Catostomus commersonii és una espècie de peix de la família dels catostòmids i de l'ordre dels cipriniformes.[5]
Morfologia
Pot assolir els 65 cm de longitud total[6] (encara que la seua mida normal és de 40,7)[7] i els 2.940 g de pes.[8][9]
Alimentació
Els alevins de menys d'1,2 cm de llargada es nodreixen de plàncton i d'altres petits invertebrats i quan arriben a fer entre 1,6 i 1,8 cm comencen a alimentar-se d'organismes bentònics. Com a adult, es desplaça a aigües poc fondes al voltant de l'ortus i de l'ocàs per a menjar.[10][11][12]
Depredadors
És depredat per aus, peixos (Ichthyomyzon castaneus, la perca americana de boca petita -Micropterus dolomieui-, Micropterus salmoides, Coregonus clupeaformis,[13] el lluç de riu -Esox lucius-, Esox masquinongy, Lota lota, Stizostedion vitreum, la llampresa de mar -Petromyzon marinus-,[14][15] el salmó europeu -Salmo salar- i la truita de rierol -Salvelinus fontinalis-)[16] i mamífers.[17]
Hàbitat i distribució geogràfica
És un peix d'aigua dolça, demersal, catàdrom[18] (normalment, fins als 30 m de fondària, tot i que pot arribar fins als 45)[17] i de clima temperat[19] (68°N-34°N), el qual es troba a Nord-amèrica: des de la major part del Canadà[17][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] fins a la costa atlàntica, Carolina del Nord, Virgínia,[28] Tennessee,[6] Missouri,[29] Colorado,[30] Wisconsin[31] i Nou Mèxic, encara que és menys comú al sud de les Grans Planes.[32][33][10][34][35][36][9][4][37] Durant els anys 1998 i 1989 es va intentar introduir-lo a la Gran Bretanya però no hi va arrelar.[38][39][40]
Observacions
És inofensiu per als humans,[9] la seua longevitat és de 12 anys[7] i la seua carn és blanca, escatosa i dolça.[17]
Referències
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↑ Lesueur C. A., 1817. A new genus of fishes, of the order Abdominales, proposed, under the name of Catostomus; and the characters of this genus, with those of its species, indicated. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. v. 1 (pt 1, núms. 5/6). 88-96, 102-111.
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↑ Lacépède, B. G. E., 1803. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Histoire naturelle des poissons. v. 5: i-lxviii + 1-803 + index, Pls. 1-21.
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↑ BioLib (anglès)
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↑ 4,0 4,1 Catalogue of Life (anglès)
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↑ The Taxonomicon (anglès)
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↑ 6,0 6,1 Etnier, D. A. i W. C. Starnes, 1993. The fishes of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville (Tennessee), Estats Units.
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↑ 7,0 7,1 Hugg, D.O., 1996. MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. i Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater (Maryland), Estats Units.
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↑ International Game Fish Association, 1991. World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, els Estats Units.
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↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 FishBase (anglès)
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↑ 10,0 10,1 McPhail, J. D. i C. C. Lindsey, 1970. Freshwater fishes of northwestern Canada and Alaska. Fish. Res. Board Can. Bull. 173:381 p.
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↑ Ahlgren, M. O., 1990. Diet selection and the contribution of detritus to the diet of the juvenile white sucker (Catostomus commersoni). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:41-48.
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↑ Chen, Y. i H. H. Harvey, 1999. Spatial structuring of length-at-age of the benthivorous white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) in relation to environmental variables. Aquat. Living Resour. 12(6):351-362.
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↑ Dio, R. i F.G. Whoriskey, 1992. Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformes) predationon the eggs of longnose (Catostomus catostomus) and white (C. commersoni) suckers. Polskie Arch. HydroBiol. 39(3-4):409-415.
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↑ Beamish, F. W. H. i I.C. Potter, 1975. The biology of the anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in New Brunsvic. J. Zool. Lond. 177:57-72.
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↑ Hall, J. D., 1960. Preliminary studies on the biology of native Michigan lampreys. M.Sc. thesis, Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 39 p.
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↑ FishBase (anglès)
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↑ 17,0 17,1 17,2 17,3 Scott, W. B. i E. J. Crossman, 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966.
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↑ Riede, K., 2004. Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Alemanya. 329 p.
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↑ Beitinger, T. L. i W. A. Bennett, 2000. Quantification of the role of acclimation temperature in temperature tolerance of fishes. Environ. Biol. Fish. 58(3):277-288.
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↑ Berkes, F. i M. Mackenzie, 1978. Cree fish names from Eastern James Bay, Quebec. Arctic 31(4):489-495.
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↑ Carl, G. C., W. A. Clemens i C. C. Lindsey, 1959. The freshwater fishes of British Columbia (3a. revisió). (reimprès el 1977). B.C. Prov. Mus. Handb. 5: 192 p.
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↑ Coker, G. A., C. B. Portt i C. K. Minns, 2001. Morphological and ecological characteristics of Canadian freshwater fishes. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. Núm. 2554. 89 p.
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↑ Geen, G. H., T. G. Northcote, G. F. Hartman i C.C. Lindsey, 1966. Life histories of two species of catostomid fishes in Sixteenmile Lake, British Columbia, with particular reference to inlet stream spawning. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 23(11):1762-1787.
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↑ Hazel, P.-P., J. Lamoureux, E. Magnin i R. Nault, 1983. Croissance de six espèces de poissons vivant près de leur limite de répartition en latitude et en altitude sur le territoire de la Baie James. Cybium 7(4):57-69.
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↑ Little, A. S., W. M. Tonn, R. F. Tallman i J. D. Reist, 1998. Seasonal variation in diet and trophic relationships within the fish communities of the lower Slave River, Northwest Territories, Canada. Environ. Biol. Fish. 53(4):429-445.
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↑ McPhail, J. D. i R. Carveth, 1993. Field key to the freshwater fishes of British Columbia. Fish Museum, Department of Zoology, U.B.C., el Canadà, 239 p.
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↑ Nelson, J. S. i M. J. Paetz, 1992. The fishes of Alberta. The University of Alberta Press, el Canadà.
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↑ Flemer, D. A. i W.S. Woolcott, 1966. Food habits and distribution of the fishes of Tuckahoe Creek, Virginia, with special emphasis on the bluegill, Lepomis m. macrochirus (Rafinesque). Chesapeake Sci. 7(2):75-89.
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↑ Missouri Department of Conservation, 2008. Fish of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation.
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↑ Hayes, M. L., 1956. Life history studies of two species of suckers in the Shadow Mountain Reservoir, Grand County, Colorado. MS thesis, Colorado A. M. Coll., Fort Collins. 126 p.
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↑ Spoor, W. A., 1938. Age and growth of the sucker, Catostomus commersonnii (Lacépède), in Muskellunge lake, Villas County, Wisconsin. Trans. Wisconsin Academy of Sci., Arts and Letters 31:457-503.
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↑ Carlander, K. D. i L. E. Hiner, 1943. Fisheries investigation and management report for Lake Vermilion, St. Louis County. Minn. Bur. Fish. Res. Invest. 54:1-175.
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↑ Lieb, C. S., 2000. Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Rio Grande drainage, Doña Ana, El Paso, and Hudspeth counties. Centennial Museum, University of Texas at El Paso.
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↑ Page, L.M. i B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 432 p.
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↑ Rempel, L. L. i D. G. Smith, 1998. Postglacial fish dispersal from the Mississippi refuge to the Mackenzie River basin. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55:893-899.
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↑ Tomelleri, J. R. i M. E. Eberle, 1990. Fishes of the central United States. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas. 226 p.
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↑ GBIF (anglès)
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↑ Copp, G. H., C. Vaughan i A. Wheeler, 1993. First occurrence of the North Americal white sucker Catostomus commersoni in Great Britain. J. Fish Biol. 42:615-617.
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↑ Wheeler, A.C., N.R. Merrett i D.T.G. Quigley, 2004. Additional records and notes for Wheeler's (1992) List of the Common and Scientific Names of Fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 65 (Supplement B): 1-40.
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↑ FishBase (anglès)
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- Beamish, F. W. H., 1964. Influence of starvation on standard and routine oxygen consumption. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 93:103-107.
- Beamish, F. W. H., 1964. Respiration of fishes with special emphasis on standard oxygen consumption. II. Influence of weight and temperature on respiration of several species. Can. J. Zool. 42:177-188.
- Beamish, R. J. i H. Tsuyuki, 1971. A biochemical and cytological study of the Longnose Sucher (Catostomus catostomus) and large and dwarf forms of the White Sucher (Catostomus commersoni). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 28:1745-1748.
- Beitinger, T. L. i W. A. Bennett, 2000. Quantification of the role of acclimation temperature in temperature tolerance of fishes. Environ. Biol. Fish. 58(3):277-288.
- Borgmann, U. i K. M. Ralph, 1985. Feeding, growth and particle-size-conversion efficiency in white sucker larvae and young common shiners. Environ. Biol. Fish. 14(4):269-279.
- Breder, C.M. i D.E. Rosen, 1966. Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City (Estats Units). Pàgines 236-239 i 638-639.
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- Carlander, K. D., 1969. Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. Vol. 1. The Iowa State University Press, Ames. Iowa. 752 p.
- Eaton, J. G., J. H. McCormick, B. E. Goodno, D. G. O'Brien, H. G. Stefany, M. Hondzo i R.M. Scheller, 1995. A field information-based system for estimating fish temperature tolerances. Fisheries 20(4):10-18.
- Eschmeyer, William N., 1990. Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco (Estats Units). iii + 697. ISBN 0940228238.
- Eschmeyer, William N., ed., 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. 2905. ISBN 0940228475.
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FAO, 1997. FAO Database on Introduced Aquatic Species. FAO Database on Introduced Aquatic Species, FAO, Roma.
- Hanel, L. i J. Novák, 2002. Ceské názvy zivocichu V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddelení), Praga.
- Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey, 1997. The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estats Units.
- Houde, E. D. i C.E. Zastrow, 1993. Ecosystem- and taxon-specific dynamic and energetics properties of fish larvae assemblages. Bull. Mar. Sci. 53(2):290-335.
- Hughes, G. M. i M. Morgan, 1973. The structure of fish gills in relation to their respiratory function. Biol. Revs. 48(3):419-475.
- Johnson, J. H. i D. S. Dropkin, 1995. Diel feeding chronology of six fish species in the Juniata River, Pennsylvania. J. Freshwat. Ecol. 10(1):11-18.
- Keast, A., 1968. Feeding of some Great Lakes fishes at low temperatures. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 25(6):1199-1218.
- Lewis, W. M. i D. Elder, 1953. The fish population of the headwaters of a spotted bass stream in southern Illinois. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 82:193-202.
- Moyle, P. i J. Cech, 2000. Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall.
- Museu Suec d'Història Natural. Base de dades de la col·lecció d'ictiologia. Secció d'Ictiologia, Departament de Zoologia de Vertebrats. Estocolm, Suècia, 1999.
- Nelson, J., 1994. Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons.
- Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea i J.D. Williams, 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland, Estats Units.
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1990. Multilingual dictionary of fish and fish products. Fishing News Books, Oxford, Anglaterra.
- Palzenberger, M. i H. Pohla, 1992. Gill surface area of water-breathing freshwater fish. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 2:187-216.
- Parker, R. A., 1958. Some effects of thinning on a population of fishes. Ecology 39(2):304-317.
- Rass, T. S., 1983. Fish. Vol. 4, Life of animals. V.E. Sokolov (ed.). Moscou: Prosveschenie. 575 p.
- Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
- Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.
- Saunders, R. L., 1982. The irrigation of the gills in fishes. II. Efficiency of oxygen uptake in relation to respiratory flow activity and concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Can. J. Zool. 40:817-862.
- Uyeno, T. i G.R. Smith, 1972. Teteraploid origin of the karyotype of catostomid fishes. Science. 175(4022):644-646.
- Waiwood, K. G. i P.H. Johansen, 1974. Oxygen consumption and activity of the white sucker (Catostomus commersoni), in lethal and nonlethal levels of the organochlorine insecticide, methoxychlor. Wat. Res. 8:401-406.
- Wheeler, A., 1977. Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p.
- Wheeler, A., 1985. The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald.
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Enllaços externs
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