葉の間からぬけ出して伸びた花茎の先に着く。なお、イネ科では数少ない雌雄異株である。雄株の花序は枝先に多数の針状の枝が束になったようなもので、その枝に雄小穂がまばらにつく。雌花は、同じように針状の枝が放射状に伸びた中の、その根元付近に着く。
雌花は果実が熟するにつれて特徴的な変化を示す。針状の枝が完全に放射状になって、花茎の先が針の長い栗のイガもしくは色の薄いガンガゼ、もしくはウニの化け物のような形になる。そして、この針山は基部から外れるようになっており、枝から離れると、果実をつけたままで砂の上に落ちる。そこに風が吹いてくると、アカザ科のタンブル・ウィードの株と同様に風に吹かれて砂の上を転がって行き、どこかで種子を散布することになる。針には適当な弾力があって、砂の上で軽く弾みながら転がって行く。
日本では種子島、屋久島以南の南西諸島の海岸に生え、国外では中国南部から台湾、インドネシア、インドに分布する。
近縁種[編集]
同属の植物は、いずれも似た姿で、太平洋諸島、オーストラリアからインド、東アジアにわたる熱帯・亜熱帯の海岸に数種がある。
人間とのかかわり[編集]
植物体には砂の移動を抑える働きが強いため砂防への応用が考えられるが、その刺々しい葉から嫌われ、駆除された例もあるようである。この植物の葉を食べることができる家畜はヤギのみだともいわれる。
参考文献[編集]
- 佐竹義輔・大井次三郎・北村四郎他『日本の野生植物 草本I 単子葉植物』(1982)平凡社
- 北村四郎・村田源・小山鐵夫『原色日本植物図鑑 草本編(III)・単子葉類（改定49刷）』(1987)：保育社
- 長田武正『日本のイネ科植物図譜（増補版）』(1993)（平凡社）
- 初島住彦『琉球植物誌（追加・訂正版）』(1975)沖縄生物教育研究会
ツキイゲ: Brief Summary
(
Giaponèis
)
fornì da wikipedia 日本語
ツキイゲ(Spinifex littoreus (Burn. fil.) Merr.)とは単子葉植物イネ科ツキイゲ属の植物である。熱帯から亜熱帯の海岸に生育する。熱帯系の特異な海浜植物として知られる。
这是一篇與植物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 
