Etheostoma stigmaeum és una espècie de peix de la família dels pèrcids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.[4]
Té lloc a l'abril a Tennessee i Kentucky, entre l'abril i el maig a Kansas i Missouri, del març al maig a Arkansas, i des de finals del març fins a principis de l'abril a molts altres indrets.[9] Els ous són enterrats en el substrat del fons aquàtic i fan la desclosa als 9-10 dies i a 17-20 °C de temperatura.[10][11]
Menja larves de mosquit, microcrustacis, efímeres i frigànies.[12][13]
És d'aigua dolça, bentopelàgic i de clima temperat (38°N-31°N),[7] el qual viu als gorgs de fons sorrenc i rocallós de rierols i rius petits o mitjans de corrent ràpid.[5]
Es troba als Estats Units: conca del riu Mississippí des de l'oest de Virgínia[14] fins al sud-est de Kansas[15] i Louisiana,[16] incloent-hi Arkansas,[17] Kentucky,[18] Missouri,[19] Mississippí,[20] Oklahoma i Tennessee;[21] les conques fluvials del golf de Mèxic des de la badia de Mobile i la badia de Pensacola (Geòrgia,[22] Alabama[23][8] i Florida) fins al riu Sabine (Louisiana); i els rius Clinch i Powell a Virgínia i Tennessee.[3][10][24][25][7][26]
És inofensiu per als humans.[7]
Etheostoma stigmaeum és una espècie de peix de la família dels pèrcids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.
The speckled darter (Etheostoma stigmaeum) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the central and southeastern United States. It occurs in the Mississippi River basin and through the Gulf Coast drainages. It is also found in the Clinch River and the Powell River. This species inhabits rocky or sandy pools in flowing waters up to the size of medium rivers with fast currents. It can reach a length of 6.1 centimetres (2.4 in) TL though most only reach about 4 centimetres (1.6 in).[2]
In 2012, studies found five distinct species that were formerly included in E. stigmaeum. In a paper published in the Bulletin of the Alabama Museum of Natural History, Mayden and Layman described five new species, all named after former U S presidents and one vice president, based on their "leadership in conservation policies":
Speckled darters, Etheostoma stigmaeum, are a member of the family Percidae. They have a moderately blunt snout, with no premaxillary frenum. They can reach a maximum length of about 2.2 inches. They have both spines and rays, their lateral line is incomplete, and their gill covers are slightly connected by a membrane across their throat. The midline of their belly does not have enlarged scales. They have a sandy colored dorsal side and a yellow or white ventral side. There are 6 dark brown saddles and large specks on the dorsum, with 7-11 dark brown blotches down their body. Mating males have turquoise colored bands on their sides and in their fins, as opposed to the typical dark blue. Breeding females are much less brightly colored than the males. They develop and extended genital papilla.
Speckled darters are freshwater fish. They prefer clear pools of up to 1 m deep, with moderately swift streams. They typically prefer a bottom of sand or sand and gravel.
Spawning in Missouri begins as early as March and ends as late as May, at temperatures between 57°F and 62°F.. The eggs are buried in substrate, where there is a relationship between temperature and incubation period, with higher temperatures lessening the time. Typical incubation period is about 9–10 days at about 62-68°F. Larvae hatch at about 4.2-5.2 mm with a functional jaw and well developed pectoral fins.
The speckled darter is found in eastern Oklahoma, southeastern Kansas, western Louisiana, Virginia, northwestern Georgia, western Florida, and in the Dulf drainages from the Sabine River to the Pensacola Bay.
The scientific name for the speckled darter is Etheostoma stigmaeum. Etheostoma is derived from the etheo, the Greek word for "to strain", and stoma, the Greek word for "mouth". Stigmaeum is the Greek word for "speckled".
The speckled darter (Etheostoma stigmaeum) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the central and southeastern United States. It occurs in the Mississippi River basin and through the Gulf Coast drainages. It is also found in the Clinch River and the Powell River. This species inhabits rocky or sandy pools in flowing waters up to the size of medium rivers with fast currents. It can reach a length of 6.1 centimetres (2.4 in) TL though most only reach about 4 centimetres (1.6 in).
In 2012, studies found five distinct species that were formerly included in E. stigmaeum. In a paper published in the Bulletin of the Alabama Museum of Natural History, Mayden and Layman described five new species, all named after former U S presidents and one vice president, based on their "leadership in conservation policies":
Etheostoma teddyroosevelt (highland darter) Etheostoma jimmycarter (bluegrass darter) Etheostoma clinton (beaded darter) Etheostoma gore (Cumberland darter) Etheostoma obama (spangled darter)Etheostoma stigmaeum es una especie de peces de la familia Percidae en el orden de los Perciformes.
Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 6,1 cm de longitud total.[1]
Se encuentran en Norteamérica.
Etheostoma stigmaeum Etheostoma generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Percidae familian sailkatzen da.
Etheostoma stigmaeum Etheostoma generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Percidae familian sailkatzen da.
Etheostoma stigmaeum è un piccolo pesce d'acqua dolce appartenente alla famiglia Percidae.
Questa specie è diffusa in America del Nord, nelle acque del bacino idrografico del fiume Mississippi (dalla Virginia al Kansas, dalla Louisiana alla Florida), dove vive in torrenti e piccoli corsi d'acqua limpida con fondale ghiaioso e sabbioso.
Presenta un corpo allungato e compresso ai fianchi, con testa triangolare e occhi grandi. Come gli altri congeneri possiede due pinne dorsali, la prima è bassa e retta da raggi grossi, la seconda è alta, opposta e simmetrica alla pinna anale. Le pinne ventrali e pettorali sono ampie. La pinna caudale è a delta. La livrea presenta un colore di fondo bruno-arancio finemente marezzato di bruno, il ventre è giallo argenteo, il muso azzurro. I fianchi e tutto il peduncolo caudale sono decorati da una linea di chiazze tondeggianti turchesi. La prima pinna dorsale presenta una fascia azzurra alla radice, una fascia rossa e in alto una fascia trasparente, ed è orlata di azzurro, mentre la seconda dorsale è grigio trasparente puntinata di rosso o di azzurro. Le altre pinne sono azzurre tendenti al trasparente.
Raggiunge una lunghezza massima di 6 cm.
Le uova sono sepolte nel fondale. In caso di pericolo gli avannotti si rifugiano nella bocca dei genitori.
Dopo attenti studi iniziati sulle differenze delle livree maschili nel periodo riproduttivo, due ittiologi americani (Steve Layman e Rick Maydan) hanno riconosciuto come specie a sé stanti alcune sottospecie di E. stigmaeum, descrivendole nel Bulletin of the Alabama Museum of Natural History (2012) e battezzandole con i nomi di presidenti e vicepresidenti degli USA che si sono distinti per le loro politiche di conservazione delle specie animali[1]:
Etheostoma stigmaeum is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de echte baarzen (Percidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1877 door Jordan.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
密點鏢鱸為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目鱸亞目河鱸科的其中一種，分布於美國東南部的淡水流域，體長可達6.1公分，棲息在水質清澈、沙石底質的溪流，雄魚具有護卵的行為。
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