Sub-Saharan Africa: all S of Sahara except most of Namibia, W South Africa but rare in forest areas (lamelligerus); W Madagascar (madagascariensis); dry season only to much of West Africa.
Near water
Resident and visitor
Die Oopbekooievaar (Anastomus lamelligerus) is 'n gelokaliseerde algemene standvoël wat inheems is aan groot dele van Afrika suid van die Sahara. Die voël is 74 – 90 cm groot en weeg 700 - 1200 g. Die voël broei koloniaal soms saam tot 100 pare. In Engels staan dit bekend as African openbill.
Oopbekooievaar in San Diego se dieretuin.
Nog een in die dieretuin by San Diego.
Die Oopbekooievaar (Anastomus lamelligerus) is 'n gelokaliseerde algemene standvoël wat inheems is aan groot dele van Afrika suid van die Sahara. Die voël is 74 – 90 cm groot en weeg 700 - 1200 g. Die voël broei koloniaal soms saam tot 100 pare. In Engels staan dit bekend as African openbill.
El picotenaza africanu [1] (Anastomus lamelligerus) ye una especie d'ave ciconiforme de la familia Ciconiidae de color negru que s'atopa en Madagascar y bona parte del África subsaḥariana. [2]
Conócense dos subespecies de Anastomus lamelligerus: [3]
.
Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Aves, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies. El picotenaza africanu (Anastomus lamelligerus) ye una especie d'ave ciconiforme de la familia Ciconiidae de color negru que s'atopa en Madagascar y bona parte del África subsaḥariana.
Beg-digor Afrika (Anastomus lamelligerus) a zo un evn hirc'harek.
Al labous a gaver an daou isspesad anezhañ[1][2]:
a vo kavet e Wikimedia Commons.
Beg-digor Afrika (Anastomus lamelligerus) a zo un evn hirc'harek.
El bec de tenalles africà [1] (Anastomus lamelligerus) és un ocell camallarg de la família dels cicònids (Ciconiidae) d'hàbits sedentaris que habita zones humides d'Àfrica subsahariana, al nord del Tròpic de Capricorn, i també a l'oest de Madagascar.
Fa una llargària de 80 - 94 cm i un pes d'1 a 1,3 kg essent més grans els mascles que les femelles. El plomatge és fosc i brillant amb tons verds, marrons o porpra. Amb el bec tancat es manté entre la mandíbula inferior i la superior una escotadura d'uns 6 mm. Bec i potes foscos.
S'alimenta principalment de grans cargols aquàtics, sobretot ampul·làrids,[2] així com altres mol·luscs, granotes, crancs, cucs, peixos i insectes.
Normalment crien aprofitant el fi de la temporada de pluges, en què el subministrament d'aliments és òptim, però també poden criar en altre moment. Ponen generalment 3 – 4 ous que coven 25 – 30 dies.
El bec de tenalles africà (Anastomus lamelligerus) és un ocell camallarg de la família dels cicònids (Ciconiidae) d'hàbits sedentaris que habita zones humides d'Àfrica subsahariana, al nord del Tròpic de Capricorn, i també a l'oest de Madagascar.
Fa una llargària de 80 - 94 cm i un pes d'1 a 1,3 kg essent més grans els mascles que les femelles. El plomatge és fosc i brillant amb tons verds, marrons o porpra. Amb el bec tancat es manté entre la mandíbula inferior i la superior una escotadura d'uns 6 mm. Bec i potes foscos.
S'alimenta principalment de grans cargols aquàtics, sobretot ampul·làrids, així com altres mol·luscs, granotes, crancs, cucs, peixos i insectes.
Normalment crien aprofitant el fi de la temporada de pluges, en què el subministrament d'aliments és òptim, però també poden criar en altre moment. Ponen generalment 3 – 4 ous que coven 25 – 30 dies.
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Ciconia pig agored Affrica (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: ciconiaid pig agored Affrica) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Anastomus lamelligerus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw African open-bill stork. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Ciconiaid (Lladin: Ciconiidae) sydd yn urdd y Ciconiformes.[1]
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn A. lamelligerus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2]
Mae'r ciconia pig agored Affrica yn perthyn i deulu'r Ciconiaid (Lladin: Ciconiidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:
Rhestr Wicidata:
rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Ciconia Abdim Ciconia abdimii Ciconia amryliw Mycteria leucocephala
_21-Mar-2007_7-37-51_AM_21-Mar-2007_7-37-52.JPG)
.jpg)
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Ciconia pig agored Affrica (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: ciconiaid pig agored Affrica) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Anastomus lamelligerus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw African open-bill stork. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Ciconiaid (Lladin: Ciconiidae) sydd yn urdd y Ciconiformes.
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn A. lamelligerus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.
Zejozob africký (Anastomus lamelligerus) je velký, převážně černý brodivý pták dorůstající průměrně 87 cm. Jeho charakteristickým znakem je zvláštně tvarovaný zobák, u kterého je i při zavření mezi jednotlivými čelistmi viditelná mezera. Zatímco horní čelistí svou kořist přidržuje, dolní přeřezává a odděluje schránku měkkýšů.[2] Obývá mokřiny na rozsáhlém území subsaharské Afriky a na západní části Madagaskaru. Hnízdo v podobě malé plošiny z větví si staví na stromech nebo na keřích.
Jedná se o potravní specialisty.[3] Živí se zejména měkkýši. K dobývání jejich těl ze schránek používá speciálně upravený tvar zobáku, který je pro zejozoba charakteristickým.[4] Požírá však také obojživelníky a ryby.
Zejozob africký je v zajetí chován zřídka. V celé Evropě jej mají (stav k létu 2018) v pouhých 14 zoo (5 německých, 4 českých, 3 francouzských a jedné britské a jedné belgické).[5] V rámci Česka jej chovají tato zařízení:[5][6]
První jedinec tohoto druhu pobýval v Zoo Praha v 50. letech 20. století (1956–1957). Chovný pár pak do českého hlavního města přišel v roce 1996. První odchov byl zaznamenán v roce 2011.[4] Jednalo se vůbec o první přirozený odchov pod rodičovským párem v Evropě. Pražská zoologická zahrada má také světové prvenství: nejvíce přirozených odchovů.[7][3]
V letech 2012–2016 bylo odchováno 23 mláďat, z toho 9 uměle a 14 přirozenou cestou pod rodiči. Rok 2016 se stal do té doby rekordním – odchováno bylo 7 zejozobů od třech párů.[8] V roce 2017 se podařilo odchovat dokonce deset mláďat. Do roku 2018 se podařilo vylíhnout již 63 mláďat.[7] Do téhož roku včetně se podařilo přirozeně odchovat (tj. za 8 sezón: 2011–2018) 30 mláďat.[3]
Ke konci roku 2017 bylo chováno 14 jedinců.[6]
Zejozobové jsou k vidění v rámci expozičního celku Ptačí mokřady.[4]
V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku African Openbill na anglické Wikipedii.
Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu zejozob africký ve Wikimedia Commons
Galerie zejozob africký ve Wikimedia Commons
Zejozob africký (Anastomus lamelligerus) je velký, převážně černý brodivý pták dorůstající průměrně 87 cm. Jeho charakteristickým znakem je zvláštně tvarovaný zobák, u kterého je i při zavření mezi jednotlivými čelistmi viditelná mezera. Zatímco horní čelistí svou kořist přidržuje, dolní přeřezává a odděluje schránku měkkýšů. Obývá mokřiny na rozsáhlém území subsaharské Afriky a na západní části Madagaskaru. Hnízdo v podobě malé plošiny z větví si staví na stromech nebo na keřích.
Afrikansk gabenæb (latin: Anastomus lamelligerus) er en subsaharisk storkefugl.
Taksonomi fra Wikispecies Afrikansk gabenæb (latin: Anastomus lamelligerus) er en subsaharisk storkefugl.
Der Mohrenklaffschnabel (Anastomus lamelligerus) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Störche (Ciconiidae). Die Nominatform (A. l. lamelligerus) lebt als Brutvogel im tropischen Afrika südlich der Sahara und nördlich des Südlichen Wendekreis, die Unterart (A. l. madagaskarensis) im westlichen Madagaskar. Die Bestände des Vogels sind nach Angaben der IUCN nicht gefährdet.
Der Mohrenklaffschnabel erreicht eine Körperlänge von 80 bis 94 cm und ein Gewicht von 1 bis 1,3 kg. Männchen werden größer. Das Gefieder ist dunkel und schimmert grün, bräunlich oder purpurn. Bei geschlossenem Schnabel bleibt zwischen Ober- und Unterschnabel in der Mitte eine Lücke von etwa 6 mm. Die madagassische Unterart bleibt kleiner, ihr Schnabel ist zierlicher.
Der Mohrenklaffschnabel lebt in Feuchtgebieten, in Sümpfen, an den Ufern von Seen und Flüssen, Überschwemmungsflächen und in feuchten Savannen. Er ernährt sich vor allem von größeren aquatischen Schnecken (Apfelschnecken), daneben auch von Muscheln, Landschnecken, Fröschen, Krabben, Würmern, Fischen und Insekten. Mohrenklaffschnäbel halten sich oft in der Nähe von Flusspferden auf, die womöglich bei der Nahrungssuche hilfreich sind, wenn sie das Wasser oder die Ufer aufwühlen.
Die Brutzeit der Mohrenklaffschnäbel beginnt meist am Ende der Regenzeit, wenn das Nahrungsangebot optimal ist, kann aber auch zu Beginn oder kurz vor dem Beginn der Regenzeit starten. Sie bauen in Gruppen ihre Baumnester meist über dem Wasser oder über Röhricht. Das für Störche kleine, nur 50 cm im Durchmesser messende Nest wird aus Zweigen und Schilf gebaut. Normalerweise werden drei bis vier, mindestens zwei und höchstens fünf Eier gelegt, die 25 bis 30 Tage bebrütet werden. Die geschlüpften Jungvögel haben ein schwarzes Daunengefieder und normal gebaute Schnäbel. Sie verlassen nach 50 bis 55 Tagen das Nest.
Der Mohrenklaffschnabel (Anastomus lamelligerus) ist eine Art aus der Familie der Störche (Ciconiidae). Die Nominatform (A. l. lamelligerus) lebt als Brutvogel im tropischen Afrika südlich der Sahara und nördlich des Südlichen Wendekreis, die Unterart (A. l. madagaskarensis) im westlichen Madagaskar. Die Bestände des Vogels sind nach Angaben der IUCN nicht gefährdet.
Korongo domo-wazi (Anastomus lamelligerus) ni ndege anayeishi katika Afrika na Madagascar.
Makala hii kuhusu ndege fulani bado ni mbegu. Афрыканскі бусел-разявака (Anastomus lamelligerus) — птушка сямейства бусьліных. Намінальная форма (A. l. lamelligerus) гняздуе ў трапічнай Афрыцы на поўдзень ад Сахары і на поўнач ад Паўднёвага тропіка, падвід (A. l. madagaskarensis) у заходнім Мадагаскары.
The African openbill (Anastomus lamelligerus) is a species of stork from the family Ciconiidae.[2] It is widely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa and western regions of Madagascar.[3] This species is considered common to locally abundant across its range, although it has a patchy distribution.[4] Some experts consider there to be two sub-species, A. l. lamelligerus distributed on the continent and A. l. madagascariensis living on the island of Madagascar.[5] Scientists distinguish between the two sub-species due to the more pronounced longitudinal ridges on the bills of adult A. l. madagascariensis.[5] The Asian openbill (Anastomus oscitans) found in Asia is the African openbill’s closest relative.[2] The two species share the same notably large bill of a peculiar shape that gives them their name.
The African openbill is a stork measuring 80-94 cm and weighing 1-1.3 kg.[6] The species does not exhibit any major sexual dimorphism, although the males are slightly larger than the females and have a longer and heavier bill.[2] The adult bill is between 135-196 mm in length,[7] brownish in color and has a gap between the upper and lower mandible.[3] This gap is non-existent in juvenile birds and develops as the bird ages.[2] It is because the two mandibles of the beak only meet at the tip and not in the middle that this stork genus received the name of “openbill”.[3]
The adult plumage is overall black with iridescent green feathers on their backs, coverts and abdomens.[2] The juvenile plumage is usually less vibrant and browner in color with the feathers of the underparts having pale tips.[6] The legs and feet are black.[2] The eyes are grey with grey lores and no distinct coloration of the eye-ring[6].
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Close up of head
Juvenile African openbill
_holding_a_freshwater_snail_..._(32540781473),_crop.jpg)
African openbill holding a snail with the tip of its bill
The gap in the bill of the African Openbill stork was first hypothesized to serve as a nutcracker, crushing the shells of the snails this stork feeds on. Scientists later demonstrated that the bill does not serve this function. Rather the opening between the two mandibles facilitates grasping the shells of the snails. The convergent tips of the mandibles prevent the slipping forward of a spherical object being carried by the storks. The curve in the lower mandible allows the stork to have the perfect angle of attack to force its way under the operculum and release the molluscs from their shells. The bill of the African openbill storks closely evolved with the bird’s specialized diet, allowing for the perfect handling of snails and other molluscs.[7]
Many of the social displays of the African openbill stork are accompanied by bill clatters as is common in most of the Ciconiidae species. This bird also croaks and honks loudly.[6]
These storks are smaller in stature than most of the other species in their family which allows them to be much more agile in the air.[2] This agility can be observed during their descents from high altitudes as they often perform steep dives and remarkable acrobatic manoeuvres.[2] During their migration flights, the African openbill storks will use sustained flapping flight with an average wing flap rate of 200-210 flaps/minute.[2] They will also often soar on the thermals when commuting to and from distant feeding areas.[6] This allows them to travel long distances to obtain food without expending too much energy.[2] In flight, these birds have their necks and head extended and their long, broad wings are spread out and perfect for soaring and gliding on the air currents.[6]
The adult African openbill does not have many predators, although they are preyed upon by the tawny eagle (Aquila rapax). The African openbill eggs are preyed on by the African harrier-hawk (Polyboroides typus), the African marsh-harrier (Circus ranivorus) and the monitor lizards of the Varanus genus.[8]
The African openbill adults have dark shiny feathers on their wings and chest that serve in parade and other types of signaling between individuals of the species. These special feathers do not follow the typical structure of feathers. Usually, feathers have a rachi, barbs and barbules, but none of that is found in these parade feathers. Instead, the feathers have a single ribbon-shaped body and a few long, fine stems that disperse laterally from the flat part of the ribbon. This structure serves to create the iridescent colors observed on the feathers. The bottom part of the feathers presents the normal structure of feathers and serves for insulation purposes. It doesn’t produce any color. The coloration is perceived on the outside of the ribbon structure and therefore the iridescence is produced by the external portion of the cortex. This cortex consists of melanin nodules repeated periodically along planes inside the ribbon. These planes are parallel to each other. Scientists believe the dark green appearance of these feathers to be due to the low reflectance levels of the melanin nodules.[3]
Two color-producing processes have been proposed to explain why these feathers have a green coloration:
The African openbill stork is considered out of danger worldwide as it is abundant in various portions of its range.[9] There are no current estimate for the total population numbers,[10] but they appear to be quite stable.[9] Although they are not currently threatened, they remain a large bird with low reproductive success meaning that human activities affecting their habitat could have a big impact on the species.[10]
These birds primarily feed on aquatic snails of the genus Pila.[2] They have been observed to also eat freshwater mussels. In different parts of their range, some individuals have been observed to eat terrestrial snails, frogs, crabs, fish, worms and large insects.[6] It is important to note, that none of these are the preferred food choice of the African openbill.
To forage for snails, the African openbill stands in shallow water, repeatedly dipping its beak in.[10] They hold their bill slightly ajar and will snap it shut if they encounter a prey. Once they have a hold on the prey, they hold it with the tip of their mandibles and carry it back to shore.[10] The storks will start slowly walking around and changing location, if they do not capture anything in the area they decided to forage in.[7]
The African openbill sometimes forages by standing on the back of hippopotamuses (Hippopotamus amphibius).[7] As the hippopotamus wades through the vegetation, it upturns it and exposes the multiple snails that cling to the undersides of the plants. The stork will then feed on these exposed snails that have become easy prey.[7] The hippopotamus does not seem to mind the presences of the bird on its back and is not harmed by it in any way.[7]
Lastly, very few individuals have been observed to forage visually from afar.[7] There are accounts of African openbill storks swooping down from their nest and immediately securing a prey. This behavior is extremely uncommon for the stork but does occur.
The nestlings of the African openbill stork never voluntarily eat anything else than molluscs.[7] Even when extremely hungry, the nestlings will not ingest other types of meat unless being force-fed.[2] The nestlings have been observed as unaware of how to consume fish.[7] When presented with them, the young African openbill would try to swallow them sideways or backwards as it is not instinctive to them how to consume those food items.[7] The young feed in the nest through regurgitation from the parents.[2][7] When eating, the nestlings bring their wings over their head in an attempt to protect their food from being stolen by competing nest mates.[2] In nestlings, the sides of the lower mandible are flexible, and the gular skin is loose and elastic which allows them to swallow large pieces of food relative to their size.[7] The esophagus is expandible and permits storage of food. The nestlings can ingest large quantities of food when available which allows them to survive relatively long periods of time with no food intake.[2]
The adults either feed alone or in large group. If a colony has found a successful foraging area, they often return to it and piles of snail shells can be seen accumulating on the shores. During nesting season, the African openbill adults will bring the food items back to their nest and these large piles of shells can be seen accumulating under the colony’s tree.[6]
Once the storks capture a mollusc, they carry their prey to shore for extraction and consumption of the meat.[10] The African openbill are well known for removing the meat of the molluscs without breaking their fragile shells.
Most of this procedure is done underwater or hidden in vegetation, therefore there is still a lot of unknowns surrounding how exactly the African Openbill removes the meat from the snail shells. Scientists know that the storks often submerge their head in the water while working on the shells and that they vigorously shake their heads up and down while doing so. This vigorous motion of the head led many scientists to incorrectly conclude the storks were crushing shells. Freshly discarded shells have been collected in multiple studies and have always been found whole, therefore discrediting the hypothesis of the storks breaking the shells to obtain the mollusc meat. The African openbill storks are believed to remove the snails from their shells by using their bills to pin the snails down long enough for the bird to severe the operculum. This is achieved by using the tip of the upper mandible to hold the snail on the ground and forcing the tip of the upper mandible under the operculum. Once the attachment point broken, the stork uses the tip of its bill to grasp onto the snail’s body and shakes its head sideways to release the meat from the shell. Finally, the stork swallows the body whole by tossing its head backwards.[6][7]
Opening mussels poses a bigger problem to the storks. Since the African openbill can’t open the mussel by itself, it will usually gather them up in large piles on the shore and wait for the sun to kill them. Once dead, the mussels release their hold on the shells leaving the meat accessible to the birds.[8]
African openbill storks live in every habitat where suitable mollusc prey can be found.[10] Their preferred habitats remain long stretches of freshwater. They can sometimes be seen far from humid habitats, but only exceptionally.[3] The place you are most likely to see them are on large freshwater wetlands with nearby tall trees or shrubs for them to nest in.[6]
Some African openbill population are trans-equatorial migrants.[11] Timing their migration to arrive in West Africa for the start of the dry period. They migrate in flocks and most of the reason and organisation behind these movements remain unknown. Some populations migrate while others are residents, migration in African openbill highly depends on the weather conditions.[6]
The African openbill uses the same comfort movements as seen in other storks such as preening, scratching and stretching. In addition, they rub the crown of their heads on the feathers of their backs in a circular, rolling motion. Other comfort movements include adopting the spread wing posture while sunning. While in the spread wing posture, the African openbill stork will sometimes excrete on its. This is known as “urohidrosis” and serves for thermoregulatory purposes.[2]
Few social interactions are observed when the storks are foraging. Flocks are even often seen foraging together. Sometimes hostile confrontations can occur between birds. In those situations, the dominant bird gives the Forward Threat display which lasts for a few seconds. The subordinate bird will respond to that display by adopting the Upright Display. If this doesn’t terminate the threat from the dominant bird, the subordinate will stop its display and fly away.[2]
The comfort movements of the nestlings are exactly the same as those of the parents. They include the typical preening, scratching and stretching as well as the spread-wing sunning and urohidrosis for thermoregulation.
For the first 55 days of their life, the nestlings depend on their parents for everything. They are confined to the nest and rely on their parents for food and water. For the first few weeks of their life, they remain dependant on their parents for protection from predators.
The main display that nestlings exhibit towards their parents is called the Begging Display. During this display, the nestlings drop down as the parent approach with their body almost horizontal. They then open their wings and pump them up and down rhythmically while giving weak and sporadic “yes” nods and occasional jerky “no” nods. They accompany these movements of nasal chittering vocalizations that are timed with the upwards motion of the head.
African openbill nestling only perform one display towards other individuals, which is named the Nestling Defense display. It is used when any individual unknown to the nestling approaches too close to the nest. This can be other adults from the same colony or even birds of different species. Overall, the display resembles the Begging Display with a few exceptions. During this display, the feathers of the head, neck, breast and upper back are strongly erect, the wings are held farther out from the sides and the nestlings makes high pitched screams and gobbling sounds as they try to grab at their opponent.
African openbill storks are opportunistic breeders. The species forms monogamous pairs and breeding colonies usually contain less than 60 pairs.[8] These colonies can either be formed of only African openbills or be mixed with cormorants, herons, African spoonbills, African darters and other storks.[8][10] The breeding success of the African openbill stork is estimated to be less than one young per pair per year.[10]
The occurrence of the breeding season varies with distribution as the hatching of the nestling is timed to coincide with the emergence of snails.[6][10] It can start either just before, at the beginning of or late in the rainy season. The bulk of the breeding season occurs during the rainy season and peaks in January-March.[6] The rainy season lasts from August to May.[6]
The males of a colony will select a nest spot and display on it.[8] Females will move from tree to tree, trying to approach the male’s nest spots. The males repeatedly drive away the females.[8] Violent fights can erupt between the potential pairs if the females approach the nest too quickly.[2] Eventually, the male accepts the female as a mate and allows her to come near into the nest spot for copulation. Overall, males dominate the mate selection process as they have the final say of who they mate with.
African openbill storks’ nest in tall trees and often favor the lowest branches of those trees.[12] The nest which usually takes up to a week to build and both sexes contribute to the construction.[8] The African openbill builds a nest that is ~50 cm wide,[6] which is relatively small for this medium-sized bird. The nest consists of a thin platform of sticks and twigs, lined with leaves, grasses, sedges and other aquatic plants.[8]
The female African openbill will lay 3 to 4 eggs.[6] These are oval and chalky white. Both parents will then care for the eggs through the incubation period of 25-30 days.[6] When taking care of the eggs, the parents can occasionally be seen regurgitating water over them.[2] The exact nature of this behaviour remains unknown, but scientists believe it serves to cool down the eggs.[6] Once the chicks have hatched, parental care continues to be shared by both parents and both the male and female will bring food and care for the hatchlings.[6] After 50-55 days in the nest, the chicks will fledge and leave the nest.[6]
Habitat loss, disturbances of feeding areas, pollution from pesticide used on mosquitoes and entanglement in fishing lines all pose potential threats to these birds.[6][8] The African openbill does remain common in habitats suitable for them, but human activity could pose a danger to the species.[6]
In Kenya, the African openbill stork is subject to deliberate poisoning from poachers. They are being poisoned through a special baiting technique that uses a live decoy. The poachers set up the decoy and then disturb flocks of storks so that they have no other choice than to settle near the decoy. The African openbill feed directly on the snails near the decoy which have been poisoned by the poachers. This method disproportionately affects the African openbill stork because they are a flocking species that lives year-round on the areas poisoned by the poachers. They are also preferentially poisoned because poachers can turn a greater profit from these birds. The stork isn’t currently at risk, but the continuation of this method of poaching could be detrimental to the populations. This practice continues in Kenya because of the social importance of eating wild bird meat. It has become a habit of the population as the people believe wild meat is the best available option, especially when it is not expensive.[13]
In South Africa, DDT remains in use to control malaria. This pesticide ends up in the environment and affects the local species. Studies have been carried out on the amount of DDT present in different African birds' eggs. They have found that the eggs of the African openbill had the highest means of DDT. The snails eaten by the storks live in sediments and bio-concentrate DDT because they filter the contaminated water and feed on contaminated plankton. The high amount of DDT in African openbill eggs can be explained by their consumption of highly contaminated snails.[14]
No investigation has been made yet on the impact of high DDT content in eggs. Since the effect of this high concentration of contaminants hasn't been researched yet, it is impossible to know the impact it might have on the stork population. The biggest risk is the thinning of the eggshells which would reduce the breeding success of the storks. This success being already very low, it would be dangerous for the survival of the species if it were to drop even lower.
The African openbill (Anastomus lamelligerus) is a species of stork from the family Ciconiidae. It is widely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa and western regions of Madagascar. This species is considered common to locally abundant across its range, although it has a patchy distribution. Some experts consider there to be two sub-species, A. l. lamelligerus distributed on the continent and A. l. madagascariensis living on the island of Madagascar. Scientists distinguish between the two sub-species due to the more pronounced longitudinal ridges on the bills of adult A. l. madagascariensis. The Asian openbill (Anastomus oscitans) found in Asia is the African openbill’s closest relative. The two species share the same notably large bill of a peculiar shape that gives them their name.
La Afrika anastomo aŭ Afrika malfermbekulo (Anastomus lamelligerus) estas specio de cikonio de la familio de Cikoniedoj kaj genro de Malfermbekuloj, kiu havas nur du speciojn, nome tiun ĉi kaj azian parencon.
Temas pri granda cikonio 80 ĝis 94 cm longa kaj kun pezo de 1 ĝis 1,3 kg. La plumaro estas ĉefe nigreca kun pli senbrilaj nigraj kapo kaj kolo, kaj fortaj brilaj irizecoj en brusto (malhelverdecaj), dorso kaj flugiloj (purpuraj). La irisoj estas malhelbrunaj, estas nigreca ĉirkaŭokula haŭta ringo kaj brida senpluma haŭtaĵo pli malhelgriza ĝis la bekobazo. La beko estas tre fortika kaj kornokolora al nigreca; ĉefa trajto estas ke ĉe plenkreskulo la bordo de la makzeloj ne kongruas, formas bekotruon kaj kuniĝas nur pinte, kio ŝajne helpas al la manĝado de helikoj kaj aliaj moluskoj. Tiun karaktero kunhavas la parenca azia nome Azia anastomo, sed tiu ne havas la ebenajn filtrilojn (“lamellae”) kiujn havas tiu ĉi afrika cikonio, kio aperas ankaŭ en la latina scienca nomo. La kruroj estas malhelgrizaj al nigrecaj.
Junuloj ne estas tiom malhelaj, kaj havas rektan bekon, kiu kurbiĝos laŭ aĝo.
Tiu afrotropisa specio troviĝas en subsahara Afriko nome en Angolo, Benino, Bocvano, Burkino, Burundio, Kameruno, Centrafrika Respubliko, Ĉado, Respubliko Kongo, Demokratia Respubliko Kongo, Eburbordo, Ekvatora Gvineo, Eritreo, Etiopio, Gabono, Ganao, Kenjo, Liberio, okcidenta Madagaskaro, Malavio, Malio, Maŭritanio, Mozambiko, Namibio, Niĝero, Niĝerio, Ruando, Senegalio, Sieraleono, Somalio, Sudafriko, Sudano, Tanzanio, Togolando, Ugando, Zambio, kaj Zimbabvo.[1]
Ĝi loĝas en arbaroj kaj humidejoj.
La Afrika anastomo aŭ Afrika malfermbekulo (Anastomus lamelligerus) estas specio de cikonio de la familio de Cikoniedoj kaj genro de Malfermbekuloj, kiu havas nur du speciojn, nome tiun ĉi kaj azian parencon.
El picotenaza africano (Anastomus lamelligerus)[1] es una especie de ave ciconiforme de la familia Ciconiidae de color negro que se encuentra en Madagascar y buena parte del África subsahariana.[2]
Se conocen dos subespecies de Anastomus lamelligerus:[3]
El picotenaza africano (Anastomus lamelligerus) es una especie de ave ciconiforme de la familia Ciconiidae de color negro que se encuentra en Madagascar y buena parte del África subsahariana.
Anastomus lamelligerus Anastomus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Ciconiidae familian sailkatua dago.
Anastomus lamelligerus Anastomus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Ciconiidae familian sailkatua dago.
Afrikanrakonokka (Anastomus lamelligerus) on laajalla alueella Saharan eteläpuolisessa Afrikassa tavattava kattohaikaroihin kuuluva lintu.
Afrikanrakonokka on suurikokoinen lintu, joko voi kasvaa 81–94 cm pitkäksi. Väritykseltään lintu on kauttaaltaan violettiin vivahtavan musta pronssinruskein yksityiskohdin. Kaulan ja rinnan sulat ovat pienentyneet. Afrinkanrakonokan selkein tuntomerkki on sen pitkä ja massiivinen nokka. Nokan puoliskot eivät sulkeudu täysin, mikä on sopeutuma kotiloiden ja simpukoiden syöntiin.[2][3]
Afrikanrakonokan elinympäristöä ovat suot, vesistöjen reunamaat, tulvaniityt, riisiviljelykset, kosteat savannit ja mutatasangot. Laji muuttaa kuivina kausina suurina parvina kosteille alueille. Lajin pääasiallista ravintoa ovat nilviäiset, kuten kotilot ja simpukat, joiden kuoren se viiltää auki erikoistuneella nokallaan. Afrikanrakonokka voi syödä myös sammakoita, matoja, vesihyönteisiä, rapuja ja kaloja. Afrikanrakonokka pesii suurina kolonioina, toisinaan myös muiden haikaralintulajien kanssa. Pesä sijaitsee puussa tai pensaassa vedn äärellä tai vaihtoehtoisesti ruovikossa.[1][2][3]
Afrikanrakonokka (Anastomus lamelligerus) on laajalla alueella Saharan eteläpuolisessa Afrikassa tavattava kattohaikaroihin kuuluva lintu.
Anastomus lamelligerus
Le Bec-ouvert africain (Anastomus lamelligerus) ou cigogne à bec-ouvert d'Afrique, est une espèce d'échassier appartenant à la famille des Ciconiidae.
Le bec-ouvert africain est un oiseau d'environ 80 centimètres de couleur noire, avec des reflets métalliques. Ce qui le caractérise est la forme de son bec : deux mandibules qui ne se touchent qu'à la base et à la pointe du bec. Cette forme est la conséquence de son adaptation à son régime alimentaire, il se nourrit principalement d'escargots qu'il extirpe de leur coquille grâce à cette forme particulière de bec qui sert de "pince à escargot". Au milieu, la partie supérieure est dotée de cornée. Comme les autres cigognes il produit des claquement de bec lors des parades amoureuses. Le jeune possède un pelage terne et plus clair, son bec est droit, il se courbera au cours de sa croissance.
Il existe une espèce similaire, au plumage blanc, le bec-ouvert indien (Anastomus oscitans).
On le retrouve sur tout le territoire africain, à l'exception du Maghreb. Il est également présent à l'ouest de Madagascar. Il vit dans les zones plantées d'arbres, les lacs et les régions palustres. Il se nourrit de petits escargots qu'il extrait de leur coquille grâce à son bec.
L'espèce niche sur les arbres au milieu de buissons généralement proche d'une étendue d'eau. La saison de reproduction dure d'août à mai, avec un pic entre janvier et mars.
Cet oiseau est représenté par deux sous-espèces :
Anastomus lamelligerus
Le Bec-ouvert africain (Anastomus lamelligerus) ou cigogne à bec-ouvert d'Afrique, est une espèce d'échassier appartenant à la famille des Ciconiidae.
L'anastomo africano (Anastomus lamelligerus, Temminck 1823) è un uccello della famiglia dei Ciconidi, diffuso in Africa.[2]
Anastomus lamelligerus ha due sottospecie:[2]
La specie è presente in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Camerun, Repubblica Centrafricana, Ciad, Repubblica del Congo, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Costa d'Avorio, Guinea Equatoriale, Eritrea, Etiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambico, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Ruanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudafrica, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia e Zimbabwe.[1]
L'anastomo africano (Anastomus lamelligerus, Temminck 1823) è un uccello della famiglia dei Ciconidi, diffuso in Africa.
Afrikinis kiaurasnapis gandras (lot. Anastomus lamelligerus , angl. African Openbill , vok. Mohrenklaffschnabel) – gandrinių (Ciconiidae) šeimos paukštis. Yra du porūšiai:
Paplitęs Užsachario Afrikoje iki Afrikos pietinės dalies. Įprastas Mozambike, Zimbabvėje, Pietų Afrikos respublikos rytuose, Botsvanos ir Namibijos šiaurėje bei Kaprivio ruože. Biotopas – pelkės, šlapynės, ežerų ir upių pakrantės, ryžių laukai.
Šiek tiek mažesni už baltąjį gandrą. Kūno ilgis 80 – 94 cm, sveria 1 000 – 1 300 g. Patinas stambesnis už patelę. Kūnas juodos spalvos, šonų ir krūtinės plunksnos žvilga žalia, ruda ar purpurine spalvomis. Rainelė pilka. Aplink akis yra plikos odos žiedelis. Stambus snapas ties pamatu pilkšvas, o toliau tamsėjantis. Posnapis išlinkęs, su antsnapiu susiglaudžia tik snapo gale. Tarpas tarp posnapio ir antsnapio yra 5 – 6 mm. Kojos juodos.
Jaunikliai rudo atspalvio. Snapas pilkas, posnapis beveik tiesus.
Bendruomeniški paukščiai. Beveik sėslūs, kartais būriais migruoja iš sausros apimtų teritorijų. Balso stygos silpnai išvystytos. Būdingi garsai: kvarkimas, gagėjimas ir kalenimas snapu. Skrenda ištiesęs kaklą. Sklando. Kartos trukmė trukmė 12 metų.
Minta pilvakojais ir dvigeldžiais, varlėmis, krabais, žuvimi, kirmėlėmis ir stambiais vabzdžiais. Maitinasi vienas arba negausiomis grupėmis. Ieškodamas grobio lėtai braido sekliuose vandens telkiniuose. Pastebėjęs grobį paukštis jį snapu pagauna ir sutraiško. Kartais tupi begemotams ant nugaros ir laukia, pasirodančių moliuskų, kurie pakyla begemotams išjudinus vandenį[2]. Dažnai maitintis grįžta į tą pačią vietą, o moliuskų kriaukles krauna į krūvelę.
Monogamai. Veisimosi periodas prasideda prieš pat lietingąjį sezoną arba jam įsibėgėjus, nes tuo metu pagausėja sraigių. Veisiasi 60 – 170 porų kolonijose, medyje nuo 4 iki 20 lizdų. Kartais peri mišriose kolonijose su kitais paukščiais: kormoranais, garniais, afrikinėmis girnovėmis, afrikiniais žalčiakakliais irgandriniais. Lizdavietės virš vandens. Lizdo skersmuo apie 50 cm. Lizdą krauna iš šakų, nendrių, iškloja vandens augalais, žole, lapais, viksvomis. Dėtyje 3 – 5 balti kiaušiniai. Peri abu tėvai, 21 – 30 dienų. Jauniklius maitina abu tėvai, 42 dienas. Lizdą palieka 50 – 55 dienų jaunikliai.
Suaugusių paukščių priešas – azijinis erelis, o kiaušiniais minta afrikiniai linginiai vanagai, afrikinės lingės ir varanas [3]
Afrikinis kiaurasnapis gandras (lot. Anastomus lamelligerus , angl. African Openbill , vok. Mohrenklaffschnabel) – gandrinių (Ciconiidae) šeimos paukštis. Yra du porūšiai:
Anastomus lamelligerus lamelligerus Anastomus lamelligerus madagascariensisDe Afrikaanse gaper (Anastomus lamelligerus) is een grote waadvogel uit de familie van de ooievaars. Hij leeft in natte, open gebieden die wetlands genoemd worden, ten zuiden van de Sahara.
De Afrikaanse gaper is een grote, zwarte ooievaar met een grote snavel. De snavel is kenmerkend voor de soort vanwege de vreemde opening in het midden. Deze opening is aan beide zijden even wijd en heeft een lengte van 6 millimeter. De snavel kleurt van ivoor-wit aan de basis tot aan diep zwart aan de punt. De onvolwassen of juveniele hebben een softere uitstraling dan de ouderdieren. Ook het kenmerkende gat in de snavel ontbreekt op de jonge leeftijd.
Deze ooievaar-achtige heeft een lengte van 81 tot 94 centimeter en kan een massa behalen tot 1,3 kilogram. De mannetjes zijn groter dan de vrouwtjes.
Het verenkleed heeft in het algemeen een donkere kleur, maar in het zonlicht verschijnt er een groenige glans over de veren heen.
De Afrikaanse gaper leeft in vochtige gebieden, draslanden genoemd. Ook verschijnt hij aan kustwateren en natte, savanne gebieden. Hij voedt zich met een soort waterslakken die hij uit het water zeeft. Ook aast hij op mosselen, landslakken, kikkers, krabben, wormen, vissen en insecten.
De Afrikaanse gaper houdt zich meestal rondom groepen nijlpaarden schuil. Deze nijlpaarden bieden hen bescherming tegen vijanden, zoals krokodillen, maar zorgen ook voor meer voedsel. De nijlpaarden woelen de modder op de oevers om waardoor meer voedsel naar boven komt.
De volgende twee ondersoorten komen voor:[2]
De Afrikaanse gaper (Anastomus lamelligerus) is een grote waadvogel uit de familie van de ooievaars. Hij leeft in natte, open gebieden die wetlands genoemd worden, ten zuiden van de Sahara.
Afrikagapenebb (Anastomus lamelligerus) er en fugl i storkefamilien. Den er en rovfugl og lever av fisk og krypdyr.
Inndelingen følger HBW Alive og er i henhold til Elliott (2018).[1] Norske navn på arter følger Norsk navnekomité for fugl og er i henhold til Syvertsen et al. (2008, 2017).[2][3] Eventuelle benevnelser i parentes er kun midlertidige beskrivelser, i påvente av et offisielt navn på arten.
Denne ornitologirelaterte artikkelen er foreløpig kort eller mangelfull, og du kan hjelpe Wikipedia ved å utvide den. Afrikagapenebb (Anastomus lamelligerus) er en fugl i storkefamilien. Den er en rovfugl og lever av fisk og krypdyr.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons 
Hasło w Wikisłowniku Kleszczak afrykański (Anastomus lamelligerus) – gatunek dużego ptaka z rodziny bocianów (Ciconiidae); dziób jasny. Między zamkniętymi połówkami szeroka "dziura". Zwykle towarzyski, żeruje na terenach otwartych; pozwala obserwować się z bliska. Swoim niezwykłym dziobem kruszy skorupy małży i ślimaków.
Kleszczak afrykański (Anastomus lamelligerus) – gatunek dużego ptaka z rodziny bocianów (Ciconiidae); dziób jasny. Między zamkniętymi połówkami szeroka "dziura". Zwykle towarzyski, żeruje na terenach otwartych; pozwala obserwować się z bliska. Swoim niezwykłym dziobem kruszy skorupy małży i ślimaków.
Rozmiary Długość ciała 100 cm, rozpiętość skrzydeł 130-150 cm, masa ciała 1,2-1,3 kg. Zasięg, środowisko Afryka. Lokalnie liczny na terenach podmokłych. Niektóre osiadłe, większość jednak wędruje w obrębie całej Afryki. Podgatunki Wyróżniono dwa podgatunki A. lamelligerus: Anastomus lamelligerus madagascariensis – Madagaskar Anastomus lamelligerus lamelligerus – Afryka, południowa SaharaO bico-aberto (Anastomus lamelligerus) é uma espécie de cegonha da família Ciconiidae.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Camarões, República Centro-Africana, Chade, República do Congo, República Democrática do Congo, Costa do Marfim, Guiné Equatorial, Eritreia, Etiópia, Gabão, Gana, Quénia, Libéria, Madagáscar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritânia, Moçambique, Namíbia, Níger, Nigéria, Ruanda, Senegal, Serra Leoa, Somália, África do Sul, Sudão, Suazilândia, Tanzânia, Togo, Uganda, Zâmbia e Zimbabwe.
O bico-aberto (Anastomus lamelligerus) é uma espécie de cegonha da família Ciconiidae.
Afrikansk gapnäbbsstork[2] (Anastomus lamelligerus) är en fågel i familjen storkar inom ordningen storkfåglar.[3]
Afrikansk gapnäbbsstork är en 80–94 centimeter lång stork med en vikt på 1-1,3 kg. Den adulta fågeln är allmänt mörk, på manteln och bröstet glansigt grön, brun och lila. Näbben är brunaktig och anmärkningsvärt stor. Benen är svarta och ögat är grått. Ungfågeln är mer dovt brun med bleka fjäderspetsar.[4]
Afrikansk gapnäbbsstork delas in i två underarter med följande utbredning:[3]
Den har även vid två tillfällen påträffats i Egypten.[5] Arten är huvudsakligen en stannfågel, men kan göra nomadiska vandringar, framför allt i arida områden när torrsäsongen inleds.[6]
Fågeln förekommer i grunda våtmarker och kan hittas varhelst dess huvudföda mollusker finns tillgänglig, som översvämmade fält, träskmarker, dammar, grunda floddelar, risfält, laguner, sjökanter och tidvattensslätter.[6] Arten lever nästan uteslutande av vattenlevande sniglar och sötvattensmusslor,[6] men kan också inta landlevande sniglar, grodor, krabbor, fiskar, daggmask och större insekt. Den födosöker ensam eller i små grupper..[4]
Afrikansk gapnäbbsstork häckar under regnsäsongen då tillgången på sniglar är större. Den häckar i kolonier i träd i halvmeterstora bon av kvistar och vass. Fågeln lägger tre till fyra ovala kritvita ägg. Båda könen ruvar äggen i 25–30 dagar och ungarna lämnar boet 50–55 dagar efter kläckning.[4]
Arten har ett stort utbredningsområde och en stor population, men tros minska i antal, dock inte tillräckligt kraftigt för att den ska betraktas som hotad.[1] IUCN kategoriserar därför arten som livskraftig (LC).[1]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör afrikansk gapnäbbsstork.
Wikispecies har information om Anastomus lamelligerus.
Afrikansk gapnäbbsstork (Anastomus lamelligerus) är en fågel i familjen storkar inom ordningen storkfåglar.
Cò nhạn châu Phi (danh pháp hai phần: Anastomus lamelligerus) là một loài cò nhạn trong Họ Hạc. Loài cò này ăn các loài không xương sống (ốc, động vật hai mảnh vỏ) thủy sinh và ếch nhái.
Loài cò này được tìm thấy xuyên suốt từ vùng châu Phi hạ Sahara từ đông Senegal cho tới Ethiopia và rồi xuống phía nam tới tận KwaZulu-Natal ở phía đông Nam Phi.[1][2] Chúng chủ yếu sống tại các vùng gần nguồn nước.[1]
Tại Sở thú San Diego
Tại Sở thú San Diego
Hình chụp ở Entebbe, Uganda
Cò nhạn châu Phi (danh pháp hai phần: Anastomus lamelligerus) là một loài cò nhạn trong Họ Hạc. Loài cò này ăn các loài không xương sống (ốc, động vật hai mảnh vỏ) thủy sinh và ếch nhái.
Anastomus lamelligerus Temminck, 1823
Охранный статус
Африканский аист-разиня[1] (лат. Anastomus lamelligerus) — птица из семейства аистовых. Номинативный подвид (A. l. lamelligerus) гнездится в тропической Африке к югу от Сахары и к северу от Южного тропика, подвид (A. l. madagaskarensis) в западном Мадагаскаре.
Африканский аист-разиня достигает длины от 80 до 94 см и веса от 1 до 1,3 кг. Самцы крупнее. Оперение тёмное, с зеленоватым отливом, коричневатое или пурпурное. При закрытом клюве в середине между надклювьем и подклювьем остается пробел примерно 6 мм. Мадагаскарский подвид меньше, его клюв изящнее.
Африканский аист-разиня обитает во влажных областях, на болотах, по берегам озёр и рек, на затапливаемых территориях и во влажных саваннах. Он питается, прежде всего большими водными улитками («яблочные улитки», Ampullariidae), а также двустворчатыми, брюхоногими, лягушками, крабами, червями, рыбой и насекомыми. Африканский аист-разиня часто держится вблизи бегемотов, которые, разрыхляя берег, помогают в поисках корма.
Период гнездования начинается чаще в конце сезона дождей, когда ассортимент питания оптимален, может начаться, однако, в начале или незадолго до его начала. Птицы строят свои гнёзда группами на деревьях, чаще над водой или над плавнями. Небольшое по размерам (всего 50 см в диаметре) для аистов гнездо строится из веток и камыша. Обычно в кладке от 3 до 4, минимум 2 и самое большее 5 яиц, которые высиживаются от 25 до 30 дней. У птенцов чёрное пуховое оперение и нормально сложенные клювы. Они покидают гнездо через 50—55 дней.
Африканский аист-разиня (лат. Anastomus lamelligerus) — птица из семейства аистовых. Номинативный подвид (A. l. lamelligerus) гнездится в тропической Африке к югу от Сахары и к северу от Южного тропика, подвид (A. l. madagaskarensis) в западном Мадагаскаре.
非洲钳嘴鹳（学名：Anastomus lamelligerus[2]，英语：African openbill）是鹳科钳嘴鹳属的一个现存无危物种，分布在撒哈拉以南非洲。[3]
非洲钳嘴鹳体型较大，体长80-94厘米，体重1-1.3千克。腿部细长呈黑色，眼睛为灰色。全身羽毛为黑色，胸部和背部泛绿色、棕色和紫色的光泽。幼鸟羽毛颜色更加暗淡。[4]
非洲钳嘴鹳分布于撒哈拉以南的非洲，北部从塞内加尔东部至埃塞俄比亚，南部至南非的夸祖魯-納塔爾省。[1][5]它们栖息于热带湿地，包括水田、浅海滩、河口湿地、淡水和苦咸水湖泊。[5]非洲钳嘴鹳共有2个亚种[6]：
# 中文名称 学名 命名者及年代 分布 1 非洲钳嘴鹳指名亚种 Anastomus lamelligeruslamelligerus Temminck, 1823 非洲大陆南部 2 非洲钳嘴鹳马岛亚种 Anastomus lamelligerusmadagascariensis Milne Edwards, 1880 马达加斯加非洲钳嘴鹳主要以水生蜗牛和淡菜類为食。[5]它们有时也吃陆生蜗牛、蛙、螃蟹、小鱼、蠕虫和大型昆虫。在水中，它们用触觉和视觉定位食物，并利用自己尖锐的下颌骨粉碎硬壳猎物并提取它们的肉。[4]
非洲钳嘴鹳不是典型的迁徙鸟类。它们大多居住于固定的场所。只有在干旱季节时，它们才会动身离开干旱地区。[5]
由于雨天会有较多的蜗牛，非洲钳嘴鹳通常在雨季繁殖。在此期间，异性钳嘴鹳互相靠近，进行复杂的表演，头部来回摇摆，并互相啄对方的头。巢由树枝和芦苇制作而成，宽度约为50厘米。雌鸟通常会产3-4枚蛋，孵化期约为25-30天。雏鸟在出生50-55天成熟后离巢。[4]
保全状況評価 LEAST CONCERN
分類 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata 綱 : 鳥綱 Aves 目 : コウノトリ目 Ciconiiformes 科 : コウノトリ科 Ciconiidae 属 : スキハシコウ属 Anastomus 種 : クロスキハシコウ A. lamelligerus 学名 Anastomus lamelligerus 和名 クロスキハシコウ 英名 AAfrican Openbill クロスキハシコウ（黒隙嘴鸛、学名:Anastomus lamelligerus）は、コウノトリ目コウノトリ科に分類される鳥類の一種である。別名クロスキバシコウ。
サハラ以南のアフリカ全域、マダガスカルに分布する。
全長約92cm。体全体が緑紫色の光沢のある黒色である。嘴は暗い灰褐色、脚は黒色である。
幼鳥は全身が褐色がかっていて、頭から頸にかけてが白い羽毛が混じる。
本種を含めたスキハシコウ属の種は嘴の上下に隙間があいており、和名の「スキハシコウ」の由来となっている。
河川、湖沼や、湿地などに生息する。
主に、タニシやドブガイなどの貝類を食べる。蓋と貝殻や貝殻同士の隙間に下嘴を突っ込み、中身を取り出して食べる。カエルや昆虫類などの小動物型を食べることもある。
水辺の木の上やアシ原に、小規模のコロニーを形成して繁殖する。1腹2-5個の卵を産む。
以下の2亜種に分類される。
この項目は、鳥類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（ポータル鳥類 - PJ鳥類）。 
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