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Habitat

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Blasius's horseshoe bats live in temperate climates and prefer savanna woodlands, although they are occasionally found in desert regions as well. They roost in caves, mines, under piles of boulders, and sometimes in human dwellings, roosting in attics and cellars.

Habitat Regions: temperate ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes: desert or dune ; savanna or grassland ; scrub forest

Other Habitat Features: caves

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Benefits

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The ecosystem roles of R. blasii can also have a positive impact on humans. These bats eat moths that can be agricultural and household pests. Bat guano can be used as fertilizer in gardens and on farms.

Positive Impacts: produces fertilizer; controls pest population

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Benefits

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Although there are no known adverse effects of R. blasii on humans, their occasional tendency to roost in attics and cellars can be seen as invasive, and therefore they can be considered by some as household pests.

Negative Impacts: household pest

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Conservation Status

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Although R. blasii is listed as "Least Concern" on the IUCN 2008 Red List, populations are still in decline, and this species has become regionally extinct in some areas, such as Italy. Threats to Blasius's horseshoe bats include loss or disruption of roosting sites and foraging habitat. Populations are uncommon in Africa, and in Europe populations are also quite limited. However, Asian populations seem healthy. Rhinolophus basii is legally protected in some areas by the international Bonn and Bern Conventions. Some nations have set up their own legislation to protect this species, and Special Areas for Conservation have been established under the guidelines of the EU Habitats and Species Directive.

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

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Behavior

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Like most bats, Blasius's horseshoe bats use echolocation to navigate and locate prey. Echolocation calls have a signal duration of around 40 to 50 milliseconds and a distinctive constant-frequency, with a signal of 93 to 98 kHz. Information on intraspecific communication is not reported, except that females find their young with auditory and olfactory cues.

Communication Channels: acoustic ; chemical

Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; echolocation ; chemical

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Associations

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Because it is an insectivorous species, one important ecosystem role of R. blasii is the control of insects, mainly nocturnal moths. Bats are also known for their highly phosphorus and nitrogen rich excrement which is beneficial to soil.

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Trophic Strategy

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Blasius's horseshoe bats are insectivorous, with a diet mainly consisting of nocturnal moths, including those of the families Lasiocampidae, Noctuidae, and Geometridae.

Animal Foods: insects

Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )

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Distribution

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Rhinolophus blasii is found in parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is widespread, but with a patchy distribution. Blasius's horseshoe bats live in many parts of southern Europe, including the Balkan peninsula, Greece, and on some Mediterranean islands such as Cyprus and Crete. They were once found in parts of northern Italy, but are now thought to be extirpated from this region. They are also found in many parts of the Middle East, including Turkey, Pakistan, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen. They are found throughout much of Africa, including Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, and the Transvaal region.

Biogeographic Regions: palearctic (Native ); oriental (Native ); ethiopian (Native )

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Life Expectancy

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No specific information was found on the lifespan of Blasius's horseshoe bats, however, bats in the genus Rhinolophus can live to 6 or 7 years.

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Morphology

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Blasius's horseshoe bats are medium sized bats with medium sized ears and broad wings. They are normally light brown with hints of grey, lilac, and cream colors in their long fur. They have distinctive horseshoe shaped noseleaves, from which horseshoe bats take their name. The noseleaf of Blasius's horseshoe bats is broad but covers only part of the muzzle. The wings are short and broad, which allows for greater maneuverability. The skull is gracile, which indicates that its diet consists of soft foods rather than the hard shelled insects eaten by bats with more robust skulls. The negative tilt of the head identifies R. blasii as a nasal emitter; their high frequency echolocation calls radiate from the nostrils as opposed to the mouth. Blasius's horseshoe bats have a 1-1-2-3, 2-1-3-3 dentition, with relatively strong, short upper canines. They are sexually dimorphic, with the female being the larger of the two sexes.

Range mass: 10 (low) g.

Average mass: 12-15 g.

Range length: 44 to 56 mm.

Average length: 46.5-54 mm.

Average wingspan: 280 mm.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry

Sexual Dimorphism: female larger

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Associations

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No specific information on the predation of R. blasii was obtained, however, one can assume that animals known to prey on other bats might also prey on this species. These include owls, snakes, and sometimes other bats. In general, bats have a fairly low rate of predation.

Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic

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Reproduction

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No information was found on mating systems of Blasius's horseshoe bats.

Many bats in the family Rhinolophidae use a system of delayed fertilization, especially species living in temperate climates. Most Rhinolophus species give birth to a single offspring. Blasius's horseshoe bats form nursery colonies in caves, with up to 200 females.

Breeding interval: Blasius' horseshoe bats breed once yearly.

Breeding season: Breeding season falls within the early wet season, which is variable from November to the earlier part of January.

Average number of offspring: 1.

Average gestation period: 7 weeks.

Average weaning age: 4 weeks.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 2 years.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 2 years.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; sperm-storing ; delayed fertilization

In Rhinolophus species, parental care is the sole duty of the mother. After birth, mothers nurse their infants several times a day. Females have two pairs of non-lactating nipples, known as dummy teats, which the infants grasp with their hands and feet when they are carried by their mothers. Mothers generally leave their infants in nursery colonies when they forage, as carrying young can affect maneuverability during flight. Upon returning to nurseries, mothers identify their own young through special infant-mother echolocation calls and by scent. Females bats are not known for teaching their young hunting and foraging skills, but some species have been observed to provision juveniles during the fragile time between weaning and independence.

Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Female)

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Blazius nalburunu ( Azerbaijani )

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Blasiuz nalburnu (lat. Rhinolophus blasii) Nalburunlar fəsiləsinə (lat. Rhinolophidae) aid yarasa növüdür.

Qısa təsviri

Ölçüləri ortadır: bədəninin uzunluğu 46-54 mm, bazusu 43,5-49,0 mm, kütləsi 10,5-13,3 qramdır. Yəhərin forması armudşəkilli, nəştərin köndələn qırışının ortasında büküm vardır.

Yayılması

Arealı Cənubi Avropanı, Şimalı və Şərqi Afrikanı, Ön, Kiçik və Orta Asiyanı, İranıƏfqanıstanı əhatə edir. Azərbaycan hüdudlarında Böyük Qafqazın cənub yamaclarında (Şamaxı ətrafı) və Kiçik Qafqazda (Şuşa, Ordubad ətrafı, Şahbuz rayonunun, Marallı kəndi) 750-1400 m hündürlüklərdə aşkar edilmişdir.

Həyat tərzi

Bu fərdlər dağ meşələri qurşagına və dağüstü kserofitlərə uyğunlaşmışdır. Yalnız yeraltı sığınacaqlarda aşkar edilmişdir ki, bu da həmin növ üçün səciyyəvidir[1]. İstər Azərbaycanda (yığınlarda 10-dan artıq heyvan olmamışdır), istərsə də arealın Avropa hissəsində azsaylıdır. Bu nalburunların ən böyük miqdarı (500-ə qədər) 1962-ci ilin noyabırında Azərbaycanın İranla həmsərhəd rayonlarında tapılmışdır[2]. Nadir və azsaylı növdür.

Ədəbiyyat

  • Azərbaycanın heyvanlar aləmi, III hssə, Onurğalılar, Bakı, elm nəşriyyatı, 2004.

İstinadlar

  1. Рахматулина И.К. Антропогенных трансформация фауны рукокрылых Восточного Закавказья и тенденция ее изменения // Рукокрылые (Материалы совещ. VI по рукокрылым стран СНГ). Худжанд, 1995, 54-59.
  2. Lay D.M. A study of the mammals of Iran resulting from the Street Expedition of 1962-63// Fieldina: Zool., 1967, 54; 282 p.

Xarici keçidlər

http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19515/0Rhinolophus blasii

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Blazius nalburunu: Brief Summary ( Azerbaijani )

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Blasiuz nalburnu (lat. Rhinolophus blasii) Nalburunlar fəsiləsinə (lat. Rhinolophidae) aid yarasa növüdür.

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Frigribell Blasius ( Breton )

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Frigribell Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii) a zo un askell-groc'hen eus Eurazia hag Afrika.

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Ratpenat de ferradura de Blasius ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El ratpenat de ferradura de Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii>) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels rinolòfids. Viu a l'Afganistan, Albània, Algèria, Armènia, Àustria, Azerbaidjan, Bòsnia i Hercegovina, Botswana, Bulgària, República del Congo, República Democràtica del Congo, Croàcia, Xipre, Eritrea, Etiòpia, Grècia, Iran, Israel, Jordània, Líbia, Malawi, Montenegro, Marroc, Moçambic, Oman, Pakistan, Territoris Palestins, Sèrbia, Somàlia, Sud-àfrica, Swazilàndia, República Àrab Siriana, Tanzània, Turquia, Turkmenistan, Iemen, Zàmbia i Zimbabwe. El seu hàbitat natural són en matolls i boscos, tot i que pot penetrar en l'hàbitat del desert. No hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie, tot i que està afectada per la pèrdua dels boscos mediterranis, la pertorbació i la pèrdua d'hàbitats subterranis, i la destrucció de llocs de descans.[1]

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Ratpenat de ferradura de Blasius Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  1. Jacobs, D., Cotterill, F.P.D., Taylor, P.J., Aulagnier, S., Nagy, Z. & Karataş, A.. Rhinolophus blasii. UICN 2008. Llista Vermella d'espècies amenaçades de la UICN, edició 2008, consultada el 29-04-2013.
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Ratpenat de ferradura de Blasius: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El ratpenat de ferradura de Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii>) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels rinolòfids. Viu a l'Afganistan, Albània, Algèria, Armènia, Àustria, Azerbaidjan, Bòsnia i Hercegovina, Botswana, Bulgària, República del Congo, República Democràtica del Congo, Croàcia, Xipre, Eritrea, Etiòpia, Grècia, Iran, Israel, Jordània, Líbia, Malawi, Montenegro, Marroc, Moçambic, Oman, Pakistan, Territoris Palestins, Sèrbia, Somàlia, Sud-àfrica, Swazilàndia, República Àrab Siriana, Tanzània, Turquia, Turkmenistan, Iemen, Zàmbia i Zimbabwe. El seu hàbitat natural són en matolls i boscos, tot i que pot penetrar en l'hàbitat del desert. No hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie, tot i que està afectada per la pèrdua dels boscos mediterranis, la pertorbació i la pèrdua d'hàbitats subterranis, i la destrucció de llocs de descans.

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Blasius-Hufeisennase ( German )

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Die Blasius-Hufeisennase (Rhinolophus blasii) ist eine Fledermaus aus der Familie der Hufeisennasen.

Sie ist eine mittelgroße Fledermaus und entspricht in der Größe der Mittelmeer-Hufeisennase (Rhinolophus euryale) und der Meheley-Hufeisennase (Rhinolophus mehelyi). Die IUCN stuft die Blasius-Hufeisennase als „potenziell gefährdet“ ein (near threatened).

Merkmale

Die Kopfrumpflänge der Blasius-Hufeisennase beträgt 45 bis 55 mm, die Schwanzlänge 25 bis 30 mm und ihre Flügelspannweite liegt bei 27 (22[1]) bis 31 cm. Sie wiegt im Schnitt zwischen 12 und 16,5 g. Das Fell ist locker, die Oberseite ist graubraun, häufig mit einer lila Tonart, die Haaransätze und die Unterseite sind beinah weiß. Um die Augen hat sie eine allenfalls angedeutete „Brille“. Von der Mittelmeer-Hufeisennase und der Meheley-Hufeisennase unterscheidet sie sich vor allem durch die Form der Nasenaufwüchse und die Fingerlänge.

Verbreitung, Lebensraum und Lebensweise

 src=
Verbreitungsgebiete der Blasius-Hufeisennase

Die Blasius-Hufeisennase ist in Europa nur im östlichen Mittelmeerraum verbreitet, ihr Verbreitungsgebiet reicht von der Türkei über den Balkan bis nach West-Italien, Sizilien und Malta. Außerdem findet man sie im Nahen Osten sowie an der nordafrikanischen Küste sowie in weiteren Teilen Afrikas. Sie bewohnt Karstgebiete mit Sträuchern und Bäumen.

Die Sommerquartiere mit bis zu 300 Weibchen und die Winterquartiere mit bis zu 3000 Tieren liegen fast immer in Höhlen und kaum einmal innerhalb von Gebäuden. Die Blasius-Hufeisennase teilt ihre Behausung oft mit anderen Fledermäusen, darunter die Mittelmeer-Hufeisennase, Große Hufeisennase, Wimperfledermaus, Großes Mausohr, Kleines Mausohr, Langflügelfledermaus und Langfußfledermaus.[1]

Schutz

Die Blasius-Hufeisennase wird von der Europäischen Union in den Anhängen II und IV der FFH-Richtlinie geführt und gilt somit als streng zu schützende Art von gemeinschaftlichem Interesse, für deren Erhalt besondere Schutzgebiete ausgewiesen werden müssen.

Literatur

  • Wilfried Schober, Eckhard Grimmberger: Die Fledermäuse Europas – Kennen, bestimmen, schützen. 2. aktualisierte Auflage, Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07597-4.

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b Klaus Richarz. Fledermäuse beobachten, erkennen und schützen. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2004 ISBN 978-3-440-09691-8 S. 103

Weblinks

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Blasius-Hufeisennase: Brief Summary ( German )

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Die Blasius-Hufeisennase (Rhinolophus blasii) ist eine Fledermaus aus der Familie der Hufeisennasen.

Sie ist eine mittelgroße Fledermaus und entspricht in der Größe der Mittelmeer-Hufeisennase (Rhinolophus euryale) und der Meheley-Hufeisennase (Rhinolophus mehelyi). Die IUCN stuft die Blasius-Hufeisennase als „potenziell gefährdet“ ein (near threatened).

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Blasius's horseshoe bat

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Blasius's horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus blasii) is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Rhinolophidae found throughout large parts of the Mediterranean, Middle East and Africa.

Taxonomy

Blasius's horseshoe bat was described as a new species in 1866 by German naturalist Wilhelm Peters. The holotype had been collected in Italy.[2] The eponym for the species name "blasii" was German zoologist Johann Heinrich Blasius.[3]

Description

Individuals have forearm lengths of 43–48 mm (1.7–1.9 in) and weigh 7–13 g (0.25–0.46 oz), making it small for an African horseshoe bat.[2]

Biology and ecology

Blasius's horseshoe bat is insectivorous, consuming moths, termites, beetles, and flies, among other kinds. It hunts for its prey by hawking, or catching insects on the wing, or gleaning, which means plucking insects off foliage or the ground. Its social behaviors are poorly understood, but it will roost singly or in small groups. Group foraging consisting of up to five individuals has been reported in Malawi. They have one annual breeding season, and females give birth to a single young.[2]

Range and habitat

Blasius's horseshoe bat has been documented at a range of elevations from 0–2,215 m (0–7,267 ft) above sea level. It has a large geographic range, though its populations are patchily distributed. Its range includes Africa, Asia, and Europe. It is extinct in Italy, and possibly extinct in Slovenia. Its habitat includes deserts, savannas, shrublands, and forests.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus blasii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19515A21972073. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T19515A21972073.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Happold, M. (2013). Kingdon, J.; Happold, D.; Butynski, T.; Hoffmann, M.; Happold, M.; Kalina, J. (eds.). Mammals of Africa. Vol. 4. A&C Black. pp. 312–313. ISBN 9781408189962.
  3. ^ Peters, W. (1866). "Über einige neue oder weniger bekannte Flederthiere" [About some new or lesser known bats]. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin (in German): 17.
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Blasius's horseshoe bat: Brief Summary

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Blasius's horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus blasii) is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Rhinolophidae found throughout large parts of the Mediterranean, Middle East and Africa.

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Rhinolophus blasii ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El murciélago dálmata de herradura o de Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii) es una especie de murciélago microquiróptero de la familia Rhinolophidae.[2]

Descripción

Su pelaje es suave y sedoso, con el límite dorso-ventral definido.[3]​ El color del dorso es gris-pardo, siendo a veces muy claro y en el vientre es amarillento o blanquecino.[4]​ La excreción nasal (herradura) es ancha y de color carne.[3]​ Orejas y patagio gris claro.[4]​ Sus alas son anchas y cortas, lo que le permite una mayor maniobralidad.[5]

Es un murciélago de herradura de tamaño medio, su longitud cabeza-cuerpo oscila entre 44,5 y 54 mm y la cola entre 25 y 30 mm.[3]

Su fórmula dentaria es la siguiente: 1/2, 1/1, 2/3, 3/3 = 32.[3]

Distribución y hábitat

Está ampliamente extendido, pero su distribución es fragmentaria. En Europa, donde es posiblemente el murciélago de herradura más raro, se encuentra en los Balcanes y algunas islas mediterráneas como Creta y Chipre.[1]​ En Asia se extiende desde Turquía hasta Pakistán, y desde el Cáucaso hasta Yemen.[1]​ En África, se encuentra desde el noreste de Sudáfrica hasta la República Democrática del Congo, así como en África oriental y el Magreb.[1]

Se encuentran en climas templados, con preferencia por los bosques de la sabana, pese a que ocasionalmente se encuentran en las regiones desérticas.[5]​ Refugios estivales e invernales en lugares subterráneos naturales y artificiales, ocasionalmente en áticos de viviendas.[1]

Comportamiento

Es de hábitos nocturnos y descansa en cuevas, donde cuelga libremente sin contacto corporal con otros murciélagos.[3]Hiberna en invierno y es sedentario.[5]​ Forma colonias de cría de entre 50 y 300 individuos, a veces asociados a otros especies de murciélagos de su mismo género o al murciélago de cueva (Miniopterus schreibersii).[4]​ El tamaño de la camada suele ser de una sola cría.[3]

Su alimentación se compone exclusivamente de lepidópteros.[4]

Subespecies

Se reconocen las siguientes subespecies:[2]

Referencias

  1. a b c d e Jacobs, D., Cotterill, F.P.D., Taylor, P.J., Aulagnier, S., Nagy, Z. y Karataş, A. (2008). «Rhinolophus blasii». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2010.4 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 9 de junio de 2011.
  2. a b Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World (en inglés) (3ª edición). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols. (2142 pp.). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
  3. a b c d e f MacDonald, David y Barrett, Priscilla (2005). Guía de Campo de los Mamíferos de España y de Europa. Barcelona, España: Ediciones Omega. p. 370. ISBN 978-84-282-1490-2.
  4. a b c d Aulagnier, S., Haffner, P., Mitchell-Jones, A. J., Moutou, F. y Zima, J. (2009). Guía de los Mamíferos de Europa, del norte de África y de Oriente Medio. Barcelona, España: Lynx Edicions. p. 274. ISBN 978-84-96553-52-1.
  5. a b c Cooper, C. y S. Frost (2009). «Rhinolophus blasii (On-line), Animal Diversity Web» (en inglés). Consultado el 9 de junio de 2011.

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Rhinolophus blasii: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El murciélago dálmata de herradura o de Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii) es una especie de murciélago microquiróptero de la familia Rhinolophidae.​

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Rhinolophus blasii ( Basque )

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Rhinolophus blasii Rhinolophus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Rhinolophidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Peters (1866) 1866 Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 17. or..

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Rhinolophus blasii: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Rhinolophus blasii Rhinolophus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Rhinolophidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Blasinhevosenkenkäyökkö ( Finnish )

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Blasinhevosenkenkäyökkö (Rhinolophus blasii) on lepakko, joka elää Välimerellä, Pohjois-Afrikassa ja Lähi-Idässä.[1]

Lepakon pituus on noin viisi senttiä, ja siipien kärkiväli noin 28 cm. Se painaa noin kymmenen grammaa.[2] Blasinhevosenkenkäyököt viihtyvät pienissä 3-4 yksilön ryhmissä. Ravinnokseen laji käyttää hyönteisiä.[3]

Lähteet

  1. a b Jacobs, D., Cotterill, F.P.D., Taylor, P.J., Aulagnier, S., Nagy, Z. & Karataş, A.: Rhinolophus blasii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1. 2008. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 10.7.2014. (englanniksi)
  2. cooper, c. and S. Frost. 2009. Rhinolophus blasii Animal Diversity Web
  3. John D. Skinner ja Christian T. Chimimba: The mammals of the southern African subregion, 3. painos, s. 342. Cambridge University Press, 2005. ISBN 9780521844185. (englanniksi)
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Blasinhevosenkenkäyökkö: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Blasinhevosenkenkäyökkö (Rhinolophus blasii) on lepakko, joka elää Välimerellä, Pohjois-Afrikassa ja Lähi-Idässä.

Lepakon pituus on noin viisi senttiä, ja siipien kärkiväli noin 28 cm. Se painaa noin kymmenen grammaa. Blasinhevosenkenkäyököt viihtyvät pienissä 3-4 yksilön ryhmissä. Ravinnokseen laji käyttää hyönteisiä.

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Rhinolophus blasii ( French )

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Le Rhinolophe de Blasius[1] (Rhinolophus blasii) est une espèce de chauve-souris fer à cheval de la famille des Rhinolophidae.

Description

Le Rhinolophe de Blasius a un "Fer à cheval" large, de couleur chair, les oreilles et les membranes alaires de couleur gris clair. Il a un pelage peu dense, la base des poils est très clair, presque blanc. Il est de taille moyenne. Son dos est brun grisé, en partie légèrement teinté de lilas, le ventre est presque blanc ou légèrement jaunâtre, nettement délimité. Les "lunettes" sont sombres autour des yeux presque absentes. L'appendice nasal avec partie médiane.

  • Longueur tête-corps : 4,6-5,4 cm
  • Longueur de la queue : 2,5-3 cm
  • Longueur de l'avant-bras : 4,5-4,8 cm
  • Envergure : 22-31 cm
  • Poids : 12-16,5 g

Répartition

Ensemble du bassin méditerranéen, avec le Rhinolophe euryale, mais aire plus limitée vers le nord.

Mœurs et habitat

Vit dans des régions karstique chaudes composées d'arbres et d'arbustes dispersés. Quartier d'été (jusqu'à 300 femelles) et d'hiver (jusqu'à 2.000 individus) dans des grottes. Chasse de la même manière que le Rhinolophe euryale.

Notes et références

Annexes

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Rhinolophus blasii: Brief Summary ( French )

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Le Rhinolophe de Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii) est une espèce de chauve-souris fer à cheval de la famille des Rhinolophidae.

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Crú-ialtóg Blasius ( Irish )

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Is ainmhí í an chrú-ialtóg Blasius. Mamach atá ann.


Ainmhí
Is síol ainmhí é an t-alt seo. Cuir leis, chun cuidiú leis an Vicipéid.
Má tá alt níos forbartha le fáil i dteanga eile, is féidir leat aistriúchán Gaeilge a dhéanamh.


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Rhinolophus blasii ( Italian )

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Il ferro di cavallo di Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii Peters, 1867) è un Pipistrello della famiglia dei Rinolofidi diffuso in Africa, Europa meridionale e Medio Oriente.[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Pipistrello di medie dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 46,5 e 54 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 43 e 50 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 19 e 35 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 8 e 11 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 15,8 e 22 mm e un peso fino a 15 g.[3]

Aspetto

La pelliccia è di media lunghezza, densa, soffice e lanuginosa. Le parti dorsali variano dal fulvo-grigiastro al grigio-brunastro talvolta con delle sfumature color lilla, mentre le parti ventrali sono considerevolmente più chiare. Le orecchie sono relativamente corte e bruno-grigiastre. La foglia nasale presenta una lancetta triangolare, con i bordi leggermente concavi e la punta arrotondata, un processo connettivo ben sviluppato e con l'estremità stretta ed appuntita, una sella priva di peli, con i bordi convergenti verso l'alto e l'estremità stretta e piegata in avanti. La porzione anteriore è stretta, non copre interamente il muso, è priva di fogliette laterali e ha un incavo centrale indistinto alla base. Il labbro inferiore ha tre solchi longitudinali ben sviluppati, eccetto nella sottospecie R.b.empusa dove sono poco definiti. Le membrane alari sono bruno-grigiastre scure, la prima falange del quarto dito è relativamente lunga. La coda è lunga ed inclusa completamente nell'ampio uropatagio. Il primo premolare superiore è piccolo e situato lungo la linea alveolare.

Ecolocazione

Emette ultrasuoni ad alto ciclo di lavoro con impulsi a frequenza costante di 93-98 kHz e di durata di circa 40-50 mS.

Biologia

Comportamento

Si rifugia in estate all'interno di grotte calcaree e cavità artificiali nella parte più meridionale del suo areale, mentre nei sottotetti di grandi edifici più a nord, prevalentemente in ambienti caldi dove forma colonie composte da qualche decina a qualche migliaio di individui. Sono stati osservati vivai fino a 300 femmine. Entra in ibernazione nei periodi più freddi occupando siti sotterranei. Si tratta di una specie sedentaria.

Alimentazione

Si nutre di insetti, particolarmente lepidotteri e coleotteri catturati in volo.

Riproduzione

Le femmine danno alla luce un piccolo alla volta tra giugno e luglio, localmente anche in agosto. Gli accoppiamenti solitamente avvengono tra l'autunno e l'inverno, seguiti da un ritardo dello sviluppo embrionale durante i periodi di ibernazione. I nascituri diventano indipendenti dopo circa un mese di vita e vengono svezzati dopo un altro mese.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa nell'Africa nord-occidentale, orientale e meridionale, in Europa meridionale e nel Medio oriente da Israele fino al Pakistan nord-orientale. La sua presenza in Italia nella provincia di Trieste[4] non è stata confermata.[5]

Vive in boschi e arbusteti fino a 2.215 metri di altitudine, sebbene possa inoltrarsi anche in aree desertiche .

Tassonomia

Sono state riconosciute 4 sottospecie:

Stato di conservazione

La IUCN Red List, considerato che questa specie è ampiamente diffusa, anche se in alcune aree come i Balcani sia in declino e in altre stabile, classifica R.blasii come specie a rischio minimo (LC). Probabilmente è il rinolofo più raro in Europa.[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Jacobs, D., Cotterill, F.P.D., Taylor, P.J., Aulagnier, S., Nagy, Z. & Karatas, A. 2008, Rhinolophus blasii, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Rhinolophus blasii, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  3. ^ Aulagnier & Al., 2011.
  4. ^ Spagnesi M., De Marinis A.M. (a cura di), Mammiferi d'Italia - Quad. Cons. Natura n.14 (PDF), Ministero dell'Ambiente - Istituto Nazionale Fauna Selvatica, 2002.
  5. ^ (EN) Loy et al., Mammals of Italy: an annotated checklist, in Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy, 2019.

Bibliografia

  • Stephan Aulagnier & Al., Guide des mammiferes d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Moyen-Orient, Delachaux & Niestlé SA, Parigi, 2011, ISBN 978-88-89999-70-7.
  • Meredith & David C.D.Happold, Mammals of Africa. Volume IV-Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats, Bloomsbury, 2013. ISBN 9781408122549

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Rhinolophus blasii: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il ferro di cavallo di Blasius (Rhinolophus blasii Peters, 1867) è un Pipistrello della famiglia dei Rinolofidi diffuso in Africa, Europa meridionale e Medio Oriente.

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Blasius' hoefijzerneus ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Blasius' hoefijzerneus (Rhinolophus blasii) is een vleermuis uit de familie der hoefijzerneuzen (Rhinolophidae). In Europa komt hij voor rondom de Adriatische Zee, in Noordoost-Italië, voormalig Joegoslavië, Albanië en Griekenland. Verder wordt de soort gesignaleerd in Afrika behalve de Sahara, en in Azië van Turkije en Israël tot Afghanistan en Pakistan. Daar leeft hij in grote grotten in warme open karstgebieden, tot een hoogte van 1000 meter. Hij hangt vrij, zonder contact te maken met andere vleermuizen.

Kraamkamers kunnen tweehonderd tot driehonderd vrouwtjes bevatten, soms gemengd met de paarse hoefijzerneus. Deze kraamkamers zijn tot op 800 meter hoogte te vinden. In juni of juli wordt daar één jong geboren. Vanaf oktober of november houden de Europese Blasius' hoefijzerneuzen een winterslaap. In een grot kunnen dan tot wel tweeduizend hoefijzerneuzen zitten, vaak in kleine groepjes gegroepeerd.

De hoefijzerneus is een echt nachtdier. Hij jaagt 's nachts in open gebieden, begroeid met struwelen en enkele bomen, op motten en andere vliegende insecten. Waarschijnlijk eet hij, net als de verwante paarse hoefijzerneus, zijn prooi op vaste eethangplaatsen.

Kenmerken

De Blasius' hoefijzerneus is een middelgrote vleermuis. De bovenzijde is grijsbruin, soms met een paarse glans. De onderzijde is lichtgelig tot bijna wit, met een scherpe begrenzing. De vleugels zijn vrij breed.

Afmetingen

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Blasius' hoefijzerneus: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Blasius' hoefijzerneus (Rhinolophus blasii) is een vleermuis uit de familie der hoefijzerneuzen (Rhinolophidae). In Europa komt hij voor rondom de Adriatische Zee, in Noordoost-Italië, voormalig Joegoslavië, Albanië en Griekenland. Verder wordt de soort gesignaleerd in Afrika behalve de Sahara, en in Azië van Turkije en Israël tot Afghanistan en Pakistan. Daar leeft hij in grote grotten in warme open karstgebieden, tot een hoogte van 1000 meter. Hij hangt vrij, zonder contact te maken met andere vleermuizen.

Kraamkamers kunnen tweehonderd tot driehonderd vrouwtjes bevatten, soms gemengd met de paarse hoefijzerneus. Deze kraamkamers zijn tot op 800 meter hoogte te vinden. In juni of juli wordt daar één jong geboren. Vanaf oktober of november houden de Europese Blasius' hoefijzerneuzen een winterslaap. In een grot kunnen dan tot wel tweeduizend hoefijzerneuzen zitten, vaak in kleine groepjes gegroepeerd.

De hoefijzerneus is een echt nachtdier. Hij jaagt 's nachts in open gebieden, begroeid met struwelen en enkele bomen, op motten en andere vliegende insecten. Waarschijnlijk eet hij, net als de verwante paarse hoefijzerneus, zijn prooi op vaste eethangplaatsen.

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Balkanhästskonäsa ( Swedish )

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Balkanhästskonäsa[3], tidigare även Blasius hästskonäsa (Rhinolophus blasii) är en fladdermusart i familjen hästskonäsor[4].

Beskrivning

Balkanhästskonäsa har en kroppslängd mellan 4,5 och 5,5 cm och vikt mellan 10 och 20 g.[5]

Näsbihang

Som alla hästskonäsor har den hudutskott kring näsöppningarna. Arten är mycket lik mellanhästskonäsan, och det är nästan bara med dessa bihang som de båda arterna med svårighet går att skilja. Sedda framifrån har det mellersta av dessa utskott, sadeln, en "midja" på mitten, och det översta utskottet, lancetten, har konkava sidor. I båda fallen har mellanhästskonäsan raka sidor.[4]

Vanor

Den föredrar skog och buskage men kan också gå upp i bergen (1 200 m i Afrika, 2 200 m på Arabiska Halvön) samt in i ökenområden. Dagvistet förläggs till underjordiska håligheter som grottor och övergivna gruvor, dit också vinterdvalan kan förläggas. I norra delen av utbredningsområdet kan dagvistet även förläggas till höga byggnader som vindsutrymmen.[1]

Utbredning

Kring Medelhavsregionen finns den från Rumänien (fläckvis) och Balkan, längs Turkiets kust, Syrien, Israel, Palestina, Jordanien, fläckvis på Arabiska halvön, i Nordafrika, vidare från Iran, över Afghanistan till Pakistan samt fläckvis i mellersta och södra Afrika från Eritrea, Etiopien över Sudan till Sydafrika.[1]

Status

Balkanhästskonäsa är sällsynt, men globalt livskraftig ("LC"). Den minskar dock, och finns med på EU:s habitatdirektiv, bilaga 2 och 4. Den är lokalt utdöd i Italien, och misstänks vara det även i Slovenien.[1]

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b c d] Rhinolophus blasii på IUCN:s rödlista, auktor: Jacobs, D. et. al. (2008), hämtat 2009-06-09.
  2. ^ http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=13800475
  3. ^ De Jong et al.. ”Nya svenska namn på Europas fladdermöss”. Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet. http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12670/1/de_jong_et_al_151006.pdf. Läst 20 juni 2017.
  4. ^ [a b] Bjärvall, Anders; Ullström, Staffan (1995). Däggdjur: alla Europas arter. Stockholm: Wahlström & Widstrand. sid. 44. ISBN 91-46-16576-2
  5. ^ Curry-Lindahl, Kai (1982) [1975]. Däggdjur i färg. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell. sid. 132. ISBN 91-20-06724-0
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Balkanhästskonäsa: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Balkanhästskonäsa, tidigare även Blasius hästskonäsa (Rhinolophus blasii) är en fladdermusart i familjen hästskonäsor.

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Rhinolophus blasii ( Ukrainian )

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Поширення

Країни проживання: Афганістан, Албанія, Алжир, Вірменія, Австрія, Азербайджан, Боснія і Герцеговина, Ботсвана, Болгарія, Демократична Республіка Конго, Хорватія, Кіпр, Еритрея, Ефіопія, Греція, Іран, Ізраїль, Йорданія, Лівія, Малаві, Чорногорія, Марокко, Мозамбік, Оман, Пакистан, Палестина, Сербія, Сомалі, Південна Африка, Свазіленд, Сирія, Танзанія, Туреччина, Туркменістан, Ємен, Замбія, Зімбабве. Зустрічається від рівня моря до 2215 м в Ємені.

Стиль життя

У Середземноморському регіоні зазвичай харчується в чагарниках і рідколіссі, хоча може проникнути в пустелю. Літні сідала знаходяться в природних і штучних підземних порожнинах, горища також використовується в північній частині ареалу. Взимку зимує в підземних об'єктах. Цей вид вважається веде малорухливий спосіб життя.

Морфологія

Довжина тіла від 45 до 55 мм, довжина хвоста від 25 до 30 мм, розмах крил від 27 до 31 см. Він важить в середньому від 12 до 16,5 гр. Хутро пухнасте, зверху сіро-коричневе, часто з бузковим відтінком, низ майже білий.

Джерела

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Rhinolophus blasii ( Vietnamese )

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Rhinolophus blasii là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi lá mũi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Peters mô tả năm 1866.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Rhinolophus blasii”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết dơi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Rhinolophus blasii: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Rhinolophus blasii là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi lá mũi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Peters mô tả năm 1866.

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블라시우스관박쥐 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

블라시우스관박쥐(학명: Rhinolophus blasii)는 관박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다.[2] 지중해중동, 북아프리카에서 주로 발견된다. 중간 크기의 관박쥐류로 몸길이는 46.5~56mm, 몸무게는 12~15g이다.[1]

특징

보통 크기의 박쥐로 몸통 길이는 46.5~54mm이고 전완장은 43~50mm, 꼬리 길이는 19~35mm이다. 발 길이는 8~11mm, 귀 길이는 15.8~22mm이고 몸무게는 최대 15g이다.[3] 등 쪽 털은 회색빛 황갈색부터 회갈색까지 다양하지만 라일락색 색조를 띠기도 하지만 배 쪽은 상당히 밝다. 귀는 비교적 짧고 회갈색을 띤다.

생태

여름에는 분포 지역 남단에서 석회암 동굴과 인공적인 구멍 속에서 은신을 하지만 더 북쪽 지역에서는 큰 건물의 지붕 아래에서 주로 따뜻한 환경에서 수십에서 수천 마리씩 무리를 지어 생활한다. 최대 300마리까지 암컷으로 이루어진 보육 집단이 관찰된다. 좀더 추운 기간에는 지하에서 겨울잠을 잔다. 정주성 박쥐이다.

먹이는 곤충 특히 나비딱정벌레를 비행하여 포식한다. 암컷은 6월과 7월 사이, 지역에 따라서는 8월에 한 번에 한 마리의 새끼를 낳는다. 가을과 겨울 사이에 주로 짝짓기를 하고, 겨울잠을 자는 동안에는 배아 발달이 지연된다. 새끼는 생후 약 한 달이 지나고 독립하며 한 달 후에 젖을 뗀다.

아종

4종의 아종이 알려져 있다.[2]

각주

  1. Taylor, P. 2016. Rhinolophus blasii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T19515A21972073. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T19515A21972073.en. Downloaded on 13 January 2021.
  2. Simmons, N.B. (2005). 〈SPECIES Rhinolophus blasii. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 312–529쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. Stephan Aulagnier & Al., Guide des mammiferes d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Moyen-Orient, Delachaux & Niestlé SA, Paris, 2011, ISBN 978-88-89999-70-7.
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