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Charaxes protoclea ( Anglèis )

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Charaxes protoclea, the flame-bordered emperor or flame-bordered charaxes, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found Subsaharan Africa.[2] It is a common forest charaxes.

Description

The wingspan is 65–70 mm in males and 75–95 mm in females. Ch. protoclea Feisth. has the forewing above unicolorous black, only in cellules la—2 with orange-yellow marginal spots or with orange-yellow marginal band; hindwing above also deep black but with very broad orange-yellow marginal band, 10 mm. in breadth at vein 3, usually enclosing a black dot in cellules lc and 6; the under surface of both wings dark umber-brown with the markings ferruginous, only in cellule lc of the forewing black; the costal margin of the forewing not lighter than the ground-colour. The female is quite unlike the male and has on both surfaces a very broad white median band, which in cellules 3—7 of the forewing is more or less completely broken up into spots; the ground-colour is above blackish, beneath lighter grey-brown than in the male the forewing above as in the male only with orange-yellow marginal spots in cellules la—-2; the yellow marginal band on the upperside of the hindwing only 3 mm. in breadth. Senegambia to Angola. — nothodes Jord, connects the type-form with azota, the marginal spots of the forewing being better developed than in the former, but less than in azota, and the submarginal spots not so complete as in azota. Tanganyika. — azota Hew. must be regarded as the eastern race. The only differs in having the orange-yellow marginal band on the upperside of the fore wing extending to the apex and preceded by a transverse row of orange-yellow submarginal spots, which are or less confluent with the marginal ones. The female has a still broader white median band on the upper surface, on the forewing broken up into two rows of spots in cellules 2—7, of which the distal row is formed of large orange-yellow spots; the orange-yellow marginal band on the forewing above is complete, as in the male . Distributed in East Africa from Delagoa Bay to Nyassaland and British East Africa, male-ab. nyasana Btlr. only differs in having the marginal and submarginal spots on the upperside of the forewing connected as far as vein 5, enclosing a black spot; in the normal form these spots are already separated in cellule 4. Nyassaland. [3]

Biology

Has two broods from October to November and from February to June.[4]

The habitat is Miombo woodland.

Larvae feed on Afzelia quanzensis, Brachystegia spiciformis, and Julbernardia globiflora.[2][4]

Notes on the biology of protoclea are given by Kielland (1990), (1991) and Pringle et al (1994) [5] [6].[7]

Taxonomy

Charaxes cynthia group

The group members are

Charaxes protoclea and Charaxes subornatus

Subspecies

Listed alphabetically.[2]

  • C. p. azota (Hewitson, 1877) [8] (Kenya, Tanzania, north-eastern Zambia, Malawi, eastern Zimbabwe, southern Mozambique, South Africa: KwaZulu-Natal)
  • C. p. catenaria Rousseau-Decelle, 1934 [9](Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Tanzania, Zambia)
  • C. p. cedrici [10] Canu, 1989 (Bioko)
  • C. p. nothodes Jordan, 1911[11] (Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Uganda, north-western Tanzania)
  • C. p. protoclea Feisthamel, 1850 (Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, western Nigeria)
  • C. p. protonothodes van Someren, 1971[12] (Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Congo, north-western Angola, north-western Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Subspecies gallery

References

  1. ^ Feisthamel, J. F. P., 1850 Description de quelques Lépidoptères Rhopalocéres nouveaux ou peu connus, provenant de la Cazamance (Afrique) Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (2) 8 : 247-262.
  2. ^ a b c "Charaxes Ochsenheimer, 1816" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
  3. ^ Aurivillius, [P.O.]C. 1908-1924. In: Seitz, A. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13: Abt. 2, Die exotischen Großschmetterlinge, Die afrikanischen Tagfalter, 1925, 613 Seiten, 80 Tafeln (The Macrolepidoptera of the World 13).Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^ a b Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.
  5. ^ Kielland, J. 1990 Butterflies of Tanzania. Hill House, Melbourne and London: 1-363.
  6. ^ Larsen, T.B. 1991 The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. Oxford University Press, Oxford: i-xxii, 1-490.
  7. ^ Pringle et al , 1994. Pennington’s Butterflies of Southern Africa, 2nd edition
  8. ^ Hewitson, W.C. 1877 Descriptions of three new species of butterflies from Delagoa Bay. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 14: 81-83.
  9. ^ Rousseau-Decelle, G. 1934. De quelques formes nouvelles de Charaxes africains. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 39: 228-236.
  10. ^ Canu, J.G 1989. In: Henning, 1989. The Charaxinae butterflies of Africa 136 (457 pp.). Johannesburg.
  11. ^ Jordan, K. 1911. Two new African butterflies. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 137-138.
  12. ^ van Someren, V.G.L. 1971. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 26:181-226.
  • Victor Gurney Logan Van Someren, 1971 Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)181-226.[1]

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Charaxes protoclea: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

fornì da wikipedia EN

Charaxes protoclea, the flame-bordered emperor or flame-bordered charaxes, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found Subsaharan Africa. It is a common forest charaxes.

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Charaxes protoclea ( olandèis; flamand )

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Insecten

Charaxes protoclea is een vlinder uit de familie van de Nymphalidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1850 door Joachim Francois Philiberto de Feisthamel.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Geplaatst op:
01-04-2013
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Charaxes protoclea ( vietnamèis )

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Charaxes protoclea là một loài bướm thuộc họ Nymphalidae. Chúng được tìm thấy ở Châu Phi hạ Sahara.[1]

Sải cánh con đực dài 65–70 mm, con cái dài 75–95 mm.[2]

Ấu trùng ăn Afzelia quanzensis, Brachystegia spiciformis, và Julbernardia globiflora.[1][2]

Phân loài

Được liệt kê theo thứ tự abc.[1]

  • C. p. azota (Hewitson, 1877)
  • C. p. catenaria Rousseau-Decelle, 1934
  • C. p. cedrici Canu, 1989
  • C. p. nothodes Jordan, 1911
  • C. p. protoclea Feisthamel, 1850
  • C. p. protonothodes van Someren, 1971

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă â Charaxes, funet.fi
  2. ^ a ă Woodhall, Steve. Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa, Cape Town:Struik Publishers, 2005

 src= Phương tiện liên quan tới Charaxes protoclea tại Wikimedia Commons


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Charaxes protoclea: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

fornì da wikipedia VI

Charaxes protoclea là một loài bướm thuộc họ Nymphalidae. Chúng được tìm thấy ở Châu Phi hạ Sahara.

Sải cánh con đực dài 65–70 mm, con cái dài 75–95 mm.

Ấu trùng ăn Afzelia quanzensis, Brachystegia spiciformis, và Julbernardia globiflora.

licensa
cc-by-sa-3.0
drit d'autor
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visité la sorgiss
sit compagn
wikipedia VI