Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos (Gmelin & JF 1788)

Les especies d'aves con nome común en llingua asturiana márquense como ^NOA. En casu contrariu, conséñase'l nome científicu o de la SEO.

'''Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos^[2] ye una especie d'ave paseriforme de la familia Eurylaimidae endémica del sudeste asiáticu. Ye la única especie del xéneru Cymbirhynchus.^[3]

Distribución y hábitat

Alcuéntrase nes selves húmedes tropicales d'Indochina, la península malaya, Sumatra y Borneo, distribuyíu por Camboya, Laos, Malasia, sur de Myanmar, oeste d'Indonesia, Tailandia, Vietnam, Singapur y Brunéi.

Subespecies

Reconocense les siguientes subespecies:^[4][5]

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos (Gmelin, 1788) - Sumatra, Borneo y delles islles menores axacentes;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis Blyth, 1846 - centru y oeste de Myanmar;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis Salvadori, 1874 - Tenasserim, península malaya ya Indochina.

Referencies

Enllaces esternos

• Wikimedia Commons acueye conteníu multimedia sobre Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos .

Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Aves, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies.

Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos^[1] a zo ur spesad golvaneged eus kerentiad an Eurylaimidae.
Ar spesad nemetañ an hini eo er genad Cymbirhynchus.

Doareoù pennañ

Annez hag isspesadoù

Al labous a gaver an tri isspesad anezhañ^[2] :

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis,
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos,
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis
  

er c'hoadegi trovanel hag istrovanel eus Brunei, Indonezia, Kambodja, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapour, Thailand ha Viêt Nam.

Liammoù diavaez

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos war lec'hienn an International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)..

Notennoù ha daveennoù

El becample negre i vermell^[1] (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) és un ocell de la família dels eurilaimids (Eurylaimidae) i única espècie del gènere Cymbirhynchus. Habita boscos, matolls i terres de conreu del Sud-est Asiàtic, a l'oest de Birmània, sud-oest de Tailàndia, Cambodja, sud de Vietnam, Malaia, Sumatra, i Borneo.

Referències

A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Becample negre i vermell

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Llydanbig coch a du (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: llydanbigau coch a du) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Black and red broadbill. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Llydanbigau (Lladin: Eurylaimidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.^[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn C. macrorhynchus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.^[2]

Teulu

Mae'r llydanbig coch a du yn perthyn i deulu'r Llydanbigau (Lladin: Eurylaimidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Llydanbig Affrica Smithornis capensis Llydanbig arianfron Serilophus lunatus Llydanbig bochlwyd Smithornis sharpei Llydanbig coch a du Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos Llydanbig cynffonhir Psarisomus dalhousiae Llydanbig gwyrdd Calyptomena viridis Llydanbig hardd Calyptomena hosii Llydanbig melyn a du Eurylaimus ochromalus Llydanbig rhesog Eurylaimus javanicus Llydanbig tywyll Corydon sumatranus Llydanbig Whitehead Calyptomena whiteheadi Llydanbig y mynydd Pseudocalyptomena graueri Llydanbig ystlyswinau Smithornis rufolateralis

Gweler hefyd

• Rhestr Goch yr IUCN

Cyfeiriadau

The black-and-red broadbill (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) is a species of bird in the typical broadbill family, Eurylaimidae. It is the only species in the genus Cymbirhynchus. A large, distinctive bird, it has maroon underparts, black upperparts, a maroon neck-band, and white bars on the wings. It also has a large, two-colored, blue-and-yellow bill. The species shows slight sexual dimorphism, with females being smaller than males. No other bird in its range resembles it, though the black-and-yellow broadbill has a similar call.

The species is found in Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Inhabiting lowland riparian forest throughout its range, it can also adapt quite well to disturbed habitat, such as secondary forest growth and degraded habitat near rivers. The black-and-red broadbill is mainly insectivorous, supplementing its diet with aquatic creatures such as mollusks, snails, fish, and crustaceans. It also takes leaves and seeds incidentally.

Breeding takes place during the dry season throughout its range, with the nest being a large, conspicuous structure that usually hangs over water. Nests are built by both sexes, out of creepers, fungal hyphae, moss, and other plant matter. Eggs are laid in clutches of two or three, occasionally with a fourth runt egg, and incubated by both parents. The black-and-red broadbill is evaluated as a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to its large range and the lack of a severe decrease in its global population. However, the species has experienced declines in several parts of its range, and may face threats due to deforestation, trapping for the songbird trade, and hunting.

Taxonomy and systematics

The German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin described the species as Todus macrorhynchos in 1788,^[2] based on a Bornean specimen that was originally described as a "great-billed tody" by the English naturalist John Latham in 1782.^[3] Later, in 1790, the species was named Todus nasutus by Latham, as he had not provided scientific names in his first description.^[4] However, priority is afforded to Gmelin's name. The genus Cymbirhynchus was erected for this species in 1830 by Nicolas Vigors and Thomas Horsfield.^[5]

The generic name is from the Greek κύμβη (kymbē), which could mean either "small boat", "head" or "an unknown bird", and ῥύγχος (rhynkhos), meaning bill. The specific name macrorhynchos comes from the Greek μακρόρρυγχος (makrorrhynkhos), meaning long-billed.^[6] "Black-and-red broadbill" has been designated the official common name by the International Ornithologists' Union.^[7] Other names include black and red broadbill, black-red broadbill, black and white broadbill,^[8] and (in the Kelantan province) burong tĕrajan.^[9]

The black-and-red broadbill is the only species in the genus Cymbirhynchus, in the typical broadbill family Eurylaimidae, a family of nine tropical species native to Southeast Asia.^[10] Based on a 2017 study by the Brazilian researcher Alexandre Selvatti and colleagues, its closest relative is the silver-breasted broadbill. These two species are most closely related to the Eurylaimus broadbills, and all three genera form a sister clade to the genus Sarcophanops. This clade is sister to one formed by the long-tailed broadbill and dusky broadbill. Both of these clades are sister to the Grauer's broadbill. The following cladogram shows phylogenetic relationships among the Eurylaimidae, based on the above study:^[11]

Eurylaimidae

Grauer's broadbill (Pseudocalyptomena graueri)

Long-tailed broadbill (Psarisomus dalhousiae)

Dusky broadbill (Corydon sumatranus)

Wattled broadbill (Sarcophanops steerii)

Silver-breasted broadbill (Serilophus lunatus)

Black-and-red broadbill (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos)

Banded broadbill (Eurylaimus javanicus)

Black-and-yellow broadbill (Eurylaimus ochromalus)

Subspecies

There are four recognized subspecies.^[7] The geographical limits of subspecies are not clearly defined, but the species displays clinal variation in appearance, as the size of birds increases and the white on the tail decreases from north to south through its range. Subspecies affinis is occasionally recognized as a separate species.^[12]

• C. m. macrorhynchos (J. F. Gmelin, 1788): The nominate, it is found on Borneo, Sumatra, and some offshore islands. Sumatran populations are sometimes separated as C. m. lemniscatus. Populations from south Sumatra are also occasionally treated as a distinct subspecies tenebrosus.^[12]
• C. m. affinis Blyth, 1846: Also known as the Irrawaddy broadbill, it is found in southern Myanmar. It is smaller than the nominate, with paler red underparts and rump, a small white flash on the wing, crimson spots on the wing, and broader white tips on the tail. It is occasionally treated as a distinct species on the basis of its smaller size and differences in plumage.^[12]
• C. m. malaccensis Salvadori, 1874: Found in the Malay peninsula. It was also formerly found in Singapore. It is slightly smaller than the nominate and has slightly paler red plumage.^[12]
• C. m. siamensis Meyer de Schauensee and Ripley, 1940: Found from southern Myanmar to northern peninsular Malaysia and southern Thailand, also extending into Cambodia, southern Laos, and southern Vietnam. It is very similar in appearance to malaccensis, but is smaller and has shorter wings, along with a higher proportion of white-tipped tail feathers.^[12]

Description

A large broadbill, the black-and-red broadbill has distinctive plumage and is unlikely to be mistaken for any other species within its range. The average adult is around 21–24 cm (8.3–9.4 in) in length, with wing lengths of 9.7–10.8 cm (3.8–4.3 in) and weighs 51–65 g (1.8–2.3 oz). Both sexes are similar in appearance, but the species shows slight sexual dimorphism, with the females being smaller in size. Adults have black heads and breastbands, greenish-black upperparts, with a maroon half-collar and bright maroon rumps and uppertail coverts (flight feathers on the tail and wing). The scapulars (feathers on the outside of the shoulder bone) have pure white edges, forming a white line on the closed wing. The bend of the wing has a narrow orange line. The tail is black, with variable amounts of white. The bill is dichromatic, with a bright turquoise-blue maxilla, and a yellow-orange mandible with a blue tip and edges. The irises are bright emerald green. The feet are bright blue, and sometimes tinged violet.^[12][13]

Immature birds are similar to adults, but have browner upperwings, and have white spots at the tips of the median coverts (second row of coverts on the wing), along with purple irises. Juveniles have much duller plumages, with sooty brown upper parts, maroon patches on the rump and uppertail coverts, brown underparts and wings, and white patches on the outer webs of the scapulars. They also have blackish to brownish-blue bills and bronze irises. Their feet are dull blue-grey.^[12][13]

The brilliant red plumage of the species is caused by the biological pigment 2,3-didehydro-papilioerythrinone, which is also present in birds with red plumage in the genera Sarcophanops and Eurylaimus.^[14]

One of the most striking features of the black-and-red broadbill is its large, boat-like bill. It is thought that the wide bill and gape first evolved in the common ancestor of all broadbills, as an adaptation to an insectivorous diet.^[15] Its tongue is also large and fleshy to help manipulate objects inside its beak.^[16]

Vocalizations

The black-and-red broadbill is much less vocal than other species of typical broadbills, often remaining silent, and with quieter calls than most other broadbills. They also make ascending 'weeet' sounds, similar to those of the black-and-yellow broadbill, but shorter, slower, softer, and quieter. Its advertising call may be a rising cicada-like trill. The alarm call is a series of rapid 'pip' notes. A repeated soft 'wiark' has been reported as a contact call between a pair building a nest. Other calls include a monotonous and repetitive 'tyook', a hoarse 'ka-ka-kraar-kraar', a sharp 'peek-peek-peek', churring calls, melodious whistles, a hoarse twanging 'cow', and puma-like snarls. The most frequently heard call in Laos was a series of accelerating 'parnk' notes, similar to the noise made by the wingbeats of a wreathed hornbill.^[12][13][17]

Distribution and habitat

The black-and-red broadbill is found in Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. In peninsular Thailand, it has vanished locally from some areas. It was also common in Singapore until the 1940s, after which it was not recorded until 2004,^[12] and then 2020.^[18] It mainly inhabits riparian forest edges up to altitudes of 300 m (980 ft) throughout its range, although it can sometimes be found up to altitudes of 900 m (3,000 ft) m. In areas further downstream, it inhabits screw-palm swamps near the edges of mangroves. In areas affected by heavy land-conversion, it inhabits rubber plantations and coconut groves or orchards that have water channels. It has also been observed in peat swamp forest, but rarely enters closed-canopy forest.^[13] It can adapt quite well to disturbed habitat, surviving in secondary forest that has some tall trees remaining, as well as secondary vegetation with clumps of forest in pastureland. It also inhabits seriously degraded habitats along rivers.^[12]

Behavior and ecology

The black-and-red broadbill is mainly found singly, in pairs, or in family parties. The species has been known to roost in small groups.^[12] There are occasional records of multiple adults vocalizing together, which are thought to be territorial encounters.^[13] The species has a generation length of three years.^[1]

Breeding

Throughout its range, nesting usually occurs in the driest months of the year: from January to August in Malaysia, from late February to June in Myanmar, in May and June in Thailand, December to August in Borneo, and March to June in Sumatra. Occupied nests have also been reported in June in Vietnam and in May in Laos, both near the end of the local dry seasons. Nests are conspicuous and usually overhang water, especially fast-moving water. They are mostly built over forest pools, rivers, and streams, and less commonly over coastal slacks, tidal mangroves, and man-made drainage ditches. Nests are occasionally built far from water, or over roads and paths.^[13] It is possible that this may be related to the feeding requirements of the species, as the necessary food to feed mates or young may only be available near water.^[19]

Nests are built by both sexes, usually taking around 11 days to build, but sometimes taking up to 49 days. In some cases, 1–2 assistants also help construct the nest. The nests are smaller than those of other broadbills, being 25–46 cm (9.8–18.1 in) tall (excluding the hanging tail), 14.7–31.0 cm (5.8–12.2 in) wide, and weighing 59.7–181.9 g (2.11–6.42 oz). The entrance is 3.8–6.5 cm (1.5–2.6 in) in diameter, while the inner chamber is 9.5–13.0 cm (3.7–5.1 in) tall and 6–9 cm (2.4–3.5 in) in diameter. They are ragged, bag-shaped or pear-shaped structures, made out of tightly woven grasses, vines, sticks, bark, leaves, creepers, rootlets, vegetable fibers, pieces of moss, and fungal hyphae. The inside of the base is usually lined with soft material such as green leaves. The side entrance has a roof made of grass or fibers. Nests are usually fixed to thin, flexible, and spiked branches or shoots, from Senegalia pennata and Bambusa species.^[20]

The black-and-red broadbill lays eggs in clutches of 2–3 (occasionally with a fourth runt egg), with the eggs being 25.0 mm–29.3 mm × 18.2 mm–20.7 mm (0.98 in–1.15 in × 0.72 in–0.81 in) in size. The eggs are whitish to pinkish in color and are present in three morphs, with most having dense reddish-brown splotches all over the surface, concentrated at the large end, while some have only sparse brick-red splotching.^[17] Some eggs have been reported with sparse black spots. Eggs are laid at intervals of 24 hours, and both sexes incubate the eggs.^[13] Incubation takes 21 days, after which altricial young hatch. The young are cared for by both parents for around 17 days. Threats to young include forest fires, predators, and human disturbance.^[21]

Diet

Chiefly insectivorous, the black-and-red broadbill feeds on a variety of insects such as ants, beetles, crickets, grasshoppers, caterpillars, and hemipteran bugs. It also feeds on a variety of riverine creatures, such as mollusks, snails, crustaceans, and small fish.^[17] It has been documented to eat seeds and leaves, although these may also have been taken incidentally. Foraging is done by seizing prey from the ground and the water's edge. It has also been observed catching flying moths from above streams.^[13]

Parasites and predators

In Vietnam, a 2014 study of 157 black-and-red broadbills found that all the examined individuals were parasitized by the chewing louse Myrsidea claytoni. The number of parasites ranged from 5–80, with 27 on average. This was a case of host-switching, as all the other natural hosts of M. claytoni in Vietnam are bulbuls.^[22] They have also been observed being parasitized by a species of louse in the genus Brueelia in Cat Tien.^[23] Its nests are parasitized by the oribatid mites Dimidiogalumna grandjeani and Yoshiobodes hexasetosus, and the prostigmatic mite Neocunaxoides tropicus in Vietnam.^[24][25][26] In Thailand, the subspecies malaccensis and siamensis are parasitized by the chewing louse Guimaraesiella cyanophoba.^[27] Potential predators of the black-and-red broadbill include raptors, civets, monkeys, snakes, and monitor lizards.^[19]

Status

Although the black-and-red broadbill's population has not been determined and is thought to be decreasing, it is not considered to be threatened due to its large range and is consequently listed as least-concern on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.^[1] The Irrawaddy broadbill, considered a separate species by the IUCN, is also listed as being of least-concern despite a decreasing population.^[28] The species occurs in many protected areas throughout its range, where its populations are relatively secure. However, it has experienced considerable declines in some parts of its range, such as Thailand, due to deforestation, although it is still locally common where suitable habitat exists. The broadbill is common in the lowlands on Borneo, but is rare at higher elevations and in forest. On Sumatra, it was previously reported as being the most prevalent broadbill, but is now very rare despite a large distribution. It is generally hard to find in Indochina, but is locally abundant in suitable habitat. It is also common where suitable habitat exists in Myanmar, although there is a lack of recent records corroborating this. Other threats to the species include trapping for the songbird trade and hunting.^[12]

References

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black-and-red_broadbill&oldid=1138052746"

El eurilaimo rojinegro (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos)^[2]​ es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Eurylaimidae endémica del sudeste asiático. Es la única especie del género Cymbirhynchus.^[3]​

Distribución y hábitat

Se encuentra en las selvas húmedas tropicales de Indochina, la península malaya, Sumatra y Borneo, distribuido por Camboya, Laos, Malasia, sur de Birmania, oeste de Indonesia, Tailandia, Vietnam, Singapur y Brunéi.

Subespecies

Se reconocen las siguientes subespecies:^[4]​^[5]​

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos (Gmelin, 1788) - Sumatra, Borneo y algunas islas menores adyacentes;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis Blyth, 1846 - centro y oeste de Birmania;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis Salvadori, 1874 - Tenasserim, península malaya e Indochina.

Referencias

Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos Cymbirhynchus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Eurylaimidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

Kanpo estekak

• World Bird Names

Ikus, gainera

• Cymbirhynchus
• Eurylaimidae

Tarhaharlekiini (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos)^[2] on harlekiinien heimoon kuuluva varpuslintu.

Levinneisyys

Tarhaharlekiinia tavataan laajalla alueella Kaakkois-Aasiassa. Sitä on kuvattu harvinaisesta paikallisesti yleiseksi. Sen kannankehitys on laskeva, mutta laji on luokiteltu elinvoimaiseksi, koska sen ei uskota vielä olevan vaarassa.^[1]

Lähteet

Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos

L'Eurylaime rouge et noir (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) est une espèce d'oiseau appartenant à la famille des Eurylaimidae. C'est la seule espèce du genre Cymbirhynchus.

Description

L'eurylaime rouge et noir mesure jusqu'à 25 cm de long de la tête à la queue^[1].

Il a le dos et la tête noirs, les ailes noires et blanches et la queue rouge, noire et blanche. Son bec est bleu, jaune à la base.

Alimentation

Cet eurylaime mange essentiellement des insectes et parfois quelques invertébrés.

Reproduction

Cet oiseau construit un nid en forme de sac accroché à l'extrémité d'une branche. La femelle y dépose 2 à 3 œufs qu'elle couve.

Répartition

C'est un oiseau que l'on trouve dans toute l'Asie du Sud-Est.

Habitat

Il vit dans les forêts tropicales et les mangroves. Il aime être au bord de l'eau

Sous-espèces

D'après Alan P. Peterson, il existe trois sous-espèces :

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis Blyth, 1846 ; Sumatra, Borneo et les îles adjacentes ;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos (Gmelin, 1788) ; centre et ouest de la Birmanie ;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis Salvadori, 1874 ; Tenasserim, Birmanie, Thaïlande, Laos, Cambodge, Vietnam et Malaisie.

Notes et références

O Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos é unha especie de paxaro da familia dos bocarras. É unha taxon monotípico dentro do xénero Cymbirhynchus.^[2]

Atópase en Brunei, Camboxa, Indonesia, Laos, Malaisia, Myanmar, Singapur, Tailandia e Vietnam.

O seu hábitats son as terras baixas subtropicais ou tropicais e os mangleirais.

Notas

Il beccolargo rossonero (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos (Gmelin, 1788)) è un uccello passeriforme della famiglia degli Eurilaimidi^[2]. Si tratta dell'unica specie ascritta al genere Cymbirhynchus Vigors, 1830.

Etimologia

Il nome scientifico del genere, Cymbirhynchus, deriva dall'unione delle parole greche κύμβος (kumbos/kymbos), "coppa", e ρύγχος (rygcos/rynchos), "becco": il nome scientifico della specie, invece, deriva anch'esso dall'unione delle parole greche μακρόν (makron), "grande", e della sopracitata ρύγχος. Il nome scientifico del beccolargo rossonero, quindi, significa "becco a coppa dal becco grande", parzialmente riflesso nel nome comune di questo uccello, che si riferisce anche alla sua livrea.

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Misura in genere fra i 20 e i 25 centimetri di lunghezza, compresa la coda, per un peso compreso fra i 50 e i 75 grammi^[3].

Aspetto

Si tratta di uccelli vagamente simili a tucanetti, dall'aspetto robusto, con una coda piuttosto lunga ed un forte becco leggermente ricurvo all'ingiù.
La livrea è nera con riflessi metallici violacei su tutto il corpo, mentre la parte inferiore del petto, il ventre, i fianchi, il codione, la gola e la zona periauricolare sono di color rosso vinaccia: le copritrici secondarie delle ali e le penne inferiori della coda sono bianche e di forma lanceolata. Il becco è giallo con sfumature azzurre più evidenti nella parte superiore e prossimale, gli occhi sono verde-azzurri, le zampe sono grigio-nerastre.

Biologia

Questi animali tendono a vivere in coppie o in piccoli gruppi, muovendosi fra la folta vegetazione arborea alla ricerca di cibo e tenendosi in contatto mediante richiami vocali.

Alimentazione

La dieta del beccolargo rossonero è costituita in massima parte d'insetti e altri piccoli invertebrati: essa può essere inoltre integrata da questi uccelli con frutta e bacche, mentre è raro che essi mangino semi o granaglie.

Riproduzione

La stagione riproduttiva coincide con l'inizio della stagione secca. Il nido è piriforme e pendente e viene costruito su rami di alberi nei pressi di corsi d'acqua: al suo interno la femmina depone 2-3 uova, che provvede a covare da sola o a volte con la collaborazione del maschio^[3]. Mancano però dati sulla durata della cova e delle cure parentali.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questi uccelli sono diffusi nel Sud-est asiatico, dalla Birmania centrale all'Indocina e a sud fino alla penisola malese, con una popolazione distribuita anche in Borneo nord-occidentale. Il loro habitat è rappresentato dalla foresta pluviale di pianura e dai mangrovieti.

Tassonomia

Se ne riconoscono tre sottospecie^[2]:

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos, la sottospecie nominale, diffusa a Sumatra, in Borneo e in alcune isole minori vicine;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis Blyth, 1846, diffusa in Birmania;
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis Salvadori, 1874, diffusa in Tenasserim, penisola malese e Indocina;

Le sottospecie differiscono fra loro principalmente in base a fattori morfologici, come la taglia, l'estensione e l'intensità della colorazione del piumaggio e del becco.

Note

}}

Burung Takau Rakit adalah salah satu daripada haiwan yang boleh didapati di Malaysia. Nama sainsnya ialah Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchus (Black and Red Broadbill) dalam susunan Passeriformers, Keluarga Eurylaimidae. Ia merupakan salah satu daripada spesies yang digambarkan oleh William Farquhar yang terdapat di Tanah Melayu. ^[1]

Ciri-ciri

Burung Takau Rakit ialah haiwan yang tergolong dalam golongan benda hidup, alam : haiwan, filum : kordata, sub-filum : bertulang belakang (vertebrata), kelas : burung. Burung Takau Rakit adalah haiwan berdarah panas, mempunyai sayap dan tubuh yang diselubungi bulu pelepah. Paruh Burung Takau Rakit tidak bergigi.

Makanan

Makanan utamanya adalah serangga kecil.

Pembiakan

Burung Takau Rakit membiak dengan bertelur. Telur Burung Takau Rakit bercengkerang keras.

Habitat

• Stem Malaysia Burung Takau Rakit (1988)

Rujukan

Pautan luar

• Carian Google.

Senarai burung A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

Vogels

De zwart-rode hapvogel (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) is een zangvogel uit de familie Eurylaimidae (breedbekken en hapvogels).

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort komt voor in Zuidoost-Azië, Sumatra en Borneo en telt 3 ondersoorten:

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis: westelijk en centraal Myanmar.
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis: van zuidoostelijk Myanmar tot Maleisië en zuidelijk Vietnam.
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos: Sumatra, Borneo en de nabijgelegen eilanden.

Externe link

• Avibase

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties

Hvitskulderbrednebb (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) er en art i brednebbfamilien. Arten er den eneste i sin slekt.

Utbredelse

Den forekommer i Brunei, Indonesia, Kambodsja, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand og Vietnam.

Underarter

Det er beskrevet fire underarter av hvitskulderbrednebb^[2]:

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis (Blyth, 1846) – forekommer i det sørvestlige Myanmar.
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos siamensis (Meyer de Schauensee & Ripley, 1940) – forekommer i det sørlige Myanmar, det sørvestlige og sørlige Thailand, Kambodsja, det sørlige Laos og det sørlige Vietnam.
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis (Salvadori, 1874) – forekommer i det sørlige Thailand, Malaysia og Singapore.
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos (J. F. Gmelin, 1788) – forekommer på Sumatra og på Borneo.
• Norske navn på verdens fugler. Hentet ut 28. september 2013.

Referanser

Eksterne lenker

• (en) Hvitskulderbrednebb i Encyclopedia of Life
• (en) Hvitskulderbrednebb i Global Biodiversity Information Facility
• (en) Hvitskulderbrednebb hos NCBI
• (en) Hvitskulderbrednebb hos ITIS
• (en) Kategori:Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos – bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos – detaljert informasjon på Wikispecies
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos (ID 2F81A394BE6ECFFD). Avibase. Hentet ut 28. september 2013.
• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos (TSN 559651). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Hentet ut 28. september 2013.
• Birdlife Species Factsheet: Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos. Hentet ut 28. september 2013.
• IBC - The Internet Bird Collection: Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos. Hentet ut 28. september 2013.
• Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson. 2013. The Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.8.. Hentet ut 28. september 2013.

Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Szerokodziób białoskrzydły, szerokodziób wielkodzioby^[4] – gatunek ptaka z rodziny szerokodziobów (Eurylaimidae). W rodzinie szerokodziobów jest jedynym przedstawicielem wyróżnionego rodzaju Cymbirhynchus. Występuje w nizinnych lasach tropikalnych i mangrowych Azji Południowo-Wschodniej, szczególnie liczny w Malezji^[4].

Jest to jaskrawo ubarwiony ptak o przeważająco czarnym wierzchu, karminowo-czerwonym spodzie oraz niebieskawym dziobie i oczach. Charakterystyczna jest biała warstwa piór na skrzydłach, której zawdzięcza polską nazwę^[5]. Buduje zwarte i zamknięte od góry gniazda w formie odwróconej butelki. Zazwyczaj umieszcza je wysoko w gęstwinie porastającej rzeki, choć spotyka się również gniazda nad drogami, na liniach telefonicznych i elektrycznych^[4]. Żywi się głównie owadami, które często chwyta w locie. W diecie obecne są także owoce i nasiona.

Przypisy

Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos é uma espécie de ave da família Eurylaimidae. É a única espécie do género Cymbirhynchus.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Brunei, Camboja, Indonésia, Laos, Malásia, Myanmar, Singapura, Tailândia e Vietname.^[1]

Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de baixa altitude e florestas de mangal tropicais ou subtropicais.^[1]

Referências

Svartröd brednäbb^[2] (Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) är en fågel i familjen brednäbbar inom ordningen tättingar.^[3]

Utbredning och systematik

Svartröd brednäbb placeras vanligen som ensam art i släktet Cymbirhynchus. Den delas in i fyra underarter med följande utbredning:^[4]

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos affinis – förekommer i sydvästra Burma
• macrorhynchos-gruppen
  • Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos siamensis – förekommer i södra Burma, södra Thailand, Kambodja, södra Laos och Sydvietnam
  • Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis – förekommer i allra sydligaste Thailand och på Malackahalvön
  • Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos – förekommer på Sumatra, Borneo, Bangka, Belitung och Palau Laut

Sedan 2016 urskiljer Birdlife International och naturvårdsunionen IUCN affinis som den egna arten "irrawaddybrednäbb".

Familjetillhörighet

Vissa delar upp familjen brednäbbar i två, Eurylaimidae och Calyptomenidae, efter DNA-studier som visar att dessa två troligen inte är varandras närmaste släktingar.^[4] Vid en sådan uppdelning placeras arten i Eurylaimidae i begränsad mening.

Status

IUCN bedömer hotstatus hos underartsgrupperna (eller arterna) var för sig, båda som livskraftiga.^[1]

• 

Referenser

1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2016 Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos Från: IUCN 2016. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016.3 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-12-11.
2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2017) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter, läst 2017-02-14
3. ^ Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2017. IOC World Bird List (v 7.3). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.7.3.
4. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2017) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2017 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2017-08-11

Externa länkar

• Wikimedia Commons har media som rör svartröd brednäbb.
  Bilder & media
• Wikispecies har information om Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos.
  Artförteckning

Mỏ rộng đỏ hay Mỏ rộng đen đỏ (tên khoa học Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos) là một loài chim trong họ Eurylaimidae.^[2]

Mỏ rộng đỏ sinh sống ở Đông Nam Á.

Chú thích

Tham khảo

• Dữ liệu liên quan tới Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos tại Wikispecies

Царство: Животные

Подцарство: Эуметазои

Без ранга: Двусторонне-симметричные

Без ранга: Вторичноротые

Тип: Хордовые

Подтип: Позвоночные

Инфратип: Челюстноротые

Надкласс: Четвероногие

Класс: Птицы

Подкласс: Настоящие птицы

Инфракласс: Новонёбные

Отряд: Воробьинообразные

Подотряд: Кричащие воробьиные

Инфраотряд: Рогоклювы

Семейство: Рогоклювые

Род: Cymbirhynchus Vigors, 1830

Вид: Краснобрюхий рогоклюв

Вызывающие наименьшие опасения
IUCN 3.1 Least Concern: 103656920

• 1 Этимология
• 2 Описание
• 3 Распространение и места обитания
• 4 Систематика
• 5 Биология
  • 5.1 Питание
  • 5.2 Размножение
• 6 Примечания

Источник — https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Краснобрюхий_рогоклюв&oldid=79758731

二名法 Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos
（Gmelin, 1788）

黑红阔嘴鸟（学名：Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos），是阔嘴鸟科黑红阔嘴鸟属的一种，分布于文莱、缅甸、老挝、越南、泰国、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、新加坡和柬埔寨。全球活动范围约为1,730,000平方千米。该物种的保护状况被评为无危。

黑红阔嘴鸟的平均体重约为68.0克。栖息地包括牧草地、亚热带或热带的湿润低地林、种植园、亚热带或热带的沼泽林、河流、溪流、亚热带或热带严重退化的前森林、亚热带或热带的红树林和乡村花园。

参考文献

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：黑红阔嘴鸟

• Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos. BirdLife.org. [2011-06-27].

^ Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017.3. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2016 [1 October 2016]. 数据库資料包含說明此物種被編入無危級別的原因

取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=黑红阔嘴鸟&oldid=47960585”