The Banna caecilian, Ichthyophis bannanicus, is one of 44 species in the Asian caecilian genus Ichthyophis, (which, as per Nishikawa, Matsui and Yambun 2012 and Nishikawa et al. 2012 includes taxa previously contained in Caudacaecilia).This species is widespread in southeast Asia at altitudes of 100-600 m asl.It occurs commonly in Southern China, northern Vietnam, Laos, northeastern Thailand, and also thought to exist in Myanmar (Zigang et al. 2004; Nishikawa, Matsui and Orlov 2012; Frost 2016). The secret, underground life of Ichthyophis bannanicus and other caecelians means they are not often encountered, and little is known about their relationships and populations. Recent molecular analysis has shown that caecilians from southern Vietnam previously believed to be I. bannanicus are actually a newly described species, Ichthyophis nguyenorum (Nishikawa, Matsui and Orlov, 2012).Genetic barcoding techniques revealed several new Ichthyophis species in 2015, and brought the known number in Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam) from five to eight (Greiger et al. 2015).
Adult Banna caecelians are terrestrial and spend their time digging in moist, loose dirt near small forested streams, eating earthworms.They sometimes come out in vegetated parts along the edges of pools. They measure 32-38 cm in length, and have tiny eyes buried under the skin, and a sensory tentacle near each eye. Banna caecelians are brownish-black above, with a yellow stripe running laterally along each side of its body (Wang 1999). There are two types of coloration pattern in Ichthyophis: striped and not striped. While this characteristic has been shown to have no utility in classifying caecilians, it is useful for identification (Nishikawa, Matsui and Orlov, 2012).
During April to May females dig a shallow hole near water in which they lay about 30 eggs.The larvae are fully aquatic and feed on algae or plankton when small, later eating aquatic invertebrates. They have gills and a short tail with a fin that extends dorsally and around the ventral side of the tail.They use a lateral line on the sides of their head to sense water movement (Wang 1999).
Banna caecilians are found in disturbed habitats and cultivated fields, and the IUCN lists them as adaptable, widespread and “of least concern” for extinction (Zhigang et al. 2004).Wang (1999) however, suggests that populations have declined and are at high risk due to deforestation, pollution, and human activity.
Ichthyophis bannanicus és una espècie d'amfibis gimnofions de la família Ichthyophiidae. Habita a la Xina i, possiblement Laos, Myanmar i Vietnam. El seu hàbitat natural inclou boscos tropicals o subtropicals secs a baixa altitud, rius, corrents intermitents d'aigua, plantacions, jardins rurals, zones prèviament boscoses ara molt degradades, terres d'irrigació i terra cultivable inundada per estacions. Està amenaçada d'extinció per la pèrdua del seu hàbitat natural.
The Koh Tao Island caecilian (Ichthyophis kohtaoensis) is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae found in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. Also known as the Ichthyophis bannanicus, the Banna caecilian, it is also found in southern China.[3]
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, heavily degraded former forests, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land. It is threatened by habitat loss.[4]
The scientific name refers to Ko Tao Island in the Gulf of Siam, where the type specimen was collected.
The mitotic karyotypes of both the female and male Koh Tao caecilians have 21 pairs of chromosomes, although in a study performed by Nussbaum and Treisman, it was found that there was an inconsistent report of chromosomes. While they all may have the 21 chromosome pairs, there was a study that found they have 18 metacentric, 4 submetacentric, and 20 telocentric chromosomes while another study had found 16 metacentric, 6 submetacentric, and 20 telocentric chromosomes in the caecilians.[5] The conclusion that Ichthyophis genus is a karyologically conserved taxa when it comes to looking at the chromosome numbers.
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Specimen of Ichthyophis bannanicus in National Museum of Natural Science in Taiwan The Koh Tao Island caecilian (Ichthyophis kohtaoensis) is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae found in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. Also known as the Ichthyophis bannanicus, the Banna caecilian, it is also found in southern China.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, heavily degraded former forests, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The scientific name refers to Ko Tao Island in the Gulf of Siam, where the type specimen was collected.
Ichthyophis bannanicus es una especie de anfibio gimnofión de la familia Ichthyophiidae.
Las larvas llevan una vida acuática, y presentan una cola corta que cuenta con una semialeta cuadal comprimida lateralmente que, desde la parte dorsal de la cola, se enrosca ventralmente en su punta. Cuentan en cada lado del cuello con lo que parece ser una hendidura branquial llamada «espiráculo branquial», que abarca el área de las tres branquias propiamente dichas. Presentan línea lateral en cada lado de la cabeza y del cuello.[2] La línea lateral cuenta con neuromastos mecanorreceptores y órganos ampulares electrorreceptores. Los neuromastos pueden ser o bien superficiales o bien receptores de infrarrojos. Durante el desarrollo, la regresión de la línea lateral se produce al tiempo que la del espiráculo branquial, y ambos se hallan ausentes en los ejemplares juveniles.[3]
El adulto cuenta con un tentáculo en cada lado de la cara, entre el ojo y la narina. Tiene 360 pliegues cutáneos en forma de anillo a lo largo del cuerpo. La coloración es negra parduzca en el dorso y amarilla en los flancos.[2]
Habita en China: se halla en el distrito de Yingjiang (provincia de Anhui), en Xishuangbanna, en el sur de Yunnan, en el sur de Guangxi y en el sur de Cantón. Habita también en el Vietnam.[2]
Tal vez habite también en Laos y en Birmania.
Su hábitat natural incluye bosques tropicales o subtropicales secos a baja altitud, ríos, corrientes intermitentes de agua, plantaciones, jardines rurales, zonas previamente boscosas ahora muy degradadas, tierras de irrigación y tierra cultivable de inundación estacional.
Parece estar en riesgo de extinción por la pérdida de su hábitat natural, debida a los cultivos, la deforestación y la contaminación, pero no hay datos suficientes sobre ello.[2]
Ichthyophis bannanicus es una especie de anfibio gimnofión de la familia Ichthyophiidae.
Las larvas llevan una vida acuática, y presentan una cola corta que cuenta con una semialeta cuadal comprimida lateralmente que, desde la parte dorsal de la cola, se enrosca ventralmente en su punta. Cuentan en cada lado del cuello con lo que parece ser una hendidura branquial llamada «espiráculo branquial», que abarca el área de las tres branquias propiamente dichas. Presentan línea lateral en cada lado de la cabeza y del cuello. La línea lateral cuenta con neuromastos mecanorreceptores y órganos ampulares electrorreceptores. Los neuromastos pueden ser o bien superficiales o bien receptores de infrarrojos. Durante el desarrollo, la regresión de la línea lateral se produce al tiempo que la del espiráculo branquial, y ambos se hallan ausentes en los ejemplares juveniles.
El adulto cuenta con un tentáculo en cada lado de la cara, entre el ojo y la narina. Tiene 360 pliegues cutáneos en forma de anillo a lo largo del cuerpo. La coloración es negra parduzca en el dorso y amarilla en los flancos.
Habita en China: se halla en el distrito de Yingjiang (provincia de Anhui), en Xishuangbanna, en el sur de Yunnan, en el sur de Guangxi y en el sur de Cantón. Habita también en el Vietnam.
Tal vez habite también en Laos y en Birmania.
Su hábitat natural incluye bosques tropicales o subtropicales secos a baja altitud, ríos, corrientes intermitentes de agua, plantaciones, jardines rurales, zonas previamente boscosas ahora muy degradadas, tierras de irrigación y tierra cultivable de inundación estacional.
Parece estar en riesgo de extinción por la pérdida de su hábitat natural, debida a los cultivos, la deforestación y la contaminación, pero no hay datos suficientes sobre ello.
Ichthyophis bannanicus Ichthyophis generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Ichthyophiidae familian sailkatuta dago, Gymnophiona ordenan.
Ichthyophis bannanicus Ichthyophis generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Ichthyophiidae familian sailkatuta dago, Gymnophiona ordenan.
Ichthyophis bannanicus est une espèce de gymnophiones de la famille des Ichthyophiidae[1].
Cette espèce se rencontre dans le nord du Viêt Nam et dans le sud de la Chine au Guangdong, au Guangxi et au Yunnan[1].
Sa présence en Birmanie et au Laos est incertaine.
Ichthyophis bannanicus est une espèce de gymnophiones de la famille des Ichthyophiidae.
Ichthyophis bannanicus é um anfíbio gimnofiono da família Ichthyophiidae nativa da China e possivelmente presente no Laos, Myanmar e Vietname.
Esta espécie está presente nas províncias de Yunnan, Guangxi e Guangdong no sul da China, entre as alturas de 100 a 600 m acima do nível do mar. A sua presença nos outros países é incerta.[2]
Os adultos desta espécies vivem debaixo da terra em florestas, riachos, ribeiros e campos cultivados próximos de fontes de água. A espécie é ovípara, pondo os seus ovos em terra, mas as larvas são aquáticas.[2]
Ichthyophis bannanicus é um anfíbio gimnofiono da família Ichthyophiidae nativa da China e possivelmente presente no Laos, Myanmar e Vietname.
Ếch giun Bản Nạp (danh pháp hai phần: Ichthyophis bannanicus) là một loài ếch giun thuộc chi Ichthyophis. Loài này sinh sống ở Trung Quốc (các tỉnh Vân Nam, Quảng Tây, Quảng Đông), có thể có ở Lào, Myanma, Việt Nam. Môi trường sinh sống của chúng ở các khu vực nhiệt đới và cận nhiệt đới, trong các ao hồ, sông, vùng ngập nước. Chúng đang bị đe doạ bởi mất nơi sinh sống.
Phương tiện liên quan tới Ichthyophis bannanicus tại Wikimedia Commons
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Ếch giun Bản Nạp (danh pháp hai phần: Ichthyophis bannanicus) là một loài ếch giun thuộc chi Ichthyophis. Loài này sinh sống ở Trung Quốc (các tỉnh Vân Nam, Quảng Tây, Quảng Đông), có thể có ở Lào, Myanma, Việt Nam. Môi trường sinh sống của chúng ở các khu vực nhiệt đới và cận nhiệt đới, trong các ao hồ, sông, vùng ngập nước. Chúng đang bị đe doạ bởi mất nơi sinh sống.
版纳鱼螈（Ichthyophis bannanicus）是两栖纲鱼螈科的一种动物，为中國特有的一种蚓螈。
身体呈蠕虫状，长约40厘米；头部扁平如铲状，眼呈点状，隐藏于皮膜下；皮肤光滑，多黏液；深棕色背部，有蜡光，体侧从眼后至肛侧各有一条棕黄色纵带，浅棕色腹部；颈部腹面有3条颈沟；躯干部有环褶328～381个，尾巴很短，仅有4个环褶；身体前半部的环褶之间有细鳞两行，后部三或四行。
版纳鱼螈棲息於亞熱帶或熱帶的潮濕低地森林、河流、間歇河、農場、鄉村花園、嚴重砍伐的前森林、灌溉地及季節氾濫農地。棲息地的减少是其面临的主要威脅。
