Dicranoloma billardieri Paris 1904

Dicranoloma billardieri

Dicranoloma billardieri (Brid.) Par., Ind. Bryol. ed. 2, 2:24, 1904.

Dicranum billardieri Brid., Bot. Zeit. Regensburg 1:214, 1802. [Original material: Australia, coll. La Biliardière, 1791–1794.]

Cecalyphum dichotomum P. Beauv., Prodr. 51, 1805. [Original material: Reunion Isl., coll. Bory St. Vincent, 1798–1802.]

Dicranum confine C. Müll. & Hampe, Linnaea 28:206, 1856. [Original material: Sealer’s Cove, Australia, coll. F. Müll.]

Dicranum angustenerve Mitt., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 4:68, 1859. [Original material: Tasmania, coll. Archer, 1846–1857.]

Dicranum scopareolum C. Müll., Linnaea 40:238, 1876. [Original material: Johanna, Comoro Isl., coll. Hildebrandt, 1875.]

Dicranum drepanocladium C. Müll., Flora 73:473, 1890. [Original material: Mt. Kilima-Ndscharo, Marengo, 1800–3000 m, coll. H. Meyer, 1889.]

Dicranum integerrimum Broth. & Geh., Oefv, Finsk. Vet. Soc. Foerh. 37:152, 1895. [Original material: Tasmania.]

Dicranum subconfine C. Müll., Hedwigia 36:353, 1897. [Original material: Near Greymouth, South Island, New Zealand, coll. R. Helms, 1885.]

Dicranum weymouthii C. Müll., Hedwigia 36:354, 1897. [Original material: Southdale, Tasmania, coll. Weymouth, Oct. 1889.]

Dicranum pungentella C. Müll., Hedwigia 36:355, 1897. [Original material: Mt. Wellington, Tasmania.]

Dicranum austro-congestum C. Müll., Hedwigia 36:356, 1897. [Original material: Fitzroy Falls, Massvale, Victoria, Australia, coll. Whitelegge, Nov. 1884.]

Dicranum baileyanum C. Müll., Hedwigia 36:356, 1897. [Original material: Queensland, Australia, coll. F. M. Bailey, 1880–1883.]

Dicranum scopelloides Par., Ind. Bryol., Suppl. 25, 1900, nom. nov. for D. subconfine C. Müll.

Dicranoloma patentifolium Ren. & Par., Rev. Bryol. 29:76, 1902. [Original material: Region of Mandritsara, terr. Sakalave, Madagascar, 1901.]

Dicranoloma fernandezianum Broth. in Skottsb., Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez 2:412, 1924. [Original material: Salsipuedes, Mas a Tierra, coll. C. & I. Skottsberg, n. 37, 1917 (lectotype, present designation; S!).]

Rather pale yellowish green plants. Stems with central strand, up to 10 cm high. Leaves 5–8 mm long, regularly falcate-secund, lanceolate with long, slender, rather straight tip; margins sharply serrulate to nearly entire, abaxial surface of tip with distinct teeth; costa 50 μm wide at base; cells of lamina 7–9 μm wide, lower cells up to 100 μm long, upper cells mostly 35–40 μm long, in section lumens of lamina cells as wide as high or wider with outside walls evenly thickened. Setae single from perichaetium. Mature capsule smooth.

MAS AFUERA: Trail to Los Innocentes, ca. 3000 ft, H. & E. 247, 601.

MAS A TIERRA: Salsipuedes, 660 m, Sk. 37 (type D. fernandezianum; S); 625 m, Sk. 40 (S, US); between Laura and Piedra Agujereada, 650 m, Sk. 3 (S); without definite locality, G. Lundberg L20 (S); Q. Frances, slope of Cordon Chifladores, K. M79 (S); ridge between Rabanal and Q. Piedra Agujereada, 720 m, Sp. M230 in part (S); near Portezuelo de Villagra, ca. 1800 ft, H. & E. 482.

The species occurs in the areas of southern South America, New Zealand, Australia, Madagascar, and central and South Africa. The plants have the general size and form of the common Dicranum scoparium Hedw. of the north. The leaf margin seems rather variable and in a few specimens the leaves are nearly straight.