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Shepherdsneedle

Scandix pecten-veneris L.

Biology

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This annual plant tends to germinate in October and early November (2), and flowers between May and August (1). The seeds are not able to stay dormant for long, so the plant is at risk of local extinction during times of unsuitable habitat management (2).
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Conservation

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This plant is a UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UKBAP) priority species. Plantlife, the wild plant conservation charity, is the lead partner responsible for coordinating the implementation of the Species Action Plan devised to guide the conservation of shepherd's needle. This plan aims to maintain the current range of the plant and to aid the recolonisation of former sites. A further proposal is the establishment of an ex-situ population, which would provide a source for potential reintroductions, and preserve the genetic diversity of the species (2).
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Description

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Shepherd's needle is a member of the carrot family (3), has highly divided 'frizzy' pinnate leaves and produces tiny white flowers arranged in clusters called umbels (1). The fruits can reach up to 80 mm in length and are long, narrow and pointed; it is these structures that the common name refers to (1). The Latin name pecten-veneris means 'Venus's comb'; this name arose because the fruits tend to be arranged side-by-side, and were thought to look like a comb (4).
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Habitat

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Inhabits arable fields, wasteland and coastal sites subject to disturbance, and shows a preference for heavy clay soils (2).
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Range

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Once known throughout much of the UK, and considered common until the 1950s (5), this species has suffered a precipitous decline and is now restricted to the south and east of England (2). Elsewhere, the species occurs in Europe reaching north to Denmark and west to the UK, it has also declined in eastern and north-western Europe (2).
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Status

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Classified as Nationally Scarce in Great Britain (2).
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Threats

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Like many arable 'weed' species, shepherd's needle has suffered as a result of agricultural changes including the use of chemical fertilisers and herbicides, changes in crop rotation practices, the loss of field-margins and the introduction of highly competitive types of crops (2). A particular threat seems to have been stubble burning, which was banned in the early 1990s. Since the ban there is some evidence to suggest that the species has begun to recover in some areas (5).
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Distribution in Egypt

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Mediterranean region.

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Global Distribution

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Europe, Mediterranean region, western Asia, Northwest India.

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Associations

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Foodplant / parasite
cleistothecium of Erysiphe heraclei parasitises live Scandix pecten-veneris

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Comments

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Venus’s Comb is a very common species from the plains to 2000 m during the spring season.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Plants up to 25 cm tall, pubescent or glabrescent, Leaves tripinnatisect; segments 1-4 mm long, linear; leaf bases sheathing; sheath margin ciliate or entire. Umbels terminal and lateral. Involucre of 1 linear bract or lacking. Rays 1-3, 1-2 (-4.) cm long. Involucel of several lanceolate, oval or ovate, ciliate bractlets, entire or incised at the apex. Fruit shortly pedicellate, 2.5-3.5 cm long; margin bristly; beak 2-3 times as long as the seed; style 1 mm long, twice as long as the stylopodium; furrows I-vittate; commissure 2-vittate; vittae minute. Inner seed face deeply sulcate.
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Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Distribution

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Distribution: Europe, Asia, and in Australia, North and South America as an alien.
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Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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RM, VII, VIII, IX
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Scandix pecten-veneris ( Asturian )

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Scandix pecten-veneris ye una planta de la familia de les apiacees.

Descripción

El peñe de Venus (Scandix pecten-veneris) ye una especie delgada, espaciadamente pelosa, bien ramosa, añal, d'hasta 50 cm. Fueyes bi-tripinnaes con lóbulos lliniales. Umbeles con 1-3 radios primarios con bráctees xeneralmente ausentes; bractéolas visibles, más llargues que los cabillos, persistentes. Flores blanques, pétalos oblongos, desiguales y con ápiz agudu y incurváu. Frutu grande, robustu, 1,5-8 cm, con picu 3-4 vegaes más llargu que la parte portadora de grana del frutu. Floria en primavera y branu.

Hábitat

Habita en campos de cultivu y ribazos.

Distribución

Nel oeste, centru y sur d'Europa.

Taxonomía

Scandix pecten-veneris describióse por Carolus Linnaeus y espublizóse en Species Plantarum 1: 256–257. 1753.[1]

Nome común

  • Castellanu: aguya, aguya de Venus, aguya de pastor, aguya del pastor, agujillas, afuega gatos, afuega-vieyes, anfileres, anfileres de bruxa, anfileres de pastor, alfilerillo, almarza, araña muerta, arguijo, caxón de pollín, escandice, yerba del anís, hinojillo cantu, peñe de Venus, peñe de pastor, peñe de pastora, peñe del pastor, peinecillos, peinera, peinetera, perejilillo, quixones amargosos.[2]

Referencies

  1. «Scandix pecten-veneris». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultáu'l 1 d'ochobre de 2012.
  2. «Scandix pecten-veneris». Real Xardín Botánicu: Proyeutu Anthos. Consultáu'l 2 d'ochobre de 2012.

Bibliografía

  1. Abrams, L. 1951. Geraniums to Figworts. 3: 866 pp. In L. Abrams Ill. Fl. Pacific States. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
  2. Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
  3. Gleason, H. A. 1968. The Choripetalous Dicotyledoneae. vol. 2. 655 pp. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. O.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
  4. Gleason, H. A. & A. J. Cronquist. 1991. Man. Vasc. Pl. N.Y. O.S. (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
  5. Hickman, J. C. 1993. Jepson Man.: Higher Pl. Calif. i–xvii, 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  6. Hitchcock, C. H., A. J. Cronquist, F. M. Ownbey & J. W. Thompson. 1961. Saxifragaceae to Ericaceae. Part III: 614pp. In Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W.. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
  7. Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogu de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157.
  8. Munz, P. A. 1974. Fl. S. Calif. 1–1086. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  9. Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  10. Nasir, Y. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980-2005. Fl. Pakistan Univ. of Karachi, Karachi.
  11. Radford, A. Y., H. Y. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Enllaces esternos

Cymbidium Clarisse Austin 'Best Pink' Flowers 2000px.JPG Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Botánica, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies.
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Scandix pecten-veneris: Brief Summary ( Asturian )

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Scandix pecten-veneris

Scandix pecten-veneris ye una planta de la familia de les apiacees.

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Agulles de pastor ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Les agulles de pastor o dits de bruixa[1] (Scandix pecten-veneris), l'epítet del nom científic fa referència a pinta de Venus. És una espècie de planta dins d'Apiaceae la família de la pastanaga. És originària d'Euràsia, oest, centre i sud d'Europa i també a tots els Països Catalans,[2] i actualment ha estat introduïda a molts llocs i de vegades es considera una mala herba. Rep el nom d'agulles pels seus llargs fruits que fan un gruix d'1,5 cm i amb un bec de 7 cm. Planta anual que fa de 10 a 40 cm d'alt i floreix de febrer a juliol. Als Països Catalans viu sobretot en camps de cereals sobre sòls eutròfics, des del nivell del mar als 1.350 metres.

Referències

  1. Vallés i Xirau, Joan (dir.). «Noms de plantes». Barcelona: TERMCAT, Centre de Terminologia, cop. (Diccionaris en Línia), 2009.
  2. Bolòs, Oriol; Vigo, Josep. Flora dels Països Catalans. Ed. Barcino. Barcelona, 1984. ISBN 9788472265974.

Enllaços externs

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Agulles de pastor: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Les agulles de pastor o dits de bruixa (Scandix pecten-veneris), l'epítet del nom científic fa referència a pinta de Venus. És una espècie de planta dins d'Apiaceae la família de la pastanaga. És originària d'Euràsia, oest, centre i sud d'Europa i també a tots els Països Catalans, i actualment ha estat introduïda a molts llocs i de vegades es considera una mala herba. Rep el nom d'agulles pels seus llargs fruits que fan un gruix d'1,5 cm i amb un bec de 7 cm. Planta anual que fa de 10 a 40 cm d'alt i floreix de febrer a juliol. Als Països Catalans viu sobretot en camps de cereals sobre sòls eutròfics, des del nivell del mar als 1.350 metres.

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Nodwydd y bugail ( Welsh )

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Planhigyn blodeuol ydy Nodwydd y bugail sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Apiaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Scandix pecten-veneris a'r enw Saesneg yw Shepherd's needle. Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Crib Gwener, Creithig, Crib Mair, Greithwar a Phencnell a phicod.

Mae'n frodorol o eurasia ond cafodd ei gyflwyno i sawl gwlad y tu allan i'r fan honno, lle caiff ei ystyried yn chwynyn ar adegau.

Mae'r ffrwyth yn hir, oddeutu 1.5 – 7 cm, gyda blew bras arno.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

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Nodwydd y bugail: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Planhigyn blodeuol ydy Nodwydd y bugail sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Apiaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Scandix pecten-veneris a'r enw Saesneg yw Shepherd's needle. Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Crib Gwener, Creithig, Crib Mair, Greithwar a Phencnell a phicod.

Mae'n frodorol o eurasia ond cafodd ei gyflwyno i sawl gwlad y tu allan i'r fan honno, lle caiff ei ystyried yn chwynyn ar adegau.

Mae'r ffrwyth yn hir, oddeutu 1.5 – 7 cm, gyda blew bras arno.

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Vochlice hřebenitá ( Czech )

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 src=
Ilustrace vochlice hřebenité

Vochlice hřebenitá (Scandix pecten-veneris) je jednoletá, plevelná bylina, jediný druh rodu vochlice, který v české přírodě roste. Tento archeofyt se v ČR vyskytuje jen příležitostně, je vzácný a je považován za rostlinu ohroženou vyhynutím.[1][2]

Rozšíření

Je původním druhem v Evropě, v Jihozápadní a Střední Asii, na Kavkaze a indickém subkontinentu i v Severní Africe a v Mararonézii. Zavlečen byl do Severní a Jižní Ameriky, Východní Asie i Austrálie.

V české krajině rostl v minulosti v teplejších oblastech, především v Českém středohoří, Poohří, Polabí, v okolí Prahy, v Dyjsko-svrateckém úvalu a na Hané, později se začal z polí vytrácet a začal být považován i za nezvěstný. Před několika léty byl v malém počtu pozorován u Tuchoměřic v okrese Praha-západ.[1][2][3]

Ekologie

Roste na pastvinách, úhorech, na okraji polí i jako plevel v polích. Vykvétá od dubna do července, někdy za příhodných podmínek ještě podruhé na podzim. Na půdu je tato byliny poměrně náročná, obvykle se vyskytuje v těžké slínité či ulehlé vápnité zemině. Rychlý vývoj rostliny spadá do vlhčího jarního období, poměrně dobře roste i na později suchých stanovištích.[1][2][4]

Popis

Jednoletá rostlina s přímou nebo vystoupavou, 20 až 30 cm vysokou lodyhou vyrůstající z tenkého, vřetenovitého kořene. Lodyha je rozkladitě větvená, v průřezu oblá, jemně rýhovaná a bývá lysá nebo krátce štětinatě chlupatá. Přízemní listy (až 7 ks) jsou dlouze řapíkaté, lodyžním listům (až 5 ks) se řapíky postupně zkracují a horní listy jsou pochvatě přisedlé. Všechny listy jsou vejčitě trojúhelníkovité, dvou až trojnásobně zpeřené a jejich čárkovité úkrojky jsou zašpičatělé.

Květenství tvoří krátce stopkatý okolík, obvykle složený ze tři okolíčků na tenkých a lysých stopkách, které mívají v průměru po deseti květech. Obaly chybí, obalíčky z neopadavých dvou až trojklaných listenů, obvykle v počtu pěti, jsou delší než květní stopky. Pětičetné květy jsou částečně oboupohlavné a částečně samčí jen s prašníky. Korunní plátky jsou bílé, obvejčité, a okrajové jsou zvětšené a paprskují. Blizny bývají opylovány hmyzem přinášejícím pyl z cizích květů, nebo pylem vysypaným z vlastních prašníků. Ploidie druhu je 2n = 16.

Plody jsou lesklé, tmavě hnědé nažky protažené v jehlicovitý, až 7 cm dlouhý zobáček. Při dozrávání nažky od středního sloupku daleko odskakují.[1][2][4][5][6]

Význam

Druh je považován za jen mírně nebezpečný plevel, který nejčastěji roste v jarním a ozimém obilí nebo v jeteli. V současnosti je díky používání herbicidů a hlubokému zpracovávání půdy ve Střední Evropě na ústupů.[2][7]

Ohrožení

Vochlice hřebenitá je dnes v České republice považována za kriticky ohrožený druh (C1),[8] ve starších klasifikacích byla hodnocena již jako vyhynulý druh (A1).[9]

Galerie

Reference

  1. a b c d HOSKOVEC, Ladislav. BOTANY.cz: Vochlice hřebenitá [online]. O. s. Přírodovědná společnost, BOTANY.cz, rev. 08.05.2008 [cit. 2016-08-10]. Dostupné online. (česky)
  2. a b c d e DVOŘÁK, Václav. Natura Bohemica: Vochlice hřebenitá [online]. Natura Bohemica, Olomouc, rev. 06.06.2012 [cit. 2016-08-10]. Dostupné online. (česky)
  3. HASSLER, M. Catalogue of Life 2016: Scandix pecten-veneris [online]. Naturalis biodiverzity Center, Leiden, NL, rev. 2016 [cit. 2016-08-10]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)
  4. a b BERTOVÁ, Lydia. Flóra Slovenska IV/1: Česák hrebenitý [online]. VEDA, Vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava, SK, 1984 [cit. 2016-08-10]. S. 216-219. Dostupné online. (slovensky)
  5. FRÖBERG, Lars. Flora Nordica: Apiaceae: Scandix pecten-veneris [online]. Flora Nordica, Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm, SE, rev. 16.07.2008 [cit. 2016-08-10]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)
  6. Wilde planten: Scandix pecten-veneris [online]. Wilde planten in Nederland en België, NL [cit. 2016-08-10]. Dostupné online. (nizozemsky)
  7. DEYL, Miloš. Plevele polí a zahrad. Ilustrace Otto Ušák. Praha: Československá akademie věd, 1956. 384 s. HSV 38873/55/SV3/6423. Kapitola Vochlice hřebenitá, s. 207-208.
  8. GRULICH, Vít. Red List of vascular plants of the Czech Republic: 3rd edition. Preslia [online]. Botanický ústav, AV ČR, Průhonice, 2012 [cit. 10.08.2016]. Roč. 84, čís. 3, s. 631-645. Dostupné online. ISSN 0032-7786. (anglicky)
  9. PROCHÁZKA, František. Černý a červený seznam cévnatých rostlin České republiky [online]. Praha: Agentura ochrany přírody a krajiny ČR, 2001 [cit. 2016-08-10]. Dostupné online. ISBN 80-86064-52-2. (česky)

Externí odkazy

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Vochlice hřebenitá: Brief Summary ( Czech )

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 src= Ilustrace vochlice hřebenité

Vochlice hřebenitá (Scandix pecten-veneris) je jednoletá, plevelná bylina, jediný druh rodu vochlice, který v české přírodě roste. Tento archeofyt se v ČR vyskytuje jen příležitostně, je vzácný a je považován za rostlinu ohroženou vyhynutím.

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Venuskamm ( German )

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Dieser Artikel behandelt den Doldenblütler. Für die gleichnamige Schnecke siehe Venuskammschnecke.

Der Venuskamm (Scandix pecten-veneris), auch als Nadelkerbel oder Nadelkörbel[1] bezeichnet, ist eine einjährige Pflanzenart, die zur Familie der Doldenblütler (Apiaceae) gehört. Die senkrecht und parallel zueinander abstehenden Früchte erinnern an einen Kamm, daher stammt der wissenschaftliche Artname (lat. pecten veneris „Kamm der Venus“).

Beschreibung

 src=
Illustration
 src=
Blütenstand

Vegetative Merkmale

Der Venuskamm ist eine einjährige krautige Pflanze und erreicht Wuchshöhen von 10 bis 40 Zentimetern. Die verzweigten, fein gerillten Stängel sind zerstreut borstig behaart.

Die Blattspreite ist zwei- bis dreifach fein gefiedert.

Generative Merkmale

Die Blütezeit reicht von Mai bis Juli. Die weißen Blüten sind zu doldigen Blütenständen angeordnet.

Es werden Doppelachänen gebildet. Charakteristisch sind die 2 bis 8 Zentimeter langen, geschnäbelten Früchte. Der abgeflachte Schnabel ist dabei zwei- bis sechsmal so lang wie der basale, samentragende Teil der Frucht.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 16.[2]

Ökologie

Der Venuskamm ist ein sommerannueller Therophyt.

Die beiden Teilfrüchte springen bei der Reife plötzlich ab. Im Zentrum des Fruchtstandes bleiben kleinere Früchte stehen und werden erst im Herbst mit der ganzen, durch Wind ausgerissenen Pflanze ausgebreitet (sogenannte Heterokarpie).

Verbreitung

Das Verbreitungsgebiet umfasst Makaronesien, Nordafrika, Süd- und Mitteleuropa, Großbritannien, Irland, Dänemark, Schweden, die Ukraine, Westasien, Zentralasien, den Kaukasusraum, Indien und Pakistan.[3] Mit Hauptvorkommen im Mittelmeerraum ist der Venuskamm vermutlich erst durch den Getreideanbau auch nach Mitteleuropa gelangt (also ein Archäophyt). Die früher in Mitteleuropa als Acker„unkraut“ häufigere Art ist mit Intensivierung des Ackerbaues stark zurückgegangen und in Deutschland meist nur noch selten, gebietsweise auch ausgestorben. Im Mittelmeerraum und in Westasien hat der Venuskamm ein breiteres ökologisches Spektrum und kommt auch auf Weideland und in ruderalen Therophyten-Gesellschaften häufig vor.[4]

Er gedeiht am besten auf mäßig trockenen, sommerwarmen, meist kalkhaltigen Ton- und Lehmböden. Er ist gebietsweise in Mitteleuropa eine Charakterart des Caucalido-Scandicetum aus dem Caucalidion-Verband.[2]

Literatur

  • Ruprecht Düll, Herfried Kutzelnigg: Botanisch-ökologisches Exkursionstaschenbuch. 3. Aufl. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg u. a. 1988, ISBN 3-494-01177-X.
  • M. Hanf: Farbatlas Feldflora. E. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990. ISBN 3-8001-4074-8
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs. Band 4: Spezieller Teil (Spermatophyta, Unterklasse Rosidae): Haloragaceae bis Apiaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3315-6.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Nadelkörbel, Lateinisch Scandix. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler: Grosses vollständiges Universal-Lexicon Aller Wissenschafften und Künste. Band 23, Leipzig 1740, Sp. 327 f.
  2. a b Erich Oberdorfer: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora für Deutschland und angrenzende Gebiete. Unter Mitarbeit von Angelika Schwabe und Theo Müller. 8., stark überarbeitete und ergänzte Auflage. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5, S. 703.
  3. Scandix im Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Abgerufen am 18. Mai 2018.
  4. A. J. Pujadas Salvá: Scandix in Santiago Castroviejo, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, Stephen L Jury, Alberto Herrero Nieto (Hrsg.): Flora Ibérica. Plantas Vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Volume X. Araliaceae–Umbelliferae. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid 2003, ISBN 84-00-08150-1, S. 80.
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Venuskamm: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE
 src= Dieser Artikel behandelt den Doldenblütler. Für die gleichnamige Schnecke siehe Venuskammschnecke.

Der Venuskamm (Scandix pecten-veneris), auch als Nadelkerbel oder Nadelkörbel bezeichnet, ist eine einjährige Pflanzenart, die zur Familie der Doldenblütler (Apiaceae) gehört. Die senkrecht und parallel zueinander abstehenden Früchte erinnern an einen Kamm, daher stammt der wissenschaftliche Artname (lat. pecten veneris „Kamm der Venus“).

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Venuskamm ( Alemannic )

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Dialäkt: Elsassisch-Mehlhüserisch

D’r Àckerschtrahl (Scandix pecten-veneris) o gnännt Venusschtrahl odder Noodelkärwalakrüt esch a aijahriga Pflànza-n-àrt, wu zu d’r Fàmelia vu da Dolterbliatler ghert. Sehr ämpfendlig warend da ungenschtiga Johreszitta wia Treckana odder Froscht dian sa licht àbschtarwa drum wara sa zu da Therophita gezehlt, dänn seh hann a wàsseràrmer Sohma, wu en d’r Kälta un en d’r Treckana üsschteht un em Friahjohr vu Näijem uffwackst.

S’Wàcksort

Hàuiptsachlig befendet sech dia Pflànza em Mettelmeerràuim, awer schu um da 1600 hàtt ma sa känna àm maischta beobàchte en da Kornfalder um Bàsel umma, em Ditschlànd esch sa nonet bekànnt gseh, àwer en Hollànd àn gwessana Orta hàtt ma sa schu känna fenda. Schinbàr esch’sa en Europà igfiart worra unter da sammtliga igfiarta Gedraita, so dàss ma sa hiffig en da Kornfalder un em truckana Lànd bemärkt hàtt. Hett zu Tàgs esch dàss d’r Fàll nemma. Durch d'Üssrottung vu da Unkritter em Pflànzgebiat fendet ma d’r Àckerschtrahl numma noch en da brochlegenda Falder en da Beschunga odder en da Biogarta.

 src=
D’r Àckerschtrahl
Blüama un Sohma

D’Beschriwung

D’r Àckerschtrahl bliahjt vu Mai bis Àuigscht, un wàckst bis uff 1700 m Hecha. S’esch a Johrespflànza un bschteht üss zwai Gschlachter wu vu 10 bis 40 zm groos wara.

  • s’groosa Gschlacht hàt klaina wissa un holziga Wurzla. D’Blättla senn brait, Sàttgrian un met mehrera Schnettla zertailt, ar bliahjt met klaina Krenla vu wissa Bliamla, un wänn dia verbliahia kumma lànga schtorkaschnàwelàrtiga Schtangla noh, dàss esch d’r Sohma.
  • s’klainra Gschlacht hàtt a fin làng Werzala un d’Bliamla sen dàsmohl grianlacht un s’Pflanzla esch betterer un schmäckt schtärcker Peterla-n-àrtig.

D’r Verbrüch

Noodelkärwalakrüt odder Àckerschtrahl esch àbträcknungsfähig, änzendungslendernt un wàsseràbfiarend.

  • D’r Ennerliga Verbrüch : D’junga Krittla känna wia d’r Peterla ràuih mett’m Sàlad gmescht seh. Ràuih g’gassa odder Kocht esch dàss Krittla em Mààga un Büch netzlig un tribt d’r Hàrn awag. Àls Tee gsotta z’morga un z'owa viar Unza vertribt àlla Verschtupfunga, un regelmasig getruncka diant en da Niara, Bloosa un Lawra. D’r Sohma vermàhla un em Ässig iglägt hailt unter ànderem un uff d’Schtund d’r Gluxer. Dàss Krittla wänn’s em Biar odder em Wi iglägt esch un z’morga un z’owa getruncka esch tribt d’r versàndana Hàrn gwàltig furt, rainigt d’Niara, Hàrngang un Bloosa vu Sànd, Grias un Schlihm.
  • d’r üsserliga Verbrüch : Zwaidretel Grians vum Groosa-n-Àckerschtrahl un a Dretel vum klaina met d’r Wurzla em Bààdwàsser lendert Landaschmarza.

Ergend a schmarzend Ort vum Kärwer kà ma lendra met ma haissa-n-Umschlàg vu Zwaidretel Àckerschtrahl un a Dretel Peterla àbroota enra pfànna met a wenig Butter un Wi so haiss àss zum üsshàlta esch en ma Linatiachla igweckelt. Dàss soll s’verschtàndana Hàrn äntfärna.

  • Wàrnung. Dia Rezapter solla net Schtàndhàft gnumma wara se senn üssgezooga vum KRÄUTERBUCH VON JACOBUS THEODORUS "TABERNAEMONTANUS" ANNO 1625 un kännta nem gànz ewerains schtemma mett d’r hettiga Àrznäi. Drumm fer a necherer Ufschluss war’s güat sech àn si Hüssdokter odder Àpotheker wanda.

Literatür

  • R. Düll, H. Kutzelnigg: Botanisch-ökologisches Exkursionstaschenbuch. 3. Aufl. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg u. a. 1988, ISBN 3-494-01177-X.
  • M. Hanf: Farbatlas Feldflora. E. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990. ISBN 3-8001-4074-8
  • O. Sebald, S. Seybold, G. Philippi (Hrsg.): Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Bd. 4. E. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3315-6.

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Venuskamm: Brief Summary ( Alemannic )

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D’r Àckerschtrahl (Scandix pecten-veneris) o gnännt Venusschtrahl odder Noodelkärwalakrüt esch a aijahriga Pflànza-n-àrt, wu zu d’r Fàmelia vu da Dolterbliatler ghert. Sehr ämpfendlig warend da ungenschtiga Johreszitta wia Treckana odder Froscht dian sa licht àbschtarwa drum wara sa zu da Therophita gezehlt, dänn seh hann a wàsseràrmer Sohma, wu en d’r Kälta un en d’r Treckana üsschteht un em Friahjohr vu Näijem uffwackst.

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Wajdim ( Kabyle )

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Wajdim (Isem usnan: Scandix pecten-veneris) d talmest n yemɣi seg twacult n wapiaceae Suqel. Carl Von Linné d amdan amezwaru i yuran fell-as deg useggas n 1753.

 src=
Scandix pecten-veneris - Wajdim[1]
 src=
Scandix pecten-veneris - Wajdim

Ismawen

  • Isem-is s latinit: Scandix pecten-veneris
  • Isem-is s tefransist: Peigne de venus, Aiguillette
  • Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit:
  • Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt:

Isseqdac

Tiwelhiwin

  1. 'Imɣan n Tensawt - Plantes de Kabylie ' - Saïd Zidat - Editions Innexsys, Luxembourg, Avril 2016 ISBN 978-99959-0-205-6 www.imghantensawt.lu
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Wajdim: Brief Summary ( Kabyle )

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Wajdim (Isem usnan: Scandix pecten-veneris) d talmest n yemɣi seg twacult n wapiaceae Suqel. Carl Von Linné d amdan amezwaru i yuran fell-as deg useggas n 1753.

 src= Scandix pecten-veneris - Wajdim  src= Scandix pecten-veneris - Wajdim
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Scandix pecten-veneris

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Scandix pecten-veneris (shepherd's-needle, Venus' comb, Stork's needle) is a species of edible plant belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is native to Eurasia, but is known to occur elsewhere. It is named for its long fruit, which has a thickened body up to 1.5 centimeters long and a beak which can measure up to 7 centimeters long and is lined with comblike bristles.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Scandix pecten-veneris.

Description

(Relating to subspecies pecten-veneris - the only subspecies occurring in the U.K.) Sparsely hairy annual. Stems to 50 cm, becoming hollow with age. Leaves bi- to tri-pinnate with lobes reaching around 10mm, narrow and entire to pinnatifid, petiole broadened at base and having scarious, usually ciliate margin. Umbels with 1-3 stout glabrous to sparsely hairy rays 0.5–4 cm in length; peduncle very short or absent; terminal umbel bearing hermaphrodite flowers and lateral umbels bearing variable proportions of male and hermaphrodite flowers. Bracts usually absent; bracteoles usually 5 in number, longer than pedicels, simple or irregularly (often deeply) divided. Flowers white; sepals small; outer petals not radiating; styles with enlarged base, forming stylopodium. Fruit 30-70mm, more or less cylindrical, slightly compressed laterally, with strongly dorsally flattened beak 3-4 times as long as and plainly distinct from seed-bearing portion, constricted at commissure; mericarps ribbed and scabrid with forward-pointing bristles on margins; carpophore present; vittae solitary and conspicuous; pedicels almost as thick as rays, glabrous at apex; styles 2-4 times as long as stylopodium, erect; stigma tapering. Cotyledons tapered gradually at base, without distinct petiole. Flowering time: May to June.[1]

Ploidy

Chromosome number of Scandix pecten-veneris and infraspecific taxa 2n = 16, 26.

Scientific name

Scandix is in origin a Latin word for chervil used by Pliny the Elder, who was also the first to record the descriptive name pecten Veneris signifying 'Venus's comb'.

English names

When the long, erect fruits develop among the legs of the wheat, Shepherd's Needle looks so peculiar that a farm population could not help noticing it and naming it.

Scandix pecten-veneris has a wealth of evocative common names in English - most of them needle-related, in reference to the distinctive fruit, which, when mature, make it unlikely to be confused with any other native umbellifer. The English folk imagination has made of the plant the 'needle' of the following : Adam, the beggar, the clock, the crow, the Devil, the old wife/old woman/witch, Puck, the shepherd, and (more prosaically) the tailor. Of these, the tailor is (self-evidently) a user of needles in his work; Adam, the beggar, the crow and the shepherd convey rustic simplicity; the clock draws a parallel with clock hands and 'needles', and the Devil, the Witch and Puck play on the idea of the (malignly) supernatural and uncanny.

English 'comb' names for the plant are less plentiful, one, of the two recorded, invoking (once again) the shepherd and the other relating to the lady i.e. 'Our Lady' — one of the titles of the Virgin Mary. '(Our) Lady's Comb' is thus a Christianised form of 'Venus's Comb' (first recorded by Pliny in the Latin form pecten Veneris) with the name of the preeminent female figure of the newer religion replacing the name of the Roman goddess.

The connection between a harmless, edible plant growing in a cornfield and somewhat sinister supernatural entities (to say nothing of an ancient Roman goddess) is not immediately apparent to the modern mind, but may be explained by a study of ancient harvest customs. When growing corn waves in the wind, a shiver appears to run through it; and this was often described (by pre-industrial populations) as some imaginary creature running through the field. This supernatural 'creature' could be identified with the last sheaf cut at harvest time, as could certain female entities, preserving traces of half-remembered, pre-Christian goddesses. The association of grain with a goddess could be as old as the first attempts at sowing seed and collecting plants that were useful for food, and the grain field as a human-made environment in the British Isles and Ireland dates from the Neolithic period, with its attendant mythology (surviving only as iconography) colouring later Celtic myth.[2] In this context, the Old Wife/Old Woman/Witch names for Scandix pecten-veneris can be seen to refer to a harvest goddess of the kind still remembered in Celtic countries and present in English folk belief as part of a Celtic substrate pre-dating the Saxon invasions. The folkloric entity known as the 'Old Wife' can thus be understood in relation to the Welsh Gwrach, the Northern English and Lowland Scots Carlin and the Scottish Highland and Irish Cailleach. Puck and the Devil in names for the plant can likewise be understood as conceptions of the uncanny corn spirit whose passage is marked by the waving of the wheat in the wind, the Devil being a Christian interpretation of an earlier Puck figure.[3]

Distribution

Scandix pecten-veneris has a range extending from Western, Central and Southern Europe Eastwards to Western and Central Asia and is found also in the Maghreb. Within the U.K. the plant used to be widely distributed as a weed of arable land in the Southeast of England, being found as far west as Wiltshire, but became rather rare in its former haunts, a state of affairs attributed to stubble-burning and the use of modern herbicides[4] This gloomy tale of decline was, however, qualified in 1996 by wild food enthusiast Richard Mabey, who noted that, although the plant had suffered a dramatic decline in England, beginning in the 1950s, it began to recover with the banning of stubble-burning in the early 1990s. Furthermore — and contrary to earlier theories — the plant has proven to be resistant to modern herbicides after all and Mabey notes that the 'needles' of the plant are not readily separated from wheat by modern harvesting machinery — another factor contributing to its return to the English countryside.[5]

Habitat

Scandix pecten-veneris is a ruderal species, tending to favour dry, calcareous soils and often occurring in open meadows and woodland edges, this species does well in arable land and was formerly cultivated as a vegetable, as well as being gathered from the wild (see below).

As an edible plant

Scandix pecten-veneris has a long history of use in Europe, both as a leaf vegetable and as a salad vegetable. Some of the earliest references to its consumption are to be found in Ancient Greek texts satirising the tragedian Euripides (c.480-c.406 B.C.), of Salamis Island, which portray the playwright's mother, Cleito, as a humble greengrocer,[6] amongst whose wares was the vegetable scanthrix - the name of which found its way into Latin, in the modified form scandix, as a name for chervil (a related, edible umbellifer). The edible plant scanthrix is mentioned also by the Ancient Greek writers Opion, Theophrastus, and Erasistratus of Ceos, while the variant form of the name scanthrox is used by Pedanius Dioscorides for the same plant. Among Latin authors, Pliny the Elder lists scandix among the edible plants of Egypt. Much later, the Vicentine physician Onorio Belli (a.k.a. Honorius Bellus, 1550-1604) notes that, in his day, it was eaten on the island of Crete.[7]

References

  1. ^ Umbellifers of the British Isles Tutin T.G. BSBI Handbook No.2. Pub. Botanical Society of the British Isles,1980.
  2. ^ The Language of the Goddess, Gimbutas, Marija, pub. Thames and Hudson 1989
  3. ^ Hilda Ellis Davidson. Roles of the Northern Goddess. Routledge, 1998. Chapter II (page 52): 'Mistress of the Grain'. See also p.155 re. Venus/Our Lady plant names.
  4. ^ Streeter, David The Wildflowers of the British Isles illustrated by Garrard, Ian, pub. Midsummer Books Ltd. 1983.
  5. ^ Richard Mabey. Flora Britannica. Sinclair-Stevenson, 1996.
  6. ^ Justina Gregory, 'Euripidean Tragedy', in A Companion to Greek Tragedy, Justina Gregory (ed.), Blackwell Publishing Ltd (2005), page 252
  7. ^ E.L. Sturtevant. Sturtevant's Notes on Edible Plants, pub. J.P. Lyon Company, Albany, 1919, for State of New York Dept of Agriculture. Reissued ed. U.P. Hedrick as Sturtevant's Edible Plants by Dover Publications, New York, 1972.

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Scandix pecten-veneris: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Scandix pecten-veneris (shepherd's-needle, Venus' comb, Stork's needle) is a species of edible plant belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is native to Eurasia, but is known to occur elsewhere. It is named for its long fruit, which has a thickened body up to 1.5 centimeters long and a beak which can measure up to 7 centimeters long and is lined with comblike bristles.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Scandix pecten-veneris.
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Scandix pecten-veneris ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Scandix pecten-veneris es una planta de la familia de las apiáceas.

Descripción

El peine de Venus (Scandix pecten-veneris) es una especie delgada, espaciadamente pelosa, muy ramosa, anual, de hasta 50 cm. Hojas bi-tripinnadas con lóbulos lineales. Umbelas con 1-3 radios primarios con brácteas generalmente ausentes; bractéolas visibles, más largas que los cabillos, persistentes. Flores blancas, pétalos oblongos, desiguales y con ápice agudo e incurvado. Fruto grande, robusto, 1,5-8 cm, con pico 3-4 veces más largo que la parte portadora de semilla del fruto. Florece en primavera y verano.

Hábitat

Habita en campos de cultivo y ribazos.

Distribución

En el oeste, centro y sur de Europa.

Taxonomía

Scandix pecten-veneris fue descrita por Carolus Linnaeus y publicado en Species Plantarum 1: 256–257. 1753.[1]

Nombre común

  • Castellano: aguja, aguja de Venus, aguja de pastor, aguja del pastor, agujillas, ahoga gatos, ahoga-viejas, alfileres, alfileres de bruja, alfileres de pastor, alfilerillo, almarza, araña muerta, arguijo, cajón de burro, escandice, hierba del anís, hinojillo borde, peine de Venus, peine de pastor, peine de pastora, peine del pastor, peinecillos, peinera, peinetera, perejilillo, quixones amargos.[2]

Referencias

  1. «Scandix pecten-veneris». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2012.
  2. «Scandix pecten-veneris». Real Jardín Botánico: Proyecto Anthos. Consultado el 2 de octubre de 2012.

Bibliografía

  1. Abrams, L. 1951. Geraniums to Figworts. 3: 866 pp. In L. Abrams Ill. Fl. Pacific States. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
  2. Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
  3. Gleason, H. A. 1968. The Choripetalous Dicotyledoneae. vol. 2. 655 pp. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
  4. Gleason, H. A. & A. J. Cronquist. 1991. Man. Vasc. Pl. N.E. U.S. (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
  5. Hickman, J. C. 1993. Jepson Man.: Higher Pl. Calif. i–xvii, 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  6. Hitchcock, C. H., A. J. Cronquist, F. M. Ownbey & J. W. Thompson. 1961. Saxifragaceae to Ericaceae. Part III: 614pp. In Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W.. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
  7. Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157.
  8. Munz, P. A. 1974. Fl. S. Calif. 1–1086. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  9. Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  10. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980-2005. Fl. Pakistan Univ. of Karachi, Karachi.
  11. Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

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Scandix pecten-veneris: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Scandix pecten-veneris es una planta de la familia de las apiáceas.

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Kamjas nokkputk ( Estonian )

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Kamjas nokkputk (Scandix pecten-veneris) on sarikaliste sugukonda kuuluv taimeliik.

Viited

Välislingid

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Kamjas nokkputk: Brief Summary ( Estonian )

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Kamjas nokkputk (Scandix pecten-veneris) on sarikaliste sugukonda kuuluv taimeliik.

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Scandix peigne de Vénus ( French )

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Scandix pecten-veneris

Le scandix peigne de Vénus (Scandix pecten-veneris) ou Cerfeuil à aiguillettes ou Aiguille de berger est une plante herbacée annuelle de la famille des Apiaceae.

Habitats

C'est le plus souvent une plante adventice des terrains cultivés et des friches (autrefois très commune dans les moissons de toute la France, mais on la trouvait aussi dans les prairies[1]).

Les fleurs en ombelles sont blanches. Les carpelies sont scabres, surmontés d'un bec ou sorte d'aiguillet au moins 4 fois plus longue que la graine, et hérissée de petits aiguillons disposés sur 2 rangs. L'involucre est absente ou représentée par une vraie feuille. Les involucelles sont à folioles entière, bifides ou laciniées[1].

Étymologie

Son nom provient de la forme de ses fruits ridés avec de très longs becs qui, regroupés en ombelles, évoquent un peigne[2].

Description

Cette annuelle, haute de 20 à 40 cm, aux tiges dressées, rameuses et finement striées, peut être pubescente ou glabre[1].

Notes et références

  1. a b et c Henri Jean Antoine Rodet et Casimir Célestin Baillet, Botanique agricole et médicale : ou Étude des plantes qui intéressent principalement les médecins, les vétérinaires et les agriculteurs, P. Asselin, 1872 (lire en ligne)
  2. François Couplan, Les plantes et leurs noms. Histoires insolite, Éditions Quae, 2012 (lire en ligne), p. 96.

Voir aussi

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Scandix peigne de Vénus: Brief Summary ( French )

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Scandix pecten-veneris

Le scandix peigne de Vénus (Scandix pecten-veneris) ou Cerfeuil à aiguillettes ou Aiguille de berger est une plante herbacée annuelle de la famille des Apiaceae.

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Agulleira ( Galician )

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 src=
Agulleira

A agulleira (Scandix pecten-veneris) é unha planta espontánea que ten o froito en forma de agulla e que medra nas leiras e nas zonas costeiras. A súa área de distribución é a conca mediterránea, chegando polo oeste ata o Reino Unido e polo leste ata Dinamarca.

As agulleiras tamén poden ser varias plantas dos xéneros Erodium e Geranium, máis comunmente denominadas herba agulla ou herba de agulla.

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Scandix pecten-veneris ( Italian )

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Scandix pecten-veneris L., volgarmente detta pettine di Venere[1] o acicula comune è una pianta erbacea annuale appartenente alla famiglia delle Apiaceae e al genere Scandix dai frutti muniti di rostri a punta.

Descrizione

L'acicula comune è una pianta erbacea annuale dal fusto eretto e dall'altezza media di 15–40 cm. I fiori, bianchi, compaiono tra aprile e giugno. È un genere di piante annuali comuni nelle colture di cereali. I frutti sono con forma allungata e pungente.

Areale

L'acicula comune ha un'ampia diffusione nel Vecchio Mondo [1]: quasi tutta l'Europa, a nord fino alla Scandinavia meridionale, a ovest fino alle isole Azzorre e Canarie; l'Asia occidentale, centrale (repubbliche ex-sovietiche) e meridionale (a est fino all'India occidentale); e il Nordafrica.

È inoltre naturalizzata in altre parti del mondo fuori del suo areale originario.

In Italia è diffusa in tutta la penisola, dalle Alpi alla Sicilia, Sardegna compresa, dal livello del mare fino a circa 1200 m di altitudine. [2].

Etimologia

Il nome Scandix deriva dal greco shazo (pungere) e fa riferimento alla forma allungata dei frutti che hanno l'aspetto di un chiodo o di un pettine.

Usi

I gambi delle piante giovani possono essere usati nell'insalata, essendo una erbacea commestibile (cioè edule).

La radice essiccata è considerata stimolante dell'appetito e della digestione. L'acicula comune è un'erba officinale e un'erba medicinale.

Note

  1. ^ PETTINE di VENERE, in Enciclopedia Italiana, su Treccani.it. URL consultato il 24 aprile 2018.

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Scandix pecten-veneris: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Scandix pecten-veneris L., volgarmente detta pettine di Venere o acicula comune è una pianta erbacea annuale appartenente alla famiglia delle Apiaceae e al genere Scandix dai frutti muniti di rostri a punta.

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Scandix pecten-veneris ( Latin )

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Scandix pecten-veneris est species plantarum florentium familiae Apiacearum, in Eurasia endemica et alicubi ut species introducta, aliquando ut herba inutilis nota. Planta ex fructu appellatur, cui est corpus ad 1.5 cm longum et rostrum quod ad 7 cm longum est, setis pectinis similibus completum.

Nexus externi

Commons-logo.svg Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Scandicem pecten-veneris spectant.
Wikidata-logo.svg Situs scientifici: TropicosTela BotanicaGRINITISPlant ListNCBIBiodiversityEncyclopedia of LifePlant Name IndexPlantes d'AfriqueINPN FranceUSDA Plants Database stipula Haec stipula ad biologiam spectat. Amplifica, si potes!
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Scandix pecten-veneris: Brief Summary ( Latin )

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Scandix pecten-veneris est species plantarum florentium familiae Apiacearum, in Eurasia endemica et alicubi ut species introducta, aliquando ut herba inutilis nota. Planta ex fructu appellatur, cui est corpus ad 1.5 cm longum et rostrum quod ad 7 cm longum est, setis pectinis similibus completum.

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Naaldenkervel ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Naaldenkervel (Scandix pecten-veneris) is een eenjarige plant, die behoort tot de schermbloemenfamilie (Apiaceae). De soort staat op de Nederlandse Rode lijst van planten als zeer zeldzaam en zeer sterk afgenomen. Deze plant is in Nederland wettelijk beschermd sinds 1 januari 2017 door de Wet Natuurbescherming. De naam heeft de plant te danken aan de rechtopstaande, naaldvormige vruchten. De plant komt van nature voor in Eurazië.

De plant wordt 15-25 cm hoog. De vertakte, fijngeribde stengel is verspreid afstaand behaard. De bladeren zijn twee- tot viervoudig geveerd.

Naaldenkervel bloeit in mei en juni met witte bloemen, die in samengestelde schermen zitten met een tot drie stralen. Er zijn meestal vijf omwindselblaadjes en geen omwindselbladen.

De vrucht is een 3-7 cm lange, gesnavelde, tweedelige splitvrucht met een zaad per deelvrucht. De kort stekelharige snavel is afgeplat en twee tot zes maal zo lang als het zaaddragende deel van de vrucht.

De plant komt voor in akkerland op vochtige, kalkhoudende grond.

Namen in andere talen

  • Bretons: nadozioù; spilhoù mamm-goz
  • Duits: Venuskamm
  • Engels: Shepherd's-needle
  • Frans: Scandix peigne de Vénus

Externe links

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Vruchten met aan de bovenzijde een deel van de snavels
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Naaldenkervel: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Naaldenkervel (Scandix pecten-veneris) is een eenjarige plant, die behoort tot de schermbloemenfamilie (Apiaceae). De soort staat op de Nederlandse Rode lijst van planten als zeer zeldzaam en zeer sterk afgenomen. Deze plant is in Nederland wettelijk beschermd sinds 1 januari 2017 door de Wet Natuurbescherming. De naam heeft de plant te danken aan de rechtopstaande, naaldvormige vruchten. De plant komt van nature voor in Eurazië.

De plant wordt 15-25 cm hoog. De vertakte, fijngeribde stengel is verspreid afstaand behaard. De bladeren zijn twee- tot viervoudig geveerd.

Naaldenkervel bloeit in mei en juni met witte bloemen, die in samengestelde schermen zitten met een tot drie stralen. Er zijn meestal vijf omwindselblaadjes en geen omwindselbladen.

De vrucht is een 3-7 cm lange, gesnavelde, tweedelige splitvrucht met een zaad per deelvrucht. De kort stekelharige snavel is afgeplat en twee tot zes maal zo lang als het zaaddragende deel van de vrucht.

De plant komt voor in akkerland op vochtige, kalkhoudende grond.

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Czechrzyca grzebieniowa ( Polish )

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Czechrzyca grzebieniowa, trybulka grzebieniowa (Scandix pecten-veneris L.) – gatunek rośliny z rodziny selerowatych (Apiaceae). Rośnie dziko w całej niemal Europie, w Afryce Północnej, na Maderze i Wyspach Kanaryjskich oraz w Azji Zachodniej, Środkowej i na Kaukazie[2]. W Polsce jest rzadkim archeofitem. Większość stanowisk skupionych jest na Wyżynie Małopolskiej[3].

Morfologia

 src=
Owoce
Łodyga
Do 40 cm wysokości, delikatnie kreskowana.
Liście
2-3-krotnie pierzaste, łatki równowąskie.
Kwiaty
Białe, zebrane w baldachy. Pokrywki lancetowate, orzęsione.
Owoce
Silnie wydłużone, 2-3 cm długości, ustawione w jednej płaszczyźnie.

Biologia i ekologia

Roślina jednoroczna. Rośnie na polach uprawnych, na glebach bogatych w węglan wapnia. Kwitnie w maju i czerwcu. Gatunek charakterystyczny zespołu Caucalido-Scandicetum[4].

Zagrożenia

Kategorie zagrożenia gatunku:

Przypisy

  1. P.F. Stevens: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (ang.). 2001–. [dostęp 2010-05-01].
  2. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). [dostęp 2010-05-05].
  3. M. Zając, A. Urbisz 2001. Czechrzyca grzebieniasta. s. 266-268. W: Polska Czerwona Księga Roślin, Kraków 2001. ​ISBN 83-85444-85-8​.
  4. WładysławW. Matuszkiewicz WładysławW., Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowisk roślinnych Polski, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2001, ISBN 83-01-13520-4, OCLC 749271059 .
  5. Red list of plants and fungi in Poland. Czerwona lista roślin i grzybów Polski. Zbigniew Mirek, Kazimierz Zarzycki, Władysław Wojewoda, Zbigniew Szeląg (red.). Kraków: Instytut Botaniki im. W. Szafera, Polska Akademia Nauk, 2006. ISBN 83-89648-38-5.
  6. Kaźmierczakowa R., Bloch-Orłowska J., Celka Z., Cwener A., Dajdok Z., Michalska-Hejduk D., Pawlikowski P., Szczęśniak E., Ziarnek K.: Polska czerwona lista paprotników i roślin kwiatowych. Polish red list of pteridophytes and flowering plants. Kraków: Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2016. ISBN 978-83-61191-88-9.
  7. Zarzycki K., Kaźmierczakowa R., Mirek Z.: Polska Czerwona Księga Roślin. Paprotniki i rośliny kwiatowe. Wyd. III. uaktualnione i rozszerzone. Kraków: Instytut Ochrony Przyrody PAN, 2014. ISBN 978-83-61191-72-8.
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Czechrzyca grzebieniowa: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Czechrzyca grzebieniowa, trybulka grzebieniowa (Scandix pecten-veneris L.) – gatunek rośliny z rodziny selerowatych (Apiaceae). Rośnie dziko w całej niemal Europie, w Afryce Północnej, na Maderze i Wyspach Kanaryjskich oraz w Azji Zachodniej, Środkowej i na Kaukazie. W Polsce jest rzadkim archeofitem. Większość stanowisk skupionych jest na Wyżynie Małopolskiej.

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Scandix pecten-veneris ( Portuguese )

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Scandix pecten-veneris é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Apiaceae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é L., tendo sido publicada em Species Plantarum 1: 256–257. 1753.[1]

Os seus nomes comuns são agulha-de-pastor, agulheira, erva-agulha, erva-agulheira ou garfinhos.[2]

Portugal

Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português, nomeadamente os seguintes táxones infraespecíficos:[3]

Referências

  1. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 29 de setembro de 2014 http://www.tropicos.org/Name/1700220>
  2. Scandix pecten-veneris - Flora Digital de Portugal. jb.utad.pt/flora.
  3. Sequeira M, Espírito-Santo D, Aguiar C, Capelo J & Honrado J (Coord.) (2010). Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Açores e Madeira). Associação Lusitana de Fitossociologia (ALFA).

Bibliografia

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Scandix pecten-veneris: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Scandix pecten-veneris é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Apiaceae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é L., tendo sido publicada em Species Plantarum 1: 256–257. 1753.

Os seus nomes comuns são agulha-de-pastor, agulheira, erva-agulha, erva-agulheira ou garfinhos.

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Acul-doamnei ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Acul-doamnei (Scandix pecten veneris) este o specie de plante erbacee din familia umbeliferelor. Florile lor sunt albe, iar fructul are o terminație în formă de cioc lung.

Legături externe

Nuvola apps khangman.svg Acest articol din domeniul botanicii este un ciot. Puteți ajuta Wikipedia prin completarea lui.
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Acul-doamnei: Brief Summary ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Acul-doamnei (Scandix pecten veneris) este o specie de plante erbacee din familia umbeliferelor. Florile lor sunt albe, iar fructul are o terminație în formă de cioc lung.

Illustration Scandix pecten-veneris0.jpg Scandix pecten-veneris.jpg Scandix pecten-veneris fruits scpe 002 php.jpg
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Nålkörvel ( Swedish )

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Nålkörvel (Scandix pecten-veneris) är en växtart i familjen flockblommiga växter.

Beskrivning

Nålkörvel är en ettårig ört. Den blir som mest något mer än två decimeter hög. Stjälken är upprätt och vanligen grenig. Bladen är två till tre gånger pardelade med smala bladflikar. Nålkörvel blommar i juni-juli. Blommorna är små och sitter i enkla eller sammansatta flockar med få grenstrålar. Flockarna saknar allmänt svepe, men har enskilt svepe av hela eller flikiga svepeblad. Kronbladen är vita. Frukterna är mycket karaktäristiska, de är långsmala med långt spröt och glest strävhåriga. Huvudunderarten äkta nålkörvel (ssp. pecten-veneris) är inhemsk i Sverige, men underarten späd nålkörvel (ssp. brachycarpa (Guss.) Thell.) kan påträffas tillfälligt. Hos huvudunderarten (ssp. pecten-veneris) är fruktsprötet minst dubbelt så långt som den del av frukten som innehåller fröet, medan sprötet hos underarten späd nålkörvel (ssp. brachycarpa) är mindre än två gånger så långt. Nålkörvel kan knappast förväxlas med andra arter.

Utbredning

Nålkörvel förekommer sällsynt på Gotland och Öland, men den har också påträffats i andra sydsvenska landskap. Den växer vanligen i åkrar eller på ruderatmark men blir alltmer sällsynt, bland annat på grund av ökad utsädesrensning. Första fynduppgift är från Öland och Gotland och publicerades av Linné 1741 (Nordstedt 1920).

Etymologi

Artnamnet pecten-veneris kommer av latinets pecten (kam) och veneris (Venus), namnet betyder 'Venus kam', vilket syftar på fruktsamlingens form. Svenska namnet nålkörvel syftar på de långa, nästan nållika, frukterna.

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Nålkörvel: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Nålkörvel (Scandix pecten-veneris) är en växtart i familjen flockblommiga växter.

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Скандикс гребінчастий ( Ukrainian )

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Опис

Однорічна, помірно волохата, розгалужена рослина має тенденцію до проростання в жовтні й на початку листопада. Квітне з травня по серпень. Насіння не в змозі залишатися в стані спокою довго, тому рослина перебуває під загрозою місцевого зникнення під час невідповідного середовища проживання. Висота: до 50 см. Має глибоко розділити «кучеряве» два-три перисті листки і виробляє крихітні білі квіти, розташовані в кластерах звані парасольки. Великі плоди можуть доходити до 80 мм в довжину, довгі, вузькі й загострені.

Поширення

Північна Африка: Алжир; [п.] Єгипет [п.]; Лівія [п.]; Марокко; Туніс. Азія: Афганістан; Кіпр; Іран; Ірак; Ізраїль; Йорданія; Ліван; Сирія; Туреччина; Киргизстан; Таджикистан; Туркменістан; Узбекистан; Індія — Хімачал-Прадеш, Джамму і Кашмір; Пакистан. Кавказ: Вірменія; Азербайджан; Росія — Дагестан. Європа: Данія; Ірландія; Швеція; Об'єднане Королівство; Австрія; Бельгія; Чеська Республіка; Німеччина; Угорщина; Нідерланди; Польща; Словаччина; Швейцарія; Україна [вкл. Крим]; Албанія; Боснія і Герцеговина; Болгарія; Хорватія; Греція [вкл. Крит]; Італія [вкл. Сицилія]; Македонія; Чорногорія; Румунія; Сербія; Словенія; Франція [вкл. Корсика]; Португалія [вкл. Мадейра]; Гібралтар; Іспанія [вкл. Балеарські острови, Канарські острови]. Широко натуралізований. Населяє поля, пасовища, луки, байдужий до ґрунтів; 0-1900 м. Воліє рости помірковано сухим, теплим літом.

Галерея

Примітки

  1. а б в г Scandix pecten-veneris // Ю. Кобів. Словник українських наукових і народних назв судинних рослин (Серія «Словники України»). — Київ : Наукова думка, 2004. — 800 с. — ISBN 966-00-0355-2.
  2. Довідник назв рослин України. Наукове товариство імені Шевченка Лісівничої академії наук України, за участю працівників Державного природознавчого музею НАН України та студентів і викладачів Прикарпатського лісогосподарського коледжу. Розробка веб-ресурсу: Третяк Платон Романович.

Джерела


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Scandix pecten-veneris ( Vietnamese )

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Scandix pecten-veneris là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hoa tán. Loài này được L. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Scandix pecten-veneris. Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài

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Scandix pecten-veneris: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Scandix pecten-veneris là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hoa tán. Loài này được L. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.

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Скандикс гребенчатый ( Russian )

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Латинское название Scandix pecten-veneris L.

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Scandix pecten-veneris.jpg

Ска́ндикс гребе́нчатый, или Вене́рин гре́бень (лат. Scándix pécten-véneris) — однолетнее травянистое растение семейства Зонтичные. Распространено в Крыму, на Кавказе, в Средней Азии.

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Ска́ндикс гребе́нчатый, или Вене́рин гре́бень (лат. Scándix pécten-véneris) — однолетнее травянистое растение семейства Зонтичные. Распространено в Крыму, на Кавказе, в Средней Азии.

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