Comments
(
Anglèis
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fornì da eFloras
The name Eriocaulon septangulare Withering, widely used for this species, is invalid (H. N. Moldenke 1937). Some (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964--1980, vol. 5) retain E. aquaticum (Hill) Druce as the valid name if one accepts both North American and European plants as the same species (the alternative taken here). If North American plants are considered to be distinct from Eurasian ones, then the appropriate binomial for ours becomes E. pellucidum Michaux.
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Description
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Herbs, perennial, 4--21 cm (--100 cm when submersed). Leaves linear-attenuate, 1--10 cm (--40 cm when submersed), apex often subulate. Inflorescences: scape sheaths longer (shores) or shorter (submersed) than principal leaves, inflated; scapes linear to filiform, 1 mm wide, (4--)5--7-ribbed; mature heads white to pale gray, young heads dark, hemispheric to globose, 4--10 mm wide, soft, flattened when pressed; receptacle glabrous or rarely with a few clear hairs; involucral bracts becoming reflexed, obscured by proximal bracts and flowers, dark gray, broadly oblong to narrowly ovate or broadly obovate, 1--1.5 mm, margins entire, apex rounded, abaxially with white, club-shaped hairs, otherwise glabrous; inner and receptacular bracts gray to near black, oblanceolate or cuneate, 1.5 mm, margins entire, apex acute, distal margins and abaxial apical surface with white, club-shaped hairs. Staminate flowers: sepals 2, grayish, oblong-linear or linear-oblanceolate, curved, 1.5 mm, apex acute to rounded, margins and abaxial surface with white, club-shaped hairs; androphore club-shaped; petals 2, triangular, nearly equal, 0.5 mm, ciliate, hairs white, club-shaped; stamens 4; anthers black. Pistillate flowers: sepals 2, gray, oblong to narrowly obovate, curved, keeled, 1.5 mm, blade usually ciliate, distal abaxial surfaces with white hairs; petals 2, pale, oblong-linear to linear oblanceolate, 1.5 mm, apex acute to obtuse, apically ciliate, adaxially with white, club-shaped hairs; pistil 2-carpellate. Seeds light brown or red-brown, ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 0.5 mm, very faintly reticulate, not papillate.
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Distribution
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., Que., Ala., Conn., Del., Ind., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Vt., Va., Wis.; Europe (Great Britain, Ireland).
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Flowering/Fruiting
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Flowering spring--fall.
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Habitat
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Sandy or peaty, often sphagnous, shores, bogs, muskegs, shallows; 0--600m.
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Synonym
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da eFloras
Cespa aquatica Hill, Herb. Brit., 96*, plate 66 bis. 1769; Eriocaulon articulatum (Hudson) Morong; E. pellucidum Michaux; E. pumilum Rafinesque; Nasmythia articulata Hudson; N. septangularis (Withering) Martius
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Comprehensive Description
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da North American Flora
Eriocaulon septangulare With. Veg. Brit. 784. 1776
?Cespa aquatica Hill, Herb. Brit. pi. 66. 1769. Nasmythia articulata Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. 415. 1778. Eriocaulon pellucidum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 166. 1803. Eriocaulon pumilum Raf. Atl. Jour. 121. 1832.
Nasmythia septangularis Mart. Nova Acta Acad. Leop. -Carol. 17: 58, pi. 2,f. 2. 1835. Eriocaulon articulatum Morong, Bull. Torrey Club 18: 353. 1891.
Eriocaulon aquaticum Druce, Pharm. Jour. IV. 29: 700. 1909. Not E. aquaticum Sagot, in syn. 1863.
Plants monoecious; stems very short; leaves tufted, thin-membranous or mostly pellucid, linear, plane, 1-18 (mostly 2-6) cm. long, 1-3.5 mm. wide at the middle, subulate-acute, fenestrately 3-8-nerved (the fenestrations conspicuous), glabrous; peduncles mostly solitary (rarely aggregate), 3.5-56 cm. long (to 3 m. long in deep water, according to Britton), 7-sulcate, usually not twisted, compressed in drying, mostly fenestrate, glabrous; heads hemispheric, loose-flowered, 3-5 mm. in diameter, compressed in drying, whitevillose at the summit ; involucral bractlets thin-membranous, gray-green or olivaceous, ovate or obovate, mostly rounded-obtuse, glabrous; receptacle glabrous; receptacular bractlets membranous, hyaline at base, grayish at apex, cuneate-obovate, acute or acuminate, pilose on the back toward apex; staminate florets: sepals 2, free, grayish, cuneate-spatulate, concave-navicular, more or less obtuse, very narrowly carinate-winged, puberulent at apex on the back or finally calvescent; petal-tube white, its lobes 2, pale-stramineous, equal, pilose, glanduliferous; pistillate florets: sepals 2, nigrescent (hyaline at base), cuneate-obovate, concave, truncate, slightly apiculate, very narrowly carinate-winged, pilosulous at apex on the back; petals 2, whitish, spatulate, obtuse, pilose, glanduliferous, equal when young, subequal when mature.
Type locality: In lakes on the Island of Skye, Scotland (Walker).
Distribution: In still water and on shores of ponds, Newfoundland to New Jersey, and westward to Ontario, Minnesota, and Indiana; also in the Hebrides and adjoining islands of northern Scotland and Ireland.
- sitassion bibliogràfica
- Albert Charles Smith, Harold Norman Moldenke, Edward Johnston Alexander. 1937. XYRIDALES. North American flora. vol 19(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Eriocaulon aquaticum
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da wikipedia EN
Eriocaulon aquaticum is a species of flowering plant in the family Eriocaulaceae.
It is known by many common names such as the common pipewort,[3] northern pipewort,[4] seven-angled pipewort[5] or hatpins.[4]
Description
Eriocaulon aquaticum is a perennial plant reaching a maximum height of 20 cm on land, however it can reach heights of several feet when submerged underwater. Grass-like, basal leaves sprout from the base of the plant. Blooms are made up of multiple tiny flowers, which are held above the waterline on long, unbranched stems.[4] The flowers are white and possess nectar glands near the tip of each petal to attract pollinating insects.[5] Blooms are monoecious, with male flowers at the centre of the flowerhead and female flowers surrounding them.[6]
Distribution
This species can only be found in the northern hemisphere.[2]
It is widespread throughout North America where it can be found the states of: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia and Wisconsin.[2]
It is also widespread throughout Canada and can be found within the following Canadian Provinces: Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Québec.[2]
Within Europe E. aquaticum is only found in the United Kingdom and Ireland.[2]
Habitat
Eriocaulon aquaticum is a wetland species, which inhabits bogs, ponds, lakes, marshes and slow flowing rivers.[7][8][4]
It is generally a species associated with lowland habitats, however has been recorded up to 300 metres above sea level.[8]
References
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Eriocaulon aquaticum: Brief Summary
(
Anglèis
)
fornì da wikipedia EN
Eriocaulon aquaticum is a species of flowering plant in the family Eriocaulaceae.
It is known by many common names such as the common pipewort, northern pipewort, seven-angled pipewort or hatpins.
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Eriocaulon aquaticum
(
Fransèis
)
fornì da wikipedia FR
Eriocaulon aquaticum, l’Ériocaulon aquatique, Ériocaulon à sept angles ou Ériocaulon septangulaire, est une espèce de plante à fleurs des milieux aquatiques de l'Amérique du Nord et des îles Britanniques[1].
Nom
Le nom scientifique de l'Eriocaulon septangulaire est Eriocaulon septangulare (parfois jugé invalide) ou Eriocaulon aquaticum[2]. D'autres noms employés pour cette plante sont Eriocaulon pellucidum (en considérant la plante nord-américaine comme distincte de l'européenne), Cespa aquatica, Eriocaulon articulatum, Eriocaulon pumilum, Nasmythia articulata et Nasmythia septangularis[1]. On le connaît également en français sous le nom Eriocaulon aquatique[2]. En anglais, on le retrouve sous le nom Pipewort[1] ou Duckgrass[3] et Pìoban Uisge en gaélique[1].
Caractéristiques
L'Eriocaulon septangulaire est une plante pionnière qui développe sa base en gazons sur les fonds sablonneux et peu profonds de lacs ou d'eaux calmes, permettant éventuellement la présence de nouvelles plantes à la suite de son implantation[3],[4].
Elle fleurit de juillet à octobre de petites fleurs blanches en un amas sphérique au sommet de sa tige[3], juste au-dessus de la surface de l'eau[1]. La plante atteint 10 à 25 centimètres de haut[3].
Distribution
Sa distribution va du sud-est du Canada (Ontario, Québec jusqu'au Labrador, Nouvelle-Écosse, Nouveau-Brunswick, Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) au Sud des États-Unis d'Amérique (Texas à l'ouest et Floride à l'est)[3],[2]. On la rencontre en Europe sur les îles Britanniques[2].
Taxonomie
Le nom scientifique complet (avec auteur) de ce taxon est Eriocaulon aquaticum (Hill) Druce[5].
L'espèce a été initialement classée dans le genre Cespa sous le basionyme Cespa aquatica Hill[5].
Ce taxon porte en français les noms vernaculaires ou normalisés suivants : ériocaulon aquatique[5], ériocaulon septangulaire[5], ériocaulon à sept angles[5],[6].
Eriocaulon aquaticum a pour synonymes[5] :
-
Cespa aquatica Hill
-
Eriocaulon articulatum (Huds.) Morong
-
Eriocaulon brevifolium Raf.
-
Eriocaulon pellucidum Michx.
-
Eriocaulon pellucidum f. clausenii Moldenke
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Eriocaulon pellucidum f. pumilum (Raf.) Moldenke
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Eriocaulon pumilum Raf.
-
Eriocaulon septangulare With.
-
Nasmythia articulata Huds.
-
Nasmythia septangularis (With.) Mart.
Notes et références
-
↑ a b c d et e Rook, Earl J., Eriocaulon aquaticum, 26 février 2004, consulté en ligne le 27 octobre 2010.
-
↑ a b c et d Eriocaulon aquaticum, Flora of North America, consulté en ligne le 27 octobre
-
↑ a b c d et e Poole, Robert W., Duckgrass, Neartica.com, consulté en ligne le 27 octobre 2010
-
↑ Plantes des lacs Charlebois et Des Sommets, Association pour la protection des lacs Charlebois et Des Sommets, consulté en ligne le 27 octobre 2010.
-
↑ a b c d e et f GBIF Secretariat. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org, consulté le 23 mai 2021
-
↑ Base de données mondiale de l'OEPP, https://gd.eppo.int, consulté le 23 mai 2021
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Eriocaulon aquaticum: Brief Summary
(
Fransèis
)
fornì da wikipedia FR
Eriocaulon aquaticum, l’Ériocaulon aquatique, Ériocaulon à sept angles ou Ériocaulon septangulaire, est une espèce de plante à fleurs des milieux aquatiques de l'Amérique du Nord et des îles Britanniques.
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Eriocaulon aquaticum
(
vietnamèis
)
fornì da wikipedia VI
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Eriocaulon aquaticum: Brief Summary
(
vietnamèis
)
fornì da wikipedia VI
Eriocaulon aquaticum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cỏ dùi trống. Loài này được (Hill) Druce mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1909.
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