dcsimg

Morphology ( англиски )

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Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 8 - 9
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Migration ( англиски )

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Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).
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Diagnostic Description ( англиски )

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Dark longitudinal lines on body; caudal fin black with light margin dorsally; pectoral base with 1-2 black spots (Ref. 5493).
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Biology ( англиски )

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Inhabits brackish mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams, usually on mud bottoms (Ref. 44894). Usually found in lagoons and estuaries, particularly where there is vegetation (Ref. 6028, 79840). Occurs frequently in mangrove swamps (Ref. 2847, 79840). Occasionally ascends rivers (Ref. 6028). Feeds mainly on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 6028, 79840). Marketed fresh (Ref. 12693).
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Importance ( англиски )

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fisheries: minor commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability:
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Comprehensive Description ( англиски )

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Butis butis (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822)

USNM 217279, Fly 75–32, 7: 16.2–69.3 mm.

Eleotris fusca (Bloch and Schneider, 1801)

USNM 217280, Fly 75–28, 7: 19.7–79.3 mm.

USNM 217281, Fly 75–30, 33: 21.3–75.8 mm.
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Roberts, Tyson R. 1978. "An ichthyological survey of the Fly River in Papua New Guinea with descriptions of new species." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-72. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.281
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Spitzkopfgrundel ( германски )

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Die Spitzkopfgrundel (Butis butis) ist ein 15 Zentimeter lang werdender Fisch aus der Familie der Butidae. Sie kommt in Brack- und Meerwasser an der Küste des tropischen Indopazifik von Ostafrika über Indien, den Malaiischen Archipel bis zur Nordküste Australiens und Fidschi vor.

Merkmale

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Spitzkopfgrundel
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Verbreitungsgebiet

Spitzkopfgrundeln besitzen einen gestreckten, im Querschnitt runden und nur hinten seitlich abgeflachten Körper, einen großen abgeflachten Kopf und ein großes Maul mit vorstehendem Unterkiefer. Der Vorkiemendeckel besitzt keinen Dorn. Je nach Herkunft und Befinden zeigen die Tiere eine unterschiedliche Färbung. Die Grundfarbe ist gelbbraun bis graubraun. Dazu kommen dunkle Längsbänder, unregelmäßige Querbänder, die auch fehlen können, und rötliche oder dunkelbraune Tüpfel. Dunkle Binden reichen vom Auge nach vorn zur Schnauzenspitze und nach hinten zum Kiemendeckel. Die erste, hartstrahlige Rückenflosse ist für gewöhnlich schwärzlich oder grau und zeigt oft rote Spitzen. Die übrigen Flossen sind gelblich bis violett, ihre Flossenstrahlen sind oft rötlich. Die Afterflosse besitzt einen gelben Saum und hat oft silbrige Punkte. Die Brustflossen haben an der Basis einen leuchtend roten, dunkel umrandeten Fleck. Die Schwanzflosse ist schwarz mit einem hellen Außenrand.

Lebensweise

Die Spitzkopfgrundel lebt in Brack- und Meerwasser in Mangroven, Lagunen und Flussmündungen, normalerweise in Regionen mit mehr oder weniger dichter Vegetation und über schlammigem Bodengrund. Sie meidet reines Süßwasser, ernährt sich von kleinen Fischen und Krebstieren und ist ein Substratlaicher.

Literatur

Weblinks

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Spitzkopfgrundel: Brief Summary ( германски )

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Die Spitzkopfgrundel (Butis butis) ist ein 15 Zentimeter lang werdender Fisch aus der Familie der Butidae. Sie kommt in Brack- und Meerwasser an der Küste des tropischen Indopazifik von Ostafrika über Indien, den Malaiischen Archipel bis zur Nordküste Australiens und Fidschi vor.

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Crazy fish ( англиски )

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Butis butis (Crazy Fish)
Butis butis (Crazy Fish)

Butis butis, the crazy fish, duckbill sleeper, or upside-down sleeper, is a species of sleeper goby that are native to brackish and freshwater coastal habitats of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean from the African coast to the islands of Fiji. They prefer well-vegetated waters and can frequently be found in mangrove swamps. They are small, drably-colored fish, reaching a maximum length of only 15 cm (5.9 in).[2] They are predatory and are known for their behavior of swimming vertically – or even upside down – while hunting.

Description

Crazy fish range in length from 69 to 155 mm (2.7 to 6.1 in) in length.[1] The head is subcylindrical and flattened dorsoventrally, and slightly concave in the area between the tip of the snout to just behind the eyes. The mouth is very large, with a lower jaw extending past the upper jaw. Both contain multiple rows of tiny, bristle-like, sharp teeth. A pair of nostrils is present on each side of the snout (four in all) midway between the tip of the snout and the eyes. The front pair of nostrils is far smaller in size than the posterior pair. The relatively small eyes (about a sixth of the length of the head in diameter) are situated near the top of the head, but are oriented sidewise. They are gold and black in coloration. The body is strongly compressed laterally.[3][4][5][6]

The dorsal fins are situated approximately in the middle of the body. The first dorsal fin (with five to six rays) is arched and originates from the highest point of the back of the fish. It has thinner rays than the second dorsal fin (with seven to eight rays). The short triangular ventral fins (each with five rays) are located considerably farther forward than all the other fins. The anal fin (with seven to nine rays) is located approximately directly below the second dorsal fin, and are roughly the same size and shape as the latter. The pair of pectoral fins (each with eighteen to twenty rays) are large and rounded. They extend past the anus, sometimes reaching the anal fins. The broad and rounded caudal fin has about twenty closely compacted rays.[4][5][6]

The body is covered in scales except the mouth, chin, and the tip of the snout. Small accessory scales of varying sizes are also present at the base of the larger scales on the head and body, numbering at one to six for each larger scale.[5][6][7] The scales on the head, nape, and the sides of the body are ctenoid, while the scales on the belly are cycloid.[3]

Crazy fish are drably colored, with the body predominantly mottled dusky gray to olive green. Five or six irregular dark transverse bands are present, obscured somewhat in the front, but distinct in the rear half of the body. A black streak may extend from the snout, across the eye, and towards the gill covers. Dark spots radiate from around the eyes into the gill covers and snout. Each scale along the body has a pale spot that aligns with others, creating noticeable longitudinal rows. One or two red or pinkish spots are also present at the base of the pectoral fins. The fins can be colorless or possess rows of alternating black and light bars. In some individuals, the fins may exhibit broad, bright-red margins. The pectoral fins are invariably colorless.[3][5][6][7]

Taxonomy and nomenclature

Crazy fish are classified under the genus Butis in the family Butidae, which was formerly considered a subfamily, Butinae, of the family Eleotridae (sleeper gobies). They belong to the order Gobiiformes,[8] which to some authorities is a suborder of the order Perciformes called Gobioidei.[9][10]

The crazy fish was first described by the Scottish naturalist Francis Buchanan-Hamilton in 1822 from a specimen recovered from the Ganges River near Calcutta, India. He originally classified it under the genus Cheilodipterus.[4] It was transferred to the genus Eleotris by the Danish naturalist Theodore Edward Cantor in 1850.[11] In 1856, the Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker moved it to its own genus, Butis.[10] Hamilton did not explain the origin of the specific name. Hamilton is believed to have derived the name from the Indian word butis, decorative circular designs on sari fabric, probably referring to the coloration of crazy fish.[12]

Other common names of crazy fish include upside-down sleeper, crimson-tipped gudgeon, duckbill sleeper, crocodile fish, flat-headed gudgeon, pointed-head gudgeon, and bony-snouted gudgeon in English;[13] eendbek-slaper in Afrikaans; kuli (কুলি) in Bengali; kuonotorkkuja in Finnish; butis à épaulette noire in French; Spitzkopfgrundel in German; pasel in Ibanag; nyereh, ploso, puntang, belosoh, belontok, ubi, and ubi muncung itik in Indonesian and Malaysian; bloso-watu in Javanese; jǐ táng lǐ (嵴塘鳢) in Mandarin; vaneya in Sinhalese; bukletkhaeng (บู่เกล็ดแข็ง) in Thai; and cá bống cấu, cá bống đầu dẹp, and cá bong trân in Vietnamese.[1][14]

Distribution and habitat

Distribution range

Crazy fish inhabit brackish and freshwater habitats near the coast, but they can sometimes be found upriver. They are demersal fish, usually found near the muddy bottoms of lagoons, estuaries, and mangrove forests with abundant vegetation.[1][15][16]

Crazy fish has a wide distribution range: west from East Africa to as far east as Fiji, north from the South China Sea and south to Australia and New Caledonia, including islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.[1]

Countries where it is found include Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, and Western Australia);[17] Brunei Darussalam; Cambodia, China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong,[18] and Macau); Fiji;[19] India (including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands);[20][21] Indonesia;[16] Japan; Kenya;[22] Madagascar; Malaysia;[23] Mauritius (including Rodrigues Island); Mozambique; Myanmar; Papua New Guinea;[24] the Philippines;[5] Seychelles; Singapore;[10] Somalia; Sri Lanka;[25] Taiwan; Tanzania; Thailand;[26] and Vietnam.[1]

Ecology and behavior

Crazy fish are predatory, preying on crustaceans, small fishes, and worms.[1][27][28] They are territorial and are most active at twilight and at night.[29][30]

They are known for their behavior of aligning their bodies against the nearest surface, appearing horizontal, vertical, and even upside down.[30] They use this positioning to ambush prey.[5][31][32] They also have the ability to change colors to a limited extent to blend in with their environments.[29][32] During the monsoon seasons, the reddish margins of the fins can turn paler (to either orange or white), accompanied by the appearance of numerous reddish spots on the lower half of the body. The upper half of the caudal fin also turns white.[6]

Importance

Crazy fish are caught and sold for the aquarium trade.[29][32] They are also edible and are sometimes fished for human consumption.[6] They are reasonably abundant and are classified as Least Concern by the IUCN.[1]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Butis butis.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Larson, H.; Sparks, J.S. (2017). "Butis butis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T3381A174777708. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T3381A174777708.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Butis butis" in FishBase. April 2013 version.
  3. ^ a b c E.J. Brill (1953). The Fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. E.J. Brill. pp. 306–307.
  4. ^ a b c Francis Hamilton (1822). An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Constable. p. 57. Butis.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Albert W. Herre (1927). "Gobies of the Philippines and the China Sea". The Philippine Bureau of Science Monographic Publications on Fishes. Smithsonian Institution: 48–51.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Francis Day (1865). The Fishes of Malabar. Bernard Quaritch. pp. 114–115. Butis.
  7. ^ a b Kelvin K.P. Lim; Jeffrey K.Y. Low. "Flathead gudgeon". A Guide to Common Marine Fishes of Singapore. Retrieved January 8, 2012.
  8. ^ Nelson, JS; Grande, TC & Wilson, MVH (2016). "Classification of fishes from Fishes of the World 5th Edition" (PDF). Retrieved 10 June 2018.
  9. ^ Harald Ahnelt; Josef Göschl (2004). "The pattern of the lateral-line system on the caudal fin of Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877 (Teleostei: Odontobutidae), with comments on the arrangement of the lateral-line system on the caudal fin of Gobioidei" (PDF). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 55 (16): 358–371.
  10. ^ a b c Helen K. Larson; Zeehan Jaafar; Kelvin K.P. Lim (2008). "An annotated checklist of the gobioid fishes of Singapore" (PDF). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. National University of Singapore. 56 (1): 135–155.
  11. ^ Theodore Edward Cantor (1850). "Catalogue of Malayan fishes". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. J. Thomas, Baptist Mission Press. 18 (2): 983–1694.
  12. ^ Anthony C. Gill; Douglas F. Hoese (2011). "On the formation of family-group names and gender of genera based on the stem—butis (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gobioidei)" (PDF). Zootaxa. Magnolia Press. 2741: 66–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2741.1.4. ISSN 1175-5334.
  13. ^ ARKive. "Duckbill sleeper (Butis butis)". Wildscreen. Archived from the original on 2012-04-27. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
  14. ^ "Common names of Butis butis". FishBase. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
  15. ^ Pascualita Sa-a; Tobias Musschoot (November 15, 2011). "Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822)". FishBase. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
  16. ^ a b Wawan Kiswara; A.S. Genis; A. Arifin; L.H. Purnomo (1991). "A preliminary study of the species composition, abundance, and distribution of fishes in the seagrass beds of Banten Bay, West Java, Indonesia". In A. Sasekumar (ed.). Mangrove Fisheries and Connections (PDF). ASEAN-Australia Marine Science Project. p. 188. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
  17. ^ J.B. Hutchins (2003). "Checklist of marine fishes of the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia". In F.E. Wells; D.I. Walker; D.S. Jones (eds.). The Marine Flora and Fauna of Dampier, Western Australia (PDF). Western Australian Museum. pp. 453–478.
  18. ^ I-Hsun Ni; Kai-Yin Kwok (1999). "Marine Fish Fauna in Hong Kong Waters" (PDF). Zoological Studies. 38 (2): 130–152.
  19. ^ Patrick Ryan (1981). "Records of Three New Freshwater Fish from the Fiji Islands" (PDF). Pacific Science. 35 (1): 93–95.
  20. ^ Vijay Palavai; Priya Davidar (2009). "A survey of freshwater fishes of Andaman Islands" (PDF). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 106 (1): 11–14. ISSN 0974-7907. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-11-01. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
  21. ^ R. Rajaram; T. Nedumaran (2009). "Ichthyofaunal diversity in Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve, Bay of Bengal". Journal of Threatened Taxa. 1 (3): 166–169. doi:10.11609/jott.o1985.166-9. ISSN 0974-7907.
  22. ^ Daniel O. Okeyo (1998). "Updating names, distribution and ecology of riverine fish of Kenya in the Athi-Galana-Sabaki River drainage system" (PDF). Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly (January–March): 44–53.
  23. ^ C.N. Maxwell (1921). Malayan Fishes. Methodist Publishing House. p. 98.
  24. ^ Tyson R. Roberts (1978). "An ichthyological survey of Fly River in Papua New Guinea with descriptions of new species" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. Smithsonian Institution Press (281): 65.
  25. ^ Wildlife Conservation society – Galle (2009). The Study of the Faunal Diversity In Matara District – Southern, Sri Lanka (PDF). Biodiversity, Education & Research Centre, Hiyare Reservoir. p. 19.
  26. ^ Tuantong Jutagate; Amonsak Sawusdee; Thanitha Thapanand Chaidee; Sutheera Thongkhoa; Piyapong Chotipuntu (2009). "Fish in the Pak Panang Bay and River in relation to the anti-salt dam operation, part I: assemblage patterns of the marine and brackish water fish" (PDF). Kasetsart Journal: Natural Science. Kasetsart University. 43: 120–131.
  27. ^ Ronald Baker; Marcus Sheaves (2005). "Redefining the piscivore assemblage of shallow estuarine nursery habitats". Marine Ecology Progress Series. Inter-Research. 291: 197–213. doi:10.3354/meps291197.
  28. ^ Marcus Sheaves (2001). "Are there really few piscivorous fishes in shallow estuarine habitats?" (PDF). Marine Ecology Progress Series. Inter-Research. 222: 279–290. doi:10.3354/meps222279.
  29. ^ a b c "Butis butis – Crazy Fish". Seriously Fish. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
  30. ^ a b Rüdiger Riehl; Hans A. Baensch (1993). Aquarium Atlas. Vol. 2. Rockport Publishers. p. 1063. ISBN 978-1-56465-114-3.
  31. ^ Adam Lundie. "Butis butis". FishProfiles.com. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
  32. ^ a b c Aqualand Fact Sheets. "How to Care for Your New Crazy Fish". Aqualand Pets Plus. Retrieved January 7, 2012.

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Crazy fish: Brief Summary ( англиски )

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Butis butis (Crazy Fish) Butis butis (Crazy Fish)

Butis butis, the crazy fish, duckbill sleeper, or upside-down sleeper, is a species of sleeper goby that are native to brackish and freshwater coastal habitats of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean from the African coast to the islands of Fiji. They prefer well-vegetated waters and can frequently be found in mangrove swamps. They are small, drably-colored fish, reaching a maximum length of only 15 cm (5.9 in). They are predatory and are known for their behavior of swimming vertically – or even upside down – while hunting.

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Butis butis ( баскиски )

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Butis butis Butis generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Eleotridae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Butis butis FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Butis butis: Brief Summary ( баскиски )

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Butis butis Butis generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Eleotridae familian sailkatzen da.

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Butis butis ( холандски; фламански )

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Vissen

Butis butis is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van slaapgrondels (Eleotridae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1822 door Hamilton.

De soort staat op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN als niet bedreigd, beoordelingsjaar 2009.[1]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. a b (en) Butis butis op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) Butis butis. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Butis butis ( португалски )

добавил wikipedia PT

Butis butis é uma espécie de peixe da família Eleotridae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Moçambique e África do Sul.

Referências

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Butis butis: Brief Summary ( португалски )

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Butis butis é uma espécie de peixe da família Eleotridae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Moçambique e África do Sul.

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Butis butis ( виетнамски )

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Butis butis là một loài thuộc họ Cá bống đen. Chúng thường được tìm thấy ở MozambiqueNam Phi.

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ Larson, H. 2012. Butis butis. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on ngày 4 tháng 7 năm 2013.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết chủ đề bộ Cá bống này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Butis butis: Brief Summary ( виетнамски )

добавил wikipedia VI

Butis butis là một loài thuộc họ Cá bống đen. Chúng thường được tìm thấy ở MozambiqueNam Phi.

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嵴塘鳢 ( кинески )

добавил wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Butis butis
(Hamilton, 1822)[2]

嵴塘鳢学名Butis butis)为塘鳢科嵴塘鳢属鱼类

分布于南非留尼旺島巴布亞新幾內亞帛琉新喀里多尼亞莫桑比克馬約特香港肯亞馬達加斯加斐濟科摩羅柬埔寨孟加拉斯里蘭卡印度马来西亚泰国日本菲律宾印度尼西亚澳大利亚以及中国南海等海域。[3]

该物种的模式产地在恆河[2] 可生存於淡水汽水海洋之中,通常發現於潟湖河口以及紅樹林,偶然溯而上。

嵴塘鳢也是一種食用魚

参考文献

  1. ^ Larson, H. 2012. Butis butis. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 July 2013.
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 中国科学院动物研究所. 嵴塘鳢. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-16]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
  3. ^ Fishbase - Butis butis. Fishbase. [2009-05-08].
 src= 维基物种中的分类信息:嵴塘鳢 小作品圖示这是一篇與鱸形目相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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嵴塘鳢: Brief Summary ( кинески )

добавил wikipedia 中文维基百科

嵴塘鳢(学名:Butis butis)为塘鳢科嵴塘鳢属鱼类

分布于南非留尼旺島巴布亞新幾內亞帛琉新喀里多尼亞莫桑比克馬約特香港肯亞馬達加斯加斐濟科摩羅柬埔寨孟加拉斯里蘭卡印度马来西亚泰国日本菲律宾印度尼西亚澳大利亚以及中国南海等海域。

该物种的模式产地在恆河。 可生存於淡水汽水海洋之中,通常發現於潟湖河口以及紅樹林,偶然溯而上。

嵴塘鳢也是一種食用魚

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Description ( англиски )

добавил World Register of Marine Species
Inhabits sea and estuaries. Enters rivers (Ref. 6802). Feeds mainly on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 6028).

Навод

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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