Euryphorus brachypterus (Gerstaecker 1853)

Elytrophora indica Shiino, 1958

Elytrophora indica Shiino, 1958:107.

Elytrophora brachyptera indica Shiino.—Hewitt, 1968:124.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—9 collections containing 128 27 from the gill area of Thunnus obesus from Ile Amsterdam, Seychelles, Christmas Island (Pacific), Juan Fernandez Islands.

FEMALE.—Body form as in Figure 78a. Total length 10.15 mm, greatest width 5.80 mm (measured at widest part of cephalon). Genital segment (Figure 78b) longer than wide (2.97 × 2.20 mm). Abdomen (see Figure 78b) first segment crescent-shaped, produced at posterior corners to envelope anterior half of second segment; segments measure (l × w) 1.01 × 1.50 mm, 1.02 × 1.10 mm respectively. Caudal rami longer than wide (0.65 × 0.43 mm) similar to E. brachyptera. First antenna (Figure 78c) 2-segmented, first segment with 25 setae, one modified into sclerotized spine; second segment with one subterminal seta, 13 terminal setae. Second antenna as in Figure 78d. Mouth tube, mandible, post oral process, and first maxilla as in Figure 78e; post oral process longer than mouthtube. Second maxilla, maxilliped, sternal furca, and legs 1–3 similar to E. brachyptera. Leg 4 (Figure 78f) similar to E. brachyptera except exopod spines relatively longer in E. indica. Legs 5 and 6 (Figure 78g) represented by 1 and 3 setae respectively on lateral genital segment.

MALE.—Body form as in Figure 79a. Total length 8.33 mm, greatest width 4.16 mm (measured at widest part of cephalon). Genital segment longer than wide (1.97 × 1.68 mm). Abdomen 2-segmented, segments measure 0.65 × 0.94 mm, 0.87 × 0.85 mm respectively. Caudal rami longer than wide (0.71 × 0.40), similar to female. First antenna similar to female. Second antenna (Figure 79b) similar to E. brachyptera male except basal segment with only small process. Mouth tube, mandible, post oral process, first maxilla, second maxilla similar to female. Maxilliped and sternal furca similar to E. brachyptera male. Legs 1–6 similar to female.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—27 collections containing 77 56 from the body surface of Acanthocybium solandri from the following localities: Seychelles Islands, Malagasy Republic, Ile Amsterdam, Christmas Island (Pacific), Washington Island, Hawaii, Socorro Island, Revillagigedo, Puerto Rico, Nicaragua, North Atlantic (39°N, 41°W), North Carolina, Brazil, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands, Azores Islands.

Shiino (1960:533) provided a good description of this species and we will provide description and illustrations to enable the reader to recognize this species without resorting to earlier works. For a comprehensive account consult the work of Shiino (1960) and Cressey (1967).

FEMALE.—Body form as in Figure 79c. Total length 16.7 mm (15.0–17.7 mm.) greatest width 6.2 mm (6.0–6.5 mm). Measurements based on an average of 8 specimens. Caudal rami much longer than wide. Frontal lunules absent. First antenna 2-segmented (distal half of last segment sclerotized giving the impression of 2 segments). Second antenna clawlike, heavily sclerotized at tip. Sternal furca (Figure 79d) with accessory process lateral to the base of each tine. Leg 1 exopod last segment (Figure 79f) with 2 bifid spines plus an accessory spine giving trifid appearance; and unmodified spine on outer distal corner and 3 lateral setae. Leg 4 (Figure 79h) exopod 3-segmented, last segment with 3 short terminal spines.

MALE.—Body form as in Figure 79i. Total length 12.1 mm (11.7–12.5 mm). Greatest width 4.8 mm (4.2–5.7 mm). Measurements based on 6 specimens. Appendages similar to female except second antenna with an accessory process on claw.

Elytrophora brachyptera Gerstaecker, 1853

Elytrophora brachyptera Gerstaecker, 1853:58.

Elytrophora hemiptera Wilson, 1921:4.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—78 collections containing 771 269 from the gill area of the following hosts and localities: Thunnus alalunga from Ile Amsterdam, Chile, New Jersey, Brazil (north coast), North Atlantic (25°N, 35°W), Azores Islands; T. albacares from Chagos, Australia (NSW), Christmas Island (Pacific), Hawaii, New Jersey, Brazil (north coast); T. atlanticus from St. Thomas Island; T. maccoyii from Western Australia (Albany); T. obesus from Ile Amsterdam, Seychelles, Christmas Island (Pacific), Hawaii, Juan Fernandez Islands, New Jersey, Brazil (north coast), Cape Verde Islands, Canary Islands, Azores Islands; T. thynnus from South Africa (west coast), Eastern Pacific, Western North Atlantic, New Jersey, Portugal (Lisbon); Allothunnus fallai from New Zealand, California.

FEMALE.—Body form as in Figure 75a. Total length 8.26 mm, greatest width 4.71 mm (measured at widest part of cephalon). Genital segment longer than wide (2.61 × 1.89 mm). Abdomen 2-segmented, segments measure (l × w) 0.72 × 0.87 mm, 0.68 × 0.85 mm respectively; first segment partially hidden in dorsal view by flaps of genital segment. Caudal rami (Figure 75b) longer than wide (680 × 400 μ), each with 6 setae (2 very small). First antenna (Figure 75c) 2-segmented. Second antenna (Figure 75d) basal segment with prominent triangular process, terminal segment clawlike with 1 short spine and 1 seta. Mouthtube, mandible, post oral process and first maxilla as in Figure 75e; mandible with 12 teeth; post oral process about as long as mouthtube; first maxilla with 3 small setae. Second maxilla (Figure 75f) terminal segment with 2 prominent pectinated membranes at about mid-point, terminally with 2 long curved, subequal fringed processes. Maxilliped (Figure 75g) claw distal half finely grooved. Sternal furca (Figure 76a) with stout, widely divergent tines.

Leg 1 (Figure 76b) biramous, endopod first segment without ornamentation, second segment spinulose along outer edge, 3 inner setae; exopod one-segmented with 3 stout, fringed outer spines, 1 terminal plumose seta, 3 inner plumose setae. Leg 2 (Figure 76c) biramous, rami 3-segmented, endopod first and second segments each with spinulose outer edges, third segment small, with 6 setae; exopod with 4 outer spinulose spines, last segment with 6 setae. Leg 3 (Figure 76d) endopod first segment with inner seta, second segment with 2 inner setae, third segment small, with 4 setae; exopod as in Figure 77a. Leg 4 (Figure 77b) endopod 2-segmented, first segment with inner seta, second segment incompletely divided with one short inner seta and 3 short terminal setae; exopod first segment with outer spinulose spine, second segment similar, with inner seta, third segment with 3 outer to terminal spines and 4 short inner setae. Legs 5 and 6 represented by 1 and 3 setae respectively on lateral genital segment.

MALE.—Body form as in Figure 77d. Total length 6.67 mm, greatest width 3.62 mm (measured at widest part of cephalon). Genital segment (Figure 77e) longer than wide (1.74 × 1.53 mm). Abdomen 2-segmented, segments measure (l × w) 0.56 × 0.72 mm, 0.52 × 0.69 mm respectively. Caudal rami similar to female. First antenna 2-segmented, similar to female. Second antenna (Figure 77f) terminal segment long, recurved claw with stout spine on inner margin; triangular process on basal segment not as prominent as in female. Remaining cephalic appendages except maxilliped similar to female. Maxilliped modified as in Figure 77g. Sternal furca slender, tines less divergent than in female. Legs 1–6 similar to female, except leg 4 endopod setae longer.

European waters; Atlantic coast of North and South America; Indian Ocean; North and South Pacific Ocean