Turquoise-browed motmots are generally quiet, with exception to the mating season. During this time, using a loud, deep, and gruff voice the adults regularly give a drawn-out cawaalk, or a cawak cawak, in succession. In dismay they may give off low throaty sounds. The adults have also been heard giving off a wha wha sound, while the other adult feeds the young. Nestlings make a weak, hoarse peeping sound in response to their parents and when disturbed. As they grow older it turns into a more throaty noise that mimics that of their parents.
The nestlings will make a cheep sound when begging for food, which will last until they are 12 to 15 days old. Another begging call is snore, this replaces the cheep, it is also used during aggressive interactions with nest mates and they use it until after they are fledged. Once the birds are at least 22 days old they began to call K’wa-rr, which is louder than the other calls and not used while begging. This is thought to be an immature version of the fledgling call k’wahoo.
There have been 5 distinct post-fledgling vocalizations recorded. Chirr is a contact note, and may serve as a locator to the parents. A loud K’wahoo is given by chicks 30 to 45 days old when hungry. It could also function as a location call to parents. Kawukawuk is a loud call given commonly in the early morning and late evening, and intermittently throughout the day, that occurred at 40 days old. Once started, the other birds would join in calling it, indicating that it may be an alarm signal. Honk is a common mild alarm note indicating when there is a disturbance near the nest. It begins at around 38 days and continues into adulthood. Wuk, tok, and tok-ta-wuk were given as a strong alarm.
During aggressive interactions it is common for turquoise-browed motmots to flatten down their crown feathers and spread and display their turquoise brow feathers, in extreme circumstances the brow feathers may reach across the top of their head. Turquoise-browed motmots also utilize a tail-wagging maneuver in the presence of predators that likely aims to intimidate and scare away the intruder.
Visual communication is likely an important aspect of sexual selection for turquoise-browed motmots. It is hypothesized that tail feather length in males corresponds to fitness and influences mate selection by females.
Like all birds, turquoise-browed motmots perceive their environment through visual, auditory, tactile and chemical stimuli.
Communication Channels: visual ; acoustic
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
According to the IUCN turquoise-browed motmots are of least concern due to their extensive geographic range and stable population size. They are fairly common and not considered threatened.
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Turquoise-browed motmots have no known negative effects on humans.
The unique tail feathers and coloration of this species have intrigued many, and are sought out by birders, naturalists, photographers, cinematographers, and other visitors, providing eco-tourism revenue. Turquoise-browed motmots are the national bird of El Salvador and Nicaragua.
Positive Impacts: ecotourism
Turquoise-browed motmots are secondary and tertiary consumers, omnivorous and fairly common, therefore they may help control insect species. They aid in seed dispersion of the rose woodson (Stemmadenia donnell-smithii), holywood (Guaiacum sanctum), and other fruit bearing trees in their diet. They provide sustenance to the white-nose coati (Nasua narica), gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), and a variety of birds of prey. After the motmots are through using their burrows, rough-winged swallows (Stelgidopteryx serripennis) may build their nests in them.
Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds
Mutualist Species:
Turquoise-browed motmots have a broad diet, consuming an assortment of insects including caterpillars, butterflies, and beetles along with worms, spiders, and lizards. Their curved bill, along with their keen sense of sight allows them to plunge down and snatch their prey abruptly, either from the vegetation or out of mid air. Along the outer third of their beak both mandibles are equipped with finely serrated edges, giving them a better grip on their prey. They stay perched motionlessly on tree branches until they see a prey item, then they strike. Without landing, they swiftly catch their prey then take it directly back to their original perching site or burrow, where it is knocked senseless before it is consumed. When feeding their young lizards, the adults will often peck off the head in order for the soft innards to be pushed through the neck.
Animal Foods: reptiles; insects; terrestrial worms
Plant Foods: seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit
Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )
Turquoise-browed motmots (Eumomota superciliosa) are commonly distributed throughout Central America from southern Mexico in the north, to northwest Costa Rica in the south. Along the Caribbean they are most prevalent in the Yucatan Peninsula and the mountain-rimmed valleys of northwest Guatemala and Honduras. Near the Pacific they frequent the Gulf of Nicoya in Costa Rica.
Biogeographic Regions: neotropical (Native )
Feral cats and dogs, white-nose coati (Nasua narica), gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteu), coatimundis (Nasua narica), snakes, and birds of prey are predators of turquoise-browed motmots.
Known Predators:
Turquoise-browed motmots are monomorphic birds that have an average mass of 66.5 g, and are approximately 34 cm long. Males are slightly larger than females. They consist of mixture of green and red earth tones with turquoise accents. Starting with its distinctive broad turquoise band above each eye, they have a back bill and extending from its base a black line that surrounds the eye and progresses to the ear. Underneath this black band from the bill to the eye is a very thin strip of turquoise. Behind the eye lays a triangular patch of chestnut. On the throat is a short black bib, fringed with turquoise. The body is a blend of olive-green, with chestnut on the back and belly. Their wings are comprised of olive-green coverts, turquoise remiges, and a black band along the tips. They have a wingspan of 122 mm. The two central tail feathers makeup much of the motmots overall length. The shape of the two central feathers is unique in that the middle portion of barbs is missing, leaving a small disc-shape at the end. The feathers initially grow intact, but the middle barbs are weakly attached to the shaft. These barbs easily fall off during regular preening or daily activity. Both male and female motmots feature these distinctive tail feathers, however males' tails are longer. Turquoise-browed motmots are identified from other species of motmot in the area by the longer length of vaneless shaft on their tail. The young take around twenty-five days to reach coloration like the adults.
Average mass: 66.5 g.
Average length: 34 cm.
Average wingspan: 122 mm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: male larger
Currently no information is known regarding the lifespans of turquoise-browed motmots.
Turquoise-browed motmots occupy the open semi-arid lowland regions of forest, scrub forest and grazing pasture land of their range. In the arid semi-desert section of the Motagua Valley in Guatemala they are exceedingly abundant, being one of the most numerous species of bird in the region. Turquoise-browed motmots are also present in the tropical regions, but less plentifully, where they inhabit the secondary-growth and less dense forests along with cleared areas. They are not common in the dense rainforest. Depending on their locality, they prefer to nest in the walls of terraces, crevices and caverns of porous rock, and along the sandy banks near rivers, where they dig long burrows. Their burrows range from 100 to 160 cm in length, but the longest was found to be 244 cm long.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland ; forest ; scrub forest
Although turquoise-browed motmots are monomorphic, males' tail length aids in sexual selection. Males with longer tails have greater pairing and reproductive success. Adults show fidelity to one another during the breeding season and may pair off exclusively for a few years at a time, in which they will nest in the same area and possibly the same burrow.
Mating System: monogamous
Turquoise-browed motmots' mating season begins in March. By late March, burrows are being made and eggs may be laid from April to May. Mating pairs will dig their burrows close together except when space is ample, then they prefer to be further apart from others.
Both the male and female take part in excavating their burrow. Depending on the site, they commence digging in the exposed edge horizontally, and with their feet they excavate their burrow. The entrance has been recorded to be 9 cm in width by 7.5 to 10 cm in height, and over the course of several days the burrow can grow to become 100 to 160 cm in length and will be slightly curved to one side. On the inside end the burrow widens into a chamber. The longest a burrow has been recorded at is 244 cm. The incubation period is around 17 days.
They make a bed beneath the eggs by regurgitating the indigestible fragments of their past meals on to the floor of their burrows. Turquoise-browed motmots can raise two broods in a single season, usually with 3 to 4 eggs in each and rarely 5. Their eggs are white and range from 7.5 to 8.5 g.
Breeding interval: Turquoise-browed motmots can raise up to 2 broods per season.
Breeding season: Breeding season is from March to May.
Range eggs per season: 5 (high) .
Average eggs per season: 3 to 4.
Average fledging age: 28 days.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; oviparous
Both male and female turquoise-browed motmots build the nest. The adults share in incubating and care taking of the eggs and young. To switch incubators, one individual calls out in a low voice while perched upon the burrows entrance, signaling to their mate that they will take over. The incubation period is around three weeks. From the first shell pip, it can take 1 to 3 days for the motmots to break through their shells. Upon hatching, birds are blind with pink skin and featherless. The nestlings remain in the burrow until they learn how to fly decently, which is takes from 25 days to 1 month. When they sense a disturbance by their burrow the adults approach with caution, never going directly in. They will first scan the area from a perch, then after ensuring it is safe they will return.
Parental Investment: altricial ; male parental care ; female parental care ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Male, Female, Protecting: Male, Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Male, Female, Protecting: Male, Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Male, Female, Protecting: Male, Female)
Los pichones son altriciales y no abandonan la cuerva, sino hasta cerca de las 4 semanas después de nacer, generalmente alrededor de julio y siguen dependientes de sus padres, por lo menos otras 4 semanas más.
Distribucion General: Se distribuye desde el sureste de México hasta Costa Rica.
Cuando están alarmados columpian su cola como péndulo de un lado a otro, patrón de comportamiento típico de muchos momotos. Su patrón de vuelo es ondulado.
El momoto cejiazul[1] (Eumomota superciliosa) ye una especie d'ave coraciforme de la familia Momotidae. Habita en Centroamérica dende la península de Yucatán hasta Costa Rica. Ye común y nun se considera amenazáu d'estinción.
Esta ave de singular guapura y policromu plumaxe ye ave nacional de los países d'El Salvador y Nicaragua; n'El Salvador ye conocíu como torogoz y en Nicaragua como guardabarranco. N'El Salvador foi nomada ave nacional en 1999[2] y en Nicaragua en 2012.[3][4]
Esta ye un ave relativamente pequeña, del tamañu d'un puñu d'una persona adulta, en promediu mide 34 cm de llargu y pesa unos 65 gramos. Tien el cuerpu mayoritariamente verde col llombu y el banduyu acoloratáu y amás presenta diverses tonalidaes de verde, celeste tornasol, blancu, mariellu, anaranxáu y negru.
Tien una raya azul pálidu sobre'l güeyu, asemeyando un antifaz y nel gargüelu una marca vertical negra con un marxe azul. Les plumes de vuelu y la superficie cimera de la cola tamién son azules.
Una traza bien llamativa y característicu ye que del so cola sobresalen dos llargues plumes col raquis desnudu y llargu y pluma ancha a la fin, asemeyando dos raquetes grandes, como les de munchos otros momotos, pero los astiles son más llargos. Munches vegaes, sobremanera cuando tán sollertaos, mueve la so cola como un pendilexu d'un llau a otru, d'ellí'l so llamatu yucateco "páxaru reló". Ye comúnmente conocíu en Yucatán como páxaru tho.[5]
El berru ye un gazníu nasal, "cwaw" o "cwaanh", delles vegaes repitir y puede oyese de llueñe.
Vive en hábitats bastante abiertos, como cantos de selves, montes riberanos y carbes. Ye más conspicuo que los demás momotos y frecuentemente pósase n'alambres y barganales, agachar en mallas o cables telefónicos, moviendo la so cola d'un llau al otru. Ende busca preses como inseutos y pequeños reptiles, alimentándose tamién de frutes.
En Nicaragua alcuéntrase-yos principalmente nes árees montiegues de la mariña del Pacíficu, especialmente nos departamentos de Departamentu de Granada Granada, Masaya, Carazo, Rivas y Managua.
Constrúi'l so nial n'árees caliares, dientro d'un buecu allugáu al llau d'un camín, un ríu o quebrada. Pon de 3 a 5 güevos blancos depositaos direutamente sobre'l suelu nuna lluriga nuna llomba o dacuando nuna pedrera, onde son guariaos. Reproducir ente mayu y xunu.
Reconócense siete subespecies de Eumomota superciliosa:[6]
El momoto cejiazul (Eumomota superciliosa) ye una especie d'ave coraciforme de la familia Momotidae. Habita en Centroamérica dende la península de Yucatán hasta Costa Rica. Ye común y nun se considera amenazáu d'estinción.
Esta ave de singular guapura y policromu plumaxe ye ave nacional de los países d'El Salvador y Nicaragua; n'El Salvador ye conocíu como torogoz y en Nicaragua como guardabarranco. N'El Salvador foi nomada ave nacional en 1999 y en Nicaragua en 2012.
Eumomota superciliosa[1] a zo ur spesad evned eus ar c'herentiad Momotidae.
Ar spesad nemetañ eo er genad Eumomota.
Anvet e voe Pyronites superciliosus (kentanv) da gentañ-penn (e 1837) gant Sandbach.
Dibabet e voe da evn broadel Nicaragua e miz Gwengolo 1971[2] hag El Salvador e miz Here 1999[3].
Bevañ a ra diwar amprevaned ha blotviled bihan.
Ar spesad a gaver ar seizh isspesad anezhañ[4] e Kreizamerika :
a vo kavet e Wikimedia Commons.
Eumomota superciliosa a zo ur spesad evned eus ar c'herentiad Momotidae.
Ar spesad nemetañ eo er genad Eumomota.
Anvet e voe Pyronites superciliosus (kentanv) da gentañ-penn (e 1837) gant Sandbach.
Dibabet e voe da evn broadel Nicaragua e miz Gwengolo 1971 hag El Salvador e miz Here 1999.
El motmot cellut (Eumomota superciliosa) és un ocell de la família dels momòtids (Momotidae) i única espècie del gènere Eumomota. Habita boscos i matolls des del sud de Veracruz i Tabasco fins a la Península de Yucatán i des de Chiapas cap al sud fins al centre de Costa Rica.
El motmot cellut (Eumomota superciliosa) és un ocell de la família dels momòtids (Momotidae) i única espècie del gènere Eumomota. Habita boscos i matolls des del sud de Veracruz i Tabasco fins a la Península de Yucatán i des de Chiapas cap al sud fins al centre de Costa Rica.
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Motmot cynffonlas (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: motmotiaid cynffonlas) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Eumomota superciliosa; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Turquoise-browed motmot. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Motmotiaid (Lladin: Momotidae) sydd yn urdd y Coraciiformes.[1]
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn E. superciliosa, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yng Ngogledd America.
Mae'r motmot cynffonlas yn perthyn i deulu'r Motmotiaid (Lladin: Momotidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:
Rhestr Wicidata:
rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Motmot aeliau gleision Electron carinatum Motmot coch bach Electron platyrhynchum Motmot coch mawr Baryphthengus martii Motmot corungoch Baryphthengus ruficapillus Motmot corunlas Momotus momota Motmot cynffonlas Eumomota superciliosa Motmot gyddflas Aspatha gularis Motmot pengoch Momotus mexicanus Motmot penrhesog Hylomanes momotulaAderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Motmot cynffonlas (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: motmotiaid cynffonlas) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Eumomota superciliosa; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Turquoise-browed motmot. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Motmotiaid (Lladin: Momotidae) sydd yn urdd y Coraciiformes.
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn E. superciliosa, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yng Ngogledd America.
Blåbrynet motmot (latin: Eumomota superciliosa), er en skrigefugl der lever i Mellemamerika. Blåbrynet motmot er nationalfugl i El Salvador og Nicaragua.
Blåbrynet motmot (latin: Eumomota superciliosa), er en skrigefugl der lever i Mellemamerika. Blåbrynet motmot er nationalfugl i El Salvador og Nicaragua.
The turquoise-browed motmot (Eumomota superciliosa) is a colourful, medium-sized bird of the motmot family, Momotidae. It inhabits Central America from south-east Mexico (mostly the Yucatán Peninsula), to Costa Rica, where it is common and not considered threatened. It lives in fairly open habitats such as forest edge, gallery forest and scrubland. It is more conspicuous than other motmots, often perching in the open on wires and fences. From these perches it scans for prey, such as insects and small reptiles. White eggs (3–6) are laid in a long tunnel nest in an earth bank or sometimes in a quarry or fresh-water well. Its name originates from the turquoise color of its brow. It is the national bird of both El Salvador and Nicaragua, where it is known as torogoz and guardabarranco respectively.[2][3]
The bird is 34 cm (13 in) long and weighs 65 g (2.3 oz). It has a mostly grey-blue body with a rufous back and belly. There is a bright blue strip above the eye and a blue-bordered black patch on the throat. The flight feathers and upperside of the tail are blue. The tips of the tail feathers are shaped like rackets and the bare feather shafts are longer than in other motmots. Although it is often said that motmots pluck the barbs off their tail to create the racketed shape, this is not true; the barbs are weakly attached and fall off due to abrasion with substrates and with routine preening.[4]
Unlike most bird species, where only males express elaborate traits, the turquoise-browed motmot expresses the extraordinary racketed tail in both sexes. Research indicates that the tail has evolved to function differently for the sexes. Males apparently use their tail as a sexual signal, as males with longer tails have greater pairing success and reproductive success.[5] In addition to this function, the tail is used by both sexes in a wag-display, whereby the tail is moved back-and-forth in a pendulous fashion.[6] The wag-display is performed in a context unrelated to mating: both sexes perform the wag-display in the presence of a predator, and the display is thought to confer naturally selected benefits by communicating to the predator that it has been seen and that pursuit will not result in capture. This form of interspecific communication is referred to as a pursuit-deterrent signal.[7]
The call is nasal, croaking and far-carrying.
The turquoise-browed motmot is a well-known bird in its range. It has acquired a number of local names including guardabarranco ("ravine-guard") in Nicaragua, torogoz in El Salvador (based on its call) and pájaro reloj ("clock bird") in the Yucatán, based on its habit of wagging its tail like a pendulum. In Costa Rica it is known as momoto cejiceleste or the far-less flattering pájaro bobo ("foolish bird"), owing to its tendency to allow humans to come very near it without flying away.
The turquoise-browed motmot (Eumomota superciliosa) is a colourful, medium-sized bird of the motmot family, Momotidae. It inhabits Central America from south-east Mexico (mostly the Yucatán Peninsula), to Costa Rica, where it is common and not considered threatened. It lives in fairly open habitats such as forest edge, gallery forest and scrubland. It is more conspicuous than other motmots, often perching in the open on wires and fences. From these perches it scans for prey, such as insects and small reptiles. White eggs (3–6) are laid in a long tunnel nest in an earth bank or sometimes in a quarry or fresh-water well. Its name originates from the turquoise color of its brow. It is the national bird of both El Salvador and Nicaragua, where it is known as torogoz and guardabarranco respectively.
A torogoz in Joya de Cerén Mayan ruins in El SalvadorThe bird is 34 cm (13 in) long and weighs 65 g (2.3 oz). It has a mostly grey-blue body with a rufous back and belly. There is a bright blue strip above the eye and a blue-bordered black patch on the throat. The flight feathers and upperside of the tail are blue. The tips of the tail feathers are shaped like rackets and the bare feather shafts are longer than in other motmots. Although it is often said that motmots pluck the barbs off their tail to create the racketed shape, this is not true; the barbs are weakly attached and fall off due to abrasion with substrates and with routine preening.
Unlike most bird species, where only males express elaborate traits, the turquoise-browed motmot expresses the extraordinary racketed tail in both sexes. Research indicates that the tail has evolved to function differently for the sexes. Males apparently use their tail as a sexual signal, as males with longer tails have greater pairing success and reproductive success. In addition to this function, the tail is used by both sexes in a wag-display, whereby the tail is moved back-and-forth in a pendulous fashion. The wag-display is performed in a context unrelated to mating: both sexes perform the wag-display in the presence of a predator, and the display is thought to confer naturally selected benefits by communicating to the predator that it has been seen and that pursuit will not result in capture. This form of interspecific communication is referred to as a pursuit-deterrent signal.
The call is nasal, croaking and far-carrying.
The turquoise-browed motmot is a well-known bird in its range. It has acquired a number of local names including guardabarranco ("ravine-guard") in Nicaragua, torogoz in El Salvador (based on its call) and pájaro reloj ("clock bird") in the Yucatán, based on its habit of wagging its tail like a pendulum. In Costa Rica it is known as momoto cejiceleste or the far-less flattering pájaro bobo ("foolish bird"), owing to its tendency to allow humans to come very near it without flying away.
El momoto cejiazul[1] (Eumomota superciliosa) es una especie de ave coraciforme de la familia Momotidae. Habita en Centroamérica desde la península de Yucatán hasta Panamá. Esta ave es también observada en América del Sur. En Colombia se le conoce como Barranquero. Es común y no se considera amenazado de extinción.
Esta ave de singular belleza y policromo plumaje es conocida como torogoz en El Salvador (donde fue declarada ave nacional en noviembre de 1999)[2] y guardabarranco en Nicaragua (declarada ave nacional con ratificación legislativa en junio de 2012).[3] Si bien en ambos decretos legislativos se refiere expresamente a Eumomota superciliosa (con diferentes nombres vernáculos), en el caso nicaragüense los ornitólogos Howell y Webb (1995) describieron características del plumaje similares a las de Momotus momota, con base a observaciones de especímenes de ese país que habían sido clasificados como E. superciliosa.[4]
Esta es un ave relativamente pequeña, del tamaño de un puño de una persona adulta, en promedio mide 34 cm de largo y pesa unos 65 gramos. Tiene el cuerpo mayoritariamente verde con la espalda y el vientre rojizo y además presenta diversas tonalidades de verde, celeste tornasol, blanco, amarillo, anaranjado y negro.
Posee una raya azul pálido sobre el ojo, asemejando un antifaz y en la garganta una marca vertical negra con un margen azul. Las plumas de vuelo y la superficie superior de la cola también son azules.
Un rasgo muy llamativo y característico es que de su cola sobresalen dos largas plumas con el raquis desnudo y largo y pluma ancha al final, simulando dos raquetas grandes, como las de muchos otros momotos, pero los astiles son más largos. Muchas veces, sobre todo cuando están alarmados, mueve su cola como un péndulo de un lado a otro, de allí su apodo yucateco "pájaro reloj". Es comúnmente conocido en Yucatán como pájaro tho.[5]
El grito es un graznido nasal, "cwawcaca" o "cwaanhoho", algunas veces se repite y se puede oír de lejos.
Vive en hábitats bastante abiertos, como bordes de selvas, bosques ribereños y matorrales. Es más conspicuo que los demás momotos y frecuentemente se posa en alambres y cercas, se agacha en mallas o cables telefónicos, moviendo su cola de un lado al otro. Ahí busca presas como insectos y pequeños reptiles, alimentándose también de frutas.
En Nicaragua se les encuentra principalmente en las áreas boscosas de la costa del Pacífico, especialmente en los departamentos de Granada, Masaya, Carazo, Rivas y Managua.
Construye su nido en áreas calizas o dentro de la tierra, haciendo un hueco ubicado al lado de un camino, un río o quebrada. Pone de 3 a 5 huevos blancos depositados directamente sobre el suelo en una madriguera en una loma o a veces en una pedrera, donde son incubados. Se reproducen entre mayo y junio.
Se reconocen siete subespecies de Eumomota superciliosa:[6]
El guardabarranco apareció en el anverso y reverso de los billetes de 5,000 córdobas nicaragüenses, serie G, de 1985.[7][8] También aparece en el reverso de los billetes de 200 córdobas, serie A, de 2007.[9]
El momoto cejiazul (Eumomota superciliosa) es una especie de ave coraciforme de la familia Momotidae. Habita en Centroamérica desde la península de Yucatán hasta Panamá. Esta ave es también observada en América del Sur. En Colombia se le conoce como Barranquero. Es común y no se considera amenazado de extinción.
Esta ave de singular belleza y policromo plumaje es conocida como torogoz en El Salvador (donde fue declarada ave nacional en noviembre de 1999) y guardabarranco en Nicaragua (declarada ave nacional con ratificación legislativa en junio de 2012). Si bien en ambos decretos legislativos se refiere expresamente a Eumomota superciliosa (con diferentes nombres vernáculos), en el caso nicaragüense los ornitólogos Howell y Webb (1995) describieron características del plumaje similares a las de Momotus momota, con base a observaciones de especímenes de ese país que habían sido clasificados como E. superciliosa.
Eumomota superciliosa Eumomota generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Momotidae familian sailkatua dago.
Eumomota superciliosa Eumomota generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Momotidae familian sailkatua dago.
Eumomota superciliosa
Le Motmot à sourcils bleus (Eumomota superciliosa) est une espèce d'oiseaux appartenant à la famille des Momotidae. C'est l'unique espèce du genre Eumomota.
C'est l'oiseau national du Salvador et du Nicaragua[1],[2].
Cette espèce mesure environ 34 cm de longueur. Il a la tête marquée par deux sourcils bleu turquoise pâle et un masque noir. La gorge est également marquée par une longue tache noire. Le dos et l'abdomen sont roux, les ailes turquoise et le ventre vert. Les deux rectrices médianes sont ornées de deux raquettes et présentent une portion nue du rachis plus longue que chez les autres momots.
Cet oiseau émet un croassement rude[3].
Il vit en Amérique centrale au Costa Rica, au Salvador, au Guatemala, au Honduras, au Mexique et au Nicaragua.
Cet oiseau fréquente les milieux buissonnants et les forêts décidues.
Cette espèce consomme des insectes et de petits reptiles qu'elle capture à partir d'un affût.
Cet oiseau est représenté par sept sous-espèces :
Eumomota superciliosa
Le Motmot à sourcils bleus (Eumomota superciliosa) est une espèce d'oiseaux appartenant à la famille des Momotidae. C'est l'unique espèce du genre Eumomota.
De wenkbrauwmotmot (Eumomota superciliosa) is een vogel uit de familie motmots (Momotidae).
Deze soort komt voor van zuidoostelijk Mexico en zuidelijk Mexico tot noordwestelijk Costa Rica en telt 7 ondersoorten:
Turkisbrynmotmot (Eumomota superciliosa) er ein fugl i motmotfamilien, Momotidae. Han held til Mellom-Amerika frå søraustlege Mexico, mest då Yucatán-halvøya, sør til Costa Rica, der arten er vanleg og ikkje blir sett på truga. Han er ein velkjend fugl i utbreiingsområdet sitt og er valt som nasjonalfugl i både El Salvador og Nicaragua. Artsnamnet stammar frå det turkisefarga augebrynet.
Denne arten er meir iaugefallande enn andre motmotar, og sit ofte godt synleg på leidningar og gjerde. Frå desse utkikksplassane skannar dei byttedyr, som insekt og små krypdyr.
Turkisbrynmotmotar er 33-38 centimeter lange og veg ca. 65 gram. Fjørdrakta er stort sett i grønblått med raudbrunt på rygg og buk. Han har ei lysblå stripe over auget og ein svart flekk på halsen med blå kantar. Vengfjørene og oversida av halen er blå. Dei to sentrale halefjørene hos motmotar har form som rekkertar, og dei nakne fjørskafta er lengre enn hos nokon andre motmotar. Sjølv om det ofte blir sagt at motmotar nappar bistrålane av halefjørene sin for å skape rekkertforma, er det ikkje tilfellet; bistrålane er svakt festa og fell av på grunn av slitasje mot underlag og ved rutinemessig fjørstell.[1] Lætet frå turkisbrynmotmotar er nasalt, kvekkande og har stor rekkjevidd.
Han lever i høgder opptil 1400 moh. ganske opne habitat som skogkantar, galleriskog og kratt. Hoa legg 2 til 6 kvite egg i ein opptil 2,4 meter lang tunnel i ein jordbanke eller liknande.
I motsetnad til dei fleste fugleartar der hannar er meir iaugefallande enn hoer, syner begge kjønn av turkisbrynmotmot den ekstraordinære rekkertforma halen. Eit forskingsresultat indikerer at halen har utvikla seg til å fungere ulikt for kjønna. Hannar brukar halen sin tilsynelatande som eit signal for å vekke interesse hos partnarar, hannar med lengste halar har større paringssuksess og reproduksjonssuksess.[2] I tillegg til denne funksjonen, kan rørsler med dalen bli brukte til å gje signal til predatorar at han er oppdaga.[3] Begge kjønn gjer slike rørsler i nærvær av ein predator, og det er trudd å gje naturleg utvalde føremon ved å kommunisere til rovdyr at eit eventuelt åttak vil ikkje resultere i fangst.
Eit estimat på populasjonen ligg på 50 000-500 000 individ, og bestanden er trudd å vere stabil. Arten er klassifisert som livskraftig.[4]
Turkisbrynmotmot (Eumomota superciliosa) er ein fugl i motmotfamilien, Momotidae. Han held til Mellom-Amerika frå søraustlege Mexico, mest då Yucatán-halvøya, sør til Costa Rica, der arten er vanleg og ikkje blir sett på truga. Han er ein velkjend fugl i utbreiingsområdet sitt og er valt som nasjonalfugl i både El Salvador og Nicaragua. Artsnamnet stammar frå det turkisefarga augebrynet.
Denne arten er meir iaugefallande enn andre motmotar, og sit ofte godt synleg på leidningar og gjerde. Frå desse utkikksplassane skannar dei byttedyr, som insekt og små krypdyr.
Piłodziób czarnogardły[5], piłodziób błękitnobrwisty[6] (Eumomota superciliosa) – gatunek ptaka z rodziny piłodziobów (Momotidae), jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Eumomota[5]. Występuje w Ameryce Środkowej od południowego Meksyku po Kostarykę.
Posiada wielobarwne upierzenie: wierzch głowy i skrzydeł, grzbiet oraz pierś zielone, brzuch i plama na środku grzbietu rudobrązowe, czarna pręga przechodząca przez oko i czarne gardło. Piórka wokół czarnego gardła i na brwi o intensywnym kolorze turkusu. Lotki i sterówki również niebieskie, w ogonie znajdują się dwie wydłużone sterówki z ciemno zakończonymi "łopatkami". Brak dymorfizmu płciowego[6].
Długość ciała: 35 cm, w tym ogon ok. 20 cm[6]
Waga: 65 g
Piłodziób czarnogardły, piłodziób błękitnobrwisty (Eumomota superciliosa) – gatunek ptaka z rodziny piłodziobów (Momotidae), jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Eumomota. Występuje w Ameryce Środkowej od południowego Meksyku po Kostarykę.
Opis gatunkuPosiada wielobarwne upierzenie: wierzch głowy i skrzydeł, grzbiet oraz pierś zielone, brzuch i plama na środku grzbietu rudobrązowe, czarna pręga przechodząca przez oko i czarne gardło. Piórka wokół czarnego gardła i na brwi o intensywnym kolorze turkusu. Lotki i sterówki również niebieskie, w ogonie znajdują się dwie wydłużone sterówki z ciemno zakończonymi "łopatkami". Brak dymorfizmu płciowego.
Średnie wymiaryDługość ciała: 35 cm, w tym ogon ok. 20 cm
Waga: 65 g
Turkosbrynad motmot (Eumomota superciliosa) är en fågel i familjen motmoter inom ordningen praktfåglar.[2] Den placeras som enda art i släktet Eumomota. IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.[1]
Turkosbrynad motmot delas in i sju underarter med följande utbredning:[2]
Turkosbrynad motmot (Eumomota superciliosa) är en fågel i familjen motmoter inom ordningen praktfåglar. Den placeras som enda art i släktet Eumomota. IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.
Turkosbrynad motmot delas in i sju underarter med följande utbredning:
Eumomota superciliosa bipartita – sluttningen mot Karibien i södra Mexiko och Stillahavssluttningen i Guatemala E. s. superciliosa – sydöstra Mexiko (Tabasco, Campeche, norra Yucatán och Cozumel) E. s. vanrossemi – ofruktbar områden i inre Guatemala (Río Negro och Motagua) E. s. sylvestris – karibiska låglandet i östra Guatemala E. s. apiaster – El Salvador till västra Honduras och nordvästra Nicaragua E. s. euroaustris – torra sluttningar mot Karibien i norra Honduras E. s. australis – Stillahavssluttningen i nordvästra Costa RicaEumomota superciliosa là một loài chim trong họ Momotidae.[2]
Eumomota superciliosa (Sandbach, 1837)
Охранный статусБурый момот[1] (лат. Eumomota superciliosa) — ярко окрашенная птица среднего размера из семейства момотовые (Momotidae).
Обитает в Центральной Америке от юго-востока Мексики (в основном, на полуострове Юкатан) до Коста-Рики, где этот вид обычен и не считается находящимся под угрозой исчезновения. Он живет в довольно открытых местах обитания, таких как лесные опушки, галерейные леса и кустарниковые заросли. Этот вид более заметен, чем другие представители семейства, он часто присаживается в открытых местах: на проводах и на заборах. С этих присад он высматривает добычу, как насекомых, так и мелких рептилий. Яйца белого цвета, количеством 3—6 штук он откладывает в гнезде которое строит в конце длинной тунелевидной норы, вырытой в речных обрывах, или иногда в карьерах и колодцах.
Длина птицы составляет около 34 см, вес около 65 г. Окраска оперения, в основном, зелено-голубая, с рыжим цветом задней части брюшка и на спине. Характерны ярко-голубая полоса над глазом и голубая кайма черного пятна на горле. Маховые и верхняя часть хвоста голубые. Кончики перьев хвоста имеют форму флажков и голые стержни центральных рулевых длиннее, чем у других момотов. Несмотря на то, как часто пишут, момоты, якобы, сами вырывают опахала центральных рулевых, чтобы придать им флагообразную форму, это не так; бородки слабо прикреплены к стержню и отваливаются из-за трения о субстрат или во время обычной чистки оперения[2].
В отличие от большинства видов птиц, у которых только самцы имеют яркую окраску и выразительные особенности оперения, у бурого момота необычайные флагообразные перья в хвостах характерны для обоих полов. Исследования показывают, что функция хвоста эволюционировала по-разному у самцов и самок. Самцам, по-видимому, хвосты служат в качестве сексуального сигнала, так как самцы с более длинными хвостами имеют больший успех при спариваниях и соответственно больший репродуктивный успех[3]. В дополнение к этой функции, хвост используется обеими полами в «демонстрациях взмахивания» (wag-display), в процессе которых хвост перемещается возвратно-поступательно наподобие маятника[4]. Демонстрации взмахивания исполняются в контексте, не связанном со спариваниями. Оба пола исполняют эту демонстрацию в присутствии хищников, и эта демонстрация, как полагают, отражает поддержанные естественным отбором преимущества от общения с хищником, а именно сигнал о том, что он (хищник) был замечен, и что преследование не приведет к поимке жертвы. Эта форма межвидовой коммуникации называется сигналом слежения-сдерживания (Pursuit-deterrent signal)[5].
Крик — носовое далеко разносящееся кваканье.
Бурый момот хорошо известен людям на территории своего ареала, он был выбран в качестве национальной птицы как в Сальвадоре, так и в Никарагуа. Он приобрёл ряд местных названий, включая guardabarranco («хранитель оврагов») в Никарагуа, torogoz в Сальвадоре (звукоподражательное название) и pájaro reloj («часовая птица») в Юкатане из-за его привычки махать хвостом подобно маятнику. В Коста-Рике он известен как momoto cejiceleste или под далеко менее лестным названием pájaro bobo («придурковатая птица»), в силу его склонности не улетать, когда люди подходят к нему очень близко.
Бурый момот (лат. Eumomota superciliosa) — ярко окрашенная птица среднего размера из семейства момотовые (Momotidae).
綠眉翠鴗(學名:Eumomota superciliosa,英名:Turquoise-browed Motmot)為一種中小型且色彩鮮艷的翠鴗。其命名源自於眉毛的綠松石色。為眾人常見的鳥類,並已被選為薩爾瓦多及尼加拉瓜的國鳥。
於尼加拉瓜稱為Guardabarranco("山谷守護者"),在薩爾瓦多稱作Torogoz以及猶加敦半島稱為Pájaro reloj("時鐘鳥")。另外於哥斯達黎加被稱為Momoto cejiceleste或Pájaro bobo("愚笨鳥")。
主要分佈於墨西哥東南部(尤其是猶加敦半島)至中美洲的哥斯達黎加地區。一般棲息在開放的環境,如森林邊緣及叢林,也經常停留在電線桿及圍欄上,故比其他翠鴗更易被人所見。
身形約長34公分及身重65公克。身體主要呈綠色,背部及腹部呈紅色。眼睛上有一道鮮藍色紋,喉嚨上有一黑斑。飛羽及尾巴頂呈藍色。尾羽端呈球拍狀,羽軸比其他翠鴗長。
主要食物來源為昆蟲及小型爬行動物。其會在土堤、水井或礦場築巢,鳥巢通常呈長隧道狀,每次生產期約生3-4顆蛋。
雄鳥及雌鳥也會展示其尾羽,但兩者的功用不同。雄鳥利用尾羽來傳遞性訊息,尾巴越長,在配對及繁殖上則會越加成功[2]。雄鳥及雌鳥也會用尾羽來前後擺動,但並非為交配,而是展示給掠食者看,讓掠食者知道已被發現[3]。
綠眉翠鴗(學名:Eumomota superciliosa,英名:Turquoise-browed Motmot)為一種中小型且色彩鮮艷的翠鴗。其命名源自於眉毛的綠松石色。為眾人常見的鳥類,並已被選為薩爾瓦多及尼加拉瓜的國鳥。