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Trophic Strategy ( англиски )

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Inhabits a variety of zones ranging from reef flats and protected shorelines to seaward reefs. Along drop-offs (Ref. 48635). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on cephalopods (Ref. 30573), fishes, and crustaceans. Most often appears on the reef after a fish has been speared during daylight. The regularity and promptness of such appearances make it clear that G. flavimarginatus is especially sensitive to stimuli emanating from an injured or stressed fish (Ref. 13550). Carnivore (Ref. 57615). Also in Ref. 9137, 58534.
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Morphology ( англиски )

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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0; Vertebrae: 132 - 140
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Diagnostic Description ( англиски )

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Reddish eyes (Ref. 1602). Color yellowish, densely mottled with dark brown; front of head purplish grey; posterior margins of fins yellow-green; gill opening in a black blotch. Juveniles sometimes bright yellow with brown blotches (Ref. 48635).Description: Characterized by body depth at gill opening 11-20 in TL; origin of dorsal fin anterior to gill opening; anus slightly anterior to middle of body; without elongate canines in jaws, largest in outer row at front of upper jaw with short inner row of 1-4 larger teeth (Ref. 90102).
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Biology ( англиски )

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Along drop-offs (Ref. 48635). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Occurs in coral or rocky areas of reef flats and protected shorelines to seaward reefs. Feeds on cephalopods (Ref. 30573), fishes, and crustaceans (Ref. 89972). Most often appears on the reef after a fish has been speared during daylight. The regularity and promptness of such appearances make it clear that G. flavimarginatus is especially sensitive to stimuli emanating from an injured or stressed fish (Ref. 13550). Eaten in some parts of the Indo-Pacific (Ref. 12484). Minimum depth reported taken from (Ref. 30874). Solitary and curious, usually seen with head protruding (Ref 90102).
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Importance ( англиски )

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fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial
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分布 ( англиски )

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分布於印度-太平洋區,西起南非、紅海,東至土木土群島,北至日本南部,南至澳洲及新加勒多尼亞等海域。臺灣分布於南部及東北、東南部和澎湖等海域。
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利用 ( англиски )

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一般可利用延繩釣、手釣、籠具誘捕等漁法。食用經濟性,但在某些熱帶島嶼,曾有人食用本種後中毒的案例,台灣則尚未聞有類似嚴重中毒的情形。可作為觀賞魚。
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描述 ( англиски )

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體延長而呈圓柱狀,尾部側扁。尖牙;頜齒單列;部份個體在上頜口內眼窩部內側或下頜前端內側尚有 1-2 個尖牙;鋤骨齒單列。脊椎骨數129-137。魚體底色為黃褐色,體表密布暗褐色圓形小斑點;垂直鰭條具有螢光黃綠色邊緣,死後則此黃綠色容易消褪,福馬林保存液中標本的鰭緣為淺白色。鰓孔為黑色。眼睛虹彩為黃褐色。
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棲地 ( англиски )

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中小型個體常出現於珊瑚岩礁潮間帶的潮池中,顏色較深,黑褐體色。較大型個體棲息在淺海域之珊瑚頭或岩礁洞穴中。居穴附近常可見到清潔性魚類的出沒。在海中能夠被馴養,能自行游出隱蔽處攝取人們手中的餌食。肉食性,伺機捕食魚類或頭足類為生。
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Geelrant-bontpaling ( африканс )

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Die Geelrant-bontpaling (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) is 'n bontpaling wat wydverspreid voorkom in die Stille en Indiese oseane; meer spesifiek die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika suidwaarts tot by die suide van KwaZulu-Natal. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Yellow-edged moray.

Identifikasie

Die vis word tot 120 cm lank en is een van die grootste bontpalings. Die lyf is geelbruin en vol bruin spikkels. Die voorkop is persbruin, die oë oranje en daar is 'n groot swart vlek op die kieue-opening. Die agterkant van die vinne het geelgroen rante.

Die vis leef in kusrotsareas, platriwwe en aflandige koraal- en rotsriwwe in water wat 1 tot 50 m diep is. Die vis is 'n alleenloper en skuil in gate en skeure in die riwwe. Hulle word dikwels gesien waar net die kop uit sy skuiling steek; hulle verlaat die skuiling min bedags. Die bontpaling is nie aggressief nie behalwe as dit uitgelok word. Hulle maak snags jag op skaaldiere en klein vissies.

Sien ook

Bron

  • The Reef Guide: Fishes, corals, nudibranchs & other invertebrates: East & South Coasts of Southern Africa. Dennis King & Valda Fraser. Struik Nature. 2014 ISBN 978-1-77584-018-3

Eksterne skakel

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Geelrant-bontpaling: Brief Summary ( африканс )

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Die Geelrant-bontpaling (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) is 'n bontpaling wat wydverspreid voorkom in die Stille en Indiese oseane; meer spesifiek die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika suidwaarts tot by die suide van KwaZulu-Natal. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Yellow-edged moray.

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Morena de vora groga ( каталонски; валенсиски )

добавил wikipedia CA
 src=
Morena de vora groga

La morena de vora groga (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) és una espècie de peix de la família dels murènids i de l'ordre dels anguil·liformes.[4]

Morfologia

Els mascles poden assolir els 240 cm de longitud total.[5]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des del Mar Roig i Sud-àfrica fins a les Tuamotu, les Illes Ryukyu, les Hawaii i Nova Caledònia. També és present a Costa Rica, Panamà i les Illes Galápagos.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]

Observacions

N'hi ha informes d'enverinament per ciguatera.[30]

Referències

  1. Bloch M. E. 1795. Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische. Berlin. Naturg. Ausl. Fische v. 9. i-ii + 1-192.
  2. BioLib
  3. «Gymnothorax flavimarginatus». Catalogue of Life. (anglès) (anglès)
  4. The Taxonomicon (en anglès)
  5. FishBase (anglès)
  6. FishBase (anglès)
  7. Allen, G.R. i M. Adrim, 2003. Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72.
  8. Allen, G.R. i P.L. Munday, 1994. Kimbe Bay rapid ecological assessment: the coral reefs of Kimbe Bay (West New Britain, Papua New Guinea), Volum 3: Fish diversity of Kimbe Bay. The Nature Conservancy, South Pacific program Office, Auckland, Nova Zelanda. 107 p.
  9. Chang, K.-H., R.-Q. Jan i K.-T. Shao, 1983. Community ecology of the marine fishes on Lutao Island, Taiwan. Bull. Inst. Zool. Academia Sinica 22(2):141-155.
  10. Chen, C.-H., 2004. Checklist of the fishes of Penghu. FRI Special Publication. Núm. 4. 175 p.
  11. Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral i A. Massinga, 1990. Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p.
  12. Fricke, R., 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.
  13. Ganaden, S.R. i F. Lavapie-Gonzales, 1999. Common and local names of marine fishes of the Philippines. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Filipines. 385 p.
  14. Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton i G.R. Allen, 2006. Fishes. A Beasley, O.L. i A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volum 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia Part 1, pp. xxiv 1-670; Part 2, pp. xxi 671-1472; Part 3, pp. xxi 1473-2178.
  15. Huang, Z., 2001. Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404- 463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida (Estats Units). 598 p.
  16. Kapoor, D., R. Dayal i A.G. Ponniah, 2002. Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, Índia. 775 p.
  17. Kulbicki, M., J.E. Randall i J. Rivaton, 1994. Checklist of the fishes of the Chesterfield Islands (Coral Sea). Micronesica 27(1/2): 1-43.
  18. Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro i K. Pothin, 2004. An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Reunion Island, south-western Indian Ocean. Cybium 28(3):199-216.
  19. Lieske, E. i R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p.
  20. Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno i T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tòquio, Japó. 437 p.
  21. Mundy, B.C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704.
  22. Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Segona edició. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
  23. Nguyen, N.T. i V.Q. Nguyen, 2006. Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi.
  24. Pereira, M.A.M., 2000. Preliminary checklist of reef-associated fishes of Mozambique. Maputo, Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA). 21 pp.
  25. Randall, J.E., J.T. Williams, D.G. Smith, M. Kulbicki, G.M. Tham, P. Labrosse, M. Kronen, E. Clua i B.S. Mann, 2003. Checklist of the shore and epipelagic fishes of Tonga. Atoll Res. Bull. Núms. 497-508.
  26. Smith, J.L.B., 1969. Fishes of Inhaca. p. 131-136. A: W. Macnae i M. Kalk (eds.) A natural history of Inhaca Island, Moçambique. Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg.
  27. Wass, R.C., 1984. An annotated checklist of the fishes of Samoa. Natl. Ocean. Atmos. Adminis. Tech. Rept., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rept. Fish. (781).
  28. White, A. i H. Calumpong, 1993. Saving Tubbataha Reef: Earthwatch expedition to the Philippines '92. Silliman J. 36(2):77-105.
  29. Yin, R., 1997. Beneath Philippine seas. Bookmark Inc., Makati, les Filipines. 135 p.
  30. Halstead, B.W., P.S. Auerbach i D.R. Campbell, 1990. A colour atlas of dangerous marine animals. Wolfe Medical Publications Ltd, W.S. Cowell Ltd, Ipswich, Anglaterra. 192 p.


Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 2000. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica.
  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
  • Hardy, J.D. Jr., 2003. Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. Estats Units. 537 p.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall (2000).
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons (1994).
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p.
  • Smith, D.G., 1994. Catalog of type specimens of recent fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 6: Anguilliformes, Saccopharyngiformes, and Notacanthiformes (Teleostei: Elopomorpha). Smithson. Contrib. 566:50 p.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.


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Morena de vora groga: Brief Summary ( каталонски; валенсиски )

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La morena de vora groga (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) és una espècie de peix de la família dels murènids i de l'ordre dels anguil·liformes.

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Gelbgefleckte Muräne ( германски )

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Die Gelbgefleckte, Gelbrand- oder Rußkopfmuräne (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) lebt im Roten Meer und im tropischen Indopazifik von Südafrika bis zum Tuamotu-Archipel und den Austral-Inseln, nördlich bis zu den Ryūkyū-Inseln und Hawaii und südlich bis Neukaledonien. Bei den Malediven ist sie häufig, bei Hawaii die häufigste große Muräne. Im östlichen Pazifik kommen sie an der Pazifikküste Costa Ricas und Panamas und bei den Galapagosinseln vor. Sie bewohnt vor allem korallenreiche Lagunen, Riffdächer, Außen- und Felsriffe in Tiefen bis 150 Metern.

In einigen Regionen des Indopazifik wird sie als Speisefisch gefangen. Sie kann aber das Fischgift Ciguatera enthalten.

Merkmale

Die Gelbgefleckte Muräne wird 1,2 Meter lang. Ihre Farbe ist gelblich, mit einer Vielzahl von kleinen, bräunlichen Sprenkeln. Das Maul ist dunkelgrau bis violett (Rußkopfmuräne), das Auge goldgelb, die Kiemenöffnung schwarz. Der Rand des hinteren Flossensaums ist leuchtend gelb oder grün. Auch Jungfische zeigen oft ein leuchtendes gelb mit braunen Flecken. Gelbgefleckte Muränen haben 129 bis 137 Wirbel.

Sie ist kräftig gebaut und kann deshalb leicht mit der Riesenmuräne (Gymnothorax javanicus) verwechselt werden.

Lebensweise

Gelbgefleckte Muränen sind normalerweise Einzelgänger. Gelegentlich bewohnen sie ihren Unterschlupf auch mit Artgenossen oder anderen Muränen. Sie sind hauptsächlich nachtaktiv, schwimmen aber auch morgens und am Abend frei umher. Fische, Kopffüßer und Krebstiere zählen zu ihrer Beute. Die Fortpflanzungsbiologie der Gelbgefleckten Muräne ist unbekannt.

Literatur

  • Hans A. Baensch, Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Meerwasser-Atlas Band 6 Non-Perciformes (Nicht-Barschartige), Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-116-X
  • Dieter Eichler, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische Zentraler Indopazifik, Jahr-Verlag GmbH & Co., 1997, ISBN 3-86132-225-0
  • Ewald Lieske, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische der Welt, 1994, Jahr Verlag, ISBN 3-86132-112-2
  • Marco Lichtenberger: Muränen im Meerwasseraquarium. Natur und Tier Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-86659-081-6

Weblinks

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Gelbgefleckte Muräne: Brief Summary ( германски )

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Die Gelbgefleckte, Gelbrand- oder Rußkopfmuräne (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) lebt im Roten Meer und im tropischen Indopazifik von Südafrika bis zum Tuamotu-Archipel und den Austral-Inseln, nördlich bis zu den Ryūkyū-Inseln und Hawaii und südlich bis Neukaledonien. Bei den Malediven ist sie häufig, bei Hawaii die häufigste große Muräne. Im östlichen Pazifik kommen sie an der Pazifikküste Costa Ricas und Panamas und bei den Galapagosinseln vor. Sie bewohnt vor allem korallenreiche Lagunen, Riffdächer, Außen- und Felsriffe in Tiefen bis 150 Metern.

In einigen Regionen des Indopazifik wird sie als Speisefisch gefangen. Sie kann aber das Fischgift Ciguatera enthalten.

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Yellow-edged moray ( англиски )

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The yellow-edged moray, also known as yellow-margin(ed) moray, leopard moray, and speckled moray, (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus)[1][3] is a moray eel of the family Muraenidae, found in the Indo-Pacific Oceans at depths to 150 m (500 ft).

Description

Moray eels are long slender fish with bulbous heads, rounded snouts and gradually tapering tails. The large mouth contains a single row of small pointed teeth in the lower jaw and several vomerine teeth on the roof of the mouth. The dorsal fin extends continuously from just behind the head along the back to round the tail, where it continues as the caudal and anal fins. The yellow-edged moray can grow to a maximum length of about 240 cm (90 in),[4] but a more typical length would be 80 cm (30 in). It is basically a dull yellow colour with a mottled pattern of dark brown or black covering most of the surface. The head is a purplish-grey and there is a large black blotch at the operculum. The margins of the fins on the posterior part of the body are yellowish or greenish. Young fish may have a brighter yellow background colour with brown blotches.[3]

Distribution and habitat

The yellow-edged moray occurs in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from East Africa and the Red Sea to Japan, Indonesia and Australia, and on to the Ryukyu and Hawaiian islands, New Caledonia and on to Costa Rica, Panama and the Galápagos Islands.[4] Its typical habitat is coral or rocky areas of reef flats and the protected sides of seaward reefs,[2] ranging down to a depth of about 150 m (500 ft).[4]

Ecology

The yellow-edged moray is usually a solitary fish, tending to hide in a crevice or submerged in the sediment with just its head protruding. Sometimes it shares its shelter with conspecifics or with other moray eel species. It is mainly nocturnal, but also swims around freely in the morning and evening. Fish, cephalopods and crustaceans are included in its diet. If a fish is speared on the reef, these moray eels are quick to appear, being sensitive to stimuli emitted by injured or stressed fish.[4] This moray eel was recently identified as a natural predator of the lionfish Pterois miles in its native habitat in the Red Sea.[5] The shrimp-like crustacean Stenopus pyrsonotus, has often been found in close proximity with a yellow-edged moray eel, leading to the possibility that the shrimp may enter into a cleaning symbiosis with the eel.[6]

Yellowmargin moray eel at Kealakekua Bay on the Big Island of Hawaii

References

  1. ^ a b c Smith, D.G.; McCosker, J.; Tighe, K. (2019). "Gymnothorax flavimarginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T195728A2408871. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T195728A2408871.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Bailly, Nicolas (2020). "Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1830)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  3. ^ a b Smith, Margaret M.; Heemstra, Phillip C. (2012). Smiths’ Sea Fishes. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 170. ISBN 978-3-642-82858-4.
  4. ^ a b c d "Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1830)". FishBase. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  5. ^ Bos A.R.; Sanad A.M.; Elsayed K. (2017). "Gymnothorax spp. (Muraenidae) as natural predators of the lionfish Pterois miles in its native biogeographical range". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 100 (6): 745–748. doi:10.1007/s10641-017-0600-7.
  6. ^ Goy, Joseph W.; Devaney, Dennis M. (1980). "Stenopus pyrsonotus a new species of stenopodidean shrimp from the Indo-West Pacific region" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 93 (3): 781–796.

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Yellow-edged moray: Brief Summary ( англиски )

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The yellow-edged moray, also known as yellow-margin(ed) moray, leopard moray, and speckled moray, (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) is a moray eel of the family Muraenidae, found in the Indo-Pacific Oceans at depths to 150 m (500 ft).

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus ( шпански; кастиљски )

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus es una especie de peces de la familia de los morénidas en el orden de los Anguilliformes.

Morfología

Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los240 cm de longitud total.[1]

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra desde el Mar Rojo y Sudáfrica hasta las Tuamotu, las Islas Ryukyu, las Hawái y Nueva Caledonia. También está presente en Costa Rica, Panamá y Islas Galápagos.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]

Observaciones

Hay informes de envenenamiento por ciguatera.[25]

Referencias

  1. a b FishBase (en inglés)
  2. Allen, G.R. y M. Adrim, 2003. Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72.
  3. Allen, G.R. y P.L. Munday, 1994. Kimbe Bay rapid ecological assessment: the coral reefs of Kimbe Bay (West New Britain, Papua New Guinea), Volum 3: Fish diversity of Kimbe Bay. The Nature Conservancy, South Pacific program Office, Auckland, Nova Zelanda. 107 p.
  4. Chang, K.-H., R.-Q. Jan y K.-T. Shao, 1983. Community ecology of the marine fishes on Lutao Island, Taiwan. Bull. Inst. Zool. Academia Sinica 22(2):141-155.
  5. Chen, C.-H., 2004. Checklist of the fishes of Penghu. FRI Special Publication. Núm. 4. 175 p.
  6. Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral y A. Massinga, 1990. Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p.
  7. Fricke, R., 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.
  8. Ganaden, S.R. y F. Lavapie-Gonzales, 1999. Common and local names of marine fishes of the Philippines. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Filipines. 385 p.
  9. Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton y G.R. Allen, 2006. Fishes. A Beasley, O.L. y A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volum 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia Part 1, pp. xxiv 1-670; Part 2, pp. xxi 671-1472; Part 3, pp. xxi 1473-2178.
  10. Huang, Z., 2001. Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404- 463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, Estados Unidos. 598 p.
  11. Kapoor, D., R. Dayal y A.G. Ponniah, 2002. Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, Índia. 775 p.
  12. Kulbicki, M., J.E. Randall y J. Rivaton, 1994. Checklist of the fishes of the Chesterfield Islands (Coral Sea). Micronesica 27(1/2): 1-43.
  13. Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro y K. Pothin, 2004. An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Reunion Island, south-western Indian Ocean. Cybium 28(3):199-216.
  14. Lieske, E. y R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p.
  15. Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno y T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokio, Japón. 437 p.
  16. Mundy, B.C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704.
  17. Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Segona edició. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
  18. Nguyen, N.T. y V.Q. Nguyen, 2006. Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi.
  19. Pereira, M.A.M., 2000. Preliminary checklist of reef-associated fishes of Mozambique. Maputo, Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA). 21 pp.
  20. Randall, J.E., J.T. Williams, D.G. Smith, M. Kulbicki, G.M. Tham, P. Labrosse, M. Kronen, E. Clua y B.S. Mann, 2003. Checklist of the shore and epipelagic fishes of Tonga. Atoll Res. Bull. Núms. 497-508.
  21. Smith, J.L.B., 1969. Fishes of Inhaca. p. 131-136. A: W. Macnae y M. Kalk (eds.) A natural history of Inhaca Island, Moçambique. Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburgo.
  22. Wass, R.C., 1984. An annotated checklist of the fishes of Samoa. Natl. Ocean. Atmos. Adminis. Tech. Rept., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rept. Fish. (781).
  23. White, A. y H. Calumpong, 1993. Saving Tubbataha Reef: Earthwatch expedition to the Philippines '92. Silliman J. 36(2):77-105.
  24. Yin, R., 1997. Beneath Philippine seas. Bookmark Inc., Makati, les Filipines. 135 p.
  25. Halstead, B.W., P.S. Auerbach y D.R. Campbell, 1990. A colour atlas of dangerous marine animals. Wolfe Medical Publications Ltd, W.S. Cowell Ltd, Ipswich, Inglaterra. 192 p.

Bibliografía

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus: Brief Summary ( шпански; кастиљски )

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus es una especie de peces de la familia de los morénidas en el orden de los Anguilliformes.

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus ( баскиски )

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus Gymnothorax generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Muraenidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Gymnothorax flavimarginatus FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus: Brief Summary ( баскиски )

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus Gymnothorax generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Muraenidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Pantterimureena ( фински )

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Pantterimureena (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) on läntisellä Tyynenmerellä elävä noin 1,6 metrin pituinen kala. Sen pohjaväri on kellertävä, ja sen pintaa kirjovat tiheät tummanruskeat täplät. Otsa on punertavanharmaa. Pyrstön reunat ovat keltaiset.

Pantterimureena elää kallioisilla pohjilla ja koralliriuttojen tuntumassa jopa 150 m syvyydessä.[1]

Kalan veren seerumi on myrkyllistä ja se voi kulkeutua kalan suuhun limakalvon läpi ja näin pureman seurauksena ihmisen vereen, jossa se aiheuttaa punasolujen hajoamista. Kalasta ei kuitenkaan ole löydetty myrkkyrauhasia.[2]

Ravinto

Pantterimureena on peto, joka saalistaa tursaita, kaloja ja äyriäisiä.[1] Sen sanotaan myös hyökkäävän ärsyttämättä, joskin sukeltajat ovat havainneet, että se voi myös olla välinpitämätön.Lähteet

  1. a b Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (peilipalvelin) FishBase. Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (toim.). (englanniksi)
  2. Order Anguilliformes Me and me photo

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Pantterimureena: Brief Summary ( фински )

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Pantterimureena (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) on läntisellä Tyynenmerellä elävä noin 1,6 metrin pituinen kala. Sen pohjaväri on kellertävä, ja sen pintaa kirjovat tiheät tummanruskeat täplät. Otsa on punertavanharmaa. Pyrstön reunat ovat keltaiset.

Pantterimureena elää kallioisilla pohjilla ja koralliriuttojen tuntumassa jopa 150 m syvyydessä.

Kalan veren seerumi on myrkyllistä ja se voi kulkeutua kalan suuhun limakalvon läpi ja näin pureman seurauksena ihmisen vereen, jossa se aiheuttaa punasolujen hajoamista. Kalasta ei kuitenkaan ole löydetty myrkkyrauhasia.lähde?

Pantterimureena kesyyntyy helposti, ja sitä käytetään sukellusnäytöksissä.

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Murène liséré jaune ( француски )

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus

Murène liséré jaune (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) est une espèce de poissons de la famille des murènes.

Références taxinomiques

Notes et références

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Murène liséré jaune: Brief Summary ( француски )

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus

Murène liséré jaune (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) est une espèce de poissons de la famille des murènes.

Gymnothorax flavimarginatus 01.JPG Gymnothorax flavimarginatus by Jaroslaw Barski.jpg Gymnothorax flavimarginatus Réunion.jpg Gymnothorax flavimarginatus.jpg Yellow-edged moray from the Red Sea.JPG
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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus ( италијански )

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 src=
G. flavimarginatus in un anfratto; notare in alto il margine caudale giallo

La murena bordata (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus), nota anche come murena dal bordo giallo, è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Muraenidae, diffuso nelle barriere coralline dell'Indo-Pacifico tropicale.

 src=
Gli occhi arancioni distinguono G. flavimarginatus dalla murena gigante

Descrizione

L'aspetto generale è quello comune alle murene. La colorazione è fondamentalmente bruna di base, con una serie di fittissime macchie gialle ravvicinate, distribuite su tutto il corpo a eccezione del capo. La caratteristica che la contraddistingue è un leggero margine giallo che parte dal dorso fino alla coda. Per le dimensioni e la colorazione tipicamente brunastra, può essere confusa per la murena gigante (Gymnothorax javanicus); la murena bordata se ne distingue per i puntini gialli che ricoprono il corpo e per gli occhi arancioni (la murena gigante ha disegni neri lungo il corpo e occhi scuri).

È una murena di dimensioni medio-grandi che raggiunge i 2 metri di lunghezza.

Biologia

Comportamento

È un ospite frequente di labridi e gamberetti pulitori.

 src=
Le barriere coralline sono l'habitat ideale per G. flavimarginatus

Per le dimensioni e la bocca irta di denti la murena bordata ha pochi predatori naturali; possono cacciarla grosse cernie o squali del reef, come i pinna bianca e i pinna nera, o addirittura murene più grosse (come la murena gigante).

Al contrario di come molti pensano, nessuna specie di murena è velenosa, né tanto meno aggressiva: morde solo se seriamente disturbata. Il rischio è più alto solo quando viene offerto del cibo all'animale. Per questo, la pratica molto usata di cibare le murene in immersione con del pesce morto è sconsigliata: non avendo una vista eccezionale, le murene possono confondere la mano di un sub per un pesce offerto. A parte queste casistiche eccezionali, G. flavimarginatus è un pesce molto timido ed è quieto verso l'uomo; inoltre la credenza che sia velenosa non è fondata. L'unico rischio in caso di morso è che la ferita si infetti.

 src=
G. flavimarginatus con i gamberetti Rhynchocinetes durbanensis

Alimentazione

Basata su pesci, cefalopodi e crostacei. Arriva a stremare i polpi indopacifici, la sua preda preferita, contorcendosi su sé stessa e strappando a brandelli la carne e le braccia. È stata osservata predare anche murene più piccole o addirittura piccoli squali. Come altre murene, G. flavimarginatus è dotata di una "mascella" aggiuntiva nell'esofago allo scopo di inghiottire al meglio prede voluminose (mascella faringea).

Note

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Gymnothorax flavimarginatus: Brief Summary ( италијански )

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 src= G. flavimarginatus in un anfratto; notare in alto il margine caudale giallo

La murena bordata (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus), nota anche come murena dal bordo giallo, è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Muraenidae, diffuso nelle barriere coralline dell'Indo-Pacifico tropicale.

 src= Gli occhi arancioni distinguono G. flavimarginatus dalla murena gigante
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Geelgevlekte murene ( холандски; фламански )

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Vissen

De Geelgevlekte murene (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) is een murene die voorkomt in de Grote en Indische Oceaan tot diepten van 150 meter. De soort kan een lengte bereiken van zo'n 240 centimeter.

Referenties

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Geelgevlekte murene: Brief Summary ( холандски; фламански )

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De Geelgevlekte murene (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) is een murene die voorkomt in de Grote en Indische Oceaan tot diepten van 150 meter. De soort kan een lengte bereiken van zo'n 240 centimeter.

 src=

Yellow-edged moray

 src=

Yellow-edged moray

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黃邊裸胸鱔 ( кинески )

добавил wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Gymnothorax flavimarginatus
Rüppell,1830

黃邊裸胸鱔,又名黃邊鰭裸胸鯙,俗名薯鰻、錢鰻,為輻鰭魚綱鰻鱺目鯙亞目鯙科的其中一個

分布

本魚分布於印度太平洋區,包括紅海東非南非馬達加斯加模里西斯阿曼馬爾地夫印度台灣印尼新幾內亞越南琉球群島可可群島聖誕島澳洲關島馬紹爾群島密克羅尼西亞夏威夷群島新喀里多尼亞馬里亞納群島帛琉東加薩摩亞群島法屬波里尼西亞哥斯大黎加加拉巴哥群島哥倫比亞等海域。

深度

水深1至150公尺。

特徵

本魚體呈蛇狀,表皮厚且光滑無鱗片,能分泌粘液,身體密佈暗褐色點;鰓裂周圍具黑斑;各鰭具黃色或黃綠色之邊。無胸鰭,背鰭、臀鰭與尾鰭相連呈皮膜狀,尾部側扁,牙齒銳利,需小心咬傷。體長可達1公尺。

生態

本魚性情兇猛,為常見的種類,棲息於潮池或珊瑚礁及岩礁的洞穴中,嗅覺靈敏但視力不佳,具地域性,游泳能力不強,肉食性,以捕食魚類頭足類為食。

經濟利用

非食用魚,血清中含有一種毒蛋白,稱為血清毒,誤食可能會造成食物中毒。可當作觀賞魚,飼養魚水族箱中。

参考文献

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黃邊裸胸鱔: Brief Summary ( кинески )

добавил wikipedia 中文维基百科

黃邊裸胸鱔,又名黃邊鰭裸胸鯙,俗名薯鰻、錢鰻,為輻鰭魚綱鰻鱺目鯙亞目鯙科的其中一個

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Description ( англиски )

добавил World Register of Marine Species
Occurs in coral or rocky areas of reef flats and protected shorelines to seaward reefs. Feeds on fishes and crustaceans.

Навод

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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Habitat ( англиски )

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Known from seamounts and knolls

Навод

Stocks, K. 2009. Seamounts Online: an online information system for seamount biology. Version 2009-1. World Wide Web electronic publication.

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