Rosa multiflora Thunb. Syn.: Rosa cathayensis (Rehd. & Wilson) BaileyMultiflora Rose, Rambler Rose, Japanese Rose, DE: Fielblten-Rose, Fielbltige RoseSlo.: mnogocvetni ipekDat.: Oct.3. 2018Lat.: 46.342199 Long.: 13.668586 (the same plants as above)Code: Bot_1160/2018_DSC3519Picture file names: from Rosa-multiflora_raw_20 to Rosa-multiflora_raw_21.Habitat: in a thicket of other shrubs and tall herbs (Corylus avellana, small Fraxinus ornus, young, bush shaped Ostrya carpinifolia); on steep pebble and sandy slope of a riverbank, south aspect; calcareous, semi-ruderal ground; sunny place; elevation 480 m (1.570 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley; village Soa, between the main road Bovec-Vri and right bank of river Soa, below stone escarpment of the road; immediately downstream from the bridge near the village church, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Rosa multiflora growing in the wild is a rare find in Slovenia. The plant is not native but introduced to Europe from East Asia mostly from Japan, China and Korea. In Europe it was once a garden plant and has been used as a rootstock for grafting cultivated roses. For the same purpose it was also introduced to several states of USA (Ref.:12), where it is nowadays considered noxious and quite invasive. Ironically its planting was encouraged during the midst of last century by U.S. Soil Conservation Service (Ref.:11)).The species very rarely escapes gardens. But if it does it is capable to proliferate in the wild. The seeds of Rosa multiflora are dispersed mainly by birds and hence spontaneous, unexpected locations are possible (Ref. 9). In Slovenia there exists only a few historical observations of Rosa multiflora. Also contemporary observations are few, most of them along rivers (Ref. 1). Slovenian floristic key (Ref.:7, 2007) as well as working materials for the Atlas of Flora (Ref.: 8, 2001) do not list this species for Slovenia at all. Also FloVegSi data base (Ref. 10) includes no publicly accessible observations of this species in the country. West of us, in Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy, Ref.: 9 states also only a few observations of this species and all of them are in the southwest part of the region away of Slovenia. However, Ref.: 5 states presence of it in Trieste region very near to Slovenian border. To our knowledge no observation has been documented so far in the upper Soa river region (Zgornje Posoje) including Trenta valley.It is interesting that most Rosa multiflora plants have thorns, but, according to some sources, there have been individual plants observed also without them (Ref.11). All the plants of this observation were completely without thorns. Another surprise for me was the fact that in spite of very abundant flowering in June only very few hips were ripe in October.Ref.:(1) Personal communication (conf.) with Dr. Igor Dakskobler and Dr. Branko Vre, Jovan Hadi Institute of Biology of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 521.(3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 734.(4) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 242.(5) M. Buccheri, F. Martini, P. Sergio, Segnalazioni floristiche alla regione Friuli Venezia Giulia XIII, Gortania, Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 25 (2003), pp 194-205; cited in Ref.: 6.(6) W.K. Rottensteiner, Exkursionsflora fr Istrien, Verlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Krten (2014), p 935.(7) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007).(8) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001).(9) L. Poldini, Nuovo Atlante corologico delle piante vascolari nel Friuli Venezia Giulia, University of Trieste (2002), p 415.(10) T. Selikar, B. Vre, A. Selikar, FLOVEGSI data base, The Jovan Hadi Institute of Biology ZRC SAZU, 2003;
bijh.zrc-sazu.si/sl/zbirka/podatkovna-zbirka-flovegsi-fav... (accessed June 9. 2018)(11)
www.eddmaps.org/ipane/ipanespecies/shrubs/Rosa_multiflora... (accessed June 11. 2018)(12) S.R. Kaufman, W. Kaufman, Invasive Plants (second, revised edition), Stackpole Books, Pennsylvania, USA (2012), p 150
