dcsimg

Broad-scale Impacts of Plant Response to Fire ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: grassland, prescribed fire

The Research Project Summary Changes in grassland vegetation following fire
in northern Idaho
provides information on prescribed fire and postfire
response of silky lupine and other plant species that was not available
when this species review was written.
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Common Names ( 英語 )

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silky lupine
blue-bonnet lupine
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Cover Value ( 英語 )

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More info for the term: cover

Silky lupine provides fair to good cover for small nongame birds and
small mammals [6].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Description ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: caudex, cool-season, forb

Silky lupine is a native, perennial, cool-season forb [39,40]. Simple
or branched stems arise from a woody caudex. Plants are generally 8 to
20 inches (20-50 cm) tall. Leaves are mostly basal and have seven to
nine leaflets. The inflorescence is a terminal raceme. Flowers are
conspicuously hairy on the dorsal side of the banner. Pods contain
three to seven seeds [11,12,41]. Silky lupine has a deeply buried root
system [35].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Distribution ( 英語 )

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Silky lupine is distributed east of the Cascade Range from British
Columbia south to California and Arizona and east to Alberta, Montana,
South Dakota, Colorado, and New Mexico [5,11,12,22,41].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Fire Ecology ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: caudex, fire regime

Silky lupine has a deep root system and sprouts from the caudex
following disturbance [24,35]. Seeds are stored in the soil and
germinate on mineral soil in full sun or partial shade. Stored seeds
may be 100 percent viable [20,35].

FIRE REGIMES :
Find fire regime information for the plant communities in which this
species may occur by entering the species name in the FEIS home page under
"Find FIRE REGIMES".
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification) ( 英語 )

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More info for the term: chamaephyte

Chamaephyte
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Habitat characteristics ( 英語 )

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Silky lupine is found on dry, rocky sites on gentle to steep slopes and
in open woods [7,11,19]. It grows best in dry, sandy, loamy,
sandy-loam, and clayey-loam soils. It does not grow well in clay or
other organic, acid, or sodic-saline soils. Silky lupine has been found
to 10,000 feet (3,030 m) elevation in Colorado and Utah [6].

Some species commonly associated with silky lupine include Gambel oak
(Quercus gambelii), common snowberry, ninebark (Physocarpus malvaceus),
serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.), mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus spp.),
arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata), western yarrow (Achillea
millefolium), heartleaf arnica (Arnica cordifolia), pinegrass, bluebunch
wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda),
fescues (Festuca idahoensis and F. scabrella), prairie junegrass
(Koeleria cristata), and sedges (Carex spp.) [16,25,33].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Habitat: Cover Types ( 英語 )

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This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

203 Balsam poplar
206 Engelmann spruce - subalpine fir
207 Red fir
208 Whitebark pine
209 Bristlecone pine
210 Interior Douglas-fir
212 Western larch
213 Grand fir
216 Blue spruce
217 Aspen
218 Lodgepole pine
219 Limber pine
220 Rocky Mountain juniper
237 Interior ponderosa pine
238 Western juniper
239 Pinyon - juniper
243 Sierra Nevada mixed conifer
256 California mixed subalpine
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Habitat: Ecosystem ( 英語 )

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This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

More info for the term: shrub

FRES20 Douglas-fir
FRES21 Ponderosa pine
FRES23 Fir - spruce
FRES25 Larch
FRES26 Lodgepole pine
FRES28 Western hardwoods
FRES29 Sagebrush
FRES34 Chaparral - mountain shrub
FRES35 Pinyon - juniper
FRES36 Mountain grasslands
FRES37 Mountain meadows
FRES38 Plains grasslands
FRES44 Alpine
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Habitat: Plant Associations ( 英語 )

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This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

More info for the terms: forest, shrub, woodland

K007 Red fir forest
K008 Lodgepole pine - subalpine forest
K010 Ponderosa shrub forest
K011 Western ponderosa forest
K012 Douglas-fir forest
K014 Grand fir - Douglas-fir forest
K015 Western spruce - fir forest
K016 Eastern ponderosa forest
K017 Black Hills pine forest
K018 Pine - Douglas-fir forest
K019 Arizona pine forest
K020 Spruce - fir - Douglas-fir forest
K021 Southwestern spruce - fir forest
K022 Great Basin pine forest
K023 Juniper - pinyon woodland
K024 Juniper steppe woodland
K025 Alder - ash forest
K028 Mosaic of K002 and K026
K033 Chaparral
K034 Montane chaparral
K037 Mountain-mahogany - oak scrub
K038 Great Basin sagebrush
K050 Fescue - wheatgrass
K051 Wheatgrass - bluegrass
K052 Alpine meadows and barren
K055 Sagebrush steppe
K056 Wheatgrass - needlegrass shrubsteppe
K063 Foothills prairie
K064 Grama - needlegrass - wheatgrass
K066 Wheatgrass - needlegrass
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Immediate Effect of Fire ( 英語 )

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Aboveground portions of silky lupine are most likely destroyed by fire.
Deeply buried roots probably survive even severe fires.
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Importance to Livestock and Wildlife ( 英語 )

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Silky lupine is readily to moderately available within its range and is
consumed from a moderate to high degree by white-tailed deer, upland
game birds, small nongame birds, and small mammals [6]. In sagebrush
habitats in the River of No Return Wilderness, Idaho, silky lupine
comprised 6 percent of the summer diet of bighorn sheep [8]. Dead
aerial portions of the plant are preferred by bighorn sheep in winter
in Glacier National Park, Montana [32]. The leaves and flowers of silky
lupine are preferred by Columbia ground squirrels [23].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Key Plant Community Associations ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: forest, grassland, herbaceous

Silky lupine is found in a range of habitats including grasslands,
sagebrush, mountain brush, and aspen and conifer forests [5,22,41]. The
following publications list silky lupine as an herbaceous layer dominant
in Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis) or common snowberry (Symphoricarpos
albus) habitats:

Grassland vegetation in the Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming [14]
Plant associations of the Wallowa-Snake Province: Wallowa-Whitman
National Forest [16]
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Life Form ( 英語 )

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More info for the term: forb

Forb
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Management considerations ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: cover, forb, fruit, scarification, wildfire

Silky lupine is a highly toxic plant, especially to sheep [15,23]. It
is less toxic to cattle and horses [19], but causes calf deformities if
ingested by cows between 40 to 70 days gestation [15,27,37]. It
produces quinolizidine alkaloids which affect the nervous system of
livestock [27]. Lupines (Lupinus spp.) are responsible for more losses
among sheep in Montana, Idaho, and Utah than any other single plant
genus [19]. Silky lupine is toxic from the beginning of growth in the
spring until it dries in late summer [15,37]. Dried plants are probably
poisonous as well [19]. Sheep are poisoned by ingesting 0.125 to 0.25
pound (0.06-0.11 kg) daily for 3 to 4 days. Cattle are poisoned by
ingesting 1.0 to 1.5 pounds (0.45-0.68 kg) daily. Livestock normally
consume silky lupine only when other forage is unavailable [15,37].
The symptoms associated with silky lupine poisoning have been described
in detail [19,37]. Silky lupine is apparently not toxic to wildlife
[6,27].

Silky lupine increases under intensive grazing, and is most abundant
under poor or fair range conditions [16,39,40]. It often forms nearly
pure stands in overgrazed areas [39]. Poisoning of livestock occurs
when poor range management has resulted in overgrazing and depletion of
preferred rangeland species [27]. Where lupine species are common,
ranges should be utilized when other forage is abundant and especially
when lupines are not in fruit [37]. Silky lupine has been controlled by
various esters of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T [15,37]. Plants should be sprayed
after they are approximately 5 inches (12.7 cm) tall, but before they
bloom [15]. After spraying, grazing should be deferred to let desirable
plant species occupy the range.

Lupines (L. sericeus and L. caudatus) responded with minor changes in
canopy cover to different management regimes in Douglas-fir/pinegrass
(Pseudotsuga mensiesii/Calamagrostis rubescens) habitat types in central
Idaho. The plants decreased slightly in canopy cover, but seedlings
established when stands were selectively cut or clearcut followed by
mechanical scarification. There was a slight increase in growth in
stands that were clearcut with no site preparation. Seedling
establishment and an increase in cover were evident in stands destroyed
by wildfire and in stands that were clearcut followed by broadcast
burning [35]. In ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) types in eastern
Washington, silky lupine increased 1,100 percent in plots thinned with
26-foot (8.0 m) spacing. There was no increase in unthinned plots [26].
Silkly lupine is the dominant forb in Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis)
grasslands of the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. It produces an average of
156 pounds per acre (175.5 kg/ha), and comprises 9 percent of the total
production of all stands [14].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Nutritional Value ( 英語 )

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Silky lupine is generally poor in energy and protein value [6].
Nutrient values from plants collected in July in the River of No
Return Wilderness, Idaho, were 26 percent crude fiber; 17 percent crude
protein; 1.09 percent calcium; and 0.21 percent phosphorous. Moisture
content was 62 percent [8].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Occurrence in North America ( 英語 )

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AZ CA CO ID MT NE NV NM ND OR
SD UT WA WY AB BC
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Palatability ( 英語 )

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Palatability of silky lupine in Utah, Wyoming, Colorado, and Montana is
poor to fair for cattle and horses and fair for sheep [6].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Phenology ( 英語 )

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More info on this topic.

More info for the terms: cool-season, seed

Silky lupine is a cool-season species [40]. In western Montana, growth
begins in May and flowering occurs from June through July. Seed
dissemination takes place in August, and plants are dried by the end of
that month [28]. Throughout its range, silky lupine generally flowers
from June through August or September [6].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Plant Response to Fire ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: cover, forb, forest, seed, succession

Some lupines are fire survivors and are present in the initial stages of
postfire plant succession [17]. Silky lupine is generally enhanced or
not affected by fire [16]. Following fire, it germinates from buried
seed. It is a prominant forb in burned aspen stands in the Caribou
National Forest, Wyoming [3]. It is also dominant in postfire
communities in mountain big sagebrush/rough fescue (Artemisia tridentata
ssp. vaseyana/Festuca scabrella) and Douglas-fir/mountain big sagebrush
vegetation types in the Helena National Forest, Montana [34]. Silky
lupine showed no significant change in cover after fire in fescue
grasslands in western Montana, although burning occured before August
senescence [1].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Post-fire Regeneration ( 英語 )

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More info for the term: ground residual colonizer

Caudex, growing points in soil
Ground residual colonizer (on-site, initial community)
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Regeneration Processes ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: caudex, seed

Silky lupine most often reproduces by seed [6,35,39]. The seeds are
heavy and are not widely dispersed. They will germinate in full sun or
partial shade. Silky lupine is not rhizomatous but will sprout from the
caudex [35].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Regional Distribution in the Western United States ( 英語 )

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This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):

4 Sierra Mountains
5 Columbia Plateau
6 Upper Basin and Range
7 Lower Basin and Range
8 Northern Rocky Mountains
9 Middle Rocky Mountains
10 Wyoming Basin
11 Southern Rocky Mountains
12 Colorado Plateau
13 Rocky Mountain Piedmont
15 Black Hills Uplift
16 Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Successional Status ( 英語 )

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More info for the terms: climax, competition, cover, succession

Facultative Seral Species

Silky lupine can persist under partial shade, but its cover increases
with more sunlight and less competition [35]. It has greater abundance
in early seral stages of plant succession in the Wallowa-Snake Province,
Oregon [16]. Silky lupine is also present in late seral
Douglas-fir/pinegrass habitats in Idaho [35], and in climax ponderosa
pine forests throughout the western United States [42].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Taxonomy ( 英語 )

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The currently accepted scientific name of silky lupine is Lupinus
sericeus Pursh [5,11,13,41]. Lupinus is a taxonomically complex genus
and there is much confusion regarding nomenclature. Species within the
genus are extremely variable and freely intergrade, making morphological
characteristics used to separate taxa few and inconsistent. There is
much disagreement among authorities concerning recognized subspecies,
varieties, and forms of silky lupine [12,13,18,41].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Value for rehabilitation of disturbed sites ( 英語 )

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Silky lupine is useful in the rehabilitation of disturbed areas
[4,20,29]. Its ability to fix nitrogen allows it to colonize repeatedly
disturbed and low-fertility soils. It has established in old roadbeds
in abandoned mining towns of Montana [20], and in Grand Teton National
Park, Wyoming [4]. Overall, silky lupine has been given a medium to low
rating for erosion control and long-term revegetation potential in Utah,
Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana [6]. Lupines as a whole have
possibilities for use in management, but more information is needed on
the response of the genus to stand disturbance in a wide range of
habitats [17].
書目引用
Matthews, Robin F. 1993. Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
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Physical Description ( 英語 )

由USDA PLANTS text提供
Perennial, Herbs, Taproot present, Nodules present, Stems erect or ascending, Stems less than 1 m tall, Stems solid, Stems or young twigs sparsely to densely hairy, Stem hairs hispid to villous, Stems silvery, canescent, tomentose, cobwebby, or wooly, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules conspicuous, Stipules setiform, subulate or acicular, Stipules persistent, Stipules adnate to petiole, Leaves compound, Leaves palmately 5-11 foliate, Leaf or leaflet margins entire, Leaflets 5-9, Leaves hairy on one or both surfaces, Inflorescences racemes, Inflorescence terminal, Bracts conspicuously present, Bracts very small, absent or caducous, Bracteoles present, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 5-lobed, Calyx 2-lipped or 2-lobed, Calyx hairy, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals clawed, Petals white, Petals blue, lavander to purple, or violet, Petals bicolored or with red, purple or yellow streaks or spots, Banner petal ovoid or obovate, Wing petals narrow, oblanceolate to oblong, Wing tips obtuse or rounded, Keel petals auriculate, spurred, or gibbous, Stamens 9-10, Stamens or anthers dimorphic, alternating large and small, Stamens monadelphous, united below, Filaments glabrous, Style terete, Fruit a legume, Fruit unilocular, Fruit freely dehiscent, Fruit elongate, straight, Fruit oblong or ellipsoidal, Fruit exserted from calyx, Fruit internally septate between the seeds, Fruit hairy, Fruit 3-10 seeded, Seeds ovoid to rounded in outline, Seed surface smooth, Seeds olive, brown, or black, Seed surface mottled or patchy.
編纂者
Dr. David Bogler
來源
Missouri Botanical Garden
來源
USDA NRCS NPDC
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Lupinus sericeus ( 亞塞拜然語 )

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Lupinus sericeus (lat. Lupinus sericeus) - paxlakimilər fəsiləsinin acıpaxla cinsinə aid bitki növü.

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Lupinus sericeus: Brief Summary ( 亞塞拜然語 )

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Lupinus sericeus (lat. Lupinus sericeus) - paxlakimilər fəsiləsinin acıpaxla cinsinə aid bitki növü.

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Lupinus sericeus ( 英語 )

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Lupinus sericeus is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name silky lupine or Pursh's silky lupine. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Arizona and east to Alberta and Colorado.[1]

This perennial herb produces erect stems from a woody caudex and deep root system. The stems reach up to 50 centimetres (20 inches) tall and may branch or not. They are coated in silvery or reddish hairs. The leaves have up to 9 lance-shaped leaflets each up to 6 centimetres (2.4 inches) in length. They are coated in silky hairs. The inflorescence is a raceme of many flowers, usually in shades of purple or blue, but sometimes white or yellowish. The back side of the banner petal is hairy. The fruit is a hairy legume pod up to 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long containing up to 7 seeds.[1][2]

This plant grows in many types of habitat, including forests, woodlands, chaparral, shrubsteppe, sagebrush, and grasslands. It often grows on dry, rocky slopes, and does best in open sites without shade. It can be found at low and high elevations, up to 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) or more. It can often be found in recently burned sites. Plants associated with it include Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), common snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus), ninebark (Physocarpus malvaceus), serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.), mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus spp.), arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata), western yarrow (Achillea millefolium), heartleaf arnica (Arnica cordifolia), bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda), fescues (Festuca idahoensis and F. scabrella), prairie junegrass (Koeleria cristata), and sedges (Carex spp.).[1]

Like many other lupines, this species is very toxic to sheep, and less so to cattle and horses. It contains teratogenic chemical compounds that may cause birth defects in a calf if the plant is eaten by its mother during the early part of the gestation period.[1] Its toxicity is caused by a concentration of quinolizidine alkaloids. It does not appear to be toxic to wild animals such as white-tailed deer, which often consume it. Bighorn sheep feed on it in Montana and Columbia ground squirrels feed on the leaves and flowers. Many other small mammals and birds also eat parts of it.[1]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lupinus sericeus.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Matthews, Robin F. (1993) Lupinus sericeus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Retrieved 11-29-2011.
  2. ^ Lupinus sericeus. Washington Burke Museum. Retrieved 11-29-2011.

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wikipedia EN

Lupinus sericeus: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

由wikipedia EN提供

Lupinus sericeus is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name silky lupine or Pursh's silky lupine. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Arizona and east to Alberta and Colorado.

This perennial herb produces erect stems from a woody caudex and deep root system. The stems reach up to 50 centimetres (20 inches) tall and may branch or not. They are coated in silvery or reddish hairs. The leaves have up to 9 lance-shaped leaflets each up to 6 centimetres (2.4 inches) in length. They are coated in silky hairs. The inflorescence is a raceme of many flowers, usually in shades of purple or blue, but sometimes white or yellowish. The back side of the banner petal is hairy. The fruit is a hairy legume pod up to 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long containing up to 7 seeds.

This plant grows in many types of habitat, including forests, woodlands, chaparral, shrubsteppe, sagebrush, and grasslands. It often grows on dry, rocky slopes, and does best in open sites without shade. It can be found at low and high elevations, up to 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) or more. It can often be found in recently burned sites. Plants associated with it include Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), common snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus), ninebark (Physocarpus malvaceus), serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.), mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus spp.), arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata), western yarrow (Achillea millefolium), heartleaf arnica (Arnica cordifolia), bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda), fescues (Festuca idahoensis and F. scabrella), prairie junegrass (Koeleria cristata), and sedges (Carex spp.).

Like many other lupines, this species is very toxic to sheep, and less so to cattle and horses. It contains teratogenic chemical compounds that may cause birth defects in a calf if the plant is eaten by its mother during the early part of the gestation period. Its toxicity is caused by a concentration of quinolizidine alkaloids. It does not appear to be toxic to wild animals such as white-tailed deer, which often consume it. Bighorn sheep feed on it in Montana and Columbia ground squirrels feed on the leaves and flowers. Many other small mammals and birds also eat parts of it.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lupinus sericeus.
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Lupinus sericeus ( 法語 )

由wikipedia FR提供

Lupin soyeux

Lupinus sericeus, le lupin soyeux, est une espèce de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Fabaceae, sous-famille des Faboideae, originaire de l'ouest de l'Amérique du Nord.

C'est une plante herbacée vivace, à port dressé, pouvant atteindre 140 cm de haut, et à fleurs papilionacées bleues ou violettes. Cette espèce est toxique, particulièrement pour le bétail, à cause des alcaloïdes qu'elle contient. Elle peut provoquer un syndrome tératogène chez les veaux dû à l'anagyrine.

Description

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Feuille.

Le lupin soyeux est une plante herbacée vivace, à racine pivotante, à port dressé, pouvant atteindre 50 à 140 cm de haut. La plante présente généralement plusieurs tiges robustes qui ont un diamètre de 2 à 8 mm à la base. Les feuilles sont composées palmées avec 5 à 9 folioles étroites. Celles-ci sont en général densément pubescentes sur les deux faces. Les fleurs, petites, sont groupées en grappes de 12 à 25 cm de long, très denses lorsque les fleurs sont en boutons et plus lâches pendant la floraison. Les fleurs ont une corolle de type papilionacé de couleur bleu vif avec des taches blanche ou jaune blanchâtre , ou bien bleu clair ou blanchâtre avec des taches brunes. Le fruit est une gousse un peu aplatie comptant de 2 à 5 graines[2].

Distribution et habitat

L'aire de répartition de Lupinus sericeus s'étend dans l'ouest du Canada (Colombie-Britannique, Alberta) et dans le centre-ouest des États-Unis (de l'État de Washington, l'Idaho et le Montana au nord jusqu'à l'Arizona et le Nouveau-Mexique au sud, en incluant vers l'est le Dakota du Sud)[3].

Le lupin soyeux se rencontre dans des habitats variés, dans les prairies, les clairières dans les forêts de feuillus et de conifères, et les zones arbustives, à des altitudes allant de 250 à 3 000 mètres, et dans des zones recevant des précipitations annuelles de 250 à 500 mm. Il préfère les sols secs, sablonneux ou limoneux, bien drainés et non salés, le plus souvent à texture grossière, souvent sur les pentes sèches et rocheuses et dans les bois ouverts. Il pousse dans les sols à pH allant de 7 à 7,5. C'est une plante de plein soleil qui peut cependant tolérer une ombre partielle[2],[4].

Taxinomie

Synonymes

Selon The Plant List (20 septembre 2019)[5] :

  • Lupinus bakeri Greene
  • Lupinus egglestonianus (C.P.Sm.) C.P.Sm.
  • Lupinus falsocomatus C.P. Sm.
  • Lupinus herman-workii C.P. Sm.
  • Lupinus leucopsis J. Agardh
  • Lupinus marianus Rydb.
  • Lupinus ramosus E.E. Nelson
  • Lupinus sericeus var. egglestonianus C.P.Sm.

Liste des sous-espèces et variétés

Selon The Plant List (20 septembre 2019)[5] :

  • sous-espèce :
    • Lupinus sericeus subsp. huffmannii (C.P. Sm.) Fleak & D.B. Dunn
  • variétés :
    • Lupinus sericeus var. asotinensis (E.Phillips) C.L.Hitchc.
    • Lupinus sericeus var. barbiger (S.Watson) S.L.Welsh

Toxicité

Le lupin soyeux est une plante très toxique, car il contient des alcaloïdes quinolizidiniques, en particulier la lupanine et la spartéine, présents en plus grande quantité dans les graines et les gousses, qui affectent le système nerveux des mammifères. Il est toxique notamment pour le bétail, en particulier pour les ovins, les moutons étant plus enclins à consommer du lupin sont les plus exposés à l'intoxication par cette plante. Les bovins et les chevaux sont moins fréquemment intoxiqués. La plante est toxique du début de la croissance au printemps jusqu’à ce qu’elle sèche en fin d’été. Les plantes desséchées, et le foin qui en contient, sont aussi probablement toxiques car ces alcaloïdes résistent au séchage. L'intoxication nécessite l'ingestion de grandes quantités de plantes sur une courte période. Les moutons sont intoxiqués par l'ingestion quotidienne de 125 à 250 g pendant 3 à 4 jours, et les bovins s'ils ingèrent de 450 à 680 g par jour. Normalement, le bétail ne consomme du lupin soyeux que lorsque aucun autre fourrage n'est disponible. Le lupin soyeux n'est apparemment pas toxique pour la faune sauvage.

Les symptômes de l'intoxication par ce lupins sont notamment une respiration laborieuse, de la dépression, le coma et la mort par asphyxie. L'animal peut aussi présenter des tremblements et des convulsions.

Le lupin soyeux contient également de l'anagyrine. Cette substance est un alcaloïde tératogène qui se présente en plus forte concentration dans les graines, les gousses et les jeunes feuilles. Elle peut provoquer chez le veau des malformations squelettiques si elle est ingérée par la vache gestante entre le 40e et le 70e jour de la gestation. Les symptômes sont en particulier l'arthrogrypose, la scoliose, le palatoschisis et d'autres malformations[6],[7].

Notes et références

  1. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden., consulté le 20 septembre 2019
  2. a et b (en) St. John, L. & D. Tilley, « Plant Guide - Silky Lupine - Lupinus sericeus Pursh », sur plants.usda.gov, USDA - Natural Resources Conservation Service, mai 2012 (consulté le 20 septembre 2019).
  3. (en) « Lupinus sericeus Pursh », sur Plants of the World Online (consulté le 20 septembre 2019).
  4. (en) Kathy Lloyd, « Lupinus sericeusSilky Lupine », sur www.mtnativeplants.org, Montana Native Plant Society (consulté le 20 septembre 2019).
  5. a et b The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/, consulté le 20 septembre 2019
  6. (en) « Species: Lupinus sericeus », sur Fire Effects Information System (FEIS) (consulté le 20 septembre 2019).
  7. « Lupinus sericeus (Nom scientifique) », sur Système canadien d'information sur les plantes toxiques, 2013 (consulté le 20 septembre 2019).

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wikipedia FR

Lupinus sericeus: Brief Summary ( 法語 )

由wikipedia FR提供

Lupin soyeux

Lupinus sericeus, le lupin soyeux, est une espèce de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Fabaceae, sous-famille des Faboideae, originaire de l'ouest de l'Amérique du Nord.

C'est une plante herbacée vivace, à port dressé, pouvant atteindre 140 cm de haut, et à fleurs papilionacées bleues ou violettes. Cette espèce est toxique, particulièrement pour le bétail, à cause des alcaloïdes qu'elle contient. Elle peut provoquer un syndrome tératogène chez les veaux dû à l'anagyrine.

許可
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原始內容
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wikipedia FR

Lupinus sericeus ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Lupinus sericeus là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Đậu. Loài này được Pursh miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Lupinus sericeus. Truy cập ngày 5 tháng 6 năm 2013.

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wikipedia VI

Lupinus sericeus: Brief Summary ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Lupinus sericeus là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Đậu. Loài này được Pursh miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên.

許可
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版權
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
原始內容
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wikipedia VI