Rhadinocentrus ornatus ist ein schlanker Süßwasserfisch aus der Familie der Regenbogenfische, der in küstennahen Gewässern im südlichen Queensland und im nördlichen New South Wales lebt.
Rhadinocentrus ornatus sind sehr variabel gefärbt, je nach geografischer Herkunft. Der silbrig-transparente Körper ist oft bläulich oder rötlich gefärbt. Die Schuppen sind relativ groß und bilden durch die oft dunklen Schuppenränder ein Netzmuster. Oft ist ein dunkler Doppelstreifen in der Körpermitte vom Kopf bis zum Schwanz sichtbar. Rücken und Nacken schillern neonblau, die Flossen sind oft rötlich und mit dunklen Flossenstrahlen. Die Männchen sind lebhafter gefärbt als die Weibchen und besitzen eine ausgezogenere Schwanzflosse. Während der Balz zeigen die Männchen einen roten Balzstreifen von der Maulspitze bis zur zweiten Rückenflosse oder Dorsale. Die schlanken Fische erreichen eine maximale Standardlänge von 5–6 cm, meist sind es etwa 4 cm.
Flossenformel: D1 III-V, D2 I/11-15, A I/18-22, P 11-13[1]
Rhadinocentrus ornatus ist endemisch in den subtropischen küstennahen Gewässern östlich der Great Dividing Range zwischen Maryborough (Queensland) und Coffs Harbour (New South Wales). Er kommt auch auf den der Küste vorgelagerten großen Sandinseln, wie Fraser Island, Moreton Island (dem Typusfundort) und North Stradbroke Island vor. Dort lebt er in Süßwasserbächen und -flüssen, Teichen und Dünenseen (Wallum). Das Wasser ist typischerweise durch Huminstoffe dunkel gefärbt und sauer. Die Fische halten sich in der Nähe von Wurzeln und Totholz, überhängender oder auftauchender Vegetation auf.
Das Verbreitungsgebiet ist begrenzt und fragmentiert, so dass kein Genfluss zwischen vielen Populationen stattfindet. Genetische Studien haben vier solcher unterschiedlicher Populationen nachgewiesen, die folgenden Gebieten zugeordnet werden können: (1) Byfield (Water Park Creek) bis Tin Can Bay und Fraser Island, (2) Searys Creek (Rainbow Beach), (3) Noosa River bis zum Brunswick River (NSW) mit den Inseln Bribie, Moreton und Stradbroke sowie (4) im nördlichen NSW südlich des Brunswick River.[2] Oft kommt er mit Nannoperca oxleyana und Pseudomugil mellis vor.
Bedrohungen liegen in der Zerstörung des Habitats u. a. durch Räumung für Bauland und in konkurrierenden, eingeschleppten Gambusen (Gambusia holbrooki).
Rhadinocentrus ornatus lebt in kleinen Gruppen und ernährt sich omnivor von terrestrischen und aquatischen Insekten und deren Larven, kleinen Krebstieren und Algen. Bevorzugt nimmt er die Nahrung von der Wasseroberfläche auf.
Das Weibchen laicht über mehrere Tage ab, die gut einen Millimeter kleinen Eier haften mittels „Fäden“ an Vegetation, bis nach 7–10 Tagen die Larven schlüpfen.
In Australien sind die lokalen Farbvarianten von Rhadinocentrus ornatus seit Jahrzehnten beliebte Aquarienfische.
Rhadinocentrus ornatus ist ein schlanker Süßwasserfisch aus der Familie der Regenbogenfische, der in küstennahen Gewässern im südlichen Queensland und im nördlichen New South Wales lebt.
The ornate rainbowfish (Rhadinocentrus ornatus) is a species of rainbowfish endemic to an area in eastern Australia, where it is native to coastal regions and sandy offshore islands in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales. It is the only known member of its genus. It is a popular aquarium fish.
The ornate rainbowfish is a small, slender and rather elongated species of rainbowfish. It has two dorsal fins that are only narrowly separated, and the first dorsal fin is considerably smaller than the second.[3] There are 3 to 5 thin, soft spines in the first dorsal fin while the second dorsal fin has 11–15 segmented rays.[4] This species is highly variable in colour over its range. The body is semi-transparent, and they have two rows of black scales along the middle of their flanks. They have iridescent scales above the lateral line and just below the dorsal fin, and these can be either red or a metallic light blue. The dorsal, anal and caudal fins are normally blue, although are sometimes red, and have black edges.[3] The semi-transparent body may have hues of blue, pink or red with the dark edges of the scales creating a network-like pattern and the two mid-lateral dark stripes described above. They have neon blue iridescent patches on their backs and on the nape. An example of the geographic variation in colour is that a golden-yellow morph is found in the Key Hole Lakes system on Stradbroke Island,[4] while another population on that island had distinctive black stripes on the flanks which created an overall dark colouration.[3] The males of this species grows to a length of 6 centimetres (2.4 in) Standard Length, the females to 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in).[5]
The ornate rainbowfish is found in subtropical freshwaters in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales. Its range is coastal areas to the east of the Great Dividing Range from near Maryborough to Coffs Harbour. The species distribution extends to sandy islands of southern Queensland including Bribie, Fraser, Moreton and North Stradbroke Islands.[3][4] On the mainland its distribution is continuous in the southern part of its range but there is a disjunct population in the Byfield area which is separated from the southern population by 350 kilometres (220 mi).[3]
Ornate rainbowfish inhabit freshwater creeks, streams, ponds and dune lakes in the coastal dune habitat locally known as wallum. Their typical habitat is sandy coastal areas where they are found in sluggish, acid waters stained with tannins from vegetation falling into the water where there is woody debris in the water, grassy banks, and thick submerged and emergent vegetation.[4] In these habitats the ornate rainbowfish prefers to be in cover among submerged woody debris, in grassy banks and reeds; and within waterlily roots.[5] It has also been recorded in clear streams with a slow current and little or no vegetation in gallery forests.[4] This species can tolerate very soft waters and is known to live in water as acidic as orange juice.[6]
This species congregates in small schools, especially where the habitat is clear, slow, shady streams over sands. These may be mixed schools with Nannoperca oxleyana and Pseudomugil mellis.[3] This omnivorous species feeds mainly from the surface, and its diet consists of crustaceans, aquatic and terrestrial insects, pollen, algae and organic detritus.[4] It is sexually dimorphic; the males are more brightly-coloured than the females with an elongated second ray in the second dorsal fin and an elongated anal fin. When breeding, the males develop a red nuptial stripe which runs from the snout to the second dorsal fin.[4] The males are territorial and defend their territories from other males.[3] Over a period of several days, the females lay eggs which stick to aquatic plants by an adhesive thread on the outside of each egg. The larvae hatch after a week to ten days. In the aquarium they reach sexual maturity between 9–12 months old and may have a lifespan of up to 4 years.[4] The spawning season runs from November to January.[7]
The ornate rainbowfish is divided into four genetically distinct populations: the northern mainland population which occurs from Byfield south to Tin Can Bay and Fraser Island in Queensland; the Searys Creek population in the area of Rainbow Beach; a population which occurs from the Noosa River in Queensland south to Brunswick River which includes the subpopulations on Moreton, Bribie and Stradbroke Islands; and a fourth in northern New South Wales south of the Brunswick River. These populations are also fragmented within their own geographic areas, and they are threatened by the invasive Eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki. Other threats include land clearance, habitat degradation[4] and urbanisation.[3] This species is listed as “vulnerable” by the IUCN.[5]
The distribution of the ornate rainbowfish has contracted as a result of urban and rural development, this contraction being exacerbated by the subsequent alterations to hydrology and to the water quality. These factors continue to have negative impacts on populations of this species in a number of localities. Extensive sampling of rivers and streams in mainland south-east Queensland under the auspices of Wildlife Preservation Society of Queensland in the years leading up to 2014 discovered relatively few individual ornate rainbowfish. Due to ecology and geographic distribution of this species, each time a subpopulation is lost it is likely a unique genetic lineage may be being lost too. However, new subpopulations were still being discovered.[8]
The ornate rainbowfish was described by Charles Tate Regan in 1914 from types collected on Moreton Island.[9] The generic name is a compound noun consisting of the Greek for "slender", rhadinos, and for spine, centron, a reference to the slender and flexible finrays in the dorsal fin. The specific name ornatus is Latin and means "decorated".[10]
Rhadinocentrus ornatus is the only species in the genus Rhadinocentrus.[11]
The ornate rainbowfish is very closely associated with the warm and peaty wallum wetland habitats that its range almost exactly corresponds to that habitat type. Each permanent coastal stream within its range appears to have fish with different colouration or patterning. These subpopulations have evolved in isolation over the last ten millennia as the rising sea levels have cut each population off from those in neighbouring coastal streams.[12]
Rhadinocentrus ornatus is a popular aquarium fish in Australia,[5] having been popular among aquarists who keep the native fish of Australia for many decades,[3] although it appears to be rarely available outside of Australia.[13]
The ornate rainbowfish (Rhadinocentrus ornatus) is a species of rainbowfish endemic to an area in eastern Australia, where it is native to coastal regions and sandy offshore islands in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales. It is the only known member of its genus. It is a popular aquarium fish.
El Rhadinocentrus ornatus es una especie de pez actinopterigio de agua dulce,[1] la única del género mototípico Rhadinocentrus. [2]
Son peces de acuario populares que se reproducen fácilmente en cautividad.[3]
Con un llamativo color que lo hace adecuado para la acuariofilia, la longitud máxima descrita es de 6 cm, aunque la longitud normal suele estar en torno a 3,5 cm las hembras y 4 cm los machos.[3]
Se distribuye por la costa este de Australia, desde el norte de Nueva Gales del Sur hasta el sur de Queensland.[1]
Vive en arroyos costeros y se encuentra a menudo en charcas estancadas o arroyos con poco o ningún flujo. También se le puede encontrar en remansos de corrientes más grandes, estanques y lagos de dunas; prefiere la cubierta de troncos y ramas sumergidos, bancos de hierba, juncos y raíces de lirio.[3] Se alimenta de insectos y sus larvas acuáticas, microcrustáceos y algas.[3]
El Rhadinocentrus ornatus es una especie de pez actinopterigio de agua dulce, la única del género mototípico Rhadinocentrus.
Son peces de acuario populares que se reproducen fácilmente en cautividad.
Rhadinocentrus ornatus Rhadinocentrus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Melanotaeniidae familian sailkatzen da.
Rhadinocentrus ornatus Rhadinocentrus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Melanotaeniidae familian sailkatzen da.
Rhadinocentrus ornatus[1] er tegund af regnbogafiskum einlend í austur Ástralíu. Hún verður um 6 sm löng. Hún er eina þekkta tegund ættkvíslarinnar Rhadinocentrus.[2] Hún þolir að vera í vatni sem er jafn súrt og appelsínusafi.[3]
Rhadinocentrus ornatus er tegund af regnbogafiskum einlend í austur Ástralíu. Hún verður um 6 sm löng. Hún er eina þekkta tegund ættkvíslarinnar Rhadinocentrus. Hún þolir að vera í vatni sem er jafn súrt og appelsínusafi.
Rhadinocentrus est genus piscium familiae Melanotaeniidarum, in Australia endemicorum, cuius Rhadinocentrus ornatus est sola species nota. Singuli huius speciei ad 6 centimetra longi crescunt.
Haec stipula ad Atheriniformes spectat. Amplifica, si potes! Rhadinocentrus est genus piscium familiae Melanotaeniidarum, in Australia endemicorum, cuius Rhadinocentrus ornatus est sola species nota. Singuli huius speciei ad 6 centimetra longi crescunt.
Rhadinocentrus ornatus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de regenboogvissen (Melanotaeniidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1914 door Regan.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Rhadinocentrus ornatus – gatunek ryby z rodziny tęczankowatych (Melanotaeniidae), jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Rhadinocentrus.
Rhadinocentrus ornatus – gatunek ryby z rodziny tęczankowatych (Melanotaeniidae), jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Rhadinocentrus.
新南威爾斯柔棘魚，為輻鰭魚綱銀漢魚目虹銀漢魚科的其中一種，分布於澳洲新南威爾斯及昆士蘭淡水流域，為熱帶魚類，體長可達6公分，棲息在溪流、湖泊及水塘等底中層水域，生活習性不明。
这是一篇關於魚類的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 
