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Star Blaasop

Arothron stellatus (Anonymous 1798)

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Trophic Strategy

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Relatively uncommon in patch reefs and coral slopes near sandy areas of clear lagoon and seaward reefs. Juveniles occur in sandy and weedy inner reefs, adults on clear lagoons and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Enter estuaries (Ref. 4833).
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 12; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 10 - 11
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Life Cycle

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Oviparous (Ref. 205).
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Diagnostic Description

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Body covered with prickles (Ref. 559). Juveniles with dark stripes on belly, becoming spots with growth; adults with or without spots on fin (Ref. 4919).Description: Characterized further by pale grey body color with dense covering of black spots on head, body and fins; large black spots or irregular blotches around bases of pectoral and dorsal fins; head and body with small spinules except top of snout, base of fins and side of caudal peduncle, best developed spinules on ventral surface; short snout, length about 1.7-2.7 in head length; bony interorbital width 2.2-2.4 in head length; rounded caudal fin, length 4.0-5.0 in SL (Ref. 90102).
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Biology

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Relatively uncommon in patch reefs and coral slopes near sandy areas of clear lagoon and seaward reefs. Juveniles occur in sandy and weedy inner reefs, adults on clear lagoons and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Juveniles inshore, usually on muddy substrates and often estuarine. Adults on deep slopes and range to outer reefs, sometimes swimming high above the substrate or just below the surface. Pelagic larvae may disperse over great distance and juveniles occur in subtropical zone (Ref. 48637). Enter estuaries (Ref. 4833). Considered as the giant among puffers reaching a total length well in excess of a meter.
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Importance

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fisheries: of no interest
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分布

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分布於印度-太平洋區，西起紅海、非洲東岸，東至土木土群島，北至日本南部，南至羅得豪島。台灣四周海域均見。
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利用

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肝臟及卵巢具劇毒，不可食用。常被當做觀賞用魚於水族館展示。
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描述

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體長橢圓形，體頭部粗圓，尾柄側扁。體側下緣無縱行皮褶。口小，端位；上下頜各有2個喙狀大牙板。吻短，圓鈍。眼中大，側上位。無鼻孔，兩側各具一個叉狀鼻突起。除吻端、鰓孔周圍與尾柄外，全身佈滿小棘。背鰭圓形至稍微尖形，位於體後部，具軟條10-11；臀鰭與其同形，具軟條10-11；無腹鰭；胸鰭寬短，後緣呈圓弧形；尾鰭寬大，呈圓弧形。背部淺褐色或灰褐色，腹部色淡；頭部、背部與體側具密佈黑色小點；背、臀及尾鰭亦具黑點，鰭基黑點大於鰭上黑點；胸鰭基上下方各有一黑斑。幼魚體褐色；體具小黑點，體側具許多平行之黑斜紋，愈往腹部斜紋愈寬。
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棲地

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主要棲息於澄清的潟湖區及面海之珊瑚礁區，亦被發現於河口區。獨立生活。主要以海藻及底棲無脊椎動物為食。
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Ster-blaasop ( Afrikaans )

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Die Ster-blaasop (Arothron stellatus) is 'n vis wat voorkom in die Indiese-Pasifiese area, die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf Oman tot by Knysna. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Star puffer.

Identifikasie

Die vis word tot 90 cm groot en is die grootste van die blaasop-familie. Die volwasse vis is liggrys met klein, digte klein kolletjies op die kop, lyf en al die vinne behalwe die pektorale vinne. Daar is groot vlekke om die basis van die pektorale vinne. Die onvolwasse vissies is geel tot oranje met klein, swart kolletjies op die boonste gedeelte van die lyf en onreëlmatige donker strepe op die pens. Soos die vissie verouder verdwyn die oranje en die strepe word kolletjies.

Hulle leef in aflandige koraal- en rotsriwwe in water wat 3 tot 6m diep is. Hulle leef soms ook in skeepswrakke. Die vis is 'n alleenloper en vreet sponse, koraal en hardedop ongewerweldes. Hierdie spesie is raar.

Sien ook

Wikispecies
Wikispecies het meer inligting oor: Arothron stellatus

Bronne

  • Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. Phil & Elaine Heemstra. 2004. ISBN 1-920033-01-7
  • The Reef Guide: Fishes, corals, nudibranchs & other invertebrates: East & South Coasts of Southern Africa. Dennis King & Valda Fraser. Struik Nature. 2014 ISBN 978-1-77584-018-3

Verwysings

  1. ↑ Müller J., 1841. Vergleichende Anatomie der Myxinoiden. Dritte Fortsetzung. Über das Gefässystem. Abh. Dtsch. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1839. 175-304. Pls. 1-5.
  2. ↑ BioLib (en)
  3. ↑ Bloch, M. E. & J. G. Schneider. 1801. M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. Sumtibus Auctoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum. Systema Ichthyol.: i-lx + 1-584, Pls. 1-110.

Eksterne skakel

Wiki letter w.svg Hierdie artikel is ’n saadjie. Voel vry om Wikipedia te help deur dit uit te brei.
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Ster-blaasop: Brief Summary ( Afrikaans )

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Die Ster-blaasop (Arothron stellatus) is 'n vis wat voorkom in die Indiese-Pasifiese area, die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf Oman tot by Knysna. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Star puffer.

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Arothron stellatus ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Prague sea aquarium

Arothron stellatus és una espècie de peix de la família dels tetraodòntids i de l'ordre dels tetraodontiformes.Relativament poc comú en els esculls de pegat i pendents de corall a prop de les zones de sorra de clares i esculls de llacuna cap al mar. Els juvenils es produeixen en els esculls d'interiors de sorra i mala herba, adults en llacunes clares i esculls cap al mar (Ref. 9710). Els juvenils litoral, generalment en substrats fangosos i freqüència d'estuari. Adults en pendents profundes i gamma a esculls exteriors, nedant de vegades alta per sobre del substrat o just sota la superfície.

Morfologia

Hàbitat

És un peix de clima tropical i associat als esculls de corall que viu entre 3-58 m de fondària.[4][6]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des del Mar Roig i l'Àfrica Oriental fins a les Tuamotu, el sud del Japó i l'illa de Lord Howe. També és present a la costa meridional atlàntica de Sud-àfrica.[4][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]

Observacions

No es pot menjar, ja que és verinós per als humans.[31][4]

Referències

  1. ↑ Müller J., 1841. Vergleichende Anatomie der Myxinoiden. Dritte Fortsetzung. Über das Gefässystem. Abh. Dtsch. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1839. 175-304. Pls. 1-5.
  2. ↑ BioLib (anglès)
  3. ↑ Bloch, M. E. & J. G. Schneider. 1801. M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. Sumtibus Auctoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum. Systema Ichthyol.: i-lx + 1-584, Pls. 1-110.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 FishBase (anglès)
  5. ↑ Lieske, E. i R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p.
  6. ↑ Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Segona edició. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
  7. ↑ Allen, G.R. i M. Adrim, 2003. Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72.
  8. ↑ Allen, G.R. i P.L. Munday, 1994. Kimbe Bay rapid ecological assessment: the coral reefs of Kimbe Bay (West New Britain, Papua New Guinea), Volum 3: Fish diversity of Kimbe Bay. The Nature Conservancy, South Pacific program Office, Auckland, Nova Zelanda. 107 p.
  9. ↑ Aprieto, V.L. i E.P. Villoso, 1982. Demersal fish resources of Lingayen Gulf. Fish. Res. J. Phillips. 7(2):40-49.
  10. ↑ Assadi, H. i R. Dehghani P., 1997. Atlas of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman fishes. Iranian Fisheries Research and Training Organization, Iran.
  11. ↑ Blaber, S.J.M., D.T. Brewer i A.N. Harris, 1994. Distribution, biomass and community structure of demersal fishes of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 45(3):375-396.
  12. ↑ Chen, C.-H., 2004. Checklist of the fishes of Penghu. FRI Special Publication. Núm. 4. 175 p.
  13. ↑ Cornic, A., 1987. Poissons de l'Ile Maurice. Editions de l'Océan Indien, Stanley Rose Hill, Maurici. 335 p.
  14. ↑ Doiphode, P.V., 1985. Local and scientific names of fishes of Goa. Seafood Export J. 17(3):35-40.
  15. ↑ Francis, M.P., 1993. Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170.
  16. ↑ Garpe, K.C. i M.C. Öhman, 2003. Coral and fish distribution patterns in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania: fish-habitat interactions. Hydrobiologia 498: 191-211.
  17. ↑ Gell, F.R. i M.W. Whittington, 2002. Diversity of fishes in seagrass beds in the Quirimba Archipelago, northern Mozambique. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 53:115-121.
  18. ↑ Gloerfelt-Tarp, T. i P.J. Kailola, 1984. Trawled fishes of southern Indonesia and northwestern Australia. Australian Development Assistance Bureau, Austràlia, Directorate General of Fishes, Indonèsia i German Agency for Technical Cooperation, República Federal d'Alemanya. 407 p.
  19. ↑ Herre, A.W.C.T. i A.F. Umali, 1948. English and local common names of Philippine fishes. U. S. Dept. of Interior and Fish and Wildl. Serv. Circular Núm. 14, U. S. Gov't Printing Office, Washington. 128 p.
  20. ↑ Herre, A.W.C.T., 1953. Check list of Philippine fishes. Res. Rep. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv., (20): 977 p.
  21. ↑ Huang, Z., 2001. Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404- 463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, Estats Units. 598 p.
  22. ↑ Johnson, J.W., 1999. Annotated checklist of the fishes of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 43(2):709-762.
  23. ↑ Kailola, P.J., 1991. The fishes of Papua New Guinea: a revised and annotated checklist. Vol. III. Gobiidae to Molidae. Research Bulletin Núm. 41, Research Section, Dept. of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Papua Nova Guinea. 153 p.
  24. ↑ Kami, H.T., 1975. Check-list of Guam fishes, supplement II. Micronesica 11(1):115-121.
  25. ↑ Kapoor, D., R. Dayal i A.G. Ponniah, 2002. Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, Índia. 775 p.
  26. ↑ Khalaf, M.A., 2005. Fish fauna of the Jordanian Coast, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Journal of King AbdulAziz University-Marine Sciences. Vol. 15.
  27. ↑ Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim i J.H. Kim, 2005. Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co. Seül, Corea del Sud. 615p.
  28. ↑ Kuiter, R.H. i T. Tonozuka, 2001. Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 3. Jawfishes - Sunfishes, Opistognathidae - Molidae. Zoonetics, Austràlia. 623 - 893.
  29. ↑ Kulbicki, M., J.E. Randall i J. Rivaton, 1994. Checklist of the fishes of the Chesterfield Islands (Coral Sea). Micronesica 27(1/2): 1-43.
  30. ↑ Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro i K. Pothin, 2004. An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Reunion Island, south-western Indian Ocean. Cybium 28(3):199-216.
  31. ↑ 31,0 31,1 Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno i T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tòquio, Japó. 437 p.
  32. ↑ Mohsin, A.K.M. i M.A. Ambak, 1996. Marine fishes and fisheries of Malaysia and neighbouring countries. University of Pertanian Malaysia Press, Serdang, Malàisia. 744 p.
  33. ↑ Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn i T. Songsirikul, 1997. Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Tailàndia. 353 p.
  34. ↑ Myers, R.F., 1999. Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p.
  35. ↑ Nguyen, N.T. i V.Q. Nguyen, 2006. Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi.
  36. ↑ Ni, I.-H. i K.-Y. Kwok, 1999 Marine fish fauna in Hong Kong waters. Zool. Stud. 38(2):130-152.
  37. ↑ Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts i P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series Núm. 19. xiv+279 p.
  38. ↑ Randall, J.E., 1973. Tahitian fish names and a preliminary checklist of the fishes of the society of islands. B.P. Bishop Museum Occas. Pap. 24(11):167-214.
  39. ↑ Randall, J.E., 1995. Coastal fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 439 p.
  40. ↑ Randall, J.E. i C. Anderson, 1993. Annotated checklist of the epipelagic and shore fishes of the Maldives Islands. Ichthyol. Bull. of the J.L.B. Smith Inst. of Ichthyol. 59:47.
  41. ↑ Randall, J.E. i K.K.P. Lim (eds.), 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667.
  42. ↑ Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen i R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p.
  43. ↑ Randall, J.E., H. Ida, K. Kato, R.L. Pyle i J.L. Earle, 1997. Annotated checklist of inshore fishes of the Ogasawara Islands. Nat. Sci. Mus. Monogr. (11):1-74.
  44. ↑ Shen, S.C. (ed.), 1993. Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei. 960 p.
  45. ↑ Smith, J.L.B., 1969. Fishes of Inhaca. p. 131-136. A: W. Macnae i M. Kalk (eds.) A natural history of Inhaca Island, Moçambique. Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg.
  46. ↑ Smith, J.L.B. i M.M. Smith, 1963. The fishes of Seychelles. Rhodes University, Grahamstown. 215 p.
  47. ↑ Talwar, P.K. i A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volum 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
  48. ↑ Wantiez, L., 1993. Les poissons des fonds meubles du lagon Nord et de la Baie de Saint-Vincent de Nouvelle-Calédonie: Description des peuplements, structure et fonctionnement des communautés. Tesi doctoral, Université d' Aix-Marseille II, França.
  49. ↑ Wass, R.C., 1984. An annotated checklist of the fishes of Samoa. Natl. Ocean. Atmos. Adminis. Tech. Rept., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rept. Fish. (781).
  50. ↑ Werner, T.B i G.R. Allen, 1998. Reef fishes of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. A T. Werner i G. Allen (eds). A rapid biodiversity assessment of the coral reefs of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. RAP Working Papers 11, Conservation International, Washington DC.
  51. ↑ Werner, T.B. i G.R. Allen, 2000. A rapid marine biodiversity assessment of the Calamianes Islands, Palawan province, Philippines. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 17. Washington DC, Estats Units:Conservation International.
  52. ↑ Zajonz, U., M. Khalaf i F. Krupp, 2000. Coastal fish assemblages of the Socotra Archipelago. p.127-170. A Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity of Socotra Archipelago: marine habitat, biodiversity and fisheries surveys and management. Progress Report of Phase III. Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Alemanya.


Bibliografia


Enllaços externs

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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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src= Exemplar fotografiat a la costa del Mar Roig d'Egipte. src= Exemplar de les Filipines src= Prague sea aquarium

Arothron stellatus és una espècie de peix de la família dels tetraodòntids i de l'ordre dels tetraodontiformes.Relativament poc comú en els esculls de pegat i pendents de corall a prop de les zones de sorra de clares i esculls de llacuna cap al mar. Els juvenils es produeixen en els esculls d'interiors de sorra i mala herba, adults en llacunes clares i esculls cap al mar (Ref. 9710). Els juvenils litoral, generalment en substrats fangosos i freqüència d'estuari. Adults en pendents profundes i gamma a esculls exteriors, nedant de vegades alta per sobre del substrat o just sota la superfície.

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Riesenkugelfisch ( German )

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Der Riesenkugelfisch (Arothron stellatus), auch Stern-Kugelfisch genannt, ist mit einer maximalen Länge von 1,20 Metern der größte Kugelfisch.

Vorkommen

Der Riesenkugelfisch lebt im Roten Meer sowie im Indopazifik von Ost- und Südafrika bis zum südlichen Japan, Tuamotu und der Lord-Howe-Insel. An der Südküste Südafrikas erreicht er auch den südöstlichen Atlantik. Der Riesenkugelfisch ist relativ selten. Junge Riesenkugelfische halten sich vor allem über sandigem und schlammigen Grund und in Flussmündungen auf. Ältere Tiere bevorzugen klare Lagunen, Saum- und Außenriffe. Riesenkugelfische ernähren sich vor allem von Stachelhäutern und sonstigen hartschaligen Wirbellosen, wie Schnecken, Muscheln und Krebstieren.

Merkmale

Junge Riesenkugelfische haben ein dichtes Streifenmuster aus braunschwarzen und gelbweißen, vom Bauch nach rückwärts oben gebogenen Linien. Mit zunehmendem Alter löst sich das Linienmuster, am Rücken beginnend, auf und wird zu einem dichten Punktmuster. Ausgewachsene Fische werden 1,20 Meter lang. Die Haut ist schuppenlos und mit kleinen Stacheln bedeckt.

Flossenformel: Dorsale 10–12, Anale 10–11

Literatur

  • Hans A. Baensch, Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Meerwasser-Atlas Band 6 Non-Perciformes (Nicht-Barschartige). Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-116-X
  • Ewald Lieske, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische der Welt. Jahr Top Special Verlag Hamburg, ISBN 3-86132-112-2
  • Dieter Eichler, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische Indopazifik. Jahr-Verlag GmbG & Co., ISBN 3-86132-225-0

Weblinks

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Riesenkugelfisch: Brief Summary ( German )

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Der Riesenkugelfisch (Arothron stellatus), auch Stern-Kugelfisch genannt, ist mit einer maximalen Länge von 1,20 Metern der größte Kugelfisch.

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Arothron stellatus

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Arothron stellatus, also known as the stellate puffer, starry puffer, starry pufferfish, or starry toadfish, is a demersal marine fish belonging to the family Tetraodontidae. It is found in shallow water in the Indo-Pacific region.

Description

Arothron stellatus is a very large pufferfish which grows up to 120 cm (47 in) in length.[2] Its body is oval shaped, spherical and relatively elongated. The skin is not covered with scales but is prickly. The fish has no pelvic fin and no lateral line. The dorsal fin and the anal fin are small, symmetric, and located at the rear end of the body. The head is large with a short snout that has two pairs of nostrils, and the mouth is terminal with four strong teeth.[3]

The background coloration goes from white to grey, and the body is harmoniously dotted with black spots. The ventral area is usually clearer. The size of the spots is inversely proportional to the size of the fish; thus, a young individual will have large spots and adults of maximal size will have small spots. The juveniles have a yellowish body background coloration with dark stripes. The young adults still have stripes on the ventral area that will turn to spots later, and also some recollection of yellow on the body.

Immature Arothron stellatus (inflated) at Mactan, Philippines

Distribution and habitat

This species is found in tropical and subtropical waters from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea as far as Polynesia, southern Japan, the western, northern and eastern coasts of Australia and Lord Howe Island.[4] It is a relatively uncommon species and lives close to external reef slopes and sheltered lagoons with clear water, but mainly in close proximity to sandy areas, at depths from the surface down to about 58 m (190 ft).[5]

Behavior

Arothron stellatus feeds on benthic invertebrates, sponges, algae, the polyps of corals such as Acropora, crustaceans and mollusks.[3]

This pufferfish is diurnal. It is mainly solitary and defends a territory.[3]

Potential danger

A. stellatus at Red Sea, Egypt

Arothron stellatus contains a highly toxic poison, tetrodotoxin, in its ovaries and to a lesser extent its skin and liver, which protects it from voracious predators. It becomes toxic as it eats bacteria that contain the toxin.[6] To ward off potential enemies, they can inflate their bodies by swallowing air or water.

Taxonomic synonyms

The World Register of Marine Species lists the following synonyms: -[7]

  • Arothron aerostaticus (Jenyns, 1842)
  • Arothron alboreticulatus (Tanaka, 1908)
  • Arothron stellatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Chelonodon stellaris (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (misspelling)
  • Diodon asper Cuvier, 1818
  • Kanduka michiei Hora, 1925
  • Takifugu stellatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Tetraodon aerostaticus Jenyns, 1842
  • Tetraodon aerostatious Jenyns, 1842 (misspelling)
  • Tetraodon alboreticulatus Tanaka, 1908
  • Tetraodon calamara Rüppell, 1829
  • Tetraodon lagocephalus var. stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Tetraodon punctatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Tetraodon stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Tetraodon stellatus Anonymous, 1798
  • Tetraodon stellatus Shaw, 1804
  • Tetrodon aerostaticus Jenyns, 1842 (misspelling)
  • Tetrodon lagocephalus stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (misspelling)
  • Tetrodon lagocephalus var. stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (misspelling)
  • Tetrodon punctatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (misspelling)
  • Tetrodon stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (misspelling)
  • Tetrodon stellatus Shaw, 1804 (misspelling)
  • Tetrodon stellatus Anonymous, 1798 (misspelling)

References

  1. ^ Shao, K.; Liu, M.; Jing, L.; Hardy, G.; Leis, J.L.; Matsuura, K. (2014). "Arothron stellatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T193712A2264205. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T193712A2264205.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Starry puffer - Encyclopedia of Life".
  3. ^ a b c Lieske & Myers,Coral reef fishes,Princeton University Press, 2009, ISBN 9780691089959
  4. ^ "Arothron stellatus, Stellate puffer".
  5. ^ "Starry puffer - Encyclopedia of Life".
  6. ^ Noguchi, Tamao; Arakawa, Osamu (2008). "Tetrodotoxin – Distribution and Accumulation in Aquatic Organisms, and Cases of Human Intoxication". Marine Drugs. 6 (2): 220–42. doi:10.3390/md20080011. PMC 2525488. PMID 18728726.
  7. ^ Bailly, N. (2013). Arothron stellatus. In: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2013) FishBase. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=219928 on 2013-05-29
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arothron stellatus.
Wikispecies has information related to Arothron stellatus.

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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary

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Arothron stellatus, also known as the stellate puffer, starry puffer, starry pufferfish, or starry toadfish, is a demersal marine fish belonging to the family Tetraodontidae. It is found in shallow water in the Indo-Pacific region.

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Arothron stellatus ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Arothron stellatus es una especie de peces de la familia Tetraodontidae en el orden de los Tetraodontiformes.

Morfología

Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 120 cm de longitud total.[1]​[2]​

Hábitat

Es un pez de mar de clima tropical y asociado a los arrecifes de coral que vive entre 3-58 m de profundidad.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra desde el Mar Rojo y África Oriental hasta las Tuamotu, el sur del Japón y la isla de Lord Howe. También está presente en la costa meridional atlántico de Sudáfrica.

Referencias

  1. ↑ FishBase (en inglés)
  2. ↑ Lieske, E. i R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p.

Bibliografía

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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Arothron stellatus es una especie de peces de la familia Tetraodontidae en el orden de los Tetraodontiformes.

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Arothron stellatus ( Basque )

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Arothron stellatus Arothron generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Tetraodontidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Arothron stellatus FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Arothron stellatus Arothron generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Tetraodontidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Tähtipallokala ( Finnish )

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Tähtipallokala (Arothron stellatus) on suurikokoisin pallokalalaji.

Koko ja ulkonäkö

Tähtipallokala voi kasvaa 120 cm pitkäksi. Aikuisen kalan vartalossa on valkoisella pohjalla lukuisia pieniä mustia pisteitä,jotka lisääntyvät ja pienenevät kalan ikääntyessä. Nuoret kalat ovat oransseja, niiden selässä on mustia pilkkuja ja vatsapuolella mustia vinojuovia, joista kehittyy vähitellen pilkkuja.[3] Nuoret ovat niin erinäköisiä, että niitä pidettiin aiemmin omana lajinaan Arothron aerostaticus.[4]

Alkuperä ja elinympäristö

Tähtipallokalat ovat peräisin Indopasifiselta merialueelta. Niitä tavataan myös Etelä-Afrikan Atlantinpuoleisella rannikolla. Nuoret yksilöt pysyttelevät hiekkapohjaisilla, kasvullisuuden peittämillä alueilla laguuneissa ja riuttojen sisäosissa. Aikuiset siirtyvät usein riuttojen ulkoreunoille.[5]

Ravinto

Tähtipallokala syö koralleja, nilviäisiä ja muita selkärangattomia. Se saalistaa lähinnä öisin.[6]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Shao, K., Liu, M., Jing, L., Hardy, G., Leis, J.L. & Matsuura, K.: Arothron stellatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. 2014. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 15.1.2015. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ ITIS
  3. ↑ Australian Museum Online
  4. ↑ ITIS (junior synonym)
  5. ↑ Arothron stellatus (peilipalvelin) FishBase. Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (toim.). (englanniksi)
  6. ↑ Pet Education
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Tähtipallokala: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Tähtipallokala (Arothron stellatus) on suurikokoisin pallokalalaji.

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Arothron stellatus ( French )

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Poisson-ballon étoilé

Arothron stellatus, ou communément nommé Poisson-ballon étoilé, est une espèce de poissons marins démersale de la famille des tétrodons.

Description

Arothron stellatus est un poisson-ballon de bonne taille pouvant atteindre 120 cm de long[2]. Son corps est ovale, globuleux et relativement allongé. Le corps ne possède pas d'écailles ni de nageoires pelviennes. La nageoire dorsale et anale sont de taille réduite, situées bien en arrière du corps de manière symétrique. Sa tête est grande et sa bouche est terminale dotée de quatre fortes dents. Il a deux paires de narines sur son court museau[3].

La couleur de fond du corps est blanche à grise et le corps est constellé de points noirs disposés de manière régulière créant une livrée harmonieuse. La partie ventrale est plus claire. La taille des points est inversement proportionnel à la taille de l'individu, donc un jeune individu aura des gros points et un adulte de taille maximale aura de petits points. Les juvéniles ont une couleur de fond jaunâtre avec des traits noirs. Les jeunes adultes ont des traits noir sur la zone ventrale qui deviendront des points durant la croissance et encore des réminiscences de jaune sur le corps.

  • Arothron stellatus Prague 2011 3.jpg
  • Arothron stellatus 1.jpg
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    Au repos

  • Pez globo (Arothron stellatus), Ras Katy, Sharm el-Sheij, Egipto, 2022-03-26, DD, DD 119.jpg

Distribution & habitat

Il fréquente les eaux tropicales et subtropicales de l'Océan Indien, Mer Rouge incluse, jusqu'aux îles du centre de l'Océan Pacifique[4]. Il affectionne les pentes externes des récifs ainsi que les lagons abrités et aux eaux claires, mais toujours à proximité directe de zones sablonneuses de la surface à 58 m de profondeur[5].

Alimentation

Il se nourrit d'invertébrés benthiques, d'algues, d'éponges, de crustacés et de corail comme des pointes d'Acropora qu'il dépèce grâce à ses quatre grosses dents soudées en un bec très fort[6].

Comportement

Cet Arothron une activité diurne, il est solitaire et territorial [3].

Synonymes

Cette espèce a fait l'objet de nombreuses descriptions ayant donné lieu à des noms binomiaux non valides[7].

Liste des synonymes
  • Arothron aerostaticus (Jenyns, 1842)
  • Arothron alboreticulatus (Tanaka, 1908)
  • Arothron stellatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Chelonodon stellaris (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (Faute d'orthographe)
  • Diodon asper Cuvier, 1818
  • Kanduka michiei Hora, 1925
  • Takifugu stellatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Tetraodon aerostaticus Jenyns, 1842
  • Tetraodon aerostatious Jenyns, 1842 (Faute d'orthographe)
  • Tetraodon alboreticulatus Tanaka, 1908
  • Tetraodon calamara Rüppell, 1829
  • Tetraodon lagocephalus var. stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Tetraodon punctatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Tetraodon stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Tetraodon stellatus Anonymous, 1798
  • Tetraodon stellatus Shaw, 1804
  • Tetrodon aerostaticus Jenyns, 1842 (misspelling)
  • Tetrodon lagocephalus stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Faute d'orthographe)
  • Tetrodon lagocephalus var. stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Faute d'orthographe)
  • Tetrodon punctatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Faute d'orthographe)
  • Tetrodon stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Faute d'orthographe)
  • Tetrodon stellatus Shaw, 1804 (Faute d'orthographe)
  • Tetrodon stellatus Anonymous, 1798 (Faute d'orthographe)

Références taxinomiques

Références

  1. ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), www.itis.gov, CC0 https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK, consulté le 13 avril 2015
  2. ↑ « Starry puffer - Encyclopedia of Life », sur eol.org (consulté le 27 avril 2021).
  3. ↑ a et b Andreas Vilcinskas, La vie sous-marine des tropiques, Vigot, coll. « Guide Vigot De La Nature », 2002 (ISBN 2711415252)
  4. ↑ « Starry puffer - Encyclopedia of Life », sur eol.org (consulté le 27 avril 2021).
  5. ↑ « Arothron stellatus summary page », sur FishBase (consulté le 27 août 2020).
  6. ↑ Andrea et Antonella Ferrari (trad. de l'italien par Dominique Le Bouteiller Johnson), Guide des récifs coralliens : la faune sous-marine des coraux [« Barriere corraline »], Paris, Delachaux et Niestlé, coll. « Les compagnons du naturaliste », 2000 (1re éd. 1999), 288 p. (ISBN 2603011936), Poisson-ballon étoilé page 156
  7. ↑ Bailly, N. (2013). Arothron stellatus. In: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2013) FishBase. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=219928 on 2013-05-29
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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( French )

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Poisson-ballon étoilé

Arothron stellatus, ou communément nommé Poisson-ballon étoilé, est une espèce de poissons marins démersale de la famille des tétrodons.

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Arothron stellatus ( Italian )

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Il pesce palla stellato (Arothron stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801) è un pesce del genere Arothron della famiglia dei Tetraodontidae.

Descrizione

È caratterizzato da una livrea bianco/azzurra, con numerosissime macchie disposte lungo profili curvilinei. Può raggiungere le ragguardevoli dimensioni di 100 cm.

Habitat e distribuzione

Tipico del Mar Rosso, vive ad una profondità compresa tra gli 0 e i 50 metri.

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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il pesce palla stellato (Arothron stellatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801) è un pesce del genere Arothron della famiglia dei Tetraodontidae.

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Reuzenkogelvis ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

De reuzenkogelvis (Arothron stellatus) is de grootste soort kogelvis die vaak te vinden is boven zandbodems van lagunes van koraalriffen. De Engelse naam is Starry toadfish.

Kenmerken

Deze schuwe vis heeft een langwerpig ovaal en zwartgestippeld lichaam. De ogen zijn groot en rond. De stevige bek bevat scherpe tandplaten. De kogelvis zwemt door bewegingen van de rug- en aarsvinnen. Hij kan tot 120 cm lang worden.

Wikimedia Commons Zie de categorie Arothron stellatus van Wikimedia Commons voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.
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Reuzenkogelvis: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De reuzenkogelvis (Arothron stellatus) is de grootste soort kogelvis die vaak te vinden is boven zandbodems van lagunes van koraalriffen. De Engelse naam is Starry toadfish.

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Arotron wielki ( Polish )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Wikisłownik Hasło w Wikisłowniku

Arotron wielki[2], arotron[3], arotron rdzawy[3] (Arothron stellatus) – gatunek morskiej ryby rozdymkokształtnej z rodziny rozdymkowatych (Tetraodontidae).

Występowanie

Ocean Indyjski i Pacyfik od Mora Czerwonego i południowych wybrzeży Południowej Afryki na zachodzie, po Wyspy Tuamotu na wschodzie, oraz od południowej Japonii na północy po wyspę Lord Howe na południu.

Żyje na głębokości 3–58 m. Młode osobniki przebywają na rafach lub w płytkich przybrzeżnych wodach, często w słonawych ujściach rzek, w mętnej wodzie. Osobniki dorosłe przebywają w przejrzystych lagunach lub na stokach raf od strony morza, często pływają w toni lub przy powierzchni wody.

Cechy morfologiczne

Dorasta średnio do 54 cm (maksymalnie 120 cm). Ciało pokryte kolcami. W płetwie grzbietowej 10–12 promieni, w płetwie odbytowej 10–11 promieni. W płetwach piersiowych 17–20 promieni, płetw brzusznych brak.

Ciało pokryte ciemnymi plamkami. U młodych osobników na brzuchu występują ciemne pasy, które z wiekiem zamieniają się w plamy. U dorosłych osobników plamy na płetwach mogą lecz nie muszą występować.

Rozród

Larwy są pelagiczne i mogą być przenoszone na duże odległości.

Znaczenie

Brak znaczenia gospodarczego. Mięso trujące po spożyciu.

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Arothron stellatus, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. ↑ Eugeniusz Grabda, Tomasz Heese: Polskie nazewnictwo popularne krągłouste i ryby - Cyclostomata et Pisces. Koszalin: Wyższa Szkoła Inżynierska w Koszalinie, 1991.
  3. ↑ a b Stanisław Rutkowicz: Encyklopedia ryb morskich. Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Morskie, 1982. ISBN 83-215-2103-7.

Bibliografia

  • Atrothron stelbatuss. (ang.) w: Froese, R. & D. Pauly. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org [dostęp 1 maja 2010]
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Arotron wielki: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Arotron wielki, arotron, arotron rdzawy (Arothron stellatus) – gatunek morskiej ryby rozdymkokształtnej z rodziny rozdymkowatych (Tetraodontidae).

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Arothron stellatus ( Portuguese )

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O peixe-balão-estrelado, peixe-balão-gordo-estrelado, baiacu-estrelado ou bombinha-estrelada (Arothron stellatus) é um peixe-balão do gênero Arothron. Considerado gigante entre os peixes-balão, este peixe chega a alcançar mais de um metro de comprimento. Tem a pele flexível, sem escamas, mas coberta de espinhos dérmicos duros. Quando ameaçado, enche o corpo de água do mar, recorrendo a uma bolsa situada perto do estômago, e toma a forma de esfera de espinhos.[1]

Referências

  1. ↑ «Arothron stellatus summary page». FishBase (em inglês). Consultado em 13 de março de 2018
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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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O peixe-balão-estrelado, peixe-balão-gordo-estrelado, baiacu-estrelado ou bombinha-estrelada (Arothron stellatus) é um peixe-balão do gênero Arothron. Considerado gigante entre os peixes-balão, este peixe chega a alcançar mais de um metro de comprimento. Tem a pele flexível, sem escamas, mas coberta de espinhos dérmicos duros. Quando ameaçado, enche o corpo de água do mar, recorrendo a uma bolsa situada perto do estômago, e toma a forma de esfera de espinhos.

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Arothron stellatus ( Vietnamese )

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Arothron stellatus là một loài cá nóc trong họ Tetraodontidae (họ Cá nóc). Loài này sinh sống ở vùng biển Ấn Độ Dương và Thái Bình Dương.

Chú thích

  1. ^ Shao, K.; Liu, M.; Jing, L.; Hardy, G.; Leis, J.L.; Matsuura, K. (2014). “Arothron stellatus”. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN) 2014: e.T193712A2264205. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T193712A2264205.en. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 1 năm 2018.

Tham khảo

src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Arothron stellatus src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Arothron stellatus


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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Arothron stellatus là một loài cá nóc trong họ Tetraodontidae (họ Cá nóc). Loài này sinh sống ở vùng biển Ấn Độ Dương và Thái Bình Dương.

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Arothron stellatus ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Группа: Рыбы
Группа: Костные рыбы
Подкласс: Новопёрые рыбы
Инфракласс: Костистые рыбы
Надотряд: Колючепёрые
Серия: Перкоморфы
Подотряд: Иглобрюховидные
Семейство: Иглобрюхие
Подсемейство: Tetraodontinae
Вид: Arothron stellatus
Международное научное название

Arothron stellatus
(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

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Arothron stellatus (лат.) — вид тропических лучепёрых рыб из семейства иглобрюхих, самые крупные рыбы семейства.

Общие сведения

Рыба достигает в длину 1,2 метра. Обитает в Красном море, в акваториях Индийского и Тихого океанов, от побережья Восточной и Южной Африки до южной Японии, островов Туамоту и Лорд-Хау. В прибрежных водах Южной Африки этот вид встречается и в юго-восточной Атлантике. В то же время рыба попадается человеку относительно редко. Молодые её особи водятся прежде всего в песчаных и илистых устьях приморских рек. Более старые рыбы предпочитают чистые, прозрачные лагуны, а также воды, прилегающие к коралловым рифам. Питаются рыбы иглокожими и другими беспозвоночными — моллюсками, а также ракообразными.

Внешний вид

Для молодых рыб этого вида характерен плотных узор из коричнево-чёрных и жёлто-белых полос, поднимающихся от брюшка к спине изогнутыми линиями. Со временем «полосатый» узор постепенно распадается и преображается в комбинацию из крупных точек на спине у рыбы. Кожа рыбы лишена чешуи и покрыта маленькими иглами.

Литература

  • Baensch, Patzner: Mergus Meerwasser-Atlas Band 6 Non-Perciformes (Nicht-Barschartige). Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-116-X
  • Ewald Lieske, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische der Welt. Jahr Top Special Verlag Hamburg, ISBN 3-86132-112-2
  • Dieter Eichler, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische Indopazifik. Jahr-Verlag GmbG & Co., ISBN 3-86132-225-0

Галерея

  • Arothron stellatus.jpg
  • Arothron stellatus ballooned.jpg
  • Giant Pufferfish.JPG
  • Arothron stellatus Prague 2011 1.jpg
  • Arothron stellatus Prague 2011 3.jpg
  • Arothron stellatus Prague 2011 4.jpg
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Arothron stellatus: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Arothron stellatus (лат.) — вид тропических лучепёрых рыб из семейства иглобрюхих, самые крупные рыбы семейства.

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星斑叉鼻鲀 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Arothron stellatus
(Bloch et Schneider, 1801)[1]

星斑叉鼻鲀（学名：Arothron stellatus）为輻鰭魚綱魨形目四齒魨亞目四齒鲀科叉鼻鲀属的鱼类。分布于太平洋及印度洋、西达红海西北端的苏伊士港、西南达非洲南端伊利莎白港以西的克奈斯那、往东经印度及马来半岛诸海、到印度尼西亚和菲律宾、台湾，包括南海等海域，属于热带海洋底层鱼类；棲息深度3-58公尺，體長可達120公分，稚魚棲息在海草生長的礁岩內側，成魚則棲息在水質清澈的潟湖、臨海礁石，生活習性不明，有劇毒。该物种的模式产地在毛里求斯。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 中国科学院动物研究所. 星斑叉鼻鲀. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）.
src= 维基物种中的分类信息：星斑叉鼻鲀
American whitespotted filefish.jpg 星斑叉鼻鲀是一個與魨形目相關的小作品。你可以通过編輯或修訂擴充其內容。
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星斑叉鼻鲀: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

星斑叉鼻鲀（学名：Arothron stellatus）为輻鰭魚綱魨形目四齒魨亞目四齒鲀科叉鼻鲀属的鱼类。分布于太平洋及印度洋、西达红海西北端的苏伊士港、西南达非洲南端伊利莎白港以西的克奈斯那、往东经印度及马来半岛诸海、到印度尼西亚和菲律宾、台湾，包括南海等海域，属于热带海洋底层鱼类；棲息深度3-58公尺，體長可達120公分，稚魚棲息在海草生長的礁岩內側，成魚則棲息在水質清澈的潟湖、臨海礁石，生活習性不明，有劇毒。该物种的模式产地在毛里求斯。

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Description

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Considered as the giant among puffers reaching a total length well in excess of a meter. Relatively uncommon in patch reefs and coral slopes near sandy areas of clear lagoon and seaward reefs.

Reference

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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