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Excidobates captivus (Myers 1982)

Description ( Anglèis )

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Dendrobates captivus is one of the smallest known species of poison frogs, with adults measuring 15-17 mm in SVL. Adults are black with reddish-orange spots or dashes aligned dorsolaterally. Yellow dorsal spots present above armpits and groin. Ventral color black with irregular pale-yellow spots, typically occurring under the chin, under the thighs, and irregularly under the belly and chest. First finger shorter than second although well developed. Tadpole are pale gray and ovoid, with a labial tooth row formula of 2(2)/3(1).

Arferiment

  • Grant, T., Frost, D. R., Caldwell, J. P., Gagliardo, R., Haddad, C. F. B., Kok, P. J. R., Means, D. B., Noonan, B. P., Schargel, W. E., and Wheeler, W. C. (2006). ''Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae).'' Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, (299), 1-262.
  • Myers, C.W. (1982). ''Spotted poison frogs: Descriptions of three new Dendrobates from western Amazonia, and resurrection of a lost species from ''Chiriqui''.'' American Museum Novitates, 2721, 1-23.
  • Twomey, E. and Brown, J. L. (2008). ''Spotted poison frogs: rediscovery of a lost species and a new genus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from northwestern Peru.'' Herpetologica, 64, 121-137.

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Evan Twomey

Distribution and Habitat ( Anglèis )

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This species occurs in northwestern Peru in the valley between the Cordillera del Condor and Cerros de Campanquis. This species is known from two localities. The first is the mouth of the Rio Santiago, Amazonas, Peru. This is the type locality for the species and is a very wet lowland site. Here, D. captivus has been found at 213 m above sea level on both sides of Rio Marañón. The second locality is about 130 km southwest of the type locality, and is located in the Cordillera del Condor, about 20 km NNE of the type locality of Dendrobates mysteriosus, Santa Rosa, Cajamarca, Peru. The elevation of this site is unknown but likely exceeds 600 m. Dendrobates captivus may also occur in southern Ecuador, although further investigation is needed. Although this species has a relatively large distribution, it appears to be patchily distributed throughout its habitat.
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Evan Twomey

Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors ( Anglèis )

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The valley in which this species occurs is fairly undeveloped and consequently habitat destruction does not appear to be a major threat at the moment.
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Evan Twomey

Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors ( Anglèis )

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This species is primarily terrestrial, although it appears to deposit tadpoles in Heliconia axils. Tadpoles are transported singly on the back of the parent. The advertisement call consists of a short ‘shriek’ repeated irregularly for several minutes. Males call from concealed positions such as plant axils.
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Relation to Humans ( Anglèis )

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This species was rediscovered in 2006, 77 years after its original collection. Previous authors had allied this species to D. mysteriosus (Myers 1982) and Adelphobates (Grant et al. 2006). Twomey and Brown (2008) assigned this species to a new genus, Dendrobates, on the basis of molecular data and morphology. Dendrobates captivus is the sister taxon to D. mysteriosus, which form a clade sister to Ranitomeya.
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Excidobates captivus ( Alman )

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Excidobates captivus ist eine von bisher drei bekannten Arten der Gattung Excidobates und gehört der Familie der Baumsteigerfrösche (Dendrobatidae) an.

Merkmale

Excidobates captivus ist mit 15 bis 17 Millimetern Kopf-Rumpf-Länge eine der kleinsten bisher bekannten Baumsteigerfrösche. Ihr Körper ist schwarz und besitzt rötlich-orange Punkte und Flecken, die jeweils in einer Reihe beidseits des Rückens verlaufen. Oberhalb der Achseln und in der Leiste befinden sich weitere gelbe Flecken. Die Unterseite ist schwarz und trägt unregelmäßige blassgelbe Flecken. Diese befinden sich meistens an der Kehle und unter den Schenkeln, gelegentlich auch auf dem Bauch. Der erste Finger ist kürzer als der zweite, aber dennoch gut entwickelt. Der Frosch sondert über Hautdrüsen Gifte ab, weshalb er zu den schwach giftigen Pfeilgiftfröschen gezählt werden muss.

Die Kaulquappen sind blassgrau gefärbt und haben einen elliptisch geformten Körper.

Vorkommen

Die Art ist bislang nur an zwei Orten im Nordwesten Perus im Tal zwischen Cordillera del Cóndor und Cerros de Campanquis nachgewiesen worden: An der Mündung des Río Santiago und 130 Kilometer südwestlich in den Cordillera del Cóndor. Vermutlich ist die Art auch im Süden Ecuadors präsent, dies ist aber noch nicht hinreichend erforscht.

Lebensweise

Die Tiere leben vorwiegend am Boden. Die Eltern tragen ihre Larven zu Bromeliengewächsen, zwischen deren Blättern sich Wasseransammlungen bilden. Der Paarungsruf der Männchen besteht aus einem kurzen „schriek“, das unregelmäßig für mehrere Minuten wiederholt wird. Die Männchen rufen von versteckten Plätzen, wie etwa aus Blattachseln.

Systematik

Die Art wurde 1924 entdeckt, allerdings erst 1982 als eigene Art identifiziert und von Myers anhand eines einzelnen konservierten Museumsexemplars als Dendrobates captivus erstbeschrieben[1]. Gleichzeitig beschrieb Myers die syntop vorkommende Schwesterart Dendrobates mysteriosus. Beide Arten stellte er 1990 in die sogenannte Dendrobates captivus-Gruppe. Während es sich bei Dendrobates mysteriosus um einen rezenten Baumsteigerfrosch mit relativ gut untersuchter Biologie handelt, stammte der letzte Nachweis von Dendrobates captivus aus dem Jahr 1929. Erst 2008 erfolgte die Wiederentdeckung im Bereich der Typuslokalität. Twomey & Brown, die beiden Wiederentdecker, stellten aufgrund erkannter Monophylie die Gattung Excidobates mit den beiden Schwesterarten E. captivus und E. mysteriosus auf. Sie soll am nächsten mit der Gattung Ranitomeya verwandt sein.

Gefährdung

Aufgrund ungenügender Datenlage kann die Gefährdungssituation der Art derzeit nicht eingeschätzt werden (IUCN-Status: DD).[2]

Quellen

  • CITES (2005): Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Onlineversion: 11.08.05. Electronic Database
  • Grant, T., Frost, D. R., Caldwell, J. P., Gagliardo, R., Haddad, C. F. B., Kok, P. J. R., Means, D.B., Noonan, B. P., Schargel, W. E. & W. C. Wheeler (2006): Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia, Athesphatanura, Dendrobatidae). Bulletin of the Am.Mus.Nat.Hist. 299.
  • Myers, C. W. (1982): Spotted Poison Frogs: Descriptions of Three New Dendrobates from Western Amazonia, and Resurrection of a Lost Species from Chiriqui. Am. Mus. Nov. 2721: 1–23.
  • Schulte, R. (1999): Pfeilgiftfrösche – Artenteil Peru. Nikola Verlag, Stuttgart.
  • Twomey, E. & J. L. Brown (2008): Spotted Poison Frogs: Rediscovery of a Lost Species and a New Genus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from Northwestern Peru. Herpetologica 64 (1): 121–137.

Einzelnachweise

  1. C.W. Myers: Spotted Poison Frogs: Descriptions of Three New Dendrobates from Western Amazonia, and Resurrection of a Lost Species from Chiriqui. - American Museum Novitates 2721, 1982, Seite 1–23. Volltext (PDF; 5,3 MB)
  2. IUCN-Rote Liste
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Excidobates captivus: Brief Summary ( Alman )

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Excidobates captivus ist eine von bisher drei bekannten Arten der Gattung Excidobates und gehört der Familie der Baumsteigerfrösche (Dendrobatidae) an.

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Excidobates captivus ( Anglèis )

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Excidobates captivus, the Santiago poison frog[3] or Rio Santiago poison frog,[1][2] is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae.[2] It is endemic to northwestern Peru and southern Ecuador. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests.[1] This frog is black with rows of orange-red spots on its back and yellow spots underneath.[3]

Description

With an adult snout–vent length of 15 to 17 mm (0.6 to 0.7 in), Excidobates captivus is a very small species of poison frog. It is black with orange-red splotches arranged in a row down either side of the back. It also has small yellow spots above the armpit and groin and further pale yellow spots beneath the chin and scattered on the chest and belly and under the thighs. The first finger of the forelimb is considerably shorter than the second finger.[3]

Distribution

Excidobates captivus was first collected in 1929 from the south side of the Marañón River near its confluence with the Santiago River in northwestern Peru, a wet lowland site at an elevation of about 213 m (699 ft). It was rediscovered in the same locality some seventy-seven years later and a single specimen has also been observed on the north side of the Marañón River. It has also been found, at a higher altitude, in the Cordillera del Condor about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Santa Rosa and also near Panguintza in Zamora-Chinchipe Province in southern Ecuador, at an altitude of about 800 m (2,625 ft). The habitat is wet parts of primary forest and areas close to streams.[1][3]

Biology

Excidobates captivus is a diurnal, terrestrial frog. In the breeding season, the male advertises his presence by calling from hidden positions among low foliage, emitting short "shrieks" at irregular intervals. The eggs may be laid on the forest floor among leaf litter. The tadpoles are transported on the parent's back to phytotelmata, temporary pools of water, and may be deposited in the axils of Heliconia plants.[1][3]

Status

Excidobates captivus has been little studied but the remote terrain in which it is found means that its habitat is little disturbed. There is some small-scale gold-mining in the area but it is not known whether this affects the frog, the population of which seems stable. The species is common in certain parts of its range and it is thought that its total extent of occurrence may extend to an area of about 7,350 square kilometres (2,840 sq mi).

References

  1. ^ a b c d e IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Excidobates captivus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T55178A89200615. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T55178A89200615.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Excidobates captivus (Myers, 1982)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  3. ^ a b c d e Twomey, Evan (2008-05-20). "Excidobates captivus". AmphibiaWeb. Retrieved 2014-07-28.

Data related to Excitobates captivus at Wikispecies

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Excidobates captivus: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

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Excidobates captivus, the Santiago poison frog or Rio Santiago poison frog, is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to northwestern Peru and southern Ecuador. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. This frog is black with rows of orange-red spots on its back and yellow spots underneath.

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Excidobates captivus ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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Excidobates captivus[2][3][4]​ es una especie de anfibio anuro de la familia Dendrobatidae.

Distribución geográfica

Esta especie es endémica de la región amazónica del Perú. Se encuentra entre los 177 y 213 m sobre el nivel del mar en el valle entre la Cordillera del Cóndor y los cerros de Campanquis.[5]

Descripción

Excidobates captivus mide de 12 a 16 mm.

Publicación original

  • Myers, 1982: Spotted poison frogs : descriptions of three new Dendrobates from western Amazonia and resurrection of a lost species from "Chiriqui". American Museum novitates, n° 2721, p. 1-23[6]

Referencias

  1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2018). «Excidobates captivus». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2018.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2019.
  2. Catalogue of Life: Excidobates captivus (Myers, 1982) Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2019
  3. Animal Diversity Web: Excidobates captivus especie de anfibio anuro Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2019
  4. NCBI: Excidobates captivus especie de anfibio anuro Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2019
  5. AmphibiaWeb: Excidobates captivus (Myers, 1982) Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2019
  6. Amphibian Species of the World: Excidobates captivus (Myers, 1982) Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2019

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Excidobates captivus: Brief Summary ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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Excidobates captivus​​​ es una especie de anfibio anuro de la familia Dendrobatidae.

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Excidobates captivus ( Basch )

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Excidobates captivus Excidobates generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Dendrobatidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

Erreferentziak

Ikus, gainera

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Excidobates captivus: Brief Summary ( Basch )

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Excidobates captivus Excidobates generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Dendrobatidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

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Excidobates captivus ( Fransèis )

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Excidobates captivus est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Dendrobatidae[1].

Répartition

Cette espèce est endémique de la région d'Amazonas au Pérou[1]. Elle se rencontre de 177 à 213 m d'altitude dans la vallée entre la cordillère du Condor et les cerros de Campanquis[2].

Description

Excidobates captivus mesure de 12,5 à 16,8 mm[2].

Publication originale

  • Myers, 1982 : Spotted poison frogs : descriptions of three new Dendrobates from western Amazonia and resurrection of a lost species from "Chiriqui". American Museum novitates, no 2721, p. 1-23 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  1. a et b Amphibian Species of the World, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  2. a et b Twomey & Brown, 2008 : Spotted poison frogs: rediscovery of a lost species and a new genus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from northwestern Peru. Herpetologica, vol. 64, no 1, p. 121-137 (texte intégral).
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Excidobates captivus: Brief Summary ( Fransèis )

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Excidobates captivus est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Dendrobatidae.

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Excidobates captivus ( olandèis; flamand )

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Herpetologie

Excidobates captivus is een pijlgifkikkersoort uit de onderfamilie Dendrobatinae.[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Charles W. Myers in 1982 als Dendrobates captivus.[3]

De specimens waarop Myers zijn beschrijving baseerde waren reeds in 1929 verzameld door Harvey Bassler in de regio Amazonas in het noordwesten van Peru, bij de samenvloeiing van de Rio Santiago en de Rio Marañón. Men vermoedt dat deze soort enkel voorkomt in het laaggelegen regenwoud in de moeilijk toegankelijke vallei tussen de Cordillera del Condor en de Cerros de Campanquis in Amazonas, Peru en het zuiden van Ecuador.[4]

Het is een erg kleine kikker die een lichaamslengte bereikt van niet meer dan 16 millimeter.

Referenties
Bronnen
  • (en) - Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History - Excidobates captivus - Website Geconsulteerd 22 februari 2017
  • (en) - University of California - AmphibiaWeb - Excidobates captivus - Website
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Dendrobates captivus ( vietnamèis )

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Đây là một bài mồ côi vì không có hoặc có ít bài khác liên kết đến nó.
Xin hãy tạo liên kết đến bài này trong các bài của các chủ đề liên quan. (tháng 7 2018)


Dendrobates captivus (tên tiếng Anh: Rio Santiago Poison Frog) là một loài ếch thuộc họ Dendrobatidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Peru. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới. Trong vòng một thập kỷ qua, nó được đưa vào danh lục các loài bị đe doạ.

Chú thích

  1. ^ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2013). Excidobates captivus. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2012.1. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 7 năm 2014.
  2. ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). Excidobates captivus (Myers, 1982)”. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Truy cập ngày 1 tháng 8 năm 2014.

Tham khảo

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Dendrobates captivus: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

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Dendrobates captivus (tên tiếng Anh: Rio Santiago Poison Frog) là một loài ếch thuộc họ Dendrobatidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Peru. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới. Trong vòng một thập kỷ qua, nó được đưa vào danh lục các loài bị đe doạ.

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Крохотный древолаз ( russ; russi )

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Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Подкласс: Беспанцирные
Инфракласс: Batrachia
Надотряд: Прыгающие
Отряд: Бесхвостые
Подотряд: Neobatrachia
Семейство: Древолазы
Подсемейство: Dendrobatinae
Род: Excidobates
Вид: Крохотный древолаз
Международное научное название

Excidobates captivus (Myers, 1982)

Синонимы
  • Adelphobates captivus (Myers, 1982)
  • Dendrobates captivus Myers, 1982
  • Excidobates captivus Twomey et Brown, 2008
  • Ranitomeya captiva Bauer, 1988[1]
Охранный статус Wikispecies-logo.svg
Систематика
на Викивидах
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Поиск изображений
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ITIS 774027NCBI 467706EOL 1041116

Крохотный древолаз[2] (лат. Excidobates captivus) — вид бесхвостых земноводных из семейства древолазов, обитающий в Южной Америке.

Описание

Это один из самых маленьких видов амфибий — взрослые особи достигают 15—17 мм в длину. Взрослые особи чёрные с красно-оранжевыми пятнами. Жёлтые пятна на спине выше подмышки и в паху. Бледно-жёлтые пятна проходят на брюшной стороне под подбородком, под бёдрами и нерегулярно на животе и груди. Первый палец короче второго, хотя хорошо развит.

Головастик бледно-серый яйцевидный. Зубная формула 2(2)/3(1).

Распространение

Эндемик Перу, но также может встречаться на юге Эквадора. Обитает на поверхности во влажных лесах, но головастиков относит на спине на листья бромелиевых.

История открытия

Этот вид был повторно открыт в 2006 году, 77 лет спустя после первоначального обнаружения. Предыдущие авторы обозначали этот вид как D. mysteriosus (Myers 1982) или Adelphobates (Grant et al. 2006). Туми и Браун (2008) отнесли этот вид к новому роду, Dendrobates, на основе молекулярных данных и морфологии.

Примечания

  1. Excidobates captivus (Myers, 1982) — Amphibian Species of the World
  2. Ананьева Н. Б., Боркин Л. Я., Даревский И. С., Орлов Н. Л. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Амфибии и рептилии. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1988. — С. 49. — 10 500 экз.ISBN 5-200-00232-X.
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Крохотный древолаз: Brief Summary ( russ; russi )

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Крохотный древолаз (лат. Excidobates captivus) — вид бесхвостых земноводных из семейства древолазов, обитающий в Южной Америке.

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